EP0598691B1 - Heizkessel mit Rauchgasrezirkulation - Google Patents

Heizkessel mit Rauchgasrezirkulation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0598691B1
EP0598691B1 EP93850219A EP93850219A EP0598691B1 EP 0598691 B1 EP0598691 B1 EP 0598691B1 EP 93850219 A EP93850219 A EP 93850219A EP 93850219 A EP93850219 A EP 93850219A EP 0598691 B1 EP0598691 B1 EP 0598691B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flue
pipe
gas
chamber
wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93850219A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0598691A1 (de
Inventor
Leif Alfred Ingemar Olson
Erik Arne Thuvander
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CTC AB
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CTC AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/263—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body with a dry-wall combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating boiler with flue-gas recirculation according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • a heating boiler which includes a water storage facility or magazine that is surrounded by a cylindrical combustion chamber is described in our European Patent Specification EP 0166703.
  • This boiler is a so-called low temperature boiler with which the thermal energy of the flue gases is used effectively by dividing the flue-gas channels, which are located between the water magazine and the combustion chamber, into four groups so that flue gases arriving from the combustion chamber on the burner side are led to the lower group of channels and from there to side channels by means of a flue-gas turning chamber on the opposite side of the burner side, and are then led from the side channels to the upper group of channels by means of a second flue-gas turning chamber on the burner side, this upper group of channels leading the flue gases to a flue-gas exhaust pipe.
  • NO x nitrogen oxide content
  • One known solution in this regard involves recirculating part of the flue gases to the combustion chamber to a location in the vicinity of the burner, so that the gases generated in the combustion chamber are dilute with the flue gases and therewith dampen the process of combustion and also contribute towards maintaining the fuel combustion temperature at a level which can be kept sufficiently low to counteract the formation of NO x .
  • Heating boilers in which flue gases are recirculated to dilute added reactants are described in DE-A1-3601000, DE-A1-3628293, DE-C1-3738623 and EP-A-0288031, for instance.
  • the dilution of added reactants by recycling the flue gases of such boilers is not sufficient to lower the nitrogen oxide content of the gases.
  • DE-A-4 035 262 describes a boiler of this kind which has a through-penetrating gap for removing flue gases from the combustion chamber. These gases are passed towards the burner side, from where part of the flue gas is recycled back to the combustion chamber and part of the flue gas is taken out through four separate connecting conduits to a smoke stack. This results in a relatively complicated construction.
  • the Heimax boiler Another such boiler, called the Heimax boiler, is described in DE-A-3905762 in which the volume of flue gases cooled and recycled can be adapted to the type of fuel concerned and also to other factors which influence the combustion process, by varying the size of the gap through which the cooled flue gases are recycled.
  • This type of heating boiler fulfils all current requirements concerning low NO x emissions and thus represents an effective solution to this problem.
  • one drawback with this type of heating boiler is that, similar to the boiler described in DE-A-4 035 262, it is of relatively complicated construction and is therewith more expensive sive than other commercially available boilers which are less attractive from the aspect of NO x x emissions.
  • the construction of the Heimax boiler is also made complicated by the requirement of additional channels for rearward outlet of the flue gases.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a heating boiler which will satisfy the aforesaid needs and demands.
  • the invention thus relates to a heating boiler which operates with flue-gas recirculation, said boiler comprising a water magazine which is surrounded by an outer and an inner circular shell.
  • the outer mantle normally has an oval shape, but may also be circular or even rectangular in shape.
  • the boiler has two outer walls and a cylindrical combustion chamber which is located inwardly of the inner shell and the outer walls.
  • the combustion chamber includes a plurality of surrounding flue-gas channels or passageways which are mutually divided by longitudinally extending flanges, fins or the like, for instance U-shaped profiles, arranged around the periphery of the circular inner shell of the water magazine.
  • the combustion chamber is defined by a cylindrical pipe, a wall at one end of the pipe, said wall being provided with a burner-accommodating opening, and an imperforate second wall on the other end of the pipe.
  • the cylindrical pipe is provided with a saddle-shaped aperture which is located in the vicinity of the other, distal wall and which extends at most around half the circumference of the pipe.
