EP0593878A1 - Rotationally symmetrical semi - product with varying properties through the cross-section - Google Patents

Rotationally symmetrical semi - product with varying properties through the cross-section Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0593878A1
EP0593878A1 EP93113617A EP93113617A EP0593878A1 EP 0593878 A1 EP0593878 A1 EP 0593878A1 EP 93113617 A EP93113617 A EP 93113617A EP 93113617 A EP93113617 A EP 93113617A EP 0593878 A1 EP0593878 A1 EP 0593878A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
preform
semi
core
outer layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93113617A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0593878B1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dr.-Ing. Stock
W. Gary Watson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wieland Werke AG
Original Assignee
Wieland Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wieland Werke AG filed Critical Wieland Werke AG
Publication of EP0593878A1 publication Critical patent/EP0593878A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0593878B1 publication Critical patent/EP0593878B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/123—Spraying molten metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12021—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles having composition or density gradient or differential porosity
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12049—Nonmetal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12049—Nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12056—Entirely inorganic

Abstract

The invention relates to a semi-finished product, in particular of copper or copper alloys, which is produced from a rotationally symmetrical preform (1) by hot and cold forming steps. The preform (1) itself is produced by spray compacting and consists of a core (9) and at least one outer layer (10) which is disposed around said core, which, as a result of modifying additives, with the formation of a flowing boundary, have variable properties. Suitable modifying additives are particles which are insoluble in the metal matrix and are introduced either into the core (9) or into the outer layer (10), or they are heterogeneous insoluble particles which are introduced both into the core (9) and into the outer layer (10). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein rotationssymmetrisches Halbzeug, insbesondere aus Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen, mit über den Querschnitt variierenden Eigenschaften nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bzw. 2.2. The invention relates to a rotationally symmetrical semi-finished product, in particular made of copper or copper alloys, with properties that vary over the cross section.

Aus dem Stand der Technik (etwa nach der DE-OS 4.105.420) sind für das Halbzeug nötige Vorformen mit einer veränderlichen Legierungszusammensetzung und daraus resultierenden, unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften bekannt. Die Herstellung kann nach dem sogenannten Verfahren des "Sprühkompaktierens" erfolgen (vgl. bspw. GB-PS 1.379.261 und GB-PS 1.472.939), bei dem eine Metallschmelze durch einen Gasstrahl in einer geeigneten Düse in Tröpfchen zerlegt und die Tröpfchen auf einer Unterlage wieder zu einem massiven Körper gesammelt werden.
Nach der DE-OS 4.105.420 wird die anfängliche Vorform aus einer Legierung ohne vorhandene modifizierende Zusätze hergestellt, indem die Metallschmelze auf einen rotierenden Hohldorn versprüht wird. Die späteren Abschnitte der Vorform erhalten einen modifizierten Legierungsgehalt, indem später in die Metallschmelze modifizierende Zusätze eingebracht und mit der Schmelze versprüht werden.From the prior art (for example according to DE-OS 4.105.420), the preforms required for the semi-finished product with a variable alloy composition and the resulting different properties are known. The production can be carried out according to the so-called "spray compacting" method (cf. for example GB-PS 1.379.261 and GB-PS 1.472.939), in which a metal melt is broken down into droplets by a gas jet in a suitable nozzle and the droplets are opened a pad can be collected again into a solid body.
According to DE-OS 4.105.420, the initial preform is produced from an alloy without any modifying additives present, by spraying the molten metal onto a rotating hollow mandrel. The later sections of the preform are given a modified alloy content by later introducing modifying additives into the molten metal and spraying them with the melt.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Bandbreite der möglichen rotationssymmetrischen Vorformen und die Möglichkeit der verschiedenen Eigenschaftskombinationen des Halbzeugs zu vergrößern.The invention has for its object to increase the range of possible rotationally symmetrical preforms and the possibility of different combinations of properties of the semi-finished product.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Vorform aus einem Kern und mindestens einer darumliegenden Außenschicht besteht und daß es sich bei den modifizierenden Zusätzen um in der Metallmatrix nichtlösliche Partikel handelt, die entweder in den Kern oder in die Außenschicht eingebracht sind.The object is achieved in that the preform consists of a core and at least one surrounding outer layer and that there are the modifying additives are particles which are insoluble in the metal matrix and are either introduced into the core or into the outer layer.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Variante ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorform aus einem Kern und mindestens einer darumliegenden Außenschicht besteht und daß es sich bei den modifizierenden Zusätzen um in der Metallmatrix nichtlösliche Partikel handelt, wobei verschiedenartige Partikel sowohl in den Kern als auch in die Außenschicht eingebracht sind.A variant according to the invention is characterized in that the preform consists of a core and at least one surrounding outer layer and that the modifying additives are particles which are insoluble in the metal matrix, different types of particles being introduced both into the core and into the outer layer.

