EP0589781B1 - Gel décontaminant réducteur et son utilisation pour la décontamination de surfaces - Google Patents
Gel décontaminant réducteur et son utilisation pour la décontamination de surfaces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0589781B1 EP0589781B1 EP19930402307 EP93402307A EP0589781B1 EP 0589781 B1 EP0589781 B1 EP 0589781B1 EP 19930402307 EP19930402307 EP 19930402307 EP 93402307 A EP93402307 A EP 93402307A EP 0589781 B1 EP0589781 B1 EP 0589781B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gel
- oxidizing
- agent
- mol
- reducing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a reducing decontaminating gel usable for decontamination radioactive from surfaces, in particular of metallic surfaces covered by a layer very adherent surface of metallic oxides.
- the metal surfaces of these primary circuits which are usually made of stainless steel, Incoloy® or Inconel®, are generally covered with deposits of iron, chromium and nickel oxides which can be in various forms, for example in the form of nickel ferrite NiFe 2 O 4 , magnetite Fe 3 O 4 , nickel ferrite and chromium, chromium ferrite FeCr 2 O 4 , nickel chromite NiCr 2 O 4 and chromium oxide Cr 2 O 3 .
- an oxidizing decontaminating gel can be used, as described in FR-A-2 656 949.
- this oxidizing gel which makes it possible to remove the radioactive elements deposited on the part as well as the encrusted elements on its surface, does not have sufficient effectiveness with respect to the adherent metal oxide layers deposited on the surface of alloys such as austenitic steels, the Inconel 600 and the Incoloy.
- the oxide layers deposited on these metal surfaces contain radioactive elements such as 58 Co, 60 Co and 51 Cr which are emitters of gamma photons which it is therefore important to eliminate.
- the present invention has precisely for object a reducing decontaminating gel which allows to remove these adherent metal oxide layers.
- a gel is a solution colloidal whose phases are difficult to define due to the molecular weight of the colloid and its state of significant dispersion in solution.
- This gel structure is obtained by adding component a) to an aqueous solution, that is to say an inorganic gelling agent which does not oxidize, resists components b) and c), and has a high specific surface. , for example greater than 100m 2 / g.
- the content of gelling agent in the solution colloidal is chosen so as to obtain a viscosity sufficient to maintain the gel in layers on the surface of a room.
- the gel has a viscosity at least equal to 350mPa.s at the time of use to be able to apply it easily on the surface of a part, for example by projection with a pistol.
- the agent content gelling agent represents 20 to 30% by weight of the solution ; it depends in particular on the gelling agent used.
- the gelling agent is based on alumina Al 2 O 3 and it can be obtained by hydrolysis at high temperature.
- a gelling agent which can be used mention may be made of the product sold under the trade name Alumina C.
- the inorganic base used in the gel decontaminant of the invention can be in particular NaOH or KOH.
- NaOH is used in particular at concentrations from 7 to 10mol / l to obtain a pH at least 13.
- the reducing agent used in the gel of the invention is a reducing agent having a normal redox potential E 0 less than -600mV / ENH (normal hydrogen electrode) in a strong base medium (pH ⁇ 13).
- reducing agents borohydrides, sulfites, hydrosulfites, sulfides, hypophosphites, zinc and hydrazine.
- the pH of the colloidal solution is preferably greater than or equal to 14 for that the borohydride remains stable.
- Decontaminant reducing gels the invention can be prepared in a simple way adding to an aqueous solution of the constituent b), i.e. inorganic base, the agent reducing agent and gelling agent. Generally, we add the reducing agent before the gelling agent.
- the use, in the first step, of a reducing gel at pH ⁇ 13 according to the invention makes it possible to weaken and move the adherent surface metal oxide layers which are not sensitive to the action oxidizing decontaminating gels.
- oxides such as nickel ferrite NiFe 2 O 4 and magnetite Fe 3 O 4 to reduce Fe III to Fe II .
- the action of the oxidizing gel in an acid medium for example HNO 3 at a concentration of 5 to 10 mol / l, makes it possible to oxidize the chromites which are rather within the deep oxide layer.
- an acid medium for example HNO 3 at a concentration of 5 to 10 mol / l
- an oxidizing gel is used the decontaminating gels described in particular in FR-A-2 656 949.
