EP0595756A1 - Terminal de soufflage pour installation de ventilation - Google Patents

Terminal de soufflage pour installation de ventilation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0595756A1
EP0595756A1 EP93630079A EP93630079A EP0595756A1 EP 0595756 A1 EP0595756 A1 EP 0595756A1 EP 93630079 A EP93630079 A EP 93630079A EP 93630079 A EP93630079 A EP 93630079A EP 0595756 A1 EP0595756 A1 EP 0595756A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
terminal
array
flow passage
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93630079A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert W. Paterson
Mark R. Hogan
Walter M. Presz, Jr.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Publication of EP0595756A1 publication Critical patent/EP0595756A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to ventilation systems. More particularly, the invention relates to terminals for diffusing and distributing air from a ventilation supply duct into a space such as a room.
  • Ventilation systems are widely used to distribute air within enclosed spaces such as rooms in buildings or ships, or cabins of motor vehicles or aircraft.
  • the distributed air may be heated, cooled, dehumidified, filtered or otherwise conditioned or purified by specialized equipment adapted to the purpose.
  • Common to nearly all ventilation systems are terminals at the outlet ends of the ducts supplying air to the space or spaces to be ventilated.
  • a terminal serves several functions. One is to distribute the air exiting the terminal as widely as possible in order to minimize the number of duct terminals required to serve a given space. Another is to mix the air exiting the terminal with air already in the space so as to promote uniform distribution of air having a desired condition (e.g. temperature, humidity) within the space and thus to prevent drafts and "dead," hot or cold areas.
  • the terminal should contribute as little as possible to system pressure losses and also as little as possible to system radiated noise.
  • This high velocity jet generates high noise levels when it passes through and impinges on the exit deflectors. Because of the relatively high pressure loss through such a terminal, the ventilation system fan or fans must operate at a higher loading to achieve desired air flow rates and thus the fans produce greater noise levels than if the terminal were not in the system.
  • At least one prior art ventilation air terminal see Kurth et al. , U.S. Patent 2,825,274 issued 4 March 1958, has an ejector that induces air from the spaces served by the terminal to mix with the flow of conditioned air from the air supply duct.
  • the '274 terminal is an improvement over terminals without an ejector
  • standard ejectors without lobes
  • the stream of air entering the terminal and the stream of mixed air exiting the terminal are in close proximity, leading to re-ingestion or "short circuiting" of the mixed air and therefore reducing the mixing and coverage effectiveness of the terminal.
  • the present invention is a ventilation air terminal incorporating a mixer ejector.
  • the terminal offers improved mixing, reduced pressure loss and reduced radiated noise.
  • the terminal delivers air from an upstream supply duct through a primary flow passage in the terminal to an outlet.
  • One boundary of the primary flow passage is a lobed array.
  • the lobed array has a plurality of lobes aligned longitudinally along the array. The height of the lobes increases gradually in an upstream to downstream direction along the array.
  • On the other side of the lobed array is an ejector flow passage.
  • the configuration of the lobes is such that a lobe in one flow passage is a trough in the other flow passage. Viewed from downstream, the lobes have a wave-like appearance.
  • the ejector flow passage conducts air from a recirculating air inlet to the outlet of the terminal.
  • the lobes produce streamline vortices and other stirring mechanisms thus producing rapid mixing with low losses.
  • This mixing interaction between the air flow in the primary flow passage as the air passes through the lobed array and the air in the ejector flow passage causes air to flow in the ejector flow passage from the recirculating air inlet to the air outlet.
  • the mixing interaction also causes the recirculating air to mix with the primary air that is discharged from the terminal.
  • the terminal draws air from the space it serves and mixes this recirculated air with the supply air before discharging the mixed airstreams to the space.
  • the terminal thus reduces any large variation in condition, e.g. temperature, between the supply air and the ambient air within the space so that unpleasant drafts as well as hot or cold spots are reduced.
  • the mixing action also serves to reduce the total velocity of the air exiting the terminal into the space with a resultant reduction in air flow noise produced by the terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is an isometric view, partially broken away, of one embodiment of the terminal of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view, partially broken away, of the terminal depicted in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectioned, through line III-III in FIG. 2 , elevation view of the terminal depicted in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is a second isometric view of the terminal depicted in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectioned, through line V-V in FIG. 2 , elevation view of the terminal depicted in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing air flow through the terminal depicted in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 7 is an isometric view of another embodiment of the terminal of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view of the terminal depicted in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectioned, through line IX-IX in FIG. 7, of the terminal depicted in FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 9 is a sectioned, through line VII-VII in FIG. 7 , eleva tion view of the terminal depicted in FIG . 7.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing air flow through the terminal depicted in FIG. 7 .
  • FIGS. 1 through 5 depict one embodiment of the terminal of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is an isometric view, partially broken away
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view, partially broken away
