EP0571586A1

EP0571586A1 - Material composed of carbon compounds

Info

Publication number: EP0571586A1
Application number: EP92924605A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Klaus-Dietrich Nickel
Original assignee: Citadel Investments Ltd
Current assignee: Citadel Investments Ltd
Priority date: 1991-12-04
Filing date: 1992-11-26
Publication date: 1993-12-01
Also published as: PL170735B1; TW235305B; JPH06505527A; AU3082792A; RU2089566C1; PL300205A1; CN1076433A; WO1993012169A1; FI933456A0; AU666898B2; CA2101650A1; HUT76624A; NO932776D0; DE4140025A1; HU9302106D0; DE4140025C2; NO932776L; FI933456A

Abstract

Un matériau en composés carbonés façonnable en corps moulés, films, plaques, tuyaux ou similaires de haute qualité par toutes les machines usuelles de façonnage de matières plastiques, peut en outre être réutilisé plusieurs fois sans aucune réduction sensible de sa qualité. Avant tout, il peut être éliminé par incinération avec une haute valeur calorifique, sans salir les systèmes d'incinération ni polluer l'atmosphère avec des substances toxiques de manière inadmissible.A material of carbon compounds which can be shaped into molded bodies, films, plates, pipes or the like of high quality by all the usual machines for shaping plastics, can moreover be reused several times without any appreciable reduction in its quality. Above all, it can be eliminated by incineration with a high calorific value, without dirtying the incineration systems or polluting the atmosphere with toxic substances in an unacceptable way.

Description

Material made of carbon compounds

The invention relates to a material consisting of carbon compounds, which can be processed with all known plastics processing machines into shaped bodies, plates, tubes, foils or the like.

In addition to the numerous different pure plastics, such as. B. polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene (low and high density), polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamides, etc. have, in part, also for cost reasons, plastic-filler combinations in the market have become particularly important. Combinations of finely grained carbon powders, coke powders and petroleum coke powders embedded in a matrix of thermoplastic polymers have also become known to cover special market requirements, although in some cases the finely grained powders made of coal, coke or petroleum coke were not considered to be fillers in the usual sense , but more or less also as an integral part of the thermoplastic polymer, which significantly influences the properties of this plastic. Also known is a process for the production of plastically deformable compositions made of polyethylene and finely powdered fillers made of coke, in which at least a quarter of their weight, but preferably the same amount or more, of fine powdery coke has been added to the polyethylene matrix in a manner known per se. (DE-AS 1 065607).

The coal or coke powders in the plastically deformable masses did not have the often material-worsening properties of the mostly used fillers, but surprisingly led to improved physical properties of the molding compositions (improved tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, tensile elongation and cold break stability); the molding compounds were easily deformable. - Hard coal, petroleum or pitch coke have proven to be particularly suitable for filling the polyethylene matrix. Especially from low-ash hard coal coke, good elastic plates could be formed with the same parts of polyethylene. In the bending test, in contrast to the filling of the polyethylene matrix with other fillers, e.g. B. slate flour, showed good stability. With the same mixing ratio of slate flour and polyethylene, the panels broke after only a few bending stresses.

In the known method, the coke powders are produced in the usual way by grinding. Not only can powders with a high fineness (6,400 mesh cm ² ) but also with a coarser structure (900 mesh cm ² ) be used for high-quality molding compounds.

Crosslinking agents, lubricants and other known additives, such as UV stabilizers, heat stabilizers, etc., can also be added to the mixture of polyethylenes and coke powders.

The good weldability of the moldings produced from the known molding compositions is particularly emphasized.

Molding compositions with a content of finely divided coke with a diameter of less than 60 μm made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, ethylene-propylene, ethylene-butylene or propylene-butylene in copolymers are also known, these containing 200 to 400 parts of finely divided petroleum coke per 100 parts of polymers, which has at least 80% an average particle size between 0.75 and 50 μm (DE-AS 1 259 095). These molding compositions were based on the knowledge that the size distribution of the petroleum coke particles was critical for achieving a high structure is in the end product. It was practically impossible to add more than 150 to 200 parts of petroleum coke sticks to these polymers, the average diameter of which was greater than 50 μm. (!!) In addition, these products did not have the required high impact tensile and flexural tensile strength. Surprisingly, it was found that when petroikoks were crushed and particles with a particle size between 0.75 and about 50 μm were mixed with the polymers, extremely advantageous physical properties were achieved.