Es ist zwar beim Sprühkompaktieren bekannt, Dispersoidteilchen in den Tröpfchenstrahl einzubringen (vgl. bspw. EPS 0.198.606), jedoch nicht in Verbindung mit einem Mehrschichtaufbau.In spray compacting, it is known to introduce dispersoid particles into the droplet jet (see, for example, EPS 0.198.606), but not in connection with a multilayer structure.

Nach einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, daß als nichtlösliche Partikel metallische Partikel aus Molybdän, Niob, Wolfram, Blei oder dergleichen vorzusehen sind.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that metallic particles made of molybdenum, niobium, tungsten, lead or the like be provided as insoluble particles.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden als nichtlösliche Partikel nichtmetallische Oxid-, Karbid-, Borid-, Nitridteilchen oder dergleichen vorgesehen, insbesondere Partikel aus Aluminiumoxid (Al₂O₃), Siliziumkarbid (SiC) oder Bornitrid (BN). Die Partikel sind vorzugsweise an den Korngrenzen abgelagert.According to a further embodiment of the invention, non-metallic oxide, carbide, boride, nitride or the like are provided as insoluble particles, in particular particles of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), silicon carbide (SiC) or boron nitride (BN). The particles are preferably deposited at the grain boundaries.

Für die Vorstufe der Herstellung der rotationssymmetrischen Vorform für das Halbzeug wird vorzugsweise das Verfahren des Sprühkompaktierens eingesetzt, bei dem Metallschmelze durch einen Gasstrahl in einer Düse zu Tröpfchen zerstäubt und die Tröpfchen auf einem rotierenden Substrat gesammelt werden. Erfindungsgemäß werden mindestens zwei gleichzeitig, unabhängig voneinander arbeitende Düsen derart angeordnet, daß sich deren Tröpfchenstrahlen überlappen und stirnseitig auf ein Substrat kreisförmigen Querschnitts gerichtet sind, wobei nichtlösliche Partikel entweder in den ersten oder zweiten Tröpfchenstrahl oder wobei verschiedenartige, nichtlösliche Partikel gleichzeitig in den ersten und zweiten Tröpfchenstrahl injiziert werden.For the preliminary stage of the production of the rotationally symmetrical preform for the semi-finished product, the spray compacting method is preferably used, in which metal melt is atomized into droplets by a gas jet in a nozzle and the droplets are collected on a rotating substrate. According to the invention, at least two nozzles working simultaneously and independently of one another are arranged such that their droplet jets overlap and are directed towards a substrate of circular cross section, insoluble particles either in the first or second droplet jet or wherein different types of insoluble particles are injected into the first and second droplet streams simultaneously.

Vorzugsweise werden durch mindestens eine Düse gleichzeitig nichtlösliche Partikel sowie in der Metallmatrix merklich lösliche Partikel in den ersten bzw. zweiten Tröpfchenstrahl bzw. in beide Tröpfchenstrahlen injiziert (beispielsweise nichtlösliche Bleipartikel und lösliche Nickelpartikel in den Tröpfchenstrahl einer Kupferlegierung). Durch die nachfolgende Warmumformung der Vorform tritt Legierungsbildung mit den löslichen Partikeln ein, und es wird somit eine gezielte Eigenschaftsveränderung ermöglicht.Preferably, at least one nozzle simultaneously injects insoluble particles and noticeably soluble particles in the metal matrix into the first or second droplet jet or into both droplet jets (for example, insoluble lead particles and soluble nickel particles into the droplet jet of a copper alloy). The subsequent hot forming of the preform causes alloy formation with the soluble particles to occur, and a targeted change in properties is thus made possible.

