EP0572686B1 - Utilisation d'une feuille de papier pour le transfert de décoration colorée à une feuille plastique - Google Patents

Utilisation d'une feuille de papier pour le transfert de décoration colorée à une feuille plastique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0572686B1
EP0572686B1 EP19920108424 EP92108424A EP0572686B1 EP 0572686 B1 EP0572686 B1 EP 0572686B1 EP 19920108424 EP19920108424 EP 19920108424 EP 92108424 A EP92108424 A EP 92108424A EP 0572686 B1 EP0572686 B1 EP 0572686B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper
plastic film
film
transfer roller
calender
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920108424
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0572686A1 (fr
Inventor
Maximilian P. Zaher
Joachim Engelhardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polytransfer Gesellschaft fur Dekorative Oberfla
SABIC Innovative Plastics BV
Original Assignee
POLYTRANSFER GESELLSCHAFT fur DEKORATIVE OBERFLAECHENTECHNIK POLYMERER WERKSTOFFE MBH
POLYTRANSFER GES fur DEKORATI
Polytransfer Gesellschaft fur Dekorative Oberflachentechnik Polymerer Werkstoffe Mbh
General Electric Plastics BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by POLYTRANSFER GESELLSCHAFT fur DEKORATIVE OBERFLAECHENTECHNIK POLYMERER WERKSTOFFE MBH, POLYTRANSFER GES fur DEKORATI, Polytransfer Gesellschaft fur Dekorative Oberflachentechnik Polymerer Werkstoffe Mbh, General Electric Plastics BV filed Critical POLYTRANSFER GESELLSCHAFT fur DEKORATIVE OBERFLAECHENTECHNIK POLYMERER WERKSTOFFE MBH
Priority to EP19920108424 priority Critical patent/EP0572686B1/fr
Priority to DE59207194T priority patent/DE59207194D1/de
Publication of EP0572686A1 publication Critical patent/EP0572686A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0572686B1 publication Critical patent/EP0572686B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
    • B41M5/035—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by sublimation or volatilisation of pre-printed design, e.g. sublistatic
    • B41M5/0358—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by sublimation or volatilisation of pre-printed design, e.g. sublistatic characterised by the mechanisms or artifacts to obtain the transfer, e.g. the heating means, the pressure means or the transport means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1712—Decalcomanias applied under heat and pressure, e.g. provided with a heat activable adhesive
    • B44C1/1716—Decalcomanias provided with a particular decorative layer, e.g. specially adapted to allow the formation of a metallic or dyestuff layer on a substrate unsuitable for direct deposition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of a paper for applying color to a plastic film to be decorated.
  • a method for applying a colored decoration to a substrate made of polyethylene in which heating takes place to 120 to 185 ° C., a sublimation print being carried out from an ink carrier onto the substrate.
  • the heating takes place with infrared radiation, which is radiated through the substrate onto the ink carrier, i.e. the ink carrier is heated on its side facing the substrate by means of IR radiation.
  • the ink carrier is designed to be reflective to the IR radiation on its surface not covered with dyes, so that this radiation is absorbed only where paint is applied.
  • Also known from DE-A-24 38 723 is a method in which dyes are transferred to a substrate in such a way that a color support is placed on the substrate and the color is transferred to the substrate by heating the support with infrared radiation by means of sublimation printing.
  • GB-A-1 107 401 describes a process for colored printing on plastics, in which the plastics are heated to 175 to 180 ° C. in a heated glycerol bath. The surface of the plastic is gelled.
  • a method and a device for generating permanent images on substrates are known, in which a carrier with dye is arranged between the substrate and a heated matrix, which has raised sections whose shape corresponds to the image to be transferred . After the transfer of the dyes to the substrate has taken place by means of this heated matrix, the substrate is heated so that the dye diffuses from an ink into the substrate.
  • GB 2 127 747 A1 describes a transfer printing process in which the transfer printing partners are positioned by means of electrostatic charging.
  • an ink carrier also called auxiliary carrier
  • printed images decors
  • the ink carrier can in particular consist of paper.