Any commercially available polyolefin or mixed polyolefin with a melting coefficient between about 10 and 0.2 and a molecular weight between about 50,000 and 700,000 can be used to produce the known molding compositions.

The crushing and calibration of the petroleum coke before it is used in the known molding materials can be achieved by grinding in a ball mill, rod mill, hammer mill, spinning the coke parts by blowing with steam or air against a surface, by centrifugal centrifugal action of rotor blades (Pallmann pulverizing device) by supersonic vibration or by using opposing steel rollers at a distance of 0.0254 cm or less.

Since the hardness of petroikoks, especially when the ash content is relatively high, can be considerable, e.g. B. 7.5 - 8 on the Mohs hardness scale, comminution of the petroleum coke in one of the aforementioned ways leads to rapid wear of the comminution devices and consequently to metal, iron or steel residues in the regrind, which must either be laboriously and costly removed or leads to properties of the molding compositions that are not acceptable in all areas of application.

Also known is a process for producing specially milled coals as fillers for plastics, in which a hard coal, such as anthracite, is comminuted in a non-oxidizing atmosphere in such a way that the average particle sizes do not exceed 2.5 μm, and in particular there is a particle size distribution in which at least 90% is less than 5 μm. (DE-OS 1 592 914).

These known forms of coal are generally obtained by comminuting or grinding conventional coals, preferably in autogenous comminution mills, mills working with fluid in particular being used in this way find how they are generally known under the name "Humcan mills". When crushing, these mills contain no air or free oxygen, because otherwise the fluid has an adverse effect on the ground coals, which are intended for use, for example, in rubber and other polymers. The non-oxidizing atmosphere in the known grinding of coal is necessary because particles with a very high reactivity are formed when the coke breaks down; possibly due to the breaking of ties. This can occur during grinding, with the result that such broken bonds react with the atmospheric oxygen and thereby lose their reactivity. However, if adequate protection is provided for the broken bonds, these bonds can react with other constituents of the polymers and lead to polymers or rubbers with physical properties which are excellent.

The influence of oxygen is prevented during comminution by an inert gas atmosphere, while classification, however, by spraying with zinc stearate at approximately 0.1 or 1%, based on the weight of the product, the particles being coated individually with the zinc stearate until a relatively uniform coating has been obtained. The coating melts when the coke powder thus protected is added to the natural rubber to vulcanize it.

In addition to being an additive for natural rubber, the coal processed by the known method can also be used as a filler for conventional plastics.

Other processes for the production of coke mixtures have become known, e.g. B. according to DE-OS 1 719 517, wherein a high surface area occurs with ground particles that are used for the admixture of plastic. Plastics for the production of pipes, plates, disks and other shaped bodies by extrusion and injection molding, in which the plastic has electro-antistatic properties through the addition of electrically conductive carbon materials (DE-OS 2 017 410) as well as modified plastics which contain oleophilic graphite, which is produced by grinding a natural or synthetic graphite in an organic liquid in the absence of air.

All of these materials have the disadvantage that the preparation of the coal or coke is complex and costly, which makes them the price per unit weight of the finished material so increased that with all the advantages that these materials have, their use has remained within reasonable limits because of the costs.

Another disadvantage is the fact that these plastics or plastic-filler combinations can only be recycled to a greater or lesser extent. Rather, with the previously known plastic-filler combinations there is usually a considerable loss of quality, with the result that already recycled plastics can often only be used in conjunction with primary plastics or can only be used to produce inferior molded parts without mixing with them.

In addition, considerable problems result from the fact that such materials can only be disposed of, especially if at great expense, if at all. For example, the materials hardly degrade on waste dumps and develop pollutants in the exhaust gases when burned. These disadvantages are all the more significant because the use of plastics is constantly increasing. In 1990 alone, well over 9 million tonnes of plastics were processed in the Federal Republic of Germany alone, without taking into account the newly added East German states, including the chemical fibers to be added. With the growth rate of 8% p. a. of the plastics market, the consumption of plastics in the area of the former FRG would increase to 19 million tons per year by 2000. a. grow. That alone could be the z. For example, the requirements from the packaging ordinance adopted by the government in 1996 pose insoluble tasks, since the disposal of waste plastics from industry and households has so far not been resolved and their recycling rate in West Germany is currently only around. 7%, in contrast, aluminum has 38.3%, waste paper 40.7% and Altgias 43.2% recycling rates. If plastics that are not biodegradable would simply be deposited, landfills with long-term uncertain fate would be created, which would emit as a result of material conversions in air and water.

