EP0591036B1 - Cylinder lock with rotor and stator, and key therefor - Google Patents
Cylinder lock with rotor and stator, and key therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0591036B1 EP0591036B1 EP93402354A EP93402354A EP0591036B1 EP 0591036 B1 EP0591036 B1 EP 0591036B1 EP 93402354 A EP93402354 A EP 93402354A EP 93402354 A EP93402354 A EP 93402354A EP 0591036 B1 EP0591036 B1 EP 0591036B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- key
- rotor
- axis
- housing
- assembly according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B19/00—Keys; Accessories therefor
- E05B19/0017—Key profiles
- E05B19/0041—Key profiles characterized by the cross-section of the key blade in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the key
- E05B19/0047—Key profiles characterized by the cross-section of the key blade in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the key with substantially circular or star-shape cross-section
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is an assembly consisting of a lock and its associated key, said lock being of the type comprising a stator and a rotor mounted in said stator, said rotor being provided with a housing intended to receive a key suitable for cooperate with locking elements provided for locking said rotor relative to said stator when the key is not present in said housing, and making the rotor free to rotate relative to said stator when the key is present in said housing, as specified in the first part of claim 1.
- Flat keys are known, with rectangular section, of which indentations provided on the edge of the key have varying depths and positioning on the edge to obtain different combinations: if the manufacture of such a key is easy and inexpensive, the number of combinations is reduced.
- keys have already been produced in the form of a cylinder at the periphery of which are housed, intended to receive the locking elements, distributed longitudinally and angularly; these housings which do not communicate with each other have made it difficult to obtain such a key by manufacturing means limiting the cost price, such a key being necessarily obtained by stamping.
- Patent application FR-A-2 450 929 has already described an assembly consisting of a lock and its associated key, said lock comprising a stator and a rotor mounted in said stator, said rotor being provided with an axial housing d rectilinear axis intended to receive a key, which has substantially the same cross section as said housing and which is adapted to cooperate with locking elements, said locking elements being provided for locking said rotor relative to said stator when the key does is not present in said housing and to make the rotor free to rotate relative to said stator when the key is present in said housing, said rotor housing being a bore with an axis parallel to the common axis of the rotor and the stator, bore in which extend the locking elements, at least two of which are in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of said housing.
- the key to such a set is difficult to manufacture and, therefore, expensive.
- the present invention aims to describe an assembly consisting of a lock and its associated key of the above type, whose key combinations are numerous and whose manufacture is easy, therefore inexpensive.
- the invention therefore relates to an assembly of the type defined above, characterized in that the housing of the rotor and the key have a non-circular cross section and that said key is hollowed out by at least one circumferential peripheral groove internally limited by a bottom, at least two locking elements located in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing coming to cooperate with the bottom when the key is present in the rotor housing.
- the key groove can be produced by simple machining means and be cut by turning, which minimizes the cost price of the entire lock and the key associated with it.
- the section of the rotor bore is, in a first sector, a circular arc centered on the axis of the rotor extending over less than 360 ° and, according to a second sector, of any shape other than a arc of a circle according to the circle of the first sector.
- the section of the rotor bore is formed of two circular sectors belonging to the same circle centered on the axis of the rotor, and of two flats.
- the two dishes face each other, the two circular sectors also facing each other.
- the bottom of the groove is of circular section and its axis is distinct from the axis of the rotor; alternatively, the bottom of the groove is elliptical, the ellipse having its center on the axis of the rotor.
- the locking elements consist of stator pins and rotor pins slidably mounted in radial holes in the stator and the rotor.
- the invention also relates to a key intended for an assembly, the surface-envelope of the exterior of the key having a rectilinear axis and a non-circular cross section, characterized in that the key is hollowed out by at least one circumferential peripheral groove having a mean plane perpendicular to the axis of the key.
- the bottom of a groove has, perpendicular to the axis of the surface-envelope of the exterior of the key, a circular section, the axis of which is distinct from said axis of said surface-envelope.
- the bottom of a groove has, perpendicular to the axis of the surface-envelope of the exterior of the key, an elliptical section, said ellipse having its center on said axis of said surface-envelope.
- the lock of such an assembly is inexpensive to manufacture and allows numerous combinations; furthermore, it has a short axial length and its protection, in particular with regard to water or dust, can be easily achieved; for this, it suffices to mount a sliding protective element in the key housing, said protective element having a closing face closing the housing when the key is not present in the housing, under the action of elastic means acting on said protective element.
- Locks have already been fitted with protective elements, but so far these protective elements are unreliable and / or bulky; in particular in the application to a motor vehicle, the locks are often very small in size and it is difficult to equip them with an effective protective element.