  • the printing takes place e.g. by means of offset or rotary printing processes.
  • the printed images are transferred by sublimation from the ink carrier to the textile fabric to be colored (so-called transfer printing).
  • the printing inks mentioned are produced from sublimable disperse dyes using binders and oxidation additives.
  • the printed ink carriers also called transfer papers
  • the printed ink carriers are placed with the color printed side on the textile side to be printed and heated by means of a printing plate heated to 170 to 220 ° C. (using the cycle method). Once the temperature of about 170 the dyes reach up to 220 ° C, they sublimate into the textiles made of synthetic fibers.
  • EP-A 0 014 615 Another known method (EP-A 0 014 615), which is primarily intended for decorating eyeglass frames, is carried out in such a way that an eyeglass frame with its surface to be decorated is placed on a base with each working cycle, which is arranged within a vacuum chamber and can be moved up and down by means of a piston-cylinder unit.
  • the vacuum chamber has a side opening for inserting the eyeglass frame, which can be closed with a door.
  • the vacuum chamber On its upper side, the vacuum chamber has a horizontal, stationary frame which delimits a slot with a frame which is also arranged above it and is horizontal but can be moved up and down.
  • a carrier foil is passed through the slot, which is rolled off a reel and is provided on the underside with the decor that is to be applied to the spectacle frame.
  • the decor has been applied to the carrier film, for example, as a multicolor print or as a decal and consists of colors which can be sublimed at a temperature below the destruction temperature of the carrier film.
  • the upper frame is lowered so that it clamps the carrier film between itself and the lower frame and the vacuum chamber is thereby sealed and can be evacuated.
  • the carrier film is heated to the sublimation temperature of the decor by means of a heating device arranged above the upper frame and then the spectacle frame is moved upwards by means of its base which can be raised and lowered within the vacuum chamber and on which it has been placed, and is pressed against the carrier film.
  • the vacuum causes the carrier film to nestle tightly against the surfaces to be decorated on the front and in lateral areas of the spectacle frame. This state is maintained for a period of time is sufficient for a transition of the colors forming the decor away from the carrier film into the structure of the material of the spectacle frame.
  • the vacuum is then released, the spectacle frame is lowered and thereby separated from the carrier film and finally removed from the vacuum chamber.
  • the carrier film is greatly stretched in individual areas so that it nestles sufficiently against the spectacle frame. It is inevitable that the decor will be distorted in the particularly stretched areas of the carrier film.
  • the distortions can be compensated to a certain extent by applying an appropriately corrected decor to the carrier film from the outset.
  • distortions in objects such as glasses frames, whose surfaces to be decorated are relatively narrow, are hardly noticeable. It is different with objects that are to be decorated over a large area. In the case of such objects, disruptive distortions of the decor cannot always be avoided if the decor has been applied by the known method.
  • the size of the surface to be decorated increases, the risk that the decor will be adversely affected by air pockets.
  • the objects for example tin cans
  • a coating system which applies a layer of dye-affine, migration-preventing plastic to the outside of the objects.
  • the coated objects are fed to a labeling machine, in which decor carriers in the form of printed banderoles are removed from a stack or endless strips, placed around one object each and fixed with an adhesive strip, glue line, electrostatic field or the like.
  • the objects for example by means of hot air, are preferably heated to a temperature of 200 ° to 350 ° C Heated from 250 ° to 300 ° C.
  • a device for printing a textile web with sublimable dye which is fed on a carrier film.
  • the device has a drum which can be driven in rotation and which can be heated from the inside, around which the carrier film with the radially outwardly facing dye layer and the textile web to be printed, and an endless pressure belt made of metal mesh guided over rollers, run over it.
  • the region of the drum that is wrapped in this way can be covered by a hood, within which a negative pressure is maintained.
  • gas is sucked out through the textile web to be printed and the pressure belt made of metal mesh lying thereon.
  • the pressure forces exerted by the pressure belt on the textile web are generated exclusively by the mechanical tension of the pressure belt and somewhat reduced by the negative pressure inside the hood.
