EP0590418B1 - High voltage tube - Google Patents

High voltage tube Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0590418B1
EP0590418B1 EP93114887A EP93114887A EP0590418B1 EP 0590418 B1 EP0590418 B1 EP 0590418B1 EP 93114887 A EP93114887 A EP 93114887A EP 93114887 A EP93114887 A EP 93114887A EP 0590418 B1 EP0590418 B1 EP 0590418B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage tube
tube according
vacuum
annular part
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93114887A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0590418A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Dr.-Ing. Schenk
Jens Ulrik Madsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales Electron Devices GmbH
Andrex Radiation Products AS
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Andrex Radiation Products AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4241572A external-priority patent/DE4241572A1/en
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH, Andrex Radiation Products AS filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of EP0590418A1 publication Critical patent/EP0590418A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0590418B1 publication Critical patent/EP0590418B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
    • H01J35/165—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith joining connectors to the tube

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-voltage tube according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • it relates to an X-ray tube.
  • Such an x-ray tube is e.g. from DE-PS 24 48 497 and the AEG telephony publication "X-ray tubes in metal-ceramic technology" June 1983, Figure 3 known.
  • the aim of such tubes is to further improve the high voltage strength and to build the tubes smaller and to be able to operate them at higher voltages.
  • the present invention has for its object to further increase the high voltage strength in a tube mentioned above.
  • the inserted metallic tube section causes a homogenization of the electrical field profile and reduces the risk that irregular and increased field strength loads occur in the fastening area of the electrode bushing on the inner circumference of the opening of the ring-shaped insulator, which can lead to high voltage breakdowns.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically in cross section the cathode end of an X-ray tube.
  • the vacuum housing is formed by the essentially cylindrical outer jacket 2 made of metal, the disk-shaped insulator 3 made of ceramic and the bushing 1 arranged in the central opening of the insulator 3, which is tubular and carries the cathode 8 on the vacuum side.
  • the metal-ceramic connections are designed to be vacuum-tight and, for example, designed as soldered connections.
  • the metal outer jacket 2 is at ground potential and the cathode bushing 1 is at a strong negative potential of, for example, -300 to -450 kilovolts.
  • an Extension 5 may be arranged, which has a shielding effect against secondary electrons.
  • the cathode coil located in the vacuum space 7 is designated by 8.
  • the tube is essentially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis 9 of the tube.
  • this insulating disk 3 is divided into two ring parts 31 and 32 arranged concentrically to one another and a metallic tube section 4 is interposed.
  • the connections between this pipe section 4 and the ceramic ring parts 31 and 32 are vacuum-tight, in particular soldered connections.
  • the pipe section preferably has an approximately funnel-shaped extension 6 which projects into the vacuum space 7 and which has shielding effects and influences which influence the electrical field.
  • the tube section 4 can furthermore be expedient to apply an externally supplied potential to this tube section 4, which is readily possible in the exemplary embodiment shown since the tube section 4 soldered in a vacuum-tight manner can be contacted from the outside. It is with an appropriate choice the magnitude of the applied voltage, which must have a value between the voltage on the outer jacket 2 and the cathode bushing 1, makes it possible to reduce the electric field strength in the critical region of the bushing 1.
  • the voltage applied to the pipe section 4 can be, for example, -200KV if a voltage of -400 KV compared to the ground potential OV is applied to the outer jacket of the bushing 1.
  • the field strength in the particularly critical area in which the bushing 1 is passed through the ceramic disk 3 can be reduced by up to approximately 30%.
  • the tube section 4 can also consist only of a solder metal layer with which the concentric ring parts 31 and 32 are connected to one another in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show further preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention, the same numbers being used for the same.
  • the ring parts 31 and 32 made of insulating material overlap in the radial direction, ie the inner diameter of the outer ring part 32 is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner ring part 31.
  • the ring parts 31 and 32 are in the direction of the tube longitudinal axis 9 staggered.
  • the inner ring part 31 is arranged closer to the cathode 8.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the outer ring part 32 is arranged closer to the cathode 8.
  • the pipe section 4 each has a shoulder that changes its diameter.
  • the potential of the metallic pipe section 4 is expediently to be selected with regard to the maximum field strength that occurs on the outer insulating ring part, that is on the outer surface of the interposed metallic pipe section 4.
  • the section of the cathode side is one X-ray tube constructed essentially rotationally symmetrical to the longitudinal axis 9 of the tube.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Hochspannungsröhre nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Insbesondere betrifft sie eine Röntgenröhre. Eine derartige Röntgenröhre ist z.B. aus der DE-PS 24 48 497 und der AEG-Telefunkenschrift "Röntgenröhren in Metallkeramiktechnik" Juni 1983, Abbildung 3 bekannt.The present invention relates to a high-voltage tube according to the preamble of claim 1. In particular, it relates to an X-ray tube. Such an x-ray tube is e.g. from DE-PS 24 48 497 and the AEG telephony publication "X-ray tubes in metal-ceramic technology" June 1983, Figure 3 known.