  • the channels are divided into two groups by means of a seal located between the inner shell of the water magazine and the combustion chamber pipe. This aperture communicates solely with the first group of flue-gas channels, including those flue gas channels that are located essentially in the vicinity of said half circumference and which in turn communicate solely with a flue-gas turning chamber provided on the burner side.
  • the flue-gas turning chamber is defined by the outer wall on this side and by the wall that contains the burner opening.
  • the flue-gas turning chamber is connected to the combustion chamber through a gap located in the vicinity of the burner opening, and also to a second group of flue-gas channels which include the remainder of said flue gas channels and which are connected to a flue-gas pipe which extends through the outer wall opposite to the burner side.
  • the flue-gas pipe communicates with the surroundings.
  • the size of the flue-gas recirculating gap can be adjusted and that the recirculated, cooled flue gases will be returned to the combustion chamber essentially in a circular pattern around the burner flame.
  • the inventive heating boiler thus presents two so-called flue-gas paths, a lower path and an upper path, wherein the upper path is preferably connected to the combustion chamber through the outlet provided in the combustion chamber pipe.
  • the flue gases will thus exit from the combustion chamber outlet and move upwards to the upper flue-gas path, which is comprised of a plurality of flue-gas channels in the upper half of the boiler.
  • the combustion chamber can conveniently be constructed as a readily removable unit which lies sealingly against those flanges that form part of the flue-gas channels.
  • the combustion-chamber pipe will then form one of the defining surfaces of the flue-gas channels.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal, sectional view of an inventive heating boiler
  • Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views of the inventive heating boiler taken on the lines A-A and B-B respectively in Figure 1
  • Figures 4 and 5 are respective perspective views of a combustion chamber of the heating boiler as seen from two different directions.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a heating boiler 10 which includes a water magazine 11 enclosed between an outer shell 12 and an inner shell 13.
  • the outer surface of the outer shell 12 is insulated.
  • Extending peripherally around the inner surface of the inner shell 13 are flanges 15 or the like which partially define longitudinally extending flue-gas channels.
  • These flanges may have the form of U-shaped profiles and have a radial extension which is generally equal to the distance to a cylindrical combustion-chamber pipe 16 mounted inwardly of the inner shell 13, thereby forming a plurality of longitudinally extending flue-gas channels 17 outside the combustion-chamber pipe 16.
  • the boiler further comprises a combustion chamber 20, which is defined by the cylindrical combustion-chamber pipe 16 and combustion chamber walls 18, 19.
  • the wall 18 is provided with an opening in which a burner 21 is mounted, said burner being shown fitted to the boiler.
  • the other end of the pipe 16 has an imperforate wall 19, which is shown to be fitted with internal insulation.
  • An aperture 22 through which flue gases exit from the combustion chamber 20 is provided in the end of the pipe 16 opposite to the burner opening.
  • the wall 18 at the burner end of the pipe 16 is configured to form a gap 23 between the wall 18 and an outer wall 25 of the boiler.
  • the burner 21 When the boiler is in operation, the burner 21 is inserted into the opening in the wall 18 of the combustion chamber and the outer wall 25 of the boiler.
  • the cooled flue gases reach a flue-gas turning chamber 14 located between the combustion chamber and the outer wall, and part of the thus cooled flue gases, or combustion gases, are drawn by suction through the gap 23 located around the burner 21 or the burner pipe 24, where they cool and dilute the combustion reactants and therewith enable a desired low combustion temperature to be achieved.
  • the remainder of the flue gases flow back from the flue-gas turning chamber 14 towards the distal end of the boiler, through the lower group 17b of flue-gas channels and are therewith further cooled from a temperature of about 300°C to a temperature beneath 200°C at the time of reaching the outer wall 27 of the boiler, as indicated in the Figure.
  • the inner surface of the bottom half of the combustion chamber pipe 16 is insulated, as shown at 26, to prevent reheating of the cooled flue gases.
  • the outer wall 27 which has mounted therein a flue-gas pipe 28 through which the gases are caused to exit to the surroundings, through a smokestack or the like.
  • An outwardly projecting edge 29 seals against the outer wall 27 and the combustion-chamber wall 19 and is connected to wings 30 (shown in Fig. 2) disposed along the long side of the burner pipe 16 and therewith forces the flue gases flowing from the burner side to pass solely through the flue-gas pipe 28 in the outer wall 27.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are sectional views of the boiler taken on respective lines A-A and B-B in Figure 1 and show the inner shell 13 of the water magazine.