  • thermoplastic films fuse or become so soft that the ink carriers (paper etc.) used in transfer printing stick or damage the surfaces of the films in such a way that the product did not meet the aesthetic requirements.
  • the migration resistance of the dyes required for good image reproduction was also not achieved.
  • thermosetting films and lacquers FR-A-2 230 794, DE-A 24 24 949, GB-A-1 517 832).
  • thermoplastic films and plates which can be thermoformed into three-dimensional bodies, such as components for interior fittings, furniture parts (especially fronts), household appliances, office machines, lighting elements, car molded parts, etc., there has long been a need a possibility of being able to provide good quality thermoplastic substrates with colored decorations.
  • EP 0 014 901 describes an attempt to achieve constant, traceable and stable transfer printing results by specifying the molecular weights of the sublimable disperse dyes, the temperatures used and the composition and nature of the plastic substrates. It has come to the conclusion that heating to temperatures of 220 ° C. and more is required for the application of the transfer printing process to plastics. This excludes a large number of thermoplastics. The process remained limited to certain thermosetting plastic coatings and certain substrates made of inorganic materials.
  • the state of the art also teaches as a prejudice that the molecular weight of the dyes used is important in sublimation printing.
  • the aforementioned EP 0 014 901 teaches the use of high molecular weight disperse dyes with molecular weights between 300 and 1000, in particular with a view to the required resistance to migration.
  • German patents 37 08 855 and 39 04 424 already mentioned at the beginning bring progress in that they sublimation printing are based on the use of heated printing plates or heated cylinders and instead suggest heating with thermal radiation (infrared radiation). This prior art does not go into details of the materials used or of the sublimation temperatures.
  • EP-A-0 455 849 describes a method for applying and introducing dyes onto or into a plastic substrate, in which infrared radiation is directed inhomogeneously onto a color support depending on the color distribution of the decor, so that the colors are sublimated - Transfer be transferred to the substrate.
  • Sublimation printing is complex and very sensitive to compliance with the process parameters if good results are to be achieved.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus with which a color decor with good qualitative results can be applied to a plastic film in a simple manner.
  • the process is said to have a high throughput, i.e. have a high decorating speed and the product should meet high demands with regard to its aesthetic and mechanical properties.
  • the figure shows a device for applying paint to a plastic film to be decorated by means of a calender.
  • the calender has a transfer roller 10 which can be heated by means of a heating medium 12.
  • a film 14 made of plastic is to be provided with a colored decoration.
  • the film 14 can in particular consist of acrylic, polyester, polycarbonate, polypropylene, PBT, polyethylene, polystyrene, ABS and mixtures thereof.
  • thermoplastics are particularly suitable for the process, which have so far largely evaded colored decoration, especially when high quality requirements were involved.
  • the film 14 can have a thickness in particular in the range from 25 to 750 ⁇ m, thicknesses of around 500 ⁇ m are particularly suitable.
  • a transfer film 16 made of paper and a buffer film 18 and a stretch ceiling 20 are used. These flat structures are placed in layers in the specified order over the transfer roller 10, as explained in more detail below.
  • the film 14 to be decorated is unwound from a drum 22 and, before being transferred to the transfer roller 10 of the calender, fed to a heating device (26a, 26b) in order to preheat the plastic film 14.
  • the heating devices mentioned form a heating tunnel which applies heat to the plastic film both at the bottom and at the top, that is to say on both sides.
  • Infrared radiators are preferably provided as heating devices, which cover the entire surface of the plastic film.
  • the preheating takes place between the unwinding drum 22 and a deflecting roller 28, the deflecting roller 28 being followed by a tensioning roller 30 so that the plastic film 14 in the heating device 26a, 26b is under mechanical tension.
  • the values of the tension, the preheating and the transfer speed of the film depend on the materials used, the thickness of the film, etc.
  • the following transfer speeds can be achieved, for example: If the preheating device 26a, 26b is set to approximately 90% of its maximum output, then a feed can be achieved the plastic film 14 can be set at about 15 m per minute. If, on the other hand, only 20% of the maximum output of the preheating is used, a feed rate of 5 m per minute can be set.