Das Bestreben bei solchen Röhren geht dahin die Hochspannungsfestigkeit weiter zu verbessern und die Röhren kleiner zu bauen und mit höheren Spannungen betreiben zu können.The aim of such tubes is to further improve the high voltage strength and to build the tubes smaller and to be able to operate them at higher voltages.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer eingangs genannten Röhre die Hochspannungsfestigkeit weiter zu erhöhen.The present invention has for its object to further increase the high voltage strength in a tube mentioned above.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Der eingefügte metallische Rohrabschnitt bewirkt eine Homogenisierung des elektrischen Feldverlaufs und verringert die Gefahr, daß insbesondere im Befestigungsbereich der Elektrodendurchführung am inneren Umfang der Öffnung des ringscheibenförmigen Isolators unregelmäßige und erhöhte Feldstärkebelastungen auftreten die zu Hochspannungsdurchbrüchen führen können.The inserted metallic tube section causes a homogenization of the electrical field profile and reduces the risk that irregular and increased field strength loads occur in the fastening area of the electrode bushing on the inner circumference of the opening of the ring-shaped insulator, which can lead to high voltage breakdowns.

Anhand der in den Figuren 1, 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele wird die Erfindung nachfolgend näher erklärt.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.

Die Figur 1 zeigt schematisch im Querschnitt das kathodenseitige Ende einer Röntgenröhre. Das Vakuumgehäuse wird durch den im wesentlichen zylindrischen Außenmantel 2 aus Metall, den scheibenförmigen Isolator 3 aus Keramik und die in der zentralen öffnung des Isolators 3 angeordnete Durchführung 1, die rohrförmig ausgebildet ist und vakuumseitig 7 die Kathode 8 trägt, gebildet. Die Metall-Keramik-Verbindungen sind vakuumdicht ausgeführt und beispielsweise als Lötverbindungen ausgebildet. Üblicherweise liegt der metallene Außenmantel 2 auf Massepotential und die Kathodendurchführung 1 auf einem dagegen starken negativen Potential von z.B. -300 bis -450 Kilovolt. An der Innenfläche des Außenmantels 2 kann noch ein ringförmiger Fortsatz 5 angeordnet sein, dem eine Abschirmwirkung gegen Sekundärelektronen zukommt. Mit 8 ist die im Vakuumraum 7 befindliche Kathodenwendel bezeichnet. Die Röhre ist im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch zur Röhrenlängsachse 9 aufgebaut.Figure 1 shows schematically in cross section the cathode end of an X-ray tube. The vacuum housing is formed by the essentially cylindrical outer jacket 2 made of metal, the disk-shaped insulator 3 made of ceramic and the bushing 1 arranged in the central opening of the insulator 3, which is tubular and carries the cathode 8 on the vacuum side. The metal-ceramic connections are designed to be vacuum-tight and, for example, designed as soldered connections. Usually, the metal outer jacket 2 is at ground potential and the cathode bushing 1 is at a strong negative potential of, for example, -300 to -450 kilovolts. On the inner surface of the outer shell 2 can still be an Extension 5 may be arranged, which has a shielding effect against secondary electrons. The cathode coil located in the vacuum space 7 is designated by 8. The tube is essentially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis 9 of the tube.