- the present invention solves this problem.
- the lock of an assembly of the type defined above is further characterized by the fact that a protective element is slidably mounted in the key housing, said protective element having a closing face closing the housing, when the key is not present in the housing, under the action of elastic means acting on said protective element; the section of the protective element is equal to that of the housing, apart from the mounting clearance; the section of the housing is of a shape such that it allows the rotor to be driven in rotation by the key.
- the elastic means acting on said protective element bear on a plug closing the end of the housing opposite to that which allows the introduction of the key into the housing.
- the closing face is surrounded by an inlet plate integral with the rotor; the outer face of the entry plate has a shape facilitating the introduction of the key into the housing.
- Figure 1 shows, in section, a latch 100 comprising a stator 101 of circular section with axis 102 having a coaxial bore 103 in which is rotatably mounted a rotor 104; the rotor 104 is crossed by a cylindrical axial bore 105, the non-circular section of which is, in a sector 106, an arc of a circle centered on the axis 102 of the rotor 104 and extending over less than 360 °, and, according to another sector 107, of any shape, in any case different from an arc of a circle along the circle of sector 106.
- the bore 105 receives a cylindrical key 108 whose outer casing 109 has the shape complementary to the bore 105, apart from the assembly clearance, said envelope 109 being hollowed out with a groove 110 extending circumferentially at the periphery of the key 108 around the axis 102 and internally limited by a cylindrical bottom 111 of section circular whose axis 112 is distinct from the axis 102 of the rotor 104 and the stator 101.
- the lock 100 is provided with locking elements 127 each consisting of a pair of pins 114, 121.
- the wall of the stator 101 is provided with radial cylindrical bores 113 in which are slidably mounted pins 114 of cup-shaped stator having a bottom 115; a spring 116 is supported, on the one hand, on the bottom 115 and, on the other hand, on a plug 117 closing the bore 113 at the periphery of the stator 101, the spring 116 urging the pins 114 towards the axis 102 of the stator.
- the wall of the rotor 104 is also provided with radial cylindrical bores 118 having a first part 119 of section equal to the section of the bores 114 of the stator 101 and opening at the periphery of the rotor 104 towards the stator 101, and a second part 120, of same axis as the first part 119 but of smaller cross section, and opening into the bore 105 of the rotor 104.
- the holes 118 are slidably mounted pins 121 of cylindrical rotor comprising a head 122 sliding in the part 119 of the bore 118 and a tail 123 sliding in the part 120 of the bore 118;
- the face 124 of the head 122 is cylindrical and its cross section is an arc of a circle whose radius is equal to that of the bore 103 of the stator;
- the tail 123 ends with a conical end 125 which is adapted to cooperate with the bottom 111 of the groove 110 of the key 108 when the latter is present in the bore 105 of the rotor 104.
- the lengths of the pins 121 of the rotor are such that, their conical part being in contact with the mow 111 of the groove 110, thanks to the springs 116, in a position such as that which is represented in FIG. 2, all the faces 124 of the pins 121 are in line with the radial gap existing by construction between the stator 101 and the rotor 104: from then on, the rotor 104 can rotate in the stator 101; this rotation is obtained by simple rotation of the key, the key and the rotor 104 being integral in rotation thanks to the complementary sectors 107 carried by the key and the rotor 104, sectors which are not of revolution around the axis 102.
- the springs 116 urge the stator 114 and rotor pins 121 towards the axis 102 until the heads 122 come into abutment against the transverse face 126 separating the parts 119 and 120 of the holes 118 of the rotor 104. Consequently, the stator pins 114 extend partly in the holes 113 of the stator and partly in the holes 118 of the rotor, which stops the rotor 104 from rotating relative to the stator 101.
- Figure 2 relates to a variant lock according to the invention, allowing the use of a symmetrical key.
- the rotor 204 is crossed by a cylindrical axial bore 205 whose section is formed of two circular sectors 206A, 206B belonging to the same circle centered on the axis 202 of the rotor 204, which is also the axis of the stator 201 in which the rotor 204 is mounted, and two flats 207A, 207B, the two circular sectors 206A, 206B being symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry passing through the axis 202 and of which we see the trace 230 in the plane of Figure 3, the two dishes 207A, 207B being perpendicular to the trace 230 and facing each other.
- the bore 205 receives a cylindrical key 208 whose outer casing 209 has the shape complementary to the bore 205, apart from the mounting clearance, said casing 209 being hollowed out by a groove 210 extending circumferentially around the axis 202 and internally limited by a cylindrical bottom 211 whose section is an ellipse having its center on the axis 202 and a major axis 231 which is also an axis of symmetry for the ellipse 211.
