EP0570796B1 - Processing of reversal photographic materials - Google Patents
Processing of reversal photographic materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0570796B1 EP0570796B1 EP93107557A EP93107557A EP0570796B1 EP 0570796 B1 EP0570796 B1 EP 0570796B1 EP 93107557 A EP93107557 A EP 93107557A EP 93107557 A EP93107557 A EP 93107557A EP 0570796 B1 EP0570796 B1 EP 0570796B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- reversal
- log
- processing
- photographic materials
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/50—Reversal development; Contact processes
Definitions
- Color reversal films are processed worldwide according to a standardized process, the E6 process, which consists of the steps Initial development First wash Reverse bath Color development Conditioning bath Bleach bath Fixer Final watering Stabilizing bath Drying exists (communication from Eastman Kodak to processing laboratories in December 1985).
- Hydroquinone sulfonic acid will be the first developer at one pH of 9.7 used.
- the reverse bath, the unexposed Silver halide developable contains at least one tin (II) complex, which is at about pH 5.8 is used.
- the color developer comes with the color developer substance CD 3 applied at pH 12.1.
- the first wash serves the chemical reactions to interrupt after the end of the initial development period and a procrastination by first developers into that To prevent reverse bath.
- the object of the invention was to reduce the photographic Results to create an improvement.
- watering is dispensed with can be, if the subsequent reversal bath in a countercurrent cascade with at least 2 stages, preferably 2 to 4 stages.
- the invention therefore relates to a method for processing photographic Reverse silver halide materials with steps (a) initial development, (b) Reverse, (c) color development, (d) conditioning, (e) bleaching, (f) fixation, (g) optionally watering, (h) stabilizing and (i) drying, characterized in that that no washing was turned on between steps (a) and (b) and step (b) is carried out in countercurrent with at least stages.
- the recommended amount of refill solution not increased. 1100 ml / m2 is recommended Reversal material. Furthermore, the composition of the reversal bath is not changed.
- the reverse bath can also have a pH value and a dilution factor for the concentrate to be adapted to the changed mode of operation and the carry-over rate.
- the final rinsing to which 7.5 l of water / minute is also required according to the standard specification, is dispensed with, and the stabilizing bath is conducted in countercurrent with at least 2 stages, preferably 3 to 5 stages.
- the recommended amount of refill solution of 1100 ml / m 2 is preferably not exceeded.
- the composition of the stabilizing bath also remains unchanged.
- Example 1 The same films as in Example 1 were made according to the invention Process developed, i.e. without Watering after the first developer and with a 2-stage Reverse bath-countercurrent cascade with otherwise with the Standard process matching process data.
- the regeneration rate of the reversal bath was 1.1 l / m 2
- the carryover of the developer into the reversal bath was 70 ml / m 2 .
- the reversal bath contains in the state of use in the first stage 64 ml first developer / l, in the second Level 4.5 ml first developer / l.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
Colorumkehrfilme werden weltweit nach einem standardisierten
Verfahren, dem E6-Prozeß, verarbeitet, der aus
den Schritten
Erstentwicklung
Erste Wässerung
Umkehrbad
Farbentwicklung
Konditionierbad
Bleichbad
Fixierbad
Schlußwässerung
Stabilisierbad
Trocknung
besteht (Mitteilung der Fa. Eastman Kodak an Verarbeitungslabors
vom Dezember 1985).Color reversal films are processed worldwide according to a standardized process, the E6 process, which consists of the steps
Initial development
First wash
Reverse bath
Color development
Conditioning bath
Bleach bath
Fixer
Final watering
Stabilizing bath
Drying exists (communication from Eastman Kodak to processing laboratories in December 1985).
Als Erstentwickler wird Hydrochinonsulfonsäure