EP0588150A1 - Verfahren zur Auswahl und getrennte Sammlung von Festabfall - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Auswahl und getrennte Sammlung von Festabfall Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0588150A1
EP0588150A1 EP93113956A EP93113956A EP0588150A1 EP 0588150 A1 EP0588150 A1 EP 0588150A1 EP 93113956 A EP93113956 A EP 93113956A EP 93113956 A EP93113956 A EP 93113956A EP 0588150 A1 EP0588150 A1 EP 0588150A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
belt
procedure
conveyor
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93113956A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0588150B1 (de
Inventor
Alfonso Ing. Colli
Giampaolo Ing. Mazza
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STUDIO PROFESSIONALE DR. ING. COLLI, ALFONSO
Original Assignee
STUDIO PROFESSIONALE DR ING COLLI Alfonso
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STUDIO PROFESSIONALE DR ING COLLI Alfonso filed Critical STUDIO PROFESSIONALE DR ING COLLI Alfonso
Publication of EP0588150A1 publication Critical patent/EP0588150A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0588150B1 publication Critical patent/EP0588150B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory

Definitions

  • the procedure subject of this present invention concerns the recovery of solid waste, finalized in particular at selectively recycling the waste.
  • non-biodegradable waste such as that from the demolition of buildings, construction sites, special waste from manufacturing, and pre-selected dry solid urban waste.
  • non-biodegradable waste such as that from the demolition of buildings, construction sites, special waste from manufacturing, and pre-selected dry solid urban waste.
  • the installation to put this procedure into effect also forms part of this present invention.
  • the type of such waste includes, for instance, the following materials: wood of various sizes (painted and not painted); plastic materials in general; foamed polystyrene and foamed polyurethane; inert materials such as bricks, stone, concrete; ferromagnetic metals; non-ferromagnetic metals such as aluminium, copper, lead; paper and plasterboard in panels; carpet, etc..
  • inert materials to go to form road subgrade, concrete, etc.
  • ferrous and non-ferrous materials wood; thermoplastic materials; cardboard, etc.
  • Waste treatment procedures known to date put the material unloaded in bulk through a series of pre-selections, generally based on physical treatments of the waste such as screening to remove the powdery and smaller sized part; ventilation to remove the small and lightweight parts; electromagnetic separation to remove ferrous materials; floating on water to separate the lighter material; and more besides.
  • the waste to be selected is usually fed on a continuous conveyor belt while a certain number of workers (usually about ten) inspects the waste passing in front of each station and removes it manually, putting it into containers according to a criterion of homogeneity.
  • the purpose of this invention is to propose a technological procedure and a relative installation to overcome the above drawbacks, automatically selecting, removing, and homogeneously stocking waste, that is without people handling the waste directly.
  • the purpose is achieved with the procedure to collect solid waste, finalized in particular at selectively recycling the waste.
  • This procedure is characterised by the fact that the waste, already pre-treated with the removal of small pieces and lightweight and ferromagnetic materials, is taken onto a continuous conveyor so it is spread out. The waste on the belt is then visually checked to supply information about the quality of the waste and its relative position on the belt. This information is then fed into a computerized tracking control system which uses it to selectively pilot robotized waste-removal stations, each one specialised to act on a specific type of waste.
  • number 1 indicates a known rotating drum screen to separate the small part of the waste, up to a size in the order of about 200-250 mm in diameter.
  • the above waste will previously have undergone other known mechanical selecting operations such as ventilation to remove the lighter parts; removal of pieces that are too long; removal of ferromagnetic objects by means of magnets.
  • the waste pre-treated in this way is then continuously dumped onto a slow conveyor belt 2 at the end of which is a flexible deforming wall 3.