Zur Verbesserung der Hochspannungsfestigkeit, insbesondere zur Homogenisierung und Verringerung der Feldstärke im Bereich der Verbindung zwischen der zentralen Kathodendurchführung 1 und der keramischen Isolierscheibe 3 ist diese Isolierscheibe 3 in zwei zueinander konzentrisch angeordneten Ringteile 31 und 32 aufgeteilt und ein metallischer Rohrabschnitt 4 zwischengefügt. Die Verbindungen zwischen diesem Rohrabschnitt 4 und den Keramikringteilen 31 und 32 sind vakuumdicht, insbesondere Lötverbindungen. Bevorzugt besitzt der Rohrabschnitt einen sich etwa trichterförmig erweiternden, in den Vakuumraum 7 hineinragenden Fortsatz 6, dem abschirmende und das elektrische Feld beeinflussende Wirkungen zukommen.To improve the high-voltage strength, in particular to homogenize and reduce the field strength in the area of the connection between the central cathode bushing 1 and the ceramic insulating disk 3, this insulating disk 3 is divided into two ring parts 31 and 32 arranged concentrically to one another and a metallic tube section 4 is interposed. The connections between this pipe section 4 and the ceramic ring parts 31 and 32 are vacuum-tight, in particular soldered connections. The pipe section preferably has an approximately funnel-shaped extension 6 which projects into the vacuum space 7 and which has shielding effects and influences which influence the electrical field.

Der rotationssymmetrisch zur Längsachse 9 angeordnete Rohrabschnitt 4 stellt sicher, daß sich an ihm ein bestimmtes Potential einstellt und somit eine gewisse Homogenisierung des elektrischen Hochspannungsfeldes zwischen dem Außenmantel 2 und der Kathodendurchführung 1 bewirkt wird.The pipe section 4, which is arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis 9, ensures that a certain potential is established at it and thus a certain homogenization of the high-voltage electrical field between the outer jacket 2 and the cathode bushing 1 is brought about.

Es kann weiterhin zweckmäßig sein, an diesen Rohrabschnitt 4 ein von außen zugeführtes Potential anzulegen, was bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ohne weiteres möglich ist da der vakuumdicht eingelötete Rohrabschnitt 4 von außen kontaktierbar ist. Es ist bei geeigneter Wahl der Größe der angelegten Spannung, die einen Wert zwischen der Spannung an dem Außenmantel 2 und der Kathodendurchführung 1 aufweisen muß, möglich, die elektrische Feldstärke im kritischen Bereich der Durchführung 1 zu verringern. Je nach Durchmesser des Rohrabschnitts 4 im Vergleich zu den Durchmessern der Durchführung 1 und des Außenmantels 2 kann die an Rohrabschnitt 4 angelegte Spannung z.B. -200KV betragen, wenn an die Durchführung 1 eine Spannung von -400 KV gegenüber dem Massepotential OV am Außenmantel angelegt ist. Bei optimierter Lage und Spannung des Rohrabschnittes 4 kann die Feldstärke in dem besonders kritischen Bereich, in dem die Durchführung 1 durch die Keramikscheibe 3 hindurchgeführt ist bis zu etwa 30% reduziert werden.It can furthermore be expedient to apply an externally supplied potential to this tube section 4, which is readily possible in the exemplary embodiment shown since the tube section 4 soldered in a vacuum-tight manner can be contacted from the outside. It is with an appropriate choice the magnitude of the applied voltage, which must have a value between the voltage on the outer jacket 2 and the cathode bushing 1, makes it possible to reduce the electric field strength in the critical region of the bushing 1. Depending on the diameter of the pipe section 4 compared to the diameters of the bushing 1 and the outer jacket 2, the voltage applied to the pipe section 4 can be, for example, -200KV if a voltage of -400 KV compared to the ground potential OV is applied to the outer jacket of the bushing 1. With an optimized position and tension of the pipe section 4, the field strength in the particularly critical area in which the bushing 1 is passed through the ceramic disk 3 can be reduced by up to approximately 30%.