Nach dem beschriebenen Verfahren lassen sich bspw. folgende Kombinationen herstellen:

  • 1. leitfähiger Kern (Kupfer), Außenschicht mit geringem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten (Kupfer-Niob),
  • 2. duktiler Kern (Kupfer), hochfeste Außenschicht (Kupfer-Aluminiumoxid/Kupfer-Siliziumkarbid),
  • 3. hochfester Kern (Kupfer-Aluminiumoxid/Kupfer-Siliziumkarbid), gutbearbeitbare Außenschicht (Kupfer-Bornitrid),
  • 4. hochfester Kern (Kupfer-Aluminiumoxid/Kupfer-Siliziumkarbid), Außenschicht mit hoher elektrischer Leitfähigkeit (Kupfer),
  • 5. bearbeitbarer Kern (Kupferlegierung-Bornitrid/Kupferlegierung-Blei/Kupferlegierung-Molybdänsulfid), verschleißfeste Außenschicht (Kupferlegierung-Aluminiumoxid/Kupferlegierung-Siliziumkarbid),
  • 6. leitfähiger Kern (Kupferlegierung), korrosionsbeständige, verschleißfeste Außenschicht (Kupferlegierung-Nickel, Aluminiumoxid/Kupferlegierung-Nickel, Siliziumkarbid),
  • 7. hochfester, leitfähiger Kern (Kupferlegierung-Aluminiumoxid/Kupferlegierung-Siliziumkarbid), Außenschicht mit guten Gleiteigenschaften (Kupferlegierung-Grafit/Kupferlegierung-Blei/Kupferlegierung-Molybdänsulfid).
The following combinations, for example, can be produced using the described method:
  • 1. conductive core (copper), outer layer with low expansion coefficient (copper-niobium),
  • 2. ductile core (copper), high-strength outer layer (copper-aluminum oxide / copper-silicon carbide),
  • 3. high-strength core (copper-aluminum oxide / copper-silicon carbide), well machinable outer layer (copper-boron nitride),
  • 4. high-strength core (copper-aluminum oxide / copper-silicon carbide), outer layer with high electrical conductivity (copper),
  • 5.workable core (copper alloy-boron nitride / copper alloy-lead / copper alloy-molybdenum sulfide), wear-resistant outer layer (copper alloy-aluminum oxide / copper alloy-silicon carbide),
  • 6.conductive core (copper alloy), corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant outer layer (copper alloy-nickel, aluminum oxide / copper alloy-nickel, silicon carbide),
  • 7. High-strength, conductive core (copper alloy-aluminum oxide / copper alloy-silicon carbide), outer layer with good sliding properties (copper alloy-graphite / copper alloy-lead / copper alloy-molybdenum sulfide).

Die Erfindung wird anhand der folgenden Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 die Herstellung einer zylindrischen Vorform und
  • Figur 2 die Anlagerung der modifizierenden Zusätze an den Korngrenzen.
The invention is explained in more detail using the following exemplary embodiments. It shows
  • Figure 1 shows the manufacture of a cylindrical preform and
  • Figure 2 shows the addition of the modifying additives at the grain boundaries.

In Figur 1 ist schematisch eine Sprühkompaktiervorrichtung zur Herstellung einer zylindrischen Vorform 1 (Rundbolzen) dargestellt. Ein Schmelzevorrat (nicht dargestellt) wird zwei Düsen 2, 3 zugeführt. Aus diesen Düsen 2, 3 treten zwei sich überlappende Schmelzetröpfchenstrahlen 4, 5 aus, die stirnseitig auf ein rotierendes Substrat 6 kreisförmigen Querschnitts gerichtet sind. Auf dem Substrat 6 bzw. auf dem wachsenden Rundbolzen 1 (der in Pfeilrichtung abziehbar ist) werden die Tröpfchenstrahlen 4, 5 wieder konsolidiert und zu einem massiven Block 1 verfestigt. Zusätzliche Düsen, durch die Partikel in die Tröpfchenstrahlen 4, 5 injiziert werden können, sind durch Ziffer 7, 8 angedeutet. In Figur 1 ist ebenfalls angedeutet, daß gleichzeitig unterschiedliche Partikel (