  • the preheating is such that there are no shrinkage problems when subsequently decorating the film.
  • the individual parameters are to be determined experimentally depending on the materials used, film thickness, rotation speeds, colored decorations etc.
  • the preheating under tension between the rollers 22 and 28 is carried out so that the film does not sag significantly.
  • the plastic film 14 preheated in the manner described is then passed over the tensioning roller 30 and a further deflection roller 32 onto the transfer roller 10.
  • the finished decorated plastic film 14 ' leaves the transfer roller 10 via the rollers 34 and 36 and arrives at a further roller 38, which at the same time causes cooling of the printed plastic film 14' and its mechanical tension (stretching).
  • the finished plastic film 14 'in this way is then wound onto a further roller 24, so that the colored plastic film is available for further processing.
  • a paper film 16 is also wound on a roll and is fed to the transfer roller 10 via the deflection roller 32 in such a way that the paper film 16 comes to lie radially above the plastic film 14.
  • a particularly suitable paper is used as the film 16, which paper consists practically of pure cellulose without the addition of binders or other chemicals.
  • the paper was not deleted during its manufacture, but instead was heavily calendered.
  • the paper is preferably long-fiber with about 70 to 80 g / m2.
  • Such paper has advantages in terms of a relatively high temperature in transfer printing, a relatively high adjustable speed of the transfer roller 10 and thus a high production speed and in terms of the quality of the product produced.
  • the transfer printing thus takes place at temperatures from 140 ° C to 170 ° C and the preheating takes place at temperatures which are lower than the transfer temperature, e.g. 10 to 40% lower.
  • the transfer film (in the illustrated embodiment, the printed paper) is provided on its side facing the plastic film 14 with a colored decoration which is transferred from the transfer film 16 (paper) to the plastic film 14 to be decorated, specifically during the common circulation of the films with the transfer roller 10.
  • a buffer film (18) to be placed radially above the transfer film 16 (paper) on the transfer roller 10, specifically in such a way that that the buffer film 18 axially overlaps both the plastic film 14 to be decorated and the transfer film 16 on both sides.
  • the buffer film 18 is unwound from an unwinding roller 42 and passes over a roller 44 over the paper foil 16 onto the transfer roller 10.
  • a paper is used as the buffer foil. The type of paper depends on the colors and materials used and is optimized experimentally in individual cases.
  • the buffer film 18 is also moved in synchronism with the above-mentioned films together with the transfer roller 10 at a fully synchronized angular speed and reaches a winding roller 48 via the rollers 34, 46.
  • the transfer film 16 (paper), from which the colored decoration has been transferred to the plastic film 14 ', passes over the rollers 34 and 46 to a take-up roller 40
  • the figure is the transfer film from which the colored decoration has largely been removed (ie transferred to the plastic film 14), indicated by the reference symbol 16 '.
  • a stretch ceiling 20 is placed over the buffer film 18 (paper), which is moved synchronously (at the same angular velocity) together with the transfer roller, the plastic film 14 and the transfer film 16 and the buffer film 18.
  • the stretch ceiling 20 runs endlessly and is tensioned by means of a piston / cylinder unit 50.
  • the stretch ceiling 20 is e.g. from a felt, in particular a polyester felt. The stretch ceiling 20 thus generates a radial force on all the underlying foils (14, 16 and 18).
  • the buffer film (in particular made of paper) causes a uniform force distribution, ie locally different force peaks of the felt of the stretch ceiling 20 are compensated for. Furthermore, the paper buffer film protects the stretch ceiling 20 from ink that has reached the transfer roller 10, in particular when the device is idling, that is to say when starting up.
  • the buffer film 20 runs endlessly and can be used several times for transfer printing.
  • the method described above causes the dyes to diffuse into the thermoplastic material of the plastic film 14 on the transfer roller 10.
  • the diffusion is such that the colored decoration of the plastic film 14 'places high demands, particularly with regard to mechanical stability and also sufficient in terms of print quality.
  • the product is not disturbed by shrinkage or other local smearing or displacements.
  • transfer temperatures on the transfer roller in the range from 130 to 240 ° C. can also be used.