Also burning most plastics e.g. B. in garbage incineration plants causes considerable difficulties because of the pollution of the plants due to a high ash accumulation by the fillers and a pollution of the flue gases generated during combustion with toxic dioxins or other substances. Such toxicologically critical groups of substances are released during combustion when they pass through the temperature range between 250ºC and 400ºC and thus reach the near-earth atmosphere via the flue gas. Out of such fears the construction of special waste incineration plants for hazardous waste is currently hardly politically enforceable.

Particularly cost-intensive is the sorting out of packaging and household items made of plastic, such as plastic. B. pens, foils, containers, canisters, children's toys and plastic textiles from mixed household waste. All of these plastics consist of primary plastics or secondary plastics, i. H. plastics that have been recycled at least once. As a result of heat and radiation exposure, as well as melting and re-refurbishment in the recycling process, these have a considerable loss in quality compared to primary plastics. If, due to the lack of separation options, plastics are not recycled (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyester, polyamide etc.) or primary plastics and secondary plastics, or if plastics contain color pigments, stabilizers, plasticizers or other additives, especially when used for the first time, there is an additional loss of quality that prohibit the reuse of such plastics for economic reasons. As a result, only a small proportion of plastics are recycled. Recycling without significant loss of quality is only possible with pure plastics. However, these also largely differ according to the type of fillers or color pigments used, so that a loss of quality is inevitable.

Even with the support of the "Dual System", which is being developed in Germany, for example, it will be difficult in future to only 8 to 10% of the total primary plastic production to be largely species-specific (e.g. polyethylene), another 10 to 13% largely species-like and about 10% mixed and contaminated.

Recycled plastics are also found because of their inevitably reduced quality, their poor design and finish, and because they are much too high. Prices do not have the required market acceptance. There are also legal norms and DIN regulations that severely restrict the use of secondary plastics.

After all, it can be assumed that the high costs of collecting, separating, reprocessing, granulating, transporting and re-selling costs will keep the recycling of plastics to a minimum. In addition, as a result of the manufacturer or retailer's obligation to take back used plastic products, market prices for primary plastics will rise between 25 and 30% in order to cover the considerable costs of collecting and classifying them and the resulting costs for the disposal of these materials.

The previous way of recycling plastics sooner or later leads to a mountain of formerly recycled plastics that can no longer be recycled and that are no longer usable for thermal destruction.

In contrast, the invention has for its object to provide inexpensively producible, processable on almost all existing plastics processing machines and systems, consisting of carbon compounds, which not only have at least comparably good mechanical, physical and processing, technical properties such as known materials consisting of carbon compounds have, but can also be reused without devaluing quality and can be disposed of easily and environmentally friendly.

It has been found that this object can be achieved in a simple manner in that the carbon compounds, in addition to very high impact velocities to fine-grained carbon powders, disintegrated low-pollutant and low-ash hard coal, hard coal coke or petroleum coke also contain thermoplastic polymers of the hydrocarbon group which contain the very fine particles of the carbon powder the binding energies released during their high-speed impact crushing in a closed system of material processing systems are chemically combined without additional additives to form a material that can be recycled several times without devaluing quality and with a calorific value of over 37,500 kJ / kg.

With the invention it is possible to supply solid fuels such as carbon in the form of coke, coal, hard coal, petroikoks, in particular anthracite, before their use as thermal energy (combustion) numerous new and different uses, provided that these fuels are low in pollutants and ash and with a lot high impact speeds can be processed into fine-grained carbon powders. It has been found that these very fine particles of the carbon powder release binding energy during their high-speed impact crushing in a closed system of material processing plants, as a result of which they chemically dissolve with thermoplastic polymers without further additions can be combined into materials. These materials and the products made from them have physical and technological properties that are significantly improved over those of the previously used polymers. The surprising thing is that these new materials can be recycled several times without devaluing quality and ultimately can be converted into thermal energy by combustion with a high calorific value, without polluting the combustion chambers or the flue gases produced during combustion beyond the permissible level. The new materials in circulation therefore represent an environmentally friendly considerable energy reserve.

Thanks to the invention, this energy reserve can be converted into thermal energy even after repeated recycling, in an environmentally friendly and almost cost-neutral manner, without using landfills or waste incineration plants.