- stator 201 and the rotor 204 are provided with radial holes, respectively 213 and 218, in which the stator pins 214 and rotor pins 221 are slidably mounted, biased towards the axis 202 by springs 216 which are supported on plugs 217, and constituting locking elements 227.
- the length of the rotor pins 221, the inclination of the major axis 231 of the ellipse 211, the geometric characteristics of the ellipse 211, in particular the length of its major axis and that of its minor axis, are chosen such that in a position, which is that of FIG. 3, the rotor pins 221 are all in line with the rotor-stator gap, to allow, when the key is present, the rotor 204 to be able to rotate in the stator 201.
- the pins are in one and the same plane, and three in number; of course, several plans can be provided, each containing two or more locking elements, this increasing the number of possible combinations, therefore of key variants.
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- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
Description
L'invention a pour objet un ensemble constitué d'un verrou et de sa clé associée, ledit verrou étant du type comportant un stator et un rotor monté dans ledit stator, ledit rotor étant muni d'un logement destiné à recevoir une clé adaptée à coopérer avec des éléments de condamnation prévus pour verrouiller ledit rotor par rapport audit stator lorsque la clé n'est pas présente dans ledit logement, et rendre libre le rotor de tourner par rapport audit stator lorsque la clé est présente dans ledit logement, comme précisé dans la première partie de la revendication 1.The subject of the invention is an assembly consisting of a lock and its associated key, said lock being of the type comprising a stator and a rotor mounted in said stator, said rotor being provided with a housing intended to receive a key suitable for cooperate with locking elements provided for locking said rotor relative to said stator when the key is not present in said housing, and making the rotor free to rotate relative to said stator when the key is present in said housing, as specified in the first part of claim 1.
Jusqu'ici, un tel verrou a été réalisé de différentes manières dans le but d'obtenir de nombreuses variations ou combinaisons de clés et de rotors associés.So far, such a lock has been produced in different ways in order to obtain numerous variations or combinations of keys and associated rotors.
On connaît des clés plates, à section rectangulaire, dont des indentations prévues sur la tranche de la clé ont des profondeurs et un positionnement sur la tranche variés pour obtenir différentes combinaisons : si la fabrication d'une telle clé est aisée et peu coûteuse, le nombre de combinaisons est réduit.Flat keys are known, with rectangular section, of which indentations provided on the edge of the key have varying depths and positioning on the edge to obtain different combinations: if the manufacture of such a key is easy and inexpensive, the number of combinations is reduced.
Pour augmenter le nombre de combinaisons, on a déjà réalisé des clés en forme de cylindre à la périphérie duquel sont ménagés des logements, destinés à recevoir les éléments de condamnation, répartis longitudinalement et angulairement ; ces logements ne communiquant pas entre eux ont rendu difficile l'obtention d'une telle clé par des moyens de fabrication limitant le prix de revient, une telle clé étant nécessairement obtenue par matriçage.To increase the number of combinations, keys have already been produced in the form of a cylinder at the periphery of which are housed, intended to receive the locking elements, distributed longitudinally and angularly; these housings which do not communicate with each other have made it difficult to obtain such a key by manufacturing means limiting the cost price, such a key being necessarily obtained by stamping.
La demande de brevet FR-A-2 450 929 a déjà décrit un ensemble constitué d'un verrou et de sa clé associée, ledit verrou comportant un stator et un rotor monté dans ledit stator, ledit rotor étant muni d'un logement axial d'axe rectiligne destiné à recevoir une clé, qui a sensiblement la même section droite que ledit logement et qui est adaptée à coopérer avec des éléments de condamnation, lesdits éléments de condamnation étant prévus pour verrouiller ledit rotor par rapport audit stator lorsque la clé n'est pas présente dans ledit logement et pour rendre le rotor libre de tourner par rapport audit stator lorsque la clé est présente dans ledit logement, ledit logement du rotor étant un alésage d'axe parallèle à l'axe commun du rotor et du stator, alésage dans lequel s'étendent les éléments de condamnation, dont au moins deux sont dans un même plan perpendiculaire à l'axe dudit logement. Malheureusement, la clé d'un tel ensemble est difficile à fabriquer et, par conséquent, onéreuse.Patent application FR-A-2 450 929 has already described an assembly consisting of a lock and its associated key, said lock comprising a stator and a rotor mounted in said stator, said rotor being provided with an axial housing d rectilinear axis intended to receive a key, which has substantially the same cross section as said housing and which is adapted to cooperate with locking elements, said locking elements being provided for locking said rotor relative to said stator when the key does is not present in said housing and to make the rotor free to rotate relative to said stator when the key is present in said housing, said rotor housing being a bore with an axis parallel to the common axis of the rotor and the stator, bore in which extend the locking elements, at least two of which are in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of said housing. Unfortunately, the key to such a set is difficult to manufacture and, therefore, expensive.