Figure imgb0001
, 0) in die Tröpfchenstrahlen 4, 5 injiziert werden. Die über den Radius des Rundbolzens 1 angedeutete Partikeldichte zeigt, daß ein Verbundbolzen 1 entsteht, welcher aus einem Kern 9 und einer Außenschicht 10 mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften besteht.
Ein besonderer Vorteil des geschilderten Verfahrens besteht darin, daß der Übergang des Kerns 9 zur Außenschicht 10 fließend erfolgt und in der Vorform 1 keine Trennfuge vorhanden ist, wie etwa bei älteren Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik (bspw. Walzplattieren, pulvermetallurgische Herstellung). Hierdurch werden alle damit verbundenen Nachteile wie Bindefehler an der Trennfuge, hoher Aufwand für Qualitätssicherung usw. vermieden.FIG. 1 schematically shows a spray compacting device for producing a cylindrical preform 1 (round bolt). A melt supply (not shown) is fed to two nozzles 2, 3. From these nozzles 2, 3 emerge two overlapping melt droplet jets 4, 5 which are directed towards a rotating substrate 6 of circular cross section. The droplet jets 4, 5 are consolidated again on the substrate 6 or on the growing round bolt 1 (which can be pulled off in the direction of the arrow) and solidified to form a solid block 1. Additional nozzles through which particles can be injected into the droplet jets 4, 5 are indicated by numbers 7, 8. FIG. 1 also indicates that different particles (
Figure imgb0001
, 0) are injected into the droplet jets 4, 5. The particle density indicated over the radius of the round bolt 1 shows that a composite bolt 1 is formed which consists of a core 9 and an outer layer 10 with different properties.
A particular advantage of the described method is that the transition from the core 9 to the outer layer 10 is smooth and there is no parting line in the preform 1, as is the case with older methods according to the prior art (for example roll cladding, powder metallurgical production). This avoids all the associated disadvantages, such as binding errors at the parting line, high quality assurance efforts, etc.

Zahlenbeispiel:Numerical example:

Nach dem beschriebenen Sprühkompaktierverfahren wurde ein Rundbolzen 1 von 300 mm Durchmesser hergestellt, dessen Kern 9 (Durchmesser: 220 mm) aus Kupfer und dessen Außenschicht 10 (Breite: 40 mm) aus Kupfer und Aluminiumoxid bestand.According to the spray compacting process described, a round bolt 1 with a diameter of 300 mm was produced, the core 9 (diameter: 220 mm) of copper and the outer layer 10 (width: 40 mm) of copper and aluminum oxide.

Bei der Verdüsung wurde ein Gas-Metall-Verhältnis von 0,6 (innen) bzw. 0,4 (außen) gewählt.
Der Rundbolzen 1 wurde zu einer Stange von 62 mm Durchmesser verpreßt, wobei die Dicke der Außenschicht 10 3 mm und der Durchmesser des Kerns 9 56 mm betrug.A gas-metal ratio of 0.6 (inside) or 0.4 (outside) was chosen for the atomization.
The round bolt 1 was pressed into a rod with a diameter of 62 mm, the thickness of the outer layer 10 being 3 mm and the diameter of the core 9 being 56 mm.

Figur 2 zeigt in 500facher Vergrößerung die Anlagerung von Aluminiumoxid-Teilchen an den Korngrenzen bei einer CuCrZr-Legierung, welche den Kern einer Vorform bildet.Figure 2 shows a 500-fold enlargement of the deposition of aluminum oxide particles on the grain boundaries in a CuCrZr alloy, which forms the core of a preform.