  • Connected to the inner shell 13 are longitudinally extending flanges 15. These flanges 15 define longitudinally extending flue-gas channels 17 together with the combustion-chamber pipe 16.
  • the channels 17 are divided into two groups or paths by means of a seal located between the inner shell 13 of the water magazine and the combustion-chamber pipe 16.
  • the seal has the form of a longitudinally extending wing 30 which is welded along the combustion-chamber pipe 16 and the width and length of which is such as to seal against the inner shell 13 of said magazine along the whole length of the pipe 16.
  • Flue gases will thus flow inwardly, as seen in the plane of the drawing, in the upper group of flue-gas channels 17a, thus the group located above the wing 13, whereas the gases in the lower group of flue-gas channels 17b will flow outwards.
  • the sealing, outwardly projecting edge 29 on the distal combustion-chamber wall 19 is configured to adapt to the flue-gas pipe 28, the position of which is also shown in the Figures.
  • FIGS 4 and 5 illustrate a combustion chamber of the heating boiler 31 constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, said unit being shown in perspective obliquely from above the burner side and the flue-gas pipe side respectively.
  • the combustion chamber 31 is comprised of a cylindrical pipe 16 having a wall 18, which is provided with a burner accommodating opening 32, and an imperforate wall 19 at the opposite end of the pipe 16.
  • This opposite end of the pipe 16 is provided with the aforesaid saddle-shaped aperture 22 through which the flue gases flow into the combustion chamber.
  • the Figures illustrate the wings 30 extending along the sides of the pipe 16, these wings having the form of elongated narrow plates that are welded to the pipe, for instance.
  • combustion chamber 31 Located at the distal wall 19 is an outwardly projecting edge 29 whose ends are connected to respective wings 30, said edge having the form of a bent plate in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the entire combustion chamber 31 is intended to be fitted to a heating boiler that comprises a water magazine having a circular inner shell and flanges or profiles which define flue-gas channels inwardly of the shell, as described above.
  • the combustion chamber 31 may replace other combustion chamber arrangements fitted in such heating boilers.
  • the aforedescribed arrangements operate in a manner which is highly satisfactory from an environmental point of view, since the NO x content can be kept very low ( ⁇ 120 mg/kWh).
  • the arrangements involved are extremely simple mechanical constructions which can be produced simply and cheaply.
  • the arrangements are also easy handle from a servicing aspect. When cleaning the unit, the outer wall 25 is removed and the combustion chamber unit 31 withdrawn from the boiler. When servicing or cleaning is completed, the unit 31 is simply inserted into the boiler and the boiler is then again operative.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Heizkessel (10), der mit Rauchgasrezirkulation arbeitet, mit einem Wasserspeicher (11), der durch ein Außengehäuse (12) und ein Innengehäuse (13) von rundem Querschnitt und zwei Außenwände (25, 27) begrenzt ist, und einer zylindrischen Verbrennungskammer (20), die innerhalb des Wasserspeichers (11) befestigt ist und mehrere umgebende Rauchgaskanäle (17) umfaßt, die miteinander durch sich längs erstreckende Flansche (15) oder dergleichen getrennt sind, welche um den Umfang des runden Innengehäuses (13) des Wasserspeichers angeordnet sind, wobei die Verbrennungskammer (20) durch ein zylindrisches Rohr (16), eine erste Verbrennungskammerwand (18), die mit einem Ende dieses Rohres verbunden ist und mit einer einen Brenner aufnehmenden Öffnung versehen ist, sowie eine zweite Verbrennungskammerwand (19), die mit dem anderen Ende des Rohres (16) verbunden ist, begrenzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zylindrische Rohr (16) mit einem sattelförmigen Auslaß (22) versehen ist, welcher in der Nachbarschaft zu der zweiten Wand (19) angeordnet ist und sich höchstens um die Hälfte des Umfanges des Rohres (16) erstreckt, daß die Kanäle (17) in zwei Gruppen (17a, 17b) durch eine Dichtungseinrichtung geteilt sind, die zwischen dem inneren Gehäuse (13) des Wasserspeichers (11) und dem Verbrennungskammerrohr (16) liegt, daß der Auslaß (22) Verbindung mit der ersten Gruppe von Rauchgaskanälen (17a) hat, die jene Rauchgaskanäle einschließen, welche in der nahen Nachbarschaft des halben Umfangs angeordnet sind und die ihrerseits nur mit einer Rauchgaswendekammer (14) auf der Brennerseite verbunden sind, welche durch die Außenwand (25) und die erste Verbrennungskammerwand (18) begrenzt ist, daß die Rauchgaswendekammer (14) mit der Verbrennungskammer (20) mit Hilfe eines Spaltes (23) verbunden ist, der in der Nachbarschaft der brenneraufnehmenden Öffnung angeordnet ist, und auch mit einer zweiten Gruppe von Rauchgaskanälen (17b) einschließlich des Restes der Rauchgaskanäle, die mit einer Rauchgasleitung (28) verbunden sind, welche sich durch die andere Außenwand (27) ersteckt, verbunden ist, wobei diese Leitung (28) in Verbindung mit der Umgebung steht.
