EP0581357A1 - Dispositif de coupe du sol sous-marin - Google Patents

Dispositif de coupe du sol sous-marin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0581357A1
EP0581357A1 EP93202034A EP93202034A EP0581357A1 EP 0581357 A1 EP0581357 A1 EP 0581357A1 EP 93202034 A EP93202034 A EP 93202034A EP 93202034 A EP93202034 A EP 93202034A EP 0581357 A1 EP0581357 A1 EP 0581357A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
cutting blade
blade
ground
cutting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93202034A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0581357B1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Rudolf Frits Van Der Steen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paragon International BV
Original Assignee
Paragon International BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paragon International BV filed Critical Paragon International BV
Publication of EP0581357A1 publication Critical patent/EP0581357A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0581357B1 publication Critical patent/EP0581357B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/104—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water
    • E02F5/107—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water using blowing-effect devices, e.g. jets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/104—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce this force further, so that a blade can be moved through the ground with relatively little power.
  • a movement of the cutting blade is used during, for example, the burying of pipelines. Burying pipelines, cables and the like in the seabed provides the best protection from mechanical damage from the outside. It also avoids nuisance for the fishing industry.
  • With existing methods for underwater ploughing it is difficult even in readily pervious material to dig a deeper trench, for example deeper than 1.5 m. Extremely high cutting forces occur in the case of such values. This translates into a higher tractive force being necessary on the cable for propelling the digging equipment over and in the seabed. Such tractive forces can rise to 350 tonnes and are produced by a towing pontoon or tugboats.
  • the invention is based on the idea that most of the towing force necessary for the propulsion of a cutting blade is used to overcome the pressure exerted by the ground material on the cutting blade and the friction produced by it.
  • the cutting forces are determined largely by the partial vacuums occurring in the sand mass in the interstitial water. These partial vacuums are produced by the volume increases occurring in the sand mass during shear (dilatation). At a certain cutting speed and cutting depth, the magnitude of the partial vacuums depends mainly on the permeability of the sand mass. This partial vacuum causes the ground material which has been removed to press against the cutting blade, thus producing the considerable friction.
  • This partial vacuum is now removed and the friction is reduced by according to the invention providing fluid at the position of the cutting blade.
  • a sort of "lubricating" fluid film is produced between the cutting blade and the removed material. It is only necessary here to apply the fluid in such a way that a film is produced on the cutting blade. Unlike the situation in the prior art, this fluid is not used for loosening up the sand in front of or behind the cutting blade. In principle, it is even undesirable for fluid jets to extend far into the adjoining ground material, because a first sharp cut can be largely destroyed again as a result (instability of the slope formed).
  • the method is preferably used for underwater ploughing.
  • Underwater ploughing is used for laying pipelines.
  • the occurrence of the partial vacuums regularly results in a situation in which, after lowering of the cutting speed, the excavation depth of the plough also has to be reduced, because the necessary tractive forces are too high.
  • a pipeline is, for example, less well buried or not buried at all.
  • great difficulties can occur, particularly if parts of the pipeline form a clear span at places where the seabed is not flat. If fluid is introduced according to the invention, this partial vacuum phenomenon is limited or even removed, and it is found that the cutting forces fall considerably as a result.
  • This fluid can very simply be water which is present on the spot.
  • the fluid is preferably introduced from the cutting blade. Indeed, it is at the position of the cutting blade that said fluid film must be formed. It is in principle possible here to introduce the fluid in all directions relative to the direction of movement of the cutting blade. However, it has been found that introducing the fluid in the direction of movement of the cutting blade requires high fluid pressures and is not very practical. Injecting fluid at right angles to the cutting blade gives a result which is simpler to achieve, but it has the disadvantage that such openings become blocked through the pressure of the ground material.
  • the fluid is therefore preferably introduced in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the cutting blade.
  • the invention also relates to a device according to the preamble of Claim 5 with the characteristics of Claim 5.
  • the outlet openings in this case are preferably provided in the cutting blade, in such a way that a cascade is formed.
  • the fluid outlet openings are disposed here in the "step" part of the cascade, in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the cutting blade. If the cutting faces between cutting blade and the ground material are also made to run essentially parallel to each other between the stepped parts, the optimum space is created at the position of the jump for the introduction of fluid. Due to the fact that the cutting faces always remain parallel to each other, the cutting angle with the ground material remains the same, which contributes to a constant cutting force, thereby preventing the ground material from compacting and pressure phenomena on the cutting blade from still occurring.
  • the outlet openings are preferably provided in adjacent rows in the stepped part.
  • the fluid jets consequently effectively cover as great a part as possible of the blade, and at the place where the volume increase occurs fluid is added directly, so that the tractive force is limited as much as possible. Due to the fact that the effect of the volume increase is more marked as the depth of the trenches increases, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is preferable to provide relatively more openings near the last part of the plough blade than in the part lying nearer the boundary face between ground and water.
  • the outlet end comprises a cylindrical part to which a tapering part connects upstream. A better jet is obtained in this way.
  • the ploughing device described above can be used either alone or in combination. In the latter case, two adjacent ploughing devices are present.
  • a ploughing assembly is used, for example, for laying a pipeline.
  • the pipeline is already laid, and the trench belonging to it is then dug.
  • This can be carried out in different ways.
  • trenches are dug on either side of the pipeline, and the bed on which the pipeline is lying is then removed. This is described in Dutch Patent Application 9101937.
  • the plough blades are introduced into the ground next to the pipeline already lying there, and are then rotated under the pipeline. This is possible due to the fact that the plough blades are fixed rotatably to the frame.
  • the pipeline in this case is lifted up slightly, and the entire unit is then moved along, following which the pipeline is sunk in the trench produced in this way.
  • Fig. 1 shows a ploughing device for the laying of pipelines.
  • the frame thereof is indicated by 1.
  • Skids 7 are fixed at the front of the frame by means of hinged connections 8. By means of the hinged fastenings 9, the skids 7 are also tiltable in the direction at right angles to the direction of movement.
  • the skids 7 are adjustable in height by means of the hinged fastenings 10.
  • the device is moved in the direction of the arrow P.
  • Ploughshares 2 are also immovably fixed on the frame 1. Of course, the ploughshares can also be hingedly fixed to the frame, as described above.
  • There is a pump 4 which draws in water and pumps it to manifold 36.
  • Various pipes lead from manifold 36 to rows 37 of openings 38 provided in the ploughshare 2.
  • Plates 30 are also provided, by means of which in the example in question two trenches are dug, with some material remaining between the trenches.
  • the heel parts of the ploughshares are indicated by 12.
  • Reference number 32 indicates a plate which slants relative to the ground, and which facilitates backward movement of the device in the direction of the arrow T. This is achieved in conjunction with the bevels 31.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detail of the ploughshare 2.
  • the openings 38 in the rows 37 are shown more clearly in this figure. It can be seen that the distance between the various rows increases constantly from the end 39 of ploughshare 2. These changes in distance preferably occur according to a logarithmic division.
  • Fig. 3 shows two different embodiments of the outflow openings. It can be seen that they comprise a cylindrical part 38 and a flared part 42 lying upstream. This means that the fluid supplied by the pump 4 encounters little resistance in the supply lines from manifold 36, while a high outflow velocity can be obtained. It is possible here, on the one hand, to use a stepped shape with right angles 40, as shown in Fig. 3a, and it is possible, on the other hand, to use a bevelled construction 41, as shown in Fig. 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
EP19930202034 1992-07-10 1993-07-09 Dispositif de coupe du sol sous-marin Expired - Lifetime EP0581357B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9201246 1992-07-10
NL9201246A NL9201246A (nl) 1992-07-10 1992-07-10 Werkwijze voor het door ploegen aanbrengen van bodem, ploeginrichting alsmede ploegsamenstel.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0581357A1 true EP0581357A1 (fr) 1994-02-02
EP0581357B1 EP0581357B1 (fr) 1998-05-20

