WO2001049946A1 - Charrue sous-marine - Google Patents

Charrue sous-marine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001049946A1
WO2001049946A1 PCT/GB2000/004726 GB0004726W WO0149946A1 WO 2001049946 A1 WO2001049946 A1 WO 2001049946A1 GB 0004726 W GB0004726 W GB 0004726W WO 0149946 A1 WO0149946 A1 WO 0149946A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plough
cutting edge
trench
share
sea floor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2000/004726
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alan Richard Reece
Original Assignee
Soil Machine Dynamics Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soil Machine Dynamics Limited filed Critical Soil Machine Dynamics Limited
Priority to AU21936/01A priority Critical patent/AU2193601A/en
Publication of WO2001049946A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001049946A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/104—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/102—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables operatively associated with mole-ploughs, coulters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/104—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water
    • E02F5/106—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water using ploughs, coulters, rippers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
    • E02F5/104—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water
    • E02F5/107—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables for burying conduits or cables in trenches under water using blowing-effect devices, e.g. jets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
    • H02G1/06—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle
    • H02G1/10—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle in or under water

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to submarine ploughs, and relates particularly, but not exclusively, to submarine ploughs for burying cables under the surface of the seabed.
  • the cables are generally buried by means of a submarine plough, which is towed behind a cable laying ship, picks up a cable, laid on the seabed, into the plough and then buries it in a trench dug in the surface of the seabed by the plough.
  • a known plough for burying a cable to a depth of up to 2 metres in soil on the seabed is shown in Figure 1, where it is set to plough only 1 metre deep.
  • the plough 1 includes a plough share 2 having a cutting edge 3 for cutting the bottom of a trench in the seabed, as well as an assembly of parts for moving the soil to bury a cable 4 which passes through the plough and is held down by a movable depressor 5.
  • the plough share 2 is connected to a pair of depth control skids 6 at the front of the plough by means of a long body 7.
  • the skids 6 are movable up and down relative to the body 7 by moving skid support arms 8 about pivot 12 to adjust the depth of the plough share 2 relative to the plough body 7.
  • the plough 1 lifts the soil upwards and sideways and supports it in this raised position by means of a ramp 9 on one or both sides of the plough share 2.
  • the plough 1 shown in Figure 1 has a further method of depth control which operates by pivoting the share 2 relative to the body 7 about pivot 10 under control of a hydraulic cylinder 11.
  • the skids 13 normally float on the ground measuring depth of work or can be locked in any position to provide support when this cannot be obtained from the heel 14.
  • Preferred embodiments of the present invention seek to overcome the above disadvantages of the prior art .
  • a submarine plough for inserting an elongate flexible member into a trench in the sea floor, the plough comprising: -
  • a plough share having a cutting edge for cutting a bottom of a trench in the sea floor
  • a plough body connected to the plough share and having attachment means for enabling the plough to be towed by a ship;
  • first sea floor engaging means for at least partially supporting the plough;
  • first ( jetting means arranged at a lower part of said plough share for directing at least one jet of pressurised liquid to remove the bottom of the trench below said cutting edge;
  • the first jetting means preferably comprises a plurality of first nozzles arranged rearwardly of said cutting edge.
  • the first nozzles may be adapted to project water downwards and backwards .
  • the plough further comprises second jetting means adapted to project liquid backwards from at least one side of the plough share.
  • This provides the advantage of softening soil adjacent to the plough share to enable softened soil and water to flow past the plough share into the void vacated by the moving plough share, thus allowing the plough share to sink deeper.