- oxidizing gels we may cite those in which the gelling agent is silica based, inorganic acid is acid nitric and the oxidizing agent is cerium sulfate.
- the action of the reducing gel in the first step alone is not decisive, but following of this first step of reducing treatment, the application of the oxidizing gel in an acid medium allows achieve average decontamination factors 2.7 instead of 1.2 when using the oxidizing gel only.
- decontamination factors can be reached from 20 to 50.
- the process of the invention is therefore very interesting because it allows obtaining excellent results, cold and with small quantities of reagent.
- the application of the different gels to the metal surface to be decontaminated can be carried out by conventional methods, for example by spraying with a spray gun, by soaking and draining, by packaging or even by means of a brush.
- the gel is applied by spraying with a spray gun, for example under a pressure (Airless compressor) at the level of the injector ranging from 50 to 100 kg / cm 2 .
- the reducing gel R1 is deposited thereon by spraying with a spray gun so as to deposit 800g of gel per m 2 of surface and the gel is kept on the surface for 2 hours. .
- a rinse is then carried out with demineralized water using 5 l of water per m 2 of surface.
- the oxidizing gel 01 is then applied to the thus rinsed surface by spraying with a spray gun as above and it is also maintained on the surface of the part for 2 hours using an amount of 800 g of gel per m 2 of surface.
- a rinse is then carried out with demineralized water as above.
- the oxidizing gel is the oxidizing gel 02 of table 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
- borohydrure (borate) : (BH4 -/H2BO3 -) : E0/ENH = -1240mV,
- sulfite (sulfate) (SO3 2-/SO4 2-) : E0/ENH = - 930mV,
- hydrosulfite (sulfite) (S2O4 2-/SO3 2-) : E0/ENH = -1120mV,
- hydrazine (azote) (NH2NH3 +/N2) : E0/ENH = -1150mV,
- hypophosphite (phosphite) (H2PO2 -/HPO3 2-) : E0/ENH = 1650mV,
- sulfure/sulfite (S2-/SO3 2-) : E0/ENH = - 610mV
- zinc (Zn/ZnO2 2-) : E0/ENH = -1215mV en milieu base forte (pH≥13).
- 25% en poids d'agent gélifiant à base de silice commercialisée sous le nom TIXOSIL® 331,
- 10mol/l de HNO3, et
- 0,5mol/l de sulfate de cérium (IV).
- 28% en poids de TIXOSIL 331,
- 7mol/l de HNO3, et
- 0,5mol/l de nitrate d'ammonium et de cérium.
- 25% en poids d'alumine C,
- 10mol/l de NaOH, et
- 0,77mol/l de Na2S.
- 25% en poids d'Alumine C,
- 7,5mol/l de NaOH, et
- 0,5mol/l de Na2S2O4.
- 25% en poids d'Alumine C,
- 10mol/l de NaOH, et
- 2mol/l d'hydrazine.
Claims (10)
- Gel décontaminant réducteur constitué par une solution colloïdale de pH au moins égal à 13 comprenant :a) 20 à 30% en poids d'un agent gélifiant inorganique,b) 0,1 à 14 mol/l d'une base inorganique, etc) 0,1 à 4,5mol/l d'un agent réducteur ayant un potentiel d'oxydoréduction E0 inférieur à - 600mV/ENH en milieu base forte (pH≥13).
- Gel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'agent gélifiant est à base d'alumine.
- Gel selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la base inorganique est NaOH ou KOH.
- Gel selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'agent réducteur est choisi parmi les borohydrures, les sulfites, les hydrosulfites, les sulfures, les hypophosphites, le zinc et l'hydrazine.
- Gel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'agent réducteur est le borohydrure de sodium et en ce que le pH de la solution colloïdale est supérieur ou égal à 14.
- Gel décontaminant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'agent gélifiant est à base d'alumine, la base inorganique est NaOH et l'agent réducteur est le borohydrure de sodium, le sulfure de sodium, l'hydrosulfite de sodium ou l'hydrazine.