Claims (8)

Halbzeug, insbesondere aus Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen, in Form von Stangen, Rohren, Drähten oder Profilen, hergestellt aus einer rotationssymmetrischen Vorform (1) durch Warm- und Kaltumformschritte,
wobei die Vorform (1) über den Querschnitt aus mindestens zwei Schichten (9, 10) aufgebaut ist, die mittels modifizierender Zusätze unter Ausbildung einer fließenden Grenze unterschiedliche Eigenschaften aufweisen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vorform (1) aus einem Kern (9) und mindestens einer darumliegenden Außenschicht (10) besteht und
daß es sich bei den modifizierenden Zusätzen um in der Metallmatrix nichtlösliche Partikel handelt, die entweder in den Kern (9) oder in die Außenschicht (10) eingebracht sind.Semi-finished products, in particular made of copper or copper alloys, in the form of rods, tubes, wires or profiles, made from a rotationally symmetrical preform (1) by hot and cold forming steps,
the preform (1) being constructed over the cross section from at least two layers (9, 10) which have different properties by means of modifying additives with formation of a flowing boundary,
characterized,
that the preform (1) consists of a core (9) and at least one surrounding outer layer (10) and
that the modifying additives are particles which are insoluble in the metal matrix and are either introduced into the core (9) or into the outer layer (10). Halbzeug, insbesondere aus Kupfer oder Kupferlegierungen, in Form von Stangen, Rohren, Drähten oder Profilen, hergestellt aus einer rotationssymmetrischen Vorform (1) durch Warm- und Kaltumformschritte,
wobei die Vorform (1) über den Querschnitt aus mindestens zwei Schichten (9, 10) aufgebaut ist, die mittels modifizierender Zusätze unter Ausbildung einer fließenden Grenze unterschiedliche Eigenschaften aufweisen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vorform (1) aus einem Kern (9) und mindestens einer darumliegenden Außenschicht (10) besteht und
daß es sich bei den modifizierenden Zusätzen um in der Metallmatrix nichtlösliche Partikel handelt,
wobei verschiedenartige Partikel sowohl in den Kern (9) als auch in die Außenschicht (10) eingebracht sind.Semi-finished products, in particular made of copper or copper alloys, in the form of rods, tubes, wires or profiles, made from a rotationally symmetrical preform (1) by hot and cold forming steps,
the preform (1) being constructed over the cross section from at least two layers (9, 10) which have different properties by means of modifying additives with formation of a flowing boundary,
characterized,
that the preform (1) consists of a core (9) and at least one surrounding outer layer (10) and
that the modifying additives are particles which are insoluble in the metal matrix,
different types of particles being introduced both into the core (9) and into the outer layer (10). Halbzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß als nichtlösliche Partikel metallische Partikel aus Molybdän, Niob, Wolfram, Blei oder dergleichen vorgesehen sind.Semi-finished product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
that metallic particles of molybdenum, niobium, tungsten, lead or the like are provided as insoluble particles. Halbzeug nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß als nichtlösliche Partikel nichtmetallische Oxid-, Nitrid-, Karbid-, Boridteilchen oder dergleichen vorgesehen sind.Semi-finished product according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that
that non-metallic oxide, nitride, carbide, boride particles or the like are provided as insoluble particles. Halbzeug nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Partikel aus Aluminiumoxid (Al₂O₃), Siliziumkarbid (SiC) oder Bornitrid (BN) vorgesehen sind.Semi-finished product according to claim 4, characterized in
that particles of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), silicon carbide (SiC) or boron nitride (BN) are provided. Halbzeug nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Partikel an den Korngrenzen abgelagert sind.Semi-finished product according to one or more of claims 1-5, characterized in
that the particles are deposited at the grain boundaries. Verfahren zur Herstellung der rotationssymmetrischen Vorform (1) für das Halbzeug nach den Ansprüchen 1 - 6 durch Sprühkompaktieren, bei dem Metallschmelze durch einen Gasstrahl in einer Düse zu Tröpfchen zerstäubt und die Tröpfchen auf einem rotierenden Substrat (6) gesammelt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß mindestens zwei gleichzeitig, unabhängig voneinander arbeitende Düsen (2, 3) derart angeordnet werden, daß sich deren Tröpfchenstrahlen (4, 5) überlappen und stirnseitig auf ein Substrat (6) kreisförmigen Querschnitts gerichtet sind,
wobei nichtlösliche Partikel entweder in den ersten oder zweiten Tröpfchenstrahl (4 oder 5) oder
wobei verschiedenartige, nichtlösliche Partikel gleichzeitig in den ersten und zweiten Tröpfchenstrahl (4, 5) injiziert werden.Method for producing the rotationally symmetrical preform (1) for the semi-finished product according to claims 1-6 by spray compacting, in which metal melt is atomized into droplets by a gas jet in a nozzle and the droplets are collected on a rotating substrate (6), characterized in that
that at least two nozzles (2, 3) working independently of one another are arranged in such a way that their droplet jets (4, 5) overlap and are directed towards a substrate (6) of circular cross-section,
where insoluble particles either in the first or second droplet jet (4 or 5) or
different types of insoluble particles being injected simultaneously into the first and second droplet streams (4, 5). Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß durch mindestens eine Düse (2 oder 3) gleichzeitig nichtlösliche Partikel sowie in der Metallmatrix merklich lösliche Partikel in den ersten bzw. zweiten Tröpfchenstrahl (4 bzw. 5) bzw. in beide Tröpfchenstrahlen (4, 5) injiziert werden.A method according to claim 7, characterized in
that at least one nozzle (2 or 3) simultaneously insoluble particles and noticeably soluble particles in the metal matrix are injected into the first and second droplet streams (4 and 5) or both droplet streams (4, 5).
EP93113617A 1992-10-20 1993-08-26 Rotationally symmetrical semi - product with varying properties through the cross-section Expired - Lifetime EP0593878B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4235303 1992-10-20
DE4235303A DE4235303A1 (en) 1992-10-20 1992-10-20 Rotationally symmetrical semi-finished product with properties that vary across the cross-section