  • the second jetting means preferably comprises a plurality of second nozzles arranged on at least one side of the plough share.
  • the plough share is pivotable relative to the plough body.
  • first jetting means can be oriented below the cutting edge to give the desired depth of trench for a given ploughing depth set by the first sea floor engaging means .
  • the plough share is preferably pivotable relative to the plough body about a pivot located above and forwards, or above and rearwards, of the cutting edge.
  • the plough may further comprise soil support means for at least partially supporting soil displaced by said cutting edge to form the trench.
  • This provides the advantage that soil can be displaced to form the trench to enable a cable to be received therein.
  • the support means preferably comprises one or more support surfaces provided on the plough share rearwardly of the cutting edge and over which soil displaced by said cutting edge can slide.
  • a rear portion of at least one said support surface is displaceable upwardly.
  • the plough may further comprise second sea floor engaging means for at least partially supporting the plough.
  • This provides the advantage of enabling height adjustment of the plough share to occur when the long beam principle no longer operates because the soil beneath the cutting edge has been jetted away.
  • the second sea floor engaging means may. extend from the plough body.
  • said second sea floor engaging means comprises at least one skid provided rearwardly of said first sea floor engaging means .
  • the plough share further comprises a heel portion arranged rearwardly of the cutting edge for at least partially supporting the plough.
  • the first sea floor engaging means may be arranged forwardly of the plough share .
  • the guide means preferably comprises a moveable depressor for urging the elongate flexible member into the trench.
  • a method of forming a trench in a sea floor by means of a submarine plough including a plough share having a cutting edge for cutting a bottom of a trench in the sea floor comprising the steps of:
  • the step of directing said at least one jet of pressurised liquid preferably comprises directing the or each said jet downwards and backwards .
  • the method further comprises the step of projecting liquid backwards from at least one side of the plough share.
  • the method may further comprise the step of pivoting said plough share relative to the plough body.
  • the plough includes soil support means for at least partially supporting soil displaced by said cutting edge to form the trench, and the method further comprises the step of adjusting the vertical height of a rear portion of said soil support means relative to the cutting edge.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side elevation view of a prior art cable burying plough
  • Figure 2 is a schematic side elevation view, corresponding to Figure 1, of a cable burying plough embodying the present invention
  • Figure 3 shows how the cable burying plough of Figure 2 can be adjusted to operate over a range of trench depths
  • Figure 4 is a detailed cross-sectional view of a nozzle of jetting means of the plough of Figures 2 and 3.
  • a cable burying plough 101 has a plough share 102 including a cutting edge 103 and a heel portion 114.
  • a set of water jets 121 are provided on the bottom surface of the plough share 102 between the cutting edge 103 and the heel portion 114 and are directed downwards and backwards in order to remove the floor of the trench after it has been cut by the cutting edge 103.
  • the jets 121 cause a greater depth of trench than the ploughing depth caused by the cutting edge 103.
  • a set of second jets 122 is arranged on one side of the plough share 102 beneath a ramp 109 and project water sideways and backwards from the side of the share 102.
  • the ramp 109 supports soil cut and lifted by the ploughing action of the cutting edge 103 of the plough share, and prevents it from falling down and impeding water and soil flow from the two sets of jets 121,122.
  • the second set of jets 122 excavate a channel rearwards beneath the ramp 109 along which water and soil from both set of jets can flow past the rear edge of the share 102 into the space vacated by the share as it moves forwards.
  • FIG 6 which shows a detailed cross-sectional view of a jetting nozzle 124 of one of the sets of jets 121,122, as the plough moves forwards through the soil in the direction of arrow A, because the nozzles 124 are angled backwards as shown in the figure, the rearward movement of the soil relative to the nozzles minimises the risk that soil or sand will penetrate into the nozzles and cause blockage.