The fuels can in principle be shredded in shredders suitable for high-speed impact crushing. However, it has been found that a particularly advantageous, above all economical and inexpensive comminution is achieved in eddy current disintegrators according to the German patent DE 3802260 D2. Such vortex flow disintegrators work with counter-rotating, radially successive blade rings in such a way that vortex zones are formed in the annular spaces between the blade rings, in which the fuel particles collide at high speeds without any disturbing metal abrasion taking place. On average, each fuel particle experiences eight collisions with other particles as it passes through the radially successive vortex zones, with impingement velocities close to the speed of sound occurring especially in the last vortex zone between the penultimate and the outer blade ring, but also beyond.

The comminution time within a vortex flow disintegrator is extremely short at 0.5 seconds, measured on a comminution time of the fuels, for example in a ball mill or other comminution devices, which not only results in less expensive processing than in other mills, but also a significant procedural advantage, since released binding energies (primarily ions or electrons) are not so quickly dissipated into the ground via the metal construction of the processing plant.

The material comminution in an eddy current disintegrator of the type mentioned thus has another important value over other types of comminution advantage. As a result of the high impact speeds during comminution, but above all because the fuel particles themselves collide with one another and are not hurled against a wall or the like by centrifugal forces or even surface-compacted by the balls in a ball mill, high binding energies can be released and largely obtained, which during Bringing together the fuel parts with the hydrocarbon of the polymers in the extruder are almost completely available to improve the material quality of the material according to the invention. In the described high-speed impact crushing, the weakest binding energies disintegrate first, unlike in the case of shear or tear crushing, e.g. B. according to DEOS 1 592 914. In the described high-speed impact crushing only the weakest binding energies of the fuel particles are released, so that the fuel breaks down into many stable microparticles. What is created as micropowder thus has a firm bond quality in its particles and forms chemical compounds with the respective polymer, which lead to the excellent properties of the new material.

The high-speed impact crushing provides excitation energy for the hydrogen ions / electrons and the carbon electrons, which can occupy free orbitals, even of a higher energy level. This process depends on the temperature. According to the invention, therefore, the high-speed impact crushing and also the mixing of the activated carbon powder with the polymers in the extruder is carried out with the supply of heat and partly under an inert gas atmosphere, in order to prevent released binding energies from reacting with the oxygen in the air. In addition, the reactivity of the carbon powder is increased by supplying heat energy before and in the extruder. It has been found that the best processing temperature of the carbon powder with the polymers into a bonded material in the extruder is between 240 and 300 ° C. If this temperature is lowered too much, the high quality properties of the new materials, including the good electrical conductivity, will not be achieved.

The above-described preparation process with high-speed impact crushing at almost the speed of sound leads to a change in the surface of anthracite with the formation of pores with diameters below 3.6 μm in the particle structure, with the result that the surface of the particle particles is 10 times larger than in spheres - or vibrating mills prepared anthracite. (Grain size sealed at 40 μm) The surface for high-speed impact crushing was 28 m ² / g instead of 2.6 m ² / g and 2.8 m ² / g when processed with a ball or vibrating mill. The pores arise from the fact that the Velocity impact crushing near the sound limit briefly temperatures up to 300ºC arise during the impact processes and thereby volatile components of the anthracite are released. It is therefore particularly important to ensure that these micropores make the anthracite hygroscopic (up to 6% water absorption, partly also from the ambient air). The ability of liquids to penetrate and settle in these micropores is due to the molecular structure of the respective liquid. H ⁺ ions, or at least H ⁺ dipoles, occupy corresponding positions in the pores so that OH ions or OH dipoles can no longer accumulate there. (This process is time-dependent.) An extension of the storage time of the anthracite before further processing in the extruder correspondingly reduces the absorption capacity of molecules with an OH group. This process plays a major role in the combination of carbon powder, preferably anthracite powder, with the polymers by extrusion and must therefore be taken into account.

From the "preference" of, for example, the disintegrated anthracite of H ⁺ ions, which can be demonstrated by absorption tests with water or phenol, it must be concluded that the hydrogen of the - CH ₂ --CH ₂ chains of the polymer with the carbon in the material according to the invention Chains of anthracite - C - C - C - chemically connects.

According to the invention, the purest possible polymers or polypropylenes are used as polymers, which are melted at 240.degree. C. to 300.degree. C., for example in a twin-screw extruder with screws rotating in the same direction, and the processed carbon powder, preferably the finely divided disintegrated anthracite heated to 200 to 300.degree. The anthracite content varies from granule type to granule type between 40 - 80 M%. The resulting extrudate is granulated so that it remains storable without quality devaluation and can be processed into marketable products on almost all known plastic processing machines or systems (e.g. molded articles, plates, tubes, foils and, because of its chemical and UV resistance, also to containers, tanks, drums and canisters for the disposal of chemical waste and special waste).