- Procédé de décontamination d'une surface métallique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes successives suivantes :1) appliquer sur la surface à décontaminer un gel décontaminant réducteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, maintenir ce gel sur la surface pendant une durée allant de 10min à 5h et rincer la surface métallique pour éliminer ce gel réducteur, et2) appliquer sur la surface ainsi traitée un gel oxydant en milieu acide, maintenir ce gel sur la surface pendant une durée allant de 30min à 5h et rincer la surface métallique ainsi traitée pour éliminer ce gel oxydant.
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le gel oxydant est constitué par une solution colloïdale comprenant :a) 8 à 25% en poids d'un agent gélifiant inorganique,b) 3 à 10mol/l d'un acide inorganique, etc) 0,1 à 1mol/l d'un agent oxydant ayant un potentiel normal d'oxydoréduction E0 supérieur à 1400mV/ENH en milieu acide fort (pH<1).
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le gel oxydant est constitué par une solution colloïdale comprenant :a) 8 à 25% en poids d'un agent gélifiant inorganique,b) 3 à 10mol/l d'un acide inorganique,c) 0,1 à 1mol/l de la forme réduite d'un agent oxydant ayant un potentiel normal d'oxydoréduction E0 supérieur à 1400mV/ENH en milieu acide fort (pH<1), etd) 0,1 à 1mol/l d'un composé capable d'oxyder la forme réduite de cet agent oxydant.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que, dans Le gel oxydant, l'agent gélifiant est à base de silice, l'acide inorganique est l'acide nitrique et l'agent oxydant est le sulfate de cérium.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9211317 | 1992-09-23 | ||
| FR9211317A FR2695839B1 (fr) | 1992-09-23 | 1992-09-23 | Gel décontaminant réducteur et son utilisation pour la décontamination de surface notamment d'installations nucléaires. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0589781A1 EP0589781A1 (fr) | 1994-03-30 |
| EP0589781B1 true EP0589781B1 (fr) | 1999-03-31 |
Family
ID=9433783
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19930402307 Expired - Lifetime EP0589781B1 (fr) | 1992-09-23 | 1993-09-21 | Gel décontaminant réducteur et son utilisation pour la décontamination de surfaces |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0589781B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69324203T2 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2132203T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2695839B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2746328B1 (fr) * | 1996-03-21 | 1998-05-29 | Stmi Soc Tech Milieu Ionisant | Gel organomineral de decontamination et son utilisation pour la decontamination de surfaces |
| FR2798603B1 (fr) | 1999-09-20 | 2002-03-01 | Tech En Milieu Ionisant Stmi S | Gel organique de decontamination et son utilisation pour la decontamination de surfaces |
| US6852903B1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2005-02-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Decontamination of chemical warfare agents using a reactive sorbent |
| FR2827530B1 (fr) * | 2001-07-17 | 2004-05-21 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de traitement d'une surface par un gel de traitement, et gel de traitement |
| FR2891470B1 (fr) * | 2005-10-05 | 2007-11-23 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Gel aspirable pour la decontamination de surfaces et utilisation |
| FR2962046B1 (fr) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-08-17 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Gel de decontamination biologique et procede de decontamination de surfaces utilisant ce gel. |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3080262A (en) * | 1959-04-07 | 1963-03-05 | Purex Corp | Process for removal of radioactive contaminants from surfaces |
| FR2641895A1 (fr) * | 1989-01-19 | 1990-07-20 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de decontamination radioactive de surface metallique, notamment de portions de circuits primaires de reacteurs nucleaires refroidis a l'eau |
| FR2656949B1 (fr) * | 1990-01-09 | 1994-03-25 | Commissariat A Energie Atomique | Gel decontaminant et son utilisation pour la decontamination radioactive de surfaces. |
| US5078894A (en) * | 1990-04-30 | 1992-01-07 | Arch Development Corporation | Formulations for iron oxides dissolution |
-
1992
- 1992-09-23 FR FR9211317A patent/FR2695839B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-09-21 DE DE1993624203 patent/DE69324203T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-09-21 EP EP19930402307 patent/EP0589781B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-09-21 ES ES93402307T patent/ES2132203T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69324203D1 (de) | 1999-05-06 |
| ES2132203T3 (es) | 1999-08-16 |
| EP0589781A1 (fr) | 1994-03-30 |
| FR2695839B1 (fr) | 1994-10-14 |
| DE69324203T2 (de) | 1999-09-30 |
| FR2695839A1 (fr) | 1994-03-25 |
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