Landscapes

  • Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Utilisation d'un papier pour le transfert de couleur à une feuille plastique (14) à décorer, au moyen d'une calandre, dans au moins les étapes suivantes:
    a) la feuille plastique (14) à décorer est préchauffée avant son introduction dans la calandre,
    b) la feuille plastique (14) préchauffée est menée vers un rouleau de transfert (10) chauffé de la calandre,
    c) le papier (16) muni, sur un côté, d'une décoration colorée, est mené vers le rouleau de transfert (10) chauffé de la calandre, par-dessus la feuille plastique (14), de façon que son côté portant la décoration colorée vise contre la feuille plastique (14),
    d) une feuille tampon (18) est menée vers le rouleau de transfert (10) par-dessus le papier (16),
    e) une bande de retenue (20) est passée sur l'extérieur de la feuille tampon (18), cette bande de retenue pressant la feuille plastique (14), le papier (16) et la feuille tampon (18) contre le rouleau de transfert (10),
    f) le rouleau de transfert (10), la feuille plastique (14), le papier (16), la feuille tampon (18) et la bande de retenue (20) sont mus à travers la calandre en synchronisme, à la même vitesse angulaire,
    g) à la fin de son passage à travers la calandre, la feuille plastique (14'), munie de la décoration colorée, est refroidie, tout en étant maintenue sous tension.
  2. Utilisation d'un papier selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que la feuille (14) à décorer consiste en un matériau thermoplastique.
  3. Utilisation d'un papier selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que le préchauffage de l'étape (a) est effectué sur la feuille plastique (14) en maintenant celle-ci sous tension mécanique.
  4. Utilisation d'un papier selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que le préchauffage de l'étape (a) est effectué des deux côtés de la feuille plastique, plus particulièrement au moyen de rayons infrarouges.
  5. Utilisation d'un papier selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que l'on emploie un papier comme la feuille tampon (18).
  6. Utilisation d'un papier selon une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que le papier est fort calandré.
  7. Utilisation d'un papier selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que le papier a une masse allant de 70 à 80 g/m2.
EP19920108424 1992-05-19 1992-05-19 Utilisation d'une feuille de papier pour le transfert de décoration colorée à une feuille plastique Expired - Lifetime EP0572686B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19920108424 EP0572686B1 (fr) 1992-05-19 1992-05-19 Utilisation d'une feuille de papier pour le transfert de décoration colorée à une feuille plastique
DE59207194T DE59207194D1 (de) 1992-05-19 1992-05-19 Verwendung eines Papiers zum Aufbringen von Farbe auf eine zu dekorierende Kunststoff-Folie

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19920108424 EP0572686B1 (fr) 1992-05-19 1992-05-19 Utilisation d'une feuille de papier pour le transfert de décoration colorée à une feuille plastique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0572686A1 EP0572686A1 (fr) 1993-12-08
EP0572686B1 true EP0572686B1 (fr) 1996-09-18

Family

ID=8209631

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920108424 Expired - Lifetime EP0572686B1 (fr) 1992-05-19 1992-05-19 Utilisation d'une feuille de papier pour le transfert de décoration colorée à une feuille plastique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0572686B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59207194D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2714331A1 (fr) * 1993-12-23 1995-06-30 Hainaut Sa Fibres Procédé de traitement et d'impression d'un film en matière plastique, dispositif pour sa mise en Óoeuvre, applicatioons du film plastique coloré et imprimé obtenu par ce procédé.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4202663A (en) * 1972-09-25 1980-05-13 Haigh John M Method of dye absorption into the surface of plastic
FR2364130A1 (fr) * 1976-09-10 1978-04-07 Stork Brabant Bv Procede et appareil d'impression a report sous vide
DE3004518C2 (de) * 1980-02-07 1987-12-23 Laube, Reiner, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum Färben (Bedrucken) von Skideck- oder Laufbelägen, sowie danach hergestellte Beläge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59207194D1 (de) 1996-10-24
EP0572686A1 (fr) 1993-12-08

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