Low-ash and low-sulfur anthracite is particularly suitable as a finely grained carbon powder with approximately the following analysis values:

Carbon content over 94%

Ash content below 3.5% Sulfur content below 1.5%

volatile components below 2.5%

Calorific value over 35.500kJ / kg

This material consists of 70% by weight powdered anthracite and 30% by weight polyethylene.

According to the invention, this finely grained anthracite powder chemically combines with the polyethylene to form a new material. Compared to pure polyethylene, this has the following performance values:

Characteristic value DIN polyethylene new material

(Standard type)

Tensile strength 53455 25 N / mm ² 35 N / mm2

Elongation 53 455 6% 2%

Flexural strength 53 452 18 N / mm ² 44 N / mm ²

E-module 53 457 840 N / mm ² 2460 N / mm ²

Impact strength 53 453 without break without break

Softening temperature ISO 306 78ºC 107ºC

Vicat

electr. Conductivity 2 * 10 ¹⁴ Ω 1 * 10 ⁶ Ω

Cold impact strength without break without break

Further data and comparisons can be found in the graphic representations.

This performance data is better than the performance data of most materials that have become known in the prior art. When weathered, the tensile strength of the new material does not decrease as much compared to pure PE. The impact strength is fully retained even after 500 hours.

According to the invention, depending on the intended use of the material, the fine-grained carbon puivers are disintegrated and sized to grain sizes between 10 μm and 90 μm. Their weight shares in the new material make up between 20 to 70%, whereby the difference to 100% of the weight parts consists of polymers.

It is particularly important that the calorific value of the new material is higher than that of the usual fuels, as the table below shows; Substance calorific value

Hard coal 21 - 33 kJ / g

Natural gas 37 kJ / g

new material up to 38.5 kJ / g (depending on the mass fraction

of polymers)

As a result, the new material can be disposed of without difficulty even after repeated recycling by incineration in power plants, cement plants, lime plants, etc. or in waste incineration plants to obtain environmentally friendly thermal energy. Up to now, an amount of up to DM 400 per ton had to be paid for the burning of plastics in special waste incineration plants. In contrast, a delivery to power plants, cement plants, lime distilleries, etc. can pay the high calorific value to the supplier! Because of the high carbon content of over 90%, such material waste is also interesting for the steel industry to improve the steel quality! Contamination of the combustion systems or pollution of the flue gases beyond the permissible level of pollutants does not occur.

Processable special qualities of material granules or material powders with high strength, high temperature resistance and high electrical conductivity result if the materials are processed in a treatment system that is completely sealed off from the ambient air in an inert gas atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere with a residual oxygen content of up to 3% and without further processing Contacts with the air atmosphere are stored in gas-tight packaging.

The low-pollutant disposal is achieved in that the thermoplastic polymers added in each case, as additives, stabilizers, electrical conductors or pigments, contain only those substances which, when the material or the products produced therefrom are burned, do not contain the flue gas with toxic substances or beyond the permissible level pollute with pollutants.

It has been found that a material consisting, for example, of 70% by weight of powdered anthracite and 30% by weight of polyethylene, at normal ambient temperatures up to max. 37 "C cannot be attacked by chemical reagents and is UV-resistant. (Test time 2000 hours, anthracite-pore upper limit at 60 μm) By crosslinking the material according to the invention with an eecrone accelerator, the strength and thermal resilience of the products made from it can be increased even more (e.g. in the case of tubes, watering agents, fassam, molded parts, etc.) - however, the thermoplastic properties coexist with the degree of crosslinking back. Largely cross-linked materials are no longer suitable for recycling, but do not undermine their significant advantages for environmentally friendly disposal as a low-pollutant fuel with a high calorific value!

In the following, the essential properties of the new materials are explained using graphical representations, taking parameters into account

Figure 1 shows how the tensile strength (= stress at the yield point) of the materials according to the invention increases with an increase in the anthracite content with a grain size of 60 μm. A comparison basis with 100% serves pure polyethylene (PE). The analysis values of the anthracite correspond to those which are characterized in claim 2. As the grain size of the anthracite powder becomes smaller, the tensile strength increases only slightly.