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0593878A1 true EP0593878A1 (en) 1994-04-27
EP0593878B1 EP0593878B1 (en) 1996-06-05

Family

ID=6470865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93113617A Expired - Lifetime EP0593878B1 (en) 1992-10-20 1993-08-26 Rotationally symmetrical semi - product with varying properties through the cross-section

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5613187A (en)
EP (1) EP0593878B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4235303A1 (en)
FI (1) FI100703B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI20021835A0 (en) * 2002-10-16 2002-10-16 Valtion Teknillinen Hot forming steels for injection molding of mold inserts
US7564666B2 (en) * 2006-05-02 2009-07-21 Semiconductor Components Industries, L.L.C. Shunt protection circuit and method therefor
DE102006051936B4 (en) * 2006-11-01 2014-03-20 Zollern Bhw Gleitlager Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for producing two interconnected layers and functional component which can be produced by the process
DE102007020891A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-13 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Lined brake disc for rail- or commercial road vehicles, is formed as spray-compacted metal coating containing embedded ceramic particles
DE102015116519A1 (en) 2015-09-29 2017-03-30 Thyssenkrupp Ag Apparatus and method for spray compacting
US20170216918A1 (en) * 2016-02-02 2017-08-03 Melissa E. Orme-Marmarelis Methods and systems for fabrication using multi-material and precision alloy droplet jetting

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4681772A (en) * 1986-05-05 1987-07-21 General Electric Company Method of producing extended area high quality plasma spray deposits
EP0270265A1 (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-06-08 Alcan International Limited Making composite metal deposit by spray casting
WO1992004475A1 (en) * 1990-09-04 1992-03-19 Olin Corporation Incorporation of ceramic particles into a copper base matrix to form a composite material
WO1992015721A1 (en) * 1991-03-07 1992-09-17 Osprey Metals Limited Production of spray deposits

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE790453A (en) * 1971-10-26 1973-02-15 Brooks Reginald G MANUFACTURE OF METAL ARTICLES
GB1472939A (en) * 1974-08-21 1977-05-11 Osprey Metals Ltd Method for making shaped articles from sprayed molten metal
GB8507675D0 (en) * 1985-03-25 1985-05-01 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Metal product fabrication
US5164347A (en) * 1986-09-16 1992-11-17 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Method for producing self-supporting ceramic bodies with graded properties
GB8622464D0 (en) * 1986-09-18 1986-10-22 British Petroleum Co Plc Graded structure composites
US4820358A (en) * 1987-04-01 1989-04-11 General Electric Company Method of making high strength superalloy components with graded properties
US5253697A (en) * 1989-01-16 1993-10-19 Les Bronzes D'industrie, Societe Anonyme Manufacture of articles consisting of a composite material
CA2036810A1 (en) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-03 Thomas F. Sawyer Method of forming article with variable alloy composition
US5240672A (en) * 1991-04-29 1993-08-31 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Method for making graded composite bodies produced thereby