  • the unit 2 and 3 has the purpose of staggering the flow of the single elements composing the waste in order to spread them out better on another conveyor belt below 4, faster than belt 2.
  • Staggering may be supervised by an operator who can use a suitable tool - for example a pole with a hook on the end - to spread out the objects falling onto conveyor belt 4 so they will be suitably spaced apart, lengthwise, on belt 4.
  • a suitable tool - for example a pole with a hook on the end - to spread out the objects falling onto conveyor belt 4 so they will be suitably spaced apart, lengthwise, on belt 4.
  • this operator positioned close to the start of belt 4 will also be able to carry out an initial check on the waste loaded there, with the purpose, for instance, of separating any hybrid elements - that is composed of non-homogeneous materials - that may easily be separated from each other.
  • the speeds of belts 2 and 4 may be adjusted as preferred by means of motor speed variators fitted onto the gears driving them; in this manner, the rate of flow of the material to be selected can be varied and even stopped in the event of an accident or blockage.
  • This control panel is connected to a computerized control system (PLC in technical terms) equipped with a belt 4 position detector (encoder) able to memorise the position of any longitudinal area of belt 4 and to keep that position in memory while the belt is moving (tracking system).
  • PLC computerized control system
  • encoder encoder
  • Number 7 indicates a target, or reference line, positioned close to the panel 5 operator.
  • Number 11A indicates a short power-driven belt, or track, better shown in fig.3, positioned crossways above conveyor belt 4 at an angle that may be varied within an arc X - X of a limited range around an axis perpendicular to the one of the conveyor belt 4.
  • Fig.3 gives a cross-section of belt 4 to show track 11A; integral with it there are two large equidistant brushes 12, 12' that are dragged to brush across the area above belt 4 when the track is driven, just barely touching its surface.
  • brushes 12, 12' For brushes 12, 12' to be more effective they are slightly tilted in a direction parallel to that of the conveyor belt 4, as indicated in fig.4 which shows a plan view detail of the transverse positioning of the track.
  • Operation of track 11A is to be cyclic, in the sense that it normally makes half a turn of the track ring, stopping with the position of brushes 12, 12' inverted; being able, therefore, to repeat several successive cycles in sequence.
  • the speed of track 11A is to be greater than that of belt 4, as the longitudinal component of the speed of the track must preferably be equal to the speed of belt 4.
  • Vn Vc.cosa taking a value close to 45 nonagesimal degrees as an indication for a.
  • An application variant instead of varying the angle a, may be to vary the velocity Vc in relation to the velocity Vn, obtaining this variation automatically by means of a correlation made by the PLC computerized control.
  • hopper 13A At the base of hopper 13A there is a container 14A to collect the objects falling into the hopper.
  • the number of these sets A, B, C, ... is equal to the number of selections desired (and therefore of types of waste desired) plus one.
  • the end hopper 15 collects whatever is left on the belt, not being removed by the brushes of tracks 11A, 11B, 11C, etc..
  • Operation is as follows: The operator at the checking station (5, 7) observes, in good lighting conditions, the objects moving along with belt 4, spaced out in sequence on it.
  • the program orders that track to start, for one or two cycles depending on the length of the object consequently memorized by the program.
  • the PLC has, in fact, been supplied with all the necessary information (through the encoder), the location and extent of the area of the belt and the type of waste corresponding to that area.
  • the PLC tracking system will then be able to start up the respective track 11A, or 11B, ..., and that one only, at the instant when that area crosses the operative sector of the track corresponding to that waste, which will then be collected in the relative container.
  • Fig.9 gives an example of the flow chart of the management software for the waste selection line outlined above.
  • 100 indicates the program's "START” function; 110 the "KEYBOARD READING” function; 102 the "KEY PRESSED” option that may result in a “no” (N) or a “yes” (Y).