Gegebenenfalls kann es zweckmäßig sein, die Isolierscheibe 3 durch zwei oder mehrere Rohrabschnitte in 3 oder mehr konzentrisch zueinander angeordnete ringförmige Isolierteil aufzuteilen. Auch kann der Rohrabschnitt 4 lediglich aus einer Lötmetallschicht bestehen, mit der die konzentrischen Ringteile 31 und 32 vakuumdicht miteinander verbunden sind.If necessary, it may be expedient to divide the insulating disk 3 by two or more pipe sections into 3 or more annular insulating parts arranged concentrically to one another. The tube section 4 can also consist only of a solder metal layer with which the concentric ring parts 31 and 32 are connected to one another in a vacuum-tight manner.

In den Figuren 2 und 3 sind weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt, wobei gleiche Ziffern für gleiche verwendet sind.FIGS. 2 and 3 show further preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention, the same numbers being used for the same.

In Figur 2 überlappen sich die Ringteile 31 und 32 aus Isoliermaterial in radialer Richtung, d.h. der Innendurchmesser das äußeren Ringteils 32 ist kleiner als der Außendurchmesser des inneren Ringteils 31. Zusätzlich sind die Ringteile 31 und 32 in Richtung der Röhrenlängsachse 9 versetzt zueinander angeordnet. Das innere Ringteil 31 ist bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel näher zur Kathode 8 hin angeordnet.In FIG. 2, the ring parts 31 and 32 made of insulating material overlap in the radial direction, ie the inner diameter of the outer ring part 32 is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner ring part 31. In addition, the ring parts 31 and 32 are in the direction of the tube longitudinal axis 9 staggered. In this exemplary embodiment, the inner ring part 31 is arranged closer to the cathode 8.

In Figur 3 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigt, bei dem das äußere Ringteil 32 näher zur Kathode 8 hin angeordnet ist. Der Rohrabschnitt 4 weist jeweils einen dessen Durchmesser ändernden Absatz auf.FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the outer ring part 32 is arranged closer to the cathode 8. The pipe section 4 each has a shoulder that changes its diameter.

Das Potential des metallischen Rohrabschnitts 4 ist zweckmäßig mit Rücksicht auf die maximale Feldstärke zu wählen, die an dem äußeren isolierenden Ringteil auftritt, das ist an der äußeren Oberfläche des zwischengefügten metallischen Rohrabschnittes 4. Auch in den Figuren 2 und 3 ist ausschnittsweise der kathodenseitige Bereich einer im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch zur Röhrenlängsachse 9 aufgebauten Röntgenröhre dargestellt.The potential of the metallic pipe section 4 is expediently to be selected with regard to the maximum field strength that occurs on the outer insulating ring part, that is on the outer surface of the interposed metallic pipe section 4. Also in FIGS. 2 and 3, the section of the cathode side is one X-ray tube constructed essentially rotationally symmetrical to the longitudinal axis 9 of the tube.

Claims (10)

  1. High-voltage tube of concentric construction, the vacuum casing of which comprises a metallic cylindrical outer jacket, an annular disc-shaped insulating disc and a rod-shaped or tubular central electrode collar, wherein the insulating disc is vacuum-tightly connected outwardly at the circumference with the outer jacket and vacuum-tightly at the inner circumference with the electrode collar, characterised thereby that the insulating disc (3) is divided by at least one vacuum-tightly inserted metallic pipe portion (4) into at least two annular parts (31 and 32) arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis (9).
  2. High-voltage tube according to claim 1, characterised thereby that the electrode collar (1) lies at a strong negative potential relative to the outer jacket (2).
  3. High-voltage tube according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised thereby that the cylindrical pipe portion (4) comprises a projection (6) protruding into the vacuum space (7).
  4. High-voltage tube according to claim 3, characterised thereby that the projection (6) is constructed to widen out in funnel shape.
  5. High-voltage tube according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised thereby that the pipe portion (4) lies at a potential which is more positive than the potential of the collar (1) and more negative than the potential of the outer jacket (2).
  6. High-voltage tube according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised by the construction as an X-ray tube in which the electrode collar (1) is constructed as a support for the cathode arranged in the vacuum interior.
  7. High-voltage tube according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised thereby that the annular parts (31, 32) are arranged to be offset relative to one another in direction of the longitudinal axis (9).
  8. High-voltage tube according to claim 7, characterised thereby that the inner diameter of the outer annular part (32) is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner annular part (31).
  9. High voltage tube according to claim 7 or 8, characterised thereby that the inner annular part (31) is arranged closer to the cathode (8) than the outer annular part (32).
  10. High voltage tube according to claim 7 or 8, characterised thereby that the inner annular part (31) is arranged further from the cathode (8) than the outer annular part (32).
EP93114887A 1992-10-02 1993-09-16 High voltage tube Expired - Lifetime EP0590418B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4233206 1992-10-02
DE4233206 1992-10-02
DE4241572A DE4241572A1 (en) 1992-10-02 1992-12-10 High voltage tube
DE4241572 1992-12-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0590418A1 EP0590418A1 (en) 1994-04-06
EP0590418B1 true EP0590418B1 (en) 1996-08-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93114887A Expired - Lifetime EP0590418B1 (en) 1992-10-02 1993-09-16 High voltage tube