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4681772A (en) * 1986-05-05 1987-07-21 General Electric Company Method of producing extended area high quality plasma spray deposits
EP0270265A1 (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-06-08 Alcan International Limited Making composite metal deposit by spray casting
WO1992004475A1 (en) * 1990-09-04 1992-03-19 Olin Corporation Incorporation of ceramic particles into a copper base matrix to form a composite material
WO1992015721A1 (en) * 1991-03-07 1992-09-17 Osprey Metals Limited Production of spray deposits

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59302814D1 (en) 1996-07-11
FI934602A0 (en) 1993-10-19
DE4235303A1 (en) 1994-04-21
FI100703B (en) 1998-02-13
US5613187A (en) 1997-03-18
EP0593878B1 (en) 1996-06-05
FI934602A (en) 1994-04-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2012961B1 (en) Method of welding a single wear layer onto a parent material using a plurality of flux-cored wire electrodes, metal powder and welding powder
DE2263123C3 (en) Method and apparatus for producing a copper-clad aluminum wire
EP1186682B1 (en) Cylindrical sputtering target and process for its manufacture
DE2244304A1 (en) PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE METAL-COVERED WELDING ELECTRODES
DE2636131A1 (en) POWDER METAL ITEM WITH AN ABRASION-RESISTANT SURFACE
DE3211392A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR EXTRUDING TUBES FROM A GLASS MELT
EP0593878A1 (en) Rotationally symmetrical semi - product with varying properties through the cross-section
AT390907B (en) METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TUBE CHOCOLATE WITH A RECTANGULAR OR SQUARE CROSS SECTION
DE2221943A1 (en) Boron fiber with anti-diffusion coating, process and device for their production
DE10128566A1 (en) Multilayer motor valve guide manufacture involves spraying a composite metal and lubricating polymer onto a rotating mandrel, coating with metal and cutting into lengths
DE60032548T2 (en) Wire electrode for spark erosive cutting
EP2343143A2 (en) Method for producing components from refractory metals
EP0911423A1 (en) Method for joining workpieces
EP0472546A1 (en) Process for manufacturing plated hollow blocks.
EP1301647B1 (en) Method for the production of cutting bodies with a cutting layer
DE3517454A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ROLLING STRIP MATERIAL MADE BY CASTING
DE2226863A1 (en) PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METAL MATERIALS REINFORCED BY INSERTS OF FIBER STRUCTURES
WO2021028476A1 (en) Eiga coil having annular turns
DD239962A5 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING METAL BLOCKS, MOLDINGS OR PROFILE MATERIAL FROM A METAL MELT
DE2300528A1 (en) COMPOSITE METAL PIPE, IN PARTICULAR PIPE BLANK, AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURING
DE3443620C2 (en)
DE3424022C2 (en)
DE3247134A1 (en) Process and device for coating the inner surface of rotationally symmetrical hollow bodies with a wear-resistant coating
DE102009004201A1 (en) Process useful for wire arc spraying of workpieces, especially hollow bodies using wires made from different materials gives improved coating quality combined with shorter coating time
DE2205199A1 (en) Metal spraying electrode wire - with metallic sheath and compressed powder core

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930826

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19950308

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59302814

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19960711

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: A. BRAUN, BRAUN, HERITIER, ESCHMANN AG PATENTANWAE

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19960627

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A.

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PFA

Owner name: WIELAND-WERKE AG

Free format text: WIELAND-WERKE AG#POSTFACH 4240, GRAF-ARCO-STRASSE 34#D-89079 ULM (DE) -TRANSFER TO- WIELAND-WERKE AG#POSTFACH 4240, GRAF-ARCO-STRASSE 34#D-89079 ULM (DE)

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20090806

Year of fee payment: 17

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20090826

Year of fee payment: 17

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20090831

Year of fee payment: 17

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20090814

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20100823

Year of fee payment: 18

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20100824

Year of fee payment: 18

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20100826

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100831

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 59302814

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20110301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110301

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100826

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20120430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110826

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100827