Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/42—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on animal substances or products obtained therefrom, e.g. manure
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
  • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

• the invention relates to fuel granules from liquid manure, in particular for fluidized bed furnaces. It also relates to processes for the production of such granules.
• Fuel granules from sewage sludge are known from the publication "Granulate for incineration", Entsorga-Magazin - Entsorgungelle, September 1990, pages 60 to 62. These fuel granules consist of mechanically pre-dewatered sewage sludge, which is mixed intimately in a compulsory mixer with a dry material, not specified, and is practically granulated. The mixture produced is such that the dry substance lies above the adhesive phase of approx. 50% dry substance (TS), in order to then be dried in a special disc dryer without problems. The product can run independently, e.g. B. in a fluidized bed furnace, are burned. The composition and properties of the dry granules are not reported in detail.
• machine-dewatered sludge is mixed with already dried material, conveyed with a conveyor belt into the inner cylinder of a drum dryer consisting of three concentric cylinders, and from there with one Hot gas stream (400 - 500 ° C) entering at high speed is transported through the three cylinders and dried.
• Hot gas stream 400 - 500 ° C
• the granulate is withdrawn from the system by 2 to 4 mm from the granular dry material produced. The remaining material is crushed in a mill and returned to the system.
• This method also requires a very high level of mechanical and energy expenditure for the production of the granules.
• the present invention is based on the object, while avoiding the disadvantages of the known methods, of proposing fuel granules from liquid manure which are optimized with regard to their composition and properties and which can be produced without high mechanical and energy expenditure and which are particularly suitable for combustion are suitable in the fluidized bed.
• fuel granules are proposed, the composition and properties of which are set out in claims 1 to 3.
• the fuel granules of liquid manure according to the invention are surprisingly fuels which are distinguished by excellent handling, since they contain hardly any dust or release them when handled. Because of their free-flowing properties due to their rounded grain shape, they are ideal for storage, transport and fuel metering. Their combustion is comparatively environmentally friendly both with regard to the smoke gases and solid residues. They have a calorific value that is comparable to dry lignite.
• the fuel granules of liquid manure according to the invention can be used in fluidized bed furnaces without additional carrier substances and without additional fuels, since they are very suitable as a self-propelled fuel for this type of furnace.
• moist fuel granules with a comparatively high water content of up to 48% have a calorific value which is comparable to dried sewage sludge.
• These moist fuel granules can thus be burned directly in existing sewage sludge incineration plants without having to make structural changes in the furnace and waste heat system. Air-dried, as dry fuel granules, they achieve a calorific value that is comparable to dry lignite.
• the moist fuel granules can be produced by the appropriate addition of conditioning agents such as finely divided and dry coal and lime.
• conditioning agents such as finely divided and dry coal and lime.
• the production of the fuel granules is expediently carried out at the location of the manure. However, it is also conceivable to carry out the production at a central point, for example in the catchment area of smaller livestock farms or at the location where the fuel granules are fed to the combustion.
• FIG. 1 of the drawing some preferred options for producing the self-combustible fuel granules from liquid manure are shown by way of example, and their further development into higher-calorie dry fuel granules by simple forced-air drying.
• FIG. 2 shows a temperature profile of a burning test with moist fuel granules.
• a granulation unit namely a granulation mixer 1
• moist fuel granules 12 are produced from the slurry stored in a slurry tank 2.
• the granulating mixer 1 is charged with the starting materials via a slurry feed 11, a lignite dust feeder 9 and a quicklime feed 10, the individual ingredients being matched to one another such that the moist fuel granules 12 produced by the granulating mixer 1 have an average moisture content of between 37 and 48%.
• the addition of quicklime 10 is based on the sulfur content of the lignite dust 9.
• liquid manure 11 and lignite dust 9 are to be calculated as a function of the respective moisture of these material flows in order to obtain moist fuel granules with a moisture content of 37 to 48% that are sufficiently strong and free-flowing (non-sticky and non-lubricating) and self-combustible.
• the manure 11 to be fed to the granulating mixer 1 can have 1.5 to 12% DM.
• the proportion of lignite dust is to be measured depending on the water content of the slurry in order to obtain moist fuel granules 12 between 37 and 48% moisture.
• lignite dust 9 hard coal dust or other carbon-containing dry matter, for example wood flour or the like, can also be added to the granulating mixer 1 in appropriate proportions in order to produce combustible moist fuel granules 12 in a self-sufficient manner. It is important, however, that the moist fuel granules 12 are sufficiently firm _ Q _
• the fuel feed into the fluidized bed is started at time C.
• the stabilization phase b begins, which continues until time A (secondary air addition "on”).
• time A secondary air addition "on"
• the combustion process carried itself out of the moist fuel granules added and stabilized up to time A (secondary air addition "on"), so that from there until the end of the experiment (time E) a very stable combustion phase c was present, in which only very small temperature fluctuations were displayed. It can be clearly seen that these temperature profiles were very uniform from the time A at which the secondary air addition was switched on until the end of the test E. The almost straight curves show that the addition of the moist fuel nulate is also done very evenly. It can also be deduced from this that the burnup was intensive and even.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6436162

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1991
  • 1991-07-15 DE DE19914123368 patent/DE4123368C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1992
  • 1992-06-27 HU HU9400111A patent/HUT71546A/hu unknown
  • 1992-06-27 CZ CS9485A patent/CZ8594A3/cs unknown
  • 1992-06-27 WO PCT/EP1992/001453 patent/WO1993002163A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-06-27 EP EP92913619A patent/EP0594650A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1992-06-27 SK SK34-94A patent/SK3494A3/sk unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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