  • 140 is the encoder reading function; 150 "UPDATING SELECTED TRACK QUEUE” (A, B, C, ...); 160 the “KNOCKOUT MANAGEMENT ROUTINE”; and lastly 170 the "END" function.
  • fig.5 shows an initial sequence in which the object 8 is approaching the target line 7 and is recognised by the operator positioned at panel 5.
  • the area object 8 is deposited on is represented by dotted lines on belt 4, and indicated with number 9.
  • Fig.6 shows a moment later when the memorized area 9 has passed the target line 7 and is about to pass under the brushing action of belt 11A, corresponding to that type of waste.
  • Waste not selected in any of the areas A, B, C, ... will be left to pass by all the tracks 11A, 11B, 11C, ..., and will reach the end hopper 15; this type of waste will preferably be that of inert material.
  • a continuous band is fitted comprising elements that can be lit up: 10' and 10'' indicate two strips of these elements - for example, two rows of light bulbs - placed by the side of and parallel to belt 4' for a length of some metres starting from a fixed reference point Z.
  • control station 5' At the end of these guide-lights and from the opposite side of belt 4' with to them there is a control station 5' with an operator.
  • This control station is better represented in the diagram of fig.7.
  • lever 18 in a central position which may be moved forwards or backwards by the operator and which has a push-button 19 on top of it; in addition, it includes a keypad 17 that has six push-buttons indicated as A', B', C', D', E', F' respectively.
  • control station 5' along with guide-lights 10' and 10'' are part of a computerized control network of the process governed by a data elaboration centre (PLC in technical jargon) which is not illustrated and which works according to known computer technologies.
  • PLC data elaboration centre
  • a belt kinematic position detector encoder in technical jargon
  • a belt kinematic position detector able to memorize any position, or longitudinal area of the belt and to assign it with a given code number.
  • Each guide-light 10', 10'' is formed by a succession of light bulbs.
  • the lever 18 is used to light up at least one light bulb of the series 10', 10'' depending on the movement of the lever in one direction or the other, thus giving light signals for varying positions.
  • the operator recognises the waste 8', he or she moves the lever 18 (without pressing key 19) so that the light bulb of series 10'' comes on corresponding to the start of the deposit area of the recognised waste 8', e.g. at line F.
  • the encoder through a known interface, the distance the start of the deposit area (i.e. F) is from a fixed point of reference, e.g. from station 5', 7' (line Z).
  • the first reference distance ZF (obtained by means of guide-light 10'') added to the fixed distance between the reference point Z and the removal robot 11'A, 11'B, etc. specific for that type of waste 8' supplies the information to start the robot working.
  • the distance worked out by means of the second guide-light 10' gives an approximation of the longitudinal size of the piece (basically the distance K) and therefore have the specific robot intervene for a number of work cycles to ensure the piece is entirely removed even if considerably long.
  • This variant has the advantage for the operator to be able to better organise his or her work, anticipating the arrival of objects at the target line 7.
  • the continuous conveyor belt may be substituted with another type of chain conveyor, for example a bucket or tray conveyor the bottom of which can be tipped up with conventional unhooking systems positioned at the unloading hoppers and slaved to the PLC.
  • another type of chain conveyor for example a bucket or tray conveyor the bottom of which can be tipped up with conventional unhooking systems positioned at the unloading hoppers and slaved to the PLC.
  • the procedure selection, in the above examples, with direct observation by the operator, may as a variant be done with indirect observation by means of a closed circuit television circuit.
  • selection of each object, or area of the belt 4, 4' may occur by means of computer systems operating with known technologies, with the operator for instance being able to directly interact on the television screen by means of a pointer, or mouse, to make the selection and give this information to the process control system.