  • FIG. 3 is a sectioned side elevation view
  • FIG. 4 is an isometric view from another angle
  • FIG. 5 is a sectioned elevation view of a portion of the terminal.
  • a ventilation terminal discharges air from a ventilation duct into a space at right angles to the direction of the inlet air.
  • FIGS. 1 through 5 show ventilation terminal 10 , the major components of which are inlet duct 13 , terminal casing 14, baffle plate 15 and lobed array 22 .
  • Air from an upstream air supply duct enters inlet duct 13 of terminal 10 through air inlet 11 . All of the air entering terminal 10 through air inlet 11 (primary air) must flow through primary flow passage 31 , which is formed and defined by terminal casing 14 and lobed array 22 , before exiting terminal 10 through air outlet 12 . Air from the space served by terminal 10 (recirculating air) can enter the terminal through recirculating air inlet 33 in baffle plate 15 . To exit through air outlet 12 , recirculating air entering terminal 10 through recirculating air inlet 33 must pass through ejector flow passage 32 . Ejector flow passage 32 is formed by and between baffle 15 and lobed array 22 .
  • Lobed array 22 has a plurality of radially arranged lobes 23 aligned so that they conform longitudinally to the stream of primary air flowing from inlet duct 13 to air outlet 12 through primary air passage 31 .
  • Lobes 23 penetrate alternately into both primary flow passage 31 and ejector flow passage 32 so that a lobe in one of the passages is a trough in the other.
  • the height of lobes 23 increases gradually in an upstream to a downstream direction along the array. When viewed from downstream ( FIG. 5 ), lobes 23 have a wave-like appearance. Taken together, lobed array 22 , primary flow passage 31 and ejector air passage 32 form a mixer ejector.
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically the operation of terminal 10 .
  • Primary air enters terminal 10 through air inlet 11 .
  • the primary air passes through terminal 10 it turns and passes through the lobes and troughs of lobed array 22 in primary flow passage 31 .
  • Ejector mixing interaction between the air flow in primary air passage 31 and the air in ejector air passage 32 causes a flow of air in passage 32 from recirculating air inlet 33 to air outlet 12 , causing air from the space served by terminal 10 to be drawn into the terminal and mixed with the primary air stream from the ventilation supply duct.
  • the configuration of air outlet 12 is that of a diffuser, lowering the static pressure at the outlet and thus increasing the secondary air flow through terminal 10 .
  • Terminal 10 does not require a diffuser but, in addition to lowering the static pressure, the diffuser improves the secondary air pumping power of terminal 10 . This is because vortices generated in the primary and secondary air streams by lobes 23 energize the diffuser boundary layer and allow relatively large diffuser angles without stalling. The absence of stall means that the full energy of the primary air stream is available to pump the secondary air stream (with about 90 to 95 percent efficiency).
  • FIGS. 7 through 9 depict another embodiment of the terminal of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an isometric view, partially broken away
  • FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view
  • FIG. 9 is a sectioned side elevation view of the terminal.
  • a ventilation terminal discharges air from a ventilation duct into a space with no change of direction through the terminal.
  • the configuration of this embodiment of the invention allows the terminal to be mounted flush with a surface, such as a ceiling.
  • FIGS. 7 through 9 show ventilation terminal 10' , the major components of which are inlet duct 13' , terminal casing 14' , inner wall member 16' and lobed array 22' .
  • Air from an upstream air supply duct enters inlet duct 13' of terminal 10' through air inlet 11' .
  • Lobed array 22' joins with the downstream end of inlet duct 13' , therefore all of the air entering terminal 10' through air inlet 11' (primary air) must flow through primary flow passage 31' , which is surrounded and defined by lobed array 22', before exiting terminal 10' through air outlet 12' .
  • Air from the space served by terminal 10' can enter the terminal through recirculating air inlet 33' , which is an annular opening surrounding air outlet 12' .
  • Recirculating flow passage 34' is an annular space formed between the inner wall of terminal casing 14' and the outer wall of inner wall member 16' .
  • Ejector flow passage 32' is an annular space formed by and between the inner wall of inner wall member 16' and lobed array 22' .
  • Lobed array 22 ' has a plurality of lobes 23' aligned longitudinally along the array.
  • Lobes 23' penetrate alternately into both primary flow passage 31' and ejector flow passage 32' so that a lobe in one of the passages is a trough in the other.
  • the height of lobes 23' increases gradually in an upstream to a downstream direction along the array.
  • lobes 23' When viewed from downstream ( FIG. 7 ), have a wave-like appearance.
  • FIG. 10 shows schematically the operation of terminal 10' .
  • Primary air enters terminal 10' through air inlet 11' .
  • the primary air passes through terminal 10' , passing through the lobes and troughs of lobed array 22' in primary flow passage 31' .
  • Ejector mixing interaction between the air flow in primary flow passage 31' and the air in ejector flow passage 32' causes a flow of air to and through passage 32' from secondary air inlet 33' , through recirculating air passage 34 and then to air outlet 12' , causing air from the space served by terminal 10' to be drawn into the terminal and mixed with the primary air stream from the ventilation supply duct.
  • turning vanes or deflectors may be fitted at air outlet 12' to provide wider diffusion of the discharge of the terminal. The lower velocities at the outlet would result in lower noise from such turning vanes, compared to conventional vaned terminals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
EP93630079A 1992-10-26 1993-10-14 Terminal de soufflage pour installation de ventilation Withdrawn EP0595756A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US96681692A 1992-10-26 1992-10-26
US966816 1992-10-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0595756A1 true EP0595756A1 (fr) 1994-05-04