La présente invention a pour but de décrire un ensemble constitué d'un verrou et de sa clé associée du type ci-dessus, dont les combinaisons de clés sont nombreuses et dont la fabrication est aisée, donc peu onéreuse.The present invention aims to describe an assembly consisting of a lock and its associated key of the above type, whose key combinations are numerous and whose manufacture is easy, therefore inexpensive.
L'invention concerne donc un ensemble du type ci-dessus défini, caractérisé par le fait que le logement du rotor et la clé ont une section droite non circulaire et que ladite clé est creusée d'au moins une gorge périphérique circonférencielle limitée intérieurement par un fond, au moins deux éléments de condamnation situés dans un même plan perpendiculaire à l'axe du logement venant coopérer avec le fond lorsque la clé est présente dans le logement du rotor.The invention therefore relates to an assembly of the type defined above, characterized in that the housing of the rotor and the key have a non-circular cross section and that said key is hollowed out by at least one circumferential peripheral groove internally limited by a bottom, at least two locking elements located in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing coming to cooperate with the bottom when the key is present in the rotor housing.
Grâce à cette disposition, la gorge de la clé peut être réalisée par des moyens simples d'usinage et être taillée par tournage, ce qui minimise le prix de revient de l'ensemble du verrou et de la clé qui lui est associée.Thanks to this arrangement, the key groove can be produced by simple machining means and be cut by turning, which minimizes the cost price of the entire lock and the key associated with it.
Avantageusement, la section de l'alésage du rotor est, selon un premier secteur, un arc de cercle centré sur l'axe du rotor s'étendant sur moins de 360° et, selon un deuxième secteur, de forme quelconque différente d'un arc de cercle selon le cercle du premier secteur.Advantageously, the section of the rotor bore is, in a first sector, a circular arc centered on the axis of the rotor extending over less than 360 ° and, according to a second sector, of any shape other than a arc of a circle according to the circle of the first sector.
En variante, la section de l'alésage du rotor est formée de deux secteurs circulaires appartenant à un même cercle centré sur l'axe du rotor, et de deux plats.As a variant, the section of the rotor bore is formed of two circular sectors belonging to the same circle centered on the axis of the rotor, and of two flats.
De préférence, les deux plats se font face, les deux secteurs circulaires se faisant également face.Preferably, the two dishes face each other, the two circular sectors also facing each other.
Avantageusement, le fond de la gorge est de section circulaire et son axe est distinct de l'axe du rotor ; en variante, le fond de la gorge est elliptique, l'ellipse ayant son centre sur l'axe du rotor.Advantageously, the bottom of the groove is of circular section and its axis is distinct from the axis of the rotor; alternatively, the bottom of the groove is elliptical, the ellipse having its center on the axis of the rotor.
Les éléments de condamnation sont constitués de goupilles de stator et de goupilles de rotor montées coulissantes dans des perçages radiaux du stator et du rotor.The locking elements consist of stator pins and rotor pins slidably mounted in radial holes in the stator and the rotor.
L'invention a également pour objet une clé destinée à un ensemble, la surface-enveloppe de l'extérieur de la clé ayant un axe rectiligne et une section droite non circulaire, caractérisée par le fait que la clé est creusée d'au moins une gorge périphérique circonférentielle ayant un plan moyen perpendiculaire à l'axe de la clé.The invention also relates to a key intended for an assembly, the surface-envelope of the exterior of the key having a rectilinear axis and a non-circular cross section, characterized in that the key is hollowed out by at least one circumferential peripheral groove having a mean plane perpendicular to the axis of the key.
Dans une première variante de la clé selon l'invention, le fond d'une gorge a, perpendiculairement à l'axe de la surface-enveloppe de l'extérieur de la clé, une section circulaire, dont l'axe est distinct dudit axe de ladite surface-enveloppe.In a first variant of the key according to the invention, the bottom of a groove has, perpendicular to the axis of the surface-envelope of the exterior of the key, a circular section, the axis of which is distinct from said axis of said surface-envelope.