  • the operation of the apparatus shown in Figure 2 will now be described.
  • the cutting edge 103 of the plough share 102 moves forwards through the soil to cut the bottom of the trench, and the wedge or slice of earth cut by the plough is displaced upwards by the plough share and is supported on the ramp 109.
  • the first set of jets 121 removes the bottom of the trench below the plough share 102, as a result of which a deeper trench is obtained than would be achieved by the ploughing action of the cutting edge 103 alone.
  • the rear of the plough share together with the depressor 105 sinks deeper into the soil than it would normally do if the long beam principle were operating. Consequently, the rear 125 of the plough share rests on the surface of the sea bed at the sides of the trench.
  • the second set of jets 122 excavates a channel beneath the ramp 109 which enables the water and soil from both sets of jets 121,122 to escape past the rear edge of the share into the space vacated by the share as it moves forwards .
  • the arrangement of Figure 2 would be expected to produce a total trench depth of about 2.6m, being 1.8m produced by cutting edge 103 and a further 0.8m produced by the jets 121.
  • FIGs 2 and 3 illustrate the principle of operation of the plough.
  • the first set of jets 121 removes the bottom of the trench below the plough share 102, as a result of which a deeper trench is obtained than would be achieved by the ploughing action of the cutting edge 103 alone.
  • the rear of the plough share sinks deeper into the soil than it would normally do if the long beam principle were operating.
  • the cutting edge of the plough sinks to a depth of 1.8 metres.
  • the cable ship will in most cases be incapable of towing the plough having a cutting edge at a depth of 1.8 metres.
  • the working depth of the cutting edge is adjusted by further pivoting the plough share about the pivot 110 on the plough body and by lowering the skids 106 by means of the skid arms 108.
  • the pivot 110 is, above and only slightly forwards of the cutting edge 103 of the plough share 102. This generates a extra depth of trench that is created by jetting action while leaving unchanged the depth of trench created by ploughing.
  • the working depth of the cutting edge is again reduced to about 1 metre, as a result of which the ship can tow the plough, but approximately 0.8 metre of additional depth of trench is obtained by means of the jetting action.
  • a pivot on the plough body as described above is a feature of cable ploughs as described in the applicant's co-pending international patent application no. W099/13171 and as shown particularly with reference to Figure 10 of that document.
  • a pivot cannot normally be accommodated on existing ploughs which operate according to the long beam principle.
  • the operation of jets provided under the plough share would cause the plough share to sink into the ground but the cutting edge of the plough share would descend almost as far.
  • the front skids can be lowered by rotating the skid arms downwards to reduce the depth of ploughing, but in order to optimise the ratio of ploughed depth to jetted depth, the plough would have to take up an impracticable nose-up/tail-down attitude that would bring any bellmouth at the front of the plough (for preventing the cable from being bent around too small a radius of curvature) and hitch points (to which towing ropes are attached) far too high.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une charrue à câble enterré (101) servant à insérer un câble dans une tranchée d'un fond océanique. Cette charrue possède un soc de charrue (102) muni d'un bord tranchant (103) servant à creuser le fond d'une tranchée dans le fond océanique et un corps de charrue connecté au soc de charrue afin de permettre à la charrue d'être remorquée par un navire. Une paire de patins soutient au moins partiellement la charrue et un ensemble de jets d'eau (121) est disposé sur la surface inférieure du soc de charrue (102), les jets sont dirigés vers le bas et vers l'arrière afin de retirer le sol de la tranchée après que celui-ci ait été creusé par le bord tranchant (103). Ensuite, un dépresseur (105) guide un câble à l'intérieur de la tranchée afin d'ôter le fond de la tranchée au moyen des jets d'eau (121).
PCT/GB2000/004726 2000-01-05 2000-12-12 Charrue sous-marine WO2001049946A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU21936/01A AU2193601A (en) 2000-01-05 2000-12-12 Submarine plough