Family

ID=25511895

Family Applications (1)

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EP93630079A Withdrawn EP0595756A1 (fr) 1992-10-26 1993-10-14 Terminal de soufflage pour installation de ventilation

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0595756A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06193957A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1302729A1 (fr) * 2001-10-11 2003-04-16 Fläkt Oy Diffuseur d'air directionnel
EP2716990A3 (fr) * 2012-10-08 2018-03-28 GEA Air Treatment GmbH Appareil plafonnier ou mural destiné à introduire de l'air refroidi ou réchauffé dans une pièce
WO2018138573A1 (fr) * 2017-01-30 2018-08-02 Zehnder Group International Ag Dispositif diffuseur d'air permettant d'aérer des pièces

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4790480B2 (ja) * 2006-04-24 2011-10-12 高砂熱学工業株式会社 空調換気システム
JP5323840B2 (ja) * 2007-09-21 2013-10-23 エアグリーン エルティーディー． 空調システムからの空気ジェットを分散させこれを周囲空気と混合するための方法
JP5005826B1 (ja) * 2011-04-08 2012-08-22 午郎 佐伯 エアーコンディショナーの室内機から吹き出された空気の流れ方向を制御する指向制御板
CN107490172A (zh) * 2017-09-05 2017-12-19 中环智创（北京）科技有限公司 低噪音送风引射器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825274A (en) * 1953-08-20 1958-03-04 Anemostat Corp America Air outlet device for ventilating apparatus
DE3139997A1 (de) * 1981-08-18 1983-03-03 Globogal AG, 5600 Lenzburg "zuluftvorrichtung"
EP0268993A2 (fr) * 1986-11-28 1988-06-01 Fläkt Aktiebolag Distributeur d'air
US5052285A (en) * 1990-06-07 1991-10-01 Carrier Corporation Air diffuser for ventilating apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825274A (en) * 1953-08-20 1958-03-04 Anemostat Corp America Air outlet device for ventilating apparatus
DE3139997A1 (de) * 1981-08-18 1983-03-03 Globogal AG, 5600 Lenzburg "zuluftvorrichtung"
EP0268993A2 (fr) * 1986-11-28 1988-06-01 Fläkt Aktiebolag Distributeur d'air
US5052285A (en) * 1990-06-07 1991-10-01 Carrier Corporation Air diffuser for ventilating apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1302729A1 (fr) * 2001-10-11 2003-04-16 Fläkt Oy Diffuseur d'air directionnel
EP2716990A3 (fr) * 2012-10-08 2018-03-28 GEA Air Treatment GmbH Appareil plafonnier ou mural destiné à introduire de l'air refroidi ou réchauffé dans une pièce
WO2018138573A1 (fr) * 2017-01-30 2018-08-02 Zehnder Group International Ag Dispositif diffuseur d'air permettant d'aérer des pièces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06193957A (ja) 1994-07-15

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