Dans une deuxième variante de la clé selon l'invention, le fond d'une gorge a, perpendiculairement à l'axe de la surface-enveloppe de l'extérieur de la clé, une section en forme d'ellipse, ladite ellipse ayant son centre sur ledit axe de ladite surface-enveloppe.In a second variant of the key according to the invention, the bottom of a groove has, perpendicular to the axis of the surface-envelope of the exterior of the key, an elliptical section, said ellipse having its center on said axis of said surface-envelope.
On appréciera que le verrou d'un tel ensemble est de fabrication peu onéreuse et permet de nombreuses combinaisons ; en outre, il est de longueur axiale faible et sa protection, en particulier à l'égard de l'eau ou de la poussière, peut être réalisée facilement ; pour cela, il suffit de monter un élément protecteur coulissant dans le logement de clé, ledit élément protecteur présentant une face de fermeture venant fermer le logement lorsque la clé n'est pas présente dans le logement, sous l'action de moyens élastiques agissant sur ledit élément protecteur.It will be appreciated that the lock of such an assembly is inexpensive to manufacture and allows numerous combinations; furthermore, it has a short axial length and its protection, in particular with regard to water or dust, can be easily achieved; for this, it suffices to mount a sliding protective element in the key housing, said protective element having a closing face closing the housing when the key is not present in the housing, under the action of elastic means acting on said protective element.
Il est utile de protéger le verrou, et en particulier ses éléments de condamnation, à l'égard de l'eau et de la poussière, par exemple lorsque le verrou est monté sur un véhicule automobile.It is useful to protect the lock, and in particular its locking elements, against water and dust, for example when the lock is mounted on a motor vehicle.
On a déjà équipé des verrous d'éléments de protection, mais jusqu'ici ces éléments de protection sont peu fiables et/ou encombrants ; en particulier dans l'application à un véhicule automobile, les verrous sont souvent de taille très réduite et il est difficile de les équiper d'un élément protecteur efficace.Locks have already been fitted with protective elements, but so far these protective elements are unreliable and / or bulky; in particular in the application to a motor vehicle, the locks are often very small in size and it is difficult to equip them with an effective protective element.
La présente invention résoud ce problème.The present invention solves this problem.
Ainsi, selon l'invention, le verrou d'un ensemble du type ci-dessus défini est davantage caractérisé par le fait qu'un élément protecteur est monté coulissant dans le logement de clé, ledit élément protecteur présentant une face de fermeture venant fermer le logement, lorsque la clé n'est pas présente dans le logement, sous l'action de moyens élastiques agissant sur ledit élément protecteur ; la section de l'élément protecteur est égale à celle du logement, au jeu de montage près ; la section du logement est d'une forme telle qu'elle permet l'entraînement en rotation du rotor par la clé.Thus, according to the invention, the lock of an assembly of the type defined above is further characterized by the fact that a protective element is slidably mounted in the key housing, said protective element having a closing face closing the housing, when the key is not present in the housing, under the action of elastic means acting on said protective element; the section of the protective element is equal to that of the housing, apart from the mounting clearance; the section of the housing is of a shape such that it allows the rotor to be driven in rotation by the key.
Avantageusement, les moyens élastiques agissant sur ledit élément protecteur prennent appui sur un bouchon fermant l'extrémité du logement opposée à celle qui permet l'introduction de la clé dans le logement.Advantageously, the elastic means acting on said protective element bear on a plug closing the end of the housing opposite to that which allows the introduction of the key into the housing.
Selon une forme préférée de réalisation, la face de fermeture est entourée par une plaque d'entrée solidaire du rotor ; la face extérieure de la plaque d'entrée a une forme facilitant l'introduction de la clé dans le logement.According to a preferred embodiment, the closing face is surrounded by an inlet plate integral with the rotor; the outer face of the entry plate has a shape facilitating the introduction of the key into the housing.
Pour mieux faire comprendre l'objet de l'invention, on va en décrire, maintenant, à titre d'exemple purement illustratif et non limitatif, deux modes de réalisation représentés sur le dessin annexé.To better understand the object of the invention, we will now describe, by way of purely illustrative and non-limiting example, two embodiments shown in the accompanying drawing.
Sur ce dessin :
- les figures 1 et 2 montrent, en coupe transversale, deux variantes de verrou selon l'invention, la clé étant présente dans le rotor et la coupe étant faite au droit d'une gorge que présente la clé.
- Figures 1 and 2 show, in cross section, two variants of a lock according to the invention, the key being present in the rotor and the cut being made in line with a groove that the key has.