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US (1) US5402464A (en)
EP (1) EP0590418B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3592352B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5898754A (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-04-27 X-Ray And Specialty Instruments, Inc. Method and apparatus for making a demountable x-ray tube
EP1537594B1 (en) * 2002-09-09 2006-01-25 Comet Holding AG High-voltage vacuum tube
US7186084B2 (en) * 2003-11-19 2007-03-06 General Electric Company Hot gas path component with mesh and dimpled cooling
US6984102B2 (en) * 2003-11-19 2006-01-10 General Electric Company Hot gas path component with mesh and turbulated cooling
US6901136B1 (en) * 2003-12-02 2005-05-31 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co., Llc X-ray tube system and apparatus with conductive proximity between cathode and electromagnetic shield
JP2007066694A (en) * 2005-08-31 2007-03-15 Hamamatsu Photonics Kk X-ray tube
US7702077B2 (en) * 2008-05-19 2010-04-20 General Electric Company Apparatus for a compact HV insulator for x-ray and vacuum tube and method of assembling same
JP2016186880A (en) * 2015-03-27 2016-10-27 東芝電子管デバイス株式会社 X-ray tube
CN104889519B (en) * 2015-04-24 2016-04-13 黄石上方检测设备有限公司 A kind of manufacture method of metal-ceramic X-ray tube
CN116994930A (en) * 2020-05-18 2023-11-03 上海联影医疗科技股份有限公司 X-ray tube and medical imaging apparatus

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NL22932C (en) * 1926-03-04
US2202687A (en) * 1936-12-16 1940-05-28 Philips Nv High-voltage discharge tube
US2238319A (en) * 1940-07-12 1941-04-15 Picker X Ray Corp Cable contact
DE1866378U (en) * 1962-04-04 1963-01-31 Philips Nv ROENTGEN PIPE WITH A DISCHARGE AREA SURROUNDED BY A METAL WALL.
GB1458027A (en) * 1973-01-08 1976-12-08 Philips Electronic Associated Electric discharge vacuum tube
DE2448497C3 (en) * 1974-10-11 1986-02-13 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt X-ray source with an X-ray tube having an evacuated cylindrical metal part and with at least one connection part
DE2506841C2 (en) * 1975-02-18 1986-07-03 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg High voltage vacuum tube
FR2399124A1 (en) * 1977-07-29 1979-02-23 Radiologie Cie Gle ROTATING ANODE X-RAY TUBE
DE3116169A1 (en) * 1981-04-23 1982-11-11 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg HIGH VOLTAGE VACUUM TUBES, ESPECIALLY X-RAY TUBES
DE3142281A1 (en) * 1981-10-24 1983-05-05 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg X-RAY TUBES WITH A METAL PART AND AN ELECTRODE LEADING HIGH VOLTAGE POSITIVE TO THE METAL PART

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06318440A (en) 1994-11-15
JP3592352B2 (en) 2004-11-24
EP0590418A1 (en) 1994-04-06
US5402464A (en) 1995-03-28

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