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0000047.1 2000-01-05
GB0000047A GB0000047D0 (en) 2000-01-05 2000-01-05 Submarine plough

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2001049946A1 true WO2001049946A1 (fr) 2001-07-12

Family

ID=9883139

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2000/004726 WO2001049946A1 (fr) 2000-01-05 2000-12-12 Charrue sous-marine

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2193601A (fr)
GB (1) GB0000047D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001049946A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102623942A (zh) * 2012-03-30 2012-08-01 刘玉秋 海缆埋设器
DE102014113831B3 (de) * 2014-09-24 2016-01-21 Frank Föckersperger GmbH Kabelpflug und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Kabelpflugs
WO2023151935A1 (fr) * 2022-02-08 2023-08-17 Royal Ihc Limited Charrue sous-marine et procédé de fonctionnement d'une charrue sous-marine

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE727746C (de) * 1939-08-12 1942-11-11 Aeg Kabeleinspuelgeraet
DE1111692B (de) * 1956-06-14 1961-07-27 Rudolf Harmstorf Fa Einspuelgeraet fuer das Verlegen biegsamer Kunststoffrohre, elektrischer Kabel oder dergleichen Leitungen in den Boden von Gewaessern
US3788085A (en) * 1971-12-06 1974-01-29 R Holberg Method and apparatus for laying a pipe line
GB1348487A (en) * 1970-05-19 1974-03-20 Nederlandse Offshore Co Method of and apparatus for burying sub-sea pipelines
GB2006302A (en) * 1977-10-18 1979-05-02 Mobell Marine Ltd Trench-Jetting Apparatus
FR2455235A1 (fr) * 1979-04-27 1980-11-21 Coflexip Dispositif d'ensouillage de cables ou conduites tubulaires flexibles dans le fond sous-marin
JPS5931326A (ja) * 1982-08-15 1984-02-20 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 海底ケ−ブル埋設機
EP0164202A1 (fr) * 1984-05-07 1985-12-11 Lyntech Corporation Charrue à effondrer pour oléoduc marin
EP0278705A1 (fr) * 1987-02-11 1988-08-17 Soil Machine Dynamics Limited Soc pour l'enfouissement de câbles dans un sol sous-marin
US4844658A (en) * 1987-10-09 1989-07-04 Henkels & Mccoy, Inc. Apparatus for burying pipe under water
DE3922349C1 (fr) * 1989-07-07 1990-09-13 Rudolf 2000 Hamburg De Harmstorf
EP0581357A1 (fr) * 1992-07-10 1994-02-02 Paragon International B.V. Dispositif de coupe du sol sous-marin

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE727746C (de) * 1939-08-12 1942-11-11 Aeg Kabeleinspuelgeraet
DE1111692B (de) * 1956-06-14 1961-07-27 Rudolf Harmstorf Fa Einspuelgeraet fuer das Verlegen biegsamer Kunststoffrohre, elektrischer Kabel oder dergleichen Leitungen in den Boden von Gewaessern
GB1348487A (en) * 1970-05-19 1974-03-20 Nederlandse Offshore Co Method of and apparatus for burying sub-sea pipelines
US3788085A (en) * 1971-12-06 1974-01-29 R Holberg Method and apparatus for laying a pipe line
GB2006302A (en) * 1977-10-18 1979-05-02 Mobell Marine Ltd Trench-Jetting Apparatus
FR2455235A1 (fr) * 1979-04-27 1980-11-21 Coflexip Dispositif d'ensouillage de cables ou conduites tubulaires flexibles dans le fond sous-marin
JPS5931326A (ja) * 1982-08-15 1984-02-20 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 海底ケ−ブル埋設機
EP0164202A1 (fr) * 1984-05-07 1985-12-11 Lyntech Corporation Charrue à effondrer pour oléoduc marin
EP0278705A1 (fr) * 1987-02-11 1988-08-17 Soil Machine Dynamics Limited Soc pour l'enfouissement de câbles dans un sol sous-marin
US4844658A (en) * 1987-10-09 1989-07-04 Henkels & Mccoy, Inc. Apparatus for burying pipe under water
DE3922349C1 (fr) * 1989-07-07 1990-09-13 Rudolf 2000 Hamburg De Harmstorf
EP0581357A1 (fr) * 1992-07-10 1994-02-02 Paragon International B.V. Dispositif de coupe du sol sous-marin

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 128 (M - 302) 14 June 1984 (1984-06-14) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102623942A (zh) * 2012-03-30 2012-08-01 刘玉秋 海缆埋设器
DE102014113831B3 (de) * 2014-09-24 2016-01-21 Frank Föckersperger GmbH Kabelpflug und Verfahren zum Betreiben des Kabelpflugs
WO2023151935A1 (fr) * 2022-02-08 2023-08-17 Royal Ihc Limited Charrue sous-marine et procédé de fonctionnement d'une charrue sous-marine
NL2030849B1 (en) * 2022-02-08 2023-09-07 Royal Ihc Ltd Underwater plough and method of operating an underwater plough

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0000047D0 (en) 2000-02-23
AU2193601A (en) 2001-07-16

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