La figure 1 représente, en coupe, un verrou 100 comprenant un stator 101 de section circulaire d'axe 102 ayant un alésage coaxial 103 dans lequel est monté à rotation un rotor 104 ; le rotor 104 est traversé par un alésage axial cylindrique 105 dont la section, non circulaire, est, selon un secteur 106, un arc de cercle centré sur l'axe 102 du rotor 104 et s'étendant sur moins de 360°, et, selon un autre secteur 107, de forme quelconque, en tout cas différente d'un arc de cercle selon le cercle du secteur 106. L'alésage 105 reçoit une clé 108 cylindrique dont l'enveloppe extérieure 109 a la forme complémentaire de l'alésage 105, au jeu de montage près, ladite enveloppe 109 étant creusée d'une gorge 110 s'étendant circonférentiellement à la périphérie de la clé 108 autour de l'axe 102 et limitée intérieurement par un fond 111 cylindrique de section circulaire dont l'axe 112 est distinct de l'axe 102 du rotor 104 et du stator 101.Figure 1 shows, in section, a
Le verrou 100 est muni d'éléments de condamnation 127 constitués, chacun, d'une paire de goupilles 114, 121.The
La paroi du stator 101 est munie de perçages cylindriques radiaux 113 dans lesquels sont montées coulissantes des goupilles 114 de stator en forme de cuvette ayant un fond 115 ; un ressort 116 s'appuie, d'une part, sur le fond 115 et, d'autre part, sur un bouchon 117 fermant l'alésage 113 à la périphérie du stator 101, le ressort 116 sollicitant les goupilles 114 vers l'axe 102 du stator.The wall of the
La paroi du rotor 104 est également munie de perçages cylindriques radiaux 118 ayant une première partie 119 de section égale à la section des alésages 114 du stator 101 et débouchant à la périphérie du rotor 104 vers le stator 101, et une deuxième partie 120, de même axe que la première partie 119 mais de section plus petite, et débouchant dans l'alésage 105 du rotor 104. Dans les perçages 118 sont montées coulissantes des goupilles 121 de rotor de forme cylindrique comprenant une tête 122 coulissant dans la partie 119 du perçage 118 et une queue 123 coulissant dans la partie 120 du perçage 118 ; la face 124 de la tête 122 est cylindrique et sa section transversale est un arc de cercle dont le rayon est égal à celui de l'alésage 103 du stator ; la queue 123 se termine par une extrémité conique 125 qui est adaptée à coopérer avec le fond 111 de la gorge 110 de la clé 108 lorsque celle-ci est présente dans l'alésage 105 du rotor 104. Les longueurs des goupilles 121 de rotor, compte tenu de leur positionnement circonférentiel, sont telles que, leur partie conique étant en contact avec le tond 111 de la gorge 110, grâce aux ressorts 116, dans une position telle que celle qui est représentée sur la figure 2, toutes les faces 124 des goupilles 121 sont au droit de l'interstice radial existant par construction entre le stator 101 et le rotor 104 : dès lors, le rotor 104 peut tourner dans le stator 101 ; cette rotation est obtenue par simple rotation de la clé, la clé et le rotor 104 étant solidaires en rotation grâce aux secteurs complémentaires 107 portés par la clé et le rotor 104, secteurs qui ne sont pas de révolution autour de l'axe 102.The wall of the
Lorsque la clé est retirée du verrou 100, les ressorts 116 sollicitent vers l'axe 102 les goupilles de stator 114 et de rotor 121 jusqu'à la venue en butée des têtes 122 contre la face transversale 126 séparant les parties 119 et 120 des perçages 118 du rotor 104. Dès lors, les goupilles de stator 114 s'étendent pour partie dans les perçages 113 du stator et pour partie dans les perçages 118 du rotor, ce qui bloque en rotation le rotor 104 par rapport au stator 101.When the key is removed from the
La figure 2 est relative à une variante de verrou selon l'invention, permettant l'utilisation d'une clé symétrique. Sur cette figure, le rotor 204 est traversé par un alésage axial cylindrique 205 dont la section est formée de deux secteurs circulaires 206A, 206B appartenant à un même cercle centré sur l'axe 202 du rotor 204, qui est aussi l'axe du stator 201 dans lequel le rotor 204 est monté, et de deux plats 207A, 207B, les deux secteurs circulaires 206A, 206B étant symétriques par rapport à un plan de symétrie passant par l'axe 202 et dont on voit la trace 230 dans le plan de la figure 3, les deux plats 207A, 207B étant perpendiculaires à la trace 230 et se faisant face.Figure 2 relates to a variant lock according to the invention, allowing the use of a symmetrical key. In this figure, the
L'alésage 205 reçoit une clé 208 cylindrique dont l'enveloppe extérieure 209 a la forme complémentaire de l'alésage 205, au jeu de montage près, ladite enveloppe 209 étant creusée d'une gorge 210 s'étendant circonférentiellement autour de l'axe 202 et limitée intérieurement par un fond 211 cylindrique dont la section est une ellipse ayant son centre sur l'axe 202 et un grand axe 231 qui est aussi un axe de symétrie pour l'ellipse 211.The