Figure 2 shows the increase in strength of the new materials as a function of the anthracite mass. Pure PE with 25.2 N / mm ² and pure PP with 32.5 N / mm ² serve as the basis. The anthracite again has a grain size of 50 μm. It is interesting that a material with PE as a polymer component has significantly higher tensile strength than a material that contains PP as a polymer component. Obviously, the anthracite prepared according to the invention reacts more stable with PE than with PP. With both materials, the tensile strength increases differently with increasing amounts of anthracite.

Figure 3 shows the impact strength of the new materials depending on the different fineness of the anthracite in the material. Basically, the impact strength is fully retained with a grain size of the anthracite powder from 90 μm to 30% by weight of anthracite. With increasing anthracite masses, it then drops and reaches a lower value of 20% with a mass fraction of anthracite of 60%. They behave similarly in the case of materials in which the anthracite powder have grain sizes of 60 μm, 30 μm or 10 μm. If the impact strength with a high proportion of anthracite in the new material is more important, it is advisable to choose a smaller grain size. According to Figure 4, the impact resistance of the materials according to the invention does not change due to the assessment. PE, on the other hand, becomes brittle after only 250 hours. In industry, this disadvantage of PE is usually compensated for by the addition of stabilizers. The material according to the invention does not need these additives.

According to Figure 5, the mass fraction of anthracite also has an influence on the electrical conductivity. The conductivity reaches a maximum at 80% mass fraction of anthracite (which corresponds to a minimum of the surface resistance).

According to Figure 6, the tensile strength of the material is practically fully retained after repeated recycling. The tensile elongation increases. Only after the third recycling of the material does the impact resistance drop to 50%. The notched impact strength also decreases with the number of recycling cycles. However, both characteristics are still completely sufficient for many products even after recycling five times. The softening temperature decreases only slightly. The high calorific value of the new materials remains unaffected by the recycling cycles.

As Schaubiid 7 shows, the mass fraction of anthracite also influences the softening temperature of the new materials. Starting from a softening temperature of 78ºC of the pure PE, which was set at 100%, the softening temperature of the material with 70% by mass of anthracite with a grain size of 60 μm is almost 137%, that is about 107ºC.

Claims

Claims 1. Made of carbon compounds, with all known

Plastic processing machines for shaped articles, plates, pipes, foils or the like processable material, characterized in that the carbon compounds apart from very high impact speeds to fine-grained carbon powders disintegrated low-pollutant and low-ash hard coal, hard coal coke or petroleum coke also contain thermoplastic polymers of the hydrocarbon group, which contain the fine particles of the carbon powder through the high-speed impact crushing in a closed system. binding energies released from material processing plants are chemically combined without additional additives to form a material that can be recycled several times without devaluing quality and with a calorific value of over 37,500 kJ / kg.

2. Material according to claim 1, characterized in that a carbon-finely prepared carbon powder, preferably low-ash and low-sulfur anthracite, is used with approximately the following analysis values:

Carbon content> 94%

Ash content <2%

volatile components <2.5%

Sulfur content <1.5%

3. Material according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the very fine-grained carbon powders, depending on the use of the material on grain sizes between 10 microns and 90 microns are disintegrated and make up between 20 to 70% by weight of the material, the difference being 100% of the Parts by weight consist of polymers

4. Material according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that preferably used as thermoplastic polymers are polyethylenes or polypropylenes.

5. Material according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in

that the coolant powders are disintegrated with high impact speeds of up to 320 m / sec, preferably in a Willelstrom disintegrator with low metal abrasion.

6. Material according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is processed in a completely closed to the outside atmosphere processing system in an inert gas atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere with a residual oxygen content of up to 3% and stored until further processing without contact with the air atmosphere packed gas-tight.

7. Material according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the chemical bond between the fine-grained disintegrated carbon powders and the selected polymers is carried out in an extruder by supplying thermal energy as a working temperature between 200 ° C and 300 ° C.

8. Material according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the supplied finely divided disintegrated carbon powder and the selected polymers are brought together and processed under an operating pressure of 200 N / mm ² in an extruder.

9. Material according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fine-grained disintegrated Kohienstoffpuiver are heated to the working temperature before being introduced into the exiruder.

10. Material according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the thermoplastic polymers added in each case as additives, stabilizers, electrical conductors or pigments contain only those substances which, when the material or the products produced therefrom are used, do not contain the Rauchcas with toxic substances or pollute with harmful substances beyond the permissible level.

11. Material according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it preferably consists of 60% by weight of powdered anthracite and 40% by weight of polyethylene