Family

ID=19861047

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19930202034 Expired - Lifetime EP0581357B1 (fr) 1992-07-10 1993-07-09 Dispositif de coupe du sol sous-marin

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0581357B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69318637T2 (fr)
NL (1) NL9201246A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0816574A1 (fr) * 1996-07-03 1998-01-07 Jan De Nul N.V. Appareil pour enterrer des conduites ou câbles au fond de la mer
GB2353304A (en) * 1999-07-22 2001-02-21 Engineering Business Ltd Plough with fluid transmitted vibration means
GB2353306A (en) * 1999-07-22 2001-02-21 Engineering Business Ltd Plough with shielded fluid jet nozzles
WO2001049946A1 (fr) * 2000-01-05 2001-07-12 Soil Machine Dynamics Limited Charrue sous-marine
CN112764182A (zh) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-07 深圳宣溪塘电子有限公司 一种能够破碎坚硬土质的海底埋设犁

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2992537A (en) * 1958-10-20 1961-07-18 Gulf Oil Corp Plow for laying and uncovering pipe
US3368358A (en) * 1965-07-19 1968-02-13 Hartwell A. Elliott Trenching machine
US3638439A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-02-01 Aqua Tech Inc Embedding cablelike members
DE2223942A1 (de) * 1972-05-17 1973-11-29 Harmstorf Kg Dieter Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betrieb von einspuelgeraeten
FR2455235A1 (fr) * 1979-04-27 1980-11-21 Coflexip Dispositif d'ensouillage de cables ou conduites tubulaires flexibles dans le fond sous-marin

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2992537A (en) * 1958-10-20 1961-07-18 Gulf Oil Corp Plow for laying and uncovering pipe
US3368358A (en) * 1965-07-19 1968-02-13 Hartwell A. Elliott Trenching machine
US3638439A (en) * 1970-03-16 1972-02-01 Aqua Tech Inc Embedding cablelike members
US3638439B1 (fr) * 1970-03-16 1988-05-31
DE2223942A1 (de) * 1972-05-17 1973-11-29 Harmstorf Kg Dieter Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betrieb von einspuelgeraeten
FR2455235A1 (fr) * 1979-04-27 1980-11-21 Coflexip Dispositif d'ensouillage de cables ou conduites tubulaires flexibles dans le fond sous-marin

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0816574A1 (fr) * 1996-07-03 1998-01-07 Jan De Nul N.V. Appareil pour enterrer des conduites ou câbles au fond de la mer
GB2353304A (en) * 1999-07-22 2001-02-21 Engineering Business Ltd Plough with fluid transmitted vibration means
GB2353306A (en) * 1999-07-22 2001-02-21 Engineering Business Ltd Plough with shielded fluid jet nozzles
GB2353304B (en) * 1999-07-22 2003-06-18 Engineering Business Ltd Improvements to ploughs
GB2353306B (en) * 1999-07-22 2003-11-26 Engineering Business Ltd Improvements to ploughs
WO2001049946A1 (fr) * 2000-01-05 2001-07-12 Soil Machine Dynamics Limited Charrue sous-marine
CN112764182A (zh) * 2021-02-26 2021-05-07 深圳宣溪塘电子有限公司 一种能够破碎坚硬土质的海底埋设犁

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69318637D1 (de) 1998-06-25
EP0581357B1 (fr) 1998-05-20
DE69318637T2 (de) 1998-09-10
NL9201246A (nl) 1994-02-01

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