  2. Kessel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Größe des Spaltes (23) variiert werden kann.
  3. Kessel nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbrennungskammer (20) entweder vollständig oder teilweise gegen die zweite Gruppe von Rauchgaskanälen (17b) wärmeisoliert ist.
  4. Kessel nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslaß (22) in dem zylindrischen Rohr (16) nach oben blickt und daß die erste Gruppe von Rauchgaskanälen (17a) im wesentlichen an die obere Hälfte des zylindrischen Wasserspeichers (11) angrenzt.
  5. Kessel nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbrennungskammer (20) die Form einer lösbaren Einheit (31) hat, die dichtend gegen die Flansche (15) anliegt.
EP93850219A 1992-11-18 1993-11-17 Heizkessel mit Rauchgasrezirkulation Expired - Lifetime EP0598691B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9203460A SE500326C2 (sv) 1992-11-18 1992-11-18 Värmepanna med rökgasåterföring samt brännkammarenhet för sådan värmepanna
SE9203460 1992-11-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0598691A1 EP0598691A1 (de) 1994-05-25
EP0598691B1 true EP0598691B1 (de) 1997-07-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93850219A Expired - Lifetime EP0598691B1 (de) 1992-11-18 1993-11-17 Heizkessel mit Rauchgasrezirkulation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0598691B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE155568T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69312226T2 (de)
SE (1) SE500326C2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020102847A1 (en) * 2018-11-22 2020-05-28 Rheem Australia Pty Limited An improved liquid heater

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4418495C1 (de) * 1994-05-27 1995-05-11 Viessmann Werke Kg Dreizug-Heizkessel
ITMI20112023A1 (it) * 2011-11-08 2013-05-09 Milano Politecnico Caldaia senza fiamma per la produzione di acqua calda
CN107581229B (zh) * 2017-10-27 2023-03-17 四川科达节能设备有限公司 流体燃料常压安全节能保温烫猪灶
DE102020121934B3 (de) * 2020-08-21 2021-05-20 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Gasbrennervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Gasbrennervorrichtung

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3048044C2 (de) * 1980-12-19 1983-06-09 Helmut Dipl.-Chem. 8000 München Ulrich Flammrohr aus hitzebeständigem Werkstoff für Brenner, insbesondere Ölbrenner
SE441778B (sv) * 1984-03-30 1985-11-04 Ctc Ab Vermepanna med ett cylindriskt vattenmagasin
DE3738623C2 (de) * 1987-11-11 1995-05-04 Wolf Klimatechnik Gmbh Heizkessel mit Rauchgasrezirkulation
DE3938090C1 (de) * 1989-11-16 1991-04-18 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co, 3559 Allendorf, De
DE4035262A1 (de) * 1990-11-03 1992-05-07 Sbs B Schmidt Gmbh & Co Niedertemperatur-heizkessel und verfahren zum betreiben eines solchen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020102847A1 (en) * 2018-11-22 2020-05-28 Rheem Australia Pty Limited An improved liquid heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69312226D1 (de) 1997-08-21
SE9203460L (sv) 1994-05-19
DE69312226T2 (de) 1997-11-13
SE9203460D0 (sv) 1992-11-18
ATE155568T1 (de) 1997-08-15
EP0598691A1 (de) 1994-05-25
SE500326C2 (sv) 1994-06-06

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