Landscapes

  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
EP93113956A 1992-09-17 1993-09-01 Verfahren zur Auswahl und getrennte Sammlung von Festabfall Expired - Lifetime EP0588150B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI922142A IT1255374B (it) 1992-09-17 1992-09-17 Procedimento di selezione e raccolta separata di rifiuti solidi
ITMI922142 1992-09-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0588150A1 true EP0588150A1 (de) 1994-03-23
EP0588150B1 EP0588150B1 (de) 1997-01-02

Family

ID=11363961

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93113956A Expired - Lifetime EP0588150B1 (de) 1992-09-17 1993-09-01 Verfahren zur Auswahl und getrennte Sammlung von Festabfall

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0588150B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE146989T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69307063T2 (de)
IT (1) IT1255374B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109436755A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2019-03-08 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 带式加球系统
EP3960312A4 (de) * 2019-04-22 2023-03-22 JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von schrott aus elektronik-/elektrogeräteteilen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3888351A (en) * 1974-05-31 1975-06-10 Massachusetts Inst Technology Automatic refuse reclamation system
DE3725218A1 (de) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-26 Bezner Maschf Verfahren zum sortieren von muellgemischen und dazu geeignete vorrichtungen
EP0439674A2 (de) * 1990-01-31 1991-08-07 EDELHOFF POLYTECHNIK GMBH & CO. Vorrichtung zum Sortieren von Abfällen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3888351A (en) * 1974-05-31 1975-06-10 Massachusetts Inst Technology Automatic refuse reclamation system
DE3725218A1 (de) * 1987-07-16 1989-01-26 Bezner Maschf Verfahren zum sortieren von muellgemischen und dazu geeignete vorrichtungen
EP0439674A2 (de) * 1990-01-31 1991-08-07 EDELHOFF POLYTECHNIK GMBH & CO. Vorrichtung zum Sortieren von Abfällen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109436755A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2019-03-08 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 带式加球系统
CN109436755B (zh) * 2018-11-06 2024-02-06 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 带式加球系统
EP3960312A4 (de) * 2019-04-22 2023-03-22 JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von schrott aus elektronik-/elektrogeräteteilen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1255374B (it) 1995-10-31
ITMI922142A1 (it) 1994-03-17
DE69307063T2 (de) 1997-07-17
DE69307063D1 (de) 1997-02-13
EP0588150B1 (de) 1997-01-02
ITMI922142A0 (it) 1992-09-17
ATE146989T1 (de) 1997-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6124560A (en) Teleoperated robotic sorting system
EP0439674B1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Sortieren von Abfällen
US20100126914A1 (en) Plastic Separation Module
EP0588150A1 (de) Verfahren zur Auswahl und getrennte Sammlung von Festabfall
EP2397234A1 (de) Anlage zur Auswahl von Batterien und entsprechendes Verfahren
JPH10202571A (ja) 廃棄物中の特定物を選別するロボットシステム
US3790007A (en) Abrasive recovery system
CN108607671B (zh) 一种建筑垃圾干式分类分离方法
TR199701592A2 (xx) At�klar�n ve art�klar�n i�leni�i i�in y�ntem ve bir alet.
ATE246551T1 (de) Vorrichtung zum sortieren von rohstofflichen, vorveredelten oder recycelten schüttgütern
US3804248A (en) Sortation system
DE69807493D1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum sortieren von teppichen oder ähnlichen produkten
JPH10180667A (ja) 廃棄物中の特定物を選別するロボットシステム
CN214918344U (zh) 一种应急分拣平台及其建筑垃圾处理生产线
JPH1170368A (ja) 使い捨てられた屑紙の選別方法および装置
JPH10180668A (ja) 廃棄物中の特定物を選別するロボットシステム
CA2009544A1 (en) Method and a device for sampling material from a moving belt conveyor
US5641069A (en) Gravitational, vibrational ergonomic mixed recyclables sortation process and apparatus
JP3096866B2 (ja) ゴミ選別仕分装置における筒型回転フルイ装置
JPH04346883A (ja) 廃棄物処理システム
GB1581635A (en) Grading
JPH04267977A (ja) 廃棄物選別装置
Lemeshko et al. A rational way of sorting municipal solid waste
JPH0679193A (ja) ゴミ選別仕分装置
JP3965725B2 (ja) 廃棄物の選別方法、廃棄物の選別システム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE DK FR GB LI NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19940721

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: STUDIO PROFESSIONALE DR. ING. COLLI, ALFONSO

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19951108

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE DK FR GB LI NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19970102

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19970102

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19970102

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19970102

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19970102

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 146989

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19970115

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69307063

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19970213

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19970402

ET Fr: translation filed
NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19970827

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19970909

Year of fee payment: 5

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980901

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19980925

Year of fee payment: 6

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19980901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000701