Comme dans la variante précédente, le stator 201 et le rotor 204 sont munis de perçages radiaux, respectivement 213 et 218, dans lesquels sont montées à coulissement des goupilles de stator 214 et de rotor 221, sollicitées vers l'axe 202 par des ressorts 216 qui prennent appui sur des bouchons 217, et constituant des éléments de condamnation 227.As in the previous variant, the
La longueur des goupilles 221 de rotor, l'inclinaison du grand axe 231 de l'ellipse 211, les caractéristiques géométriques de l'ellipse 211, notamment la longueur de son grand axe et celle de son petit axe, sont choisis de façon telle que dans une position, qui est celle de la figure 3, les goupilles de rotor 221 sont toutes au droit de l'interstice rotor-stator, pour permettre, lorsque la clé est présente, au rotor 204 de pouvoir tourner dans le stator 201.The length of the
Le fonctionnement de cette variante est identique à celui de la variante précédente ; ici, la clé est symétrique, ce qui rend son utilisation plus aisée, et sa copie plus difficile.The operation of this variant is identical to that of the previous variant; here, the key is symmetrical, which makes it easier to use and more difficult to copy.
Dans les exemples ci-dessus décrits et représentés, les goupilles sont dans un seul et même plan, et au nombre de trois ; bien entendu, plusieurs plans peuvent être prévus, chacun contenant deux ou plusieurs éléments de condamnation, ceci augmentant le nombre de combinaisons possibles, donc de variantes de clé.In the examples described and shown above, the pins are in one and the same plane, and three in number; of course, several plans can be provided, each containing two or more locking elements, this increasing the number of possible combinations, therefore of key variants.
Bien entendu, des longueurs différentes de goupilles de rotor participent, comme connu en soi, à cette augmentation du nombre de combinaisons. Dans un exemple de réalisation selon la figure 2, on a obtenu, avec 5 longueurs différentes de goupilles de rotor, deux gorges dans la clé et 3 éléments de condamnation par gorge, plus de 15000 combinaisons. Selon ces mêmes éléments, on a obtenu tout autant de combinaisons avec une réalisation à fond de gorge elliptique, selon la figure 2, cette dernière réalisation, symétrique, conduisant à disposer d'une clé également symétrique, ce qui rend plus confortable l'utilisation d'une telle clé.Of course, different lengths of rotor pins participate, as known per se, in this increase in the number of combinations. In an exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, there were obtained, with 5 different lengths of rotor pins, two grooves in the key and 3 locking elements per groove, more than 15,000 combinations. According to these same elements, just as many combinations were obtained with an embodiment at the bottom of an elliptical groove, according to FIG. 2, this latter embodiment, symmetrical, leading to having a key also symmetrical, which makes use more comfortable. of such a key.
On notera l'encombrement axial de tels verrous extérieurement réduit, donc également celui des clés, ce qui facilite l'implantation d'un élément protecteur.Note the axial size of such externally reduced locks, therefore also that of the keys, which facilitates the installation of a protective element.
Claims (16)
- Assembly consisting of a lock and of its associated key, the said lock including a stator (101, 201) and a rotor (104, 204) mounted in the said stator (101, 201), the said rotor (104, 204) being equipped with an axial housing (105, 205) of rectilinear axis intended to receive a key (108, 208) which has substantially the same cross-section as the said housing and which is designed to interact with barring elements (127, 227), the said barring elements being designed to lock the said rotor (104, 204) with respect to the said stator (101, 201) when the key (108, 208) is not present in the said housing (105, 205) and to make the rotor (104, 204) free to turn with respect to the said stator (101, 201) when the key is present in the said housing (105, 205), the said housing of the rotor (104, 204) being a bore of axis parallel to the common axis of the rotor and of the stator, in which bore the barring elements (127, 227) extend, at least two of which barring elements are in one and the same plane perpendicular to the axis (102, 202) of the said housing, characterized in that the housing (105, 205) of the rotor and the key (108, 208) have a non-circular cross-section and that the said key (108, 208) has at least one circumferential peripheral groove (110, 210) cut in it, the groove being bounded on the inside by a bottom (111, 211), at least two barring elements (127, 227) situated in one and the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing interacting with the said bottom when the key (108, 208) is present in the housing (105, 205) of the rotor (104, 204).
- Assembly according to Claim 1, characterized in that the section of the bore (105) of the rotor (104) is, on a first sector (106), an arc of a circle centred on the axis (102) of the rotor (104), extending over less than 360° and, on a second sector (107), of any shape other than an arc of a circle depending on the circle of the first sector (106).
- Assembly according to Claim 1, characterized in that the section of the bore (205) of the rotor (204) is formed of two circular sectors (206A, 206B) belonging to one and the same circle centred on the axis (202) of the rotor (204), and of two flats (207A, 207B).
- Assembly according to Claim 3, characterized in that the two flats (207A, 207B) face each other, the two circular sectors (206A, 206B) also facing each other.
- Assembly according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the bottom (111) of the groove (110) is of circular section and its axis (112) is distinct from the axis (102) of the rotor (104).
- Assembly according to Claim 3, characterized in that the bottom (211) of the groove (210) is elliptical, the ellipse having its centre on the axis (202) of the rotor (204).
- Assembly according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the barring elements (127, 227) consist of stator pins (114, 214) and of rotor pins (121, 221) mounted so that they can slide in radial drillings of the stator (101, 201) and of the rotor (104, 204).
- Assembly according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a protecting element is mounted so that it can slide in the housing (105, 205) for the key (108, 208), the said protecting element having a closure face which closes the housing (105, 205) when the key (108, 208) is not present in the housing (105, 205), under the action of elastic means acting on the said protecting element.
- Assembly according to Claim 8, characterized in that the section of the protecting element is equal to that of the housing to within a mounting clearance.
- Assembly according to either of Claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the section of the housing is of such a shape that it allows the rotor to be driven in rotation by the key.
- Assembly according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the elastic means bear against a plug which closes the opposite end of the housing to the one which allows the key to be inserted into the housing.
- Assembly according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the closure face is surrounded by a key plate secured to the rotor.
- Assembly according to Claim 12, characterized in that the outer face of the key plate has a shape which makes it easier to insert the key into the housing.
- Key intended for an assembly according to one of Claims 1 to 13, the envelope surface of the outside of the key having a rectilinear axis (102, 202) and a non-circular cross-section, characterized in that the key has at least one circumferential peripheral groove (110, 210) cut in it, this groove having a mean plane perpendicular to the axis of the key.
- Key according to Claim 14, intended for an assembly according to Claim 5, characterized in that the bottom (111) of a groove (110) has, perpendicular to the axis of the envelope surface of the outside of the key, a circular section, the axis (112) of which is distinct from the axis (102) of the said envelope surface.
- Key according to Claim 14, intended for an assembly according to Claim 6, characterized in that the bottom (211) of a groove (210) has, perpendicular to the axis (202) of the envelope surface of the outside of the key, a section in the shape of an ellipse, the said ellipse having its centre on the axis (202) of the said envelope surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9211579A FR2696206B1 (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1992-09-29 | Cylindrical lock provided with a rotor and a stator and key for such a lock. |
| FR9211579 | 1992-09-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0591036A1 EP0591036A1 (en) | 1994-04-06 |
| EP0591036B1 true EP0591036B1 (en) | 1997-08-27 |
Family
ID=9433993
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93402354A Expired - Lifetime EP0591036B1 (en) | 1992-09-29 | 1993-09-27 | Cylinder lock with rotor and stator, and key therefor |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0591036B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69313394T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2108842T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2696206B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202021003962U1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-02-21 | Marquardt Gmbh | Steering lock for a motor vehicle |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2093925A (en) * | 1936-05-18 | 1937-09-21 | New Haven Vibrator Company Inc | Cylinder lock |
| FR1201967A (en) * | 1957-09-03 | 1960-01-07 | Locking mechanism | |
| CH390718A (en) * | 1960-01-13 | 1965-04-15 | Doppler Wilhelm | Security lock with key |
| DE2923856A1 (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1980-09-18 | Talleres Escoriaza Sa | SAFETY LOCK |
-
1992
- 1992-09-29 FR FR9211579A patent/FR2696206B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-09-27 ES ES93402354T patent/ES2108842T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-27 DE DE1993613394 patent/DE69313394T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-27 EP EP93402354A patent/EP0591036B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2696206B1 (en) | 1994-12-09 |
| DE69313394D1 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
| FR2696206A1 (en) | 1994-04-01 |
| ES2108842T3 (en) | 1998-01-01 |
| DE69313394T2 (en) | 1998-03-05 |
| EP0591036A1 (en) | 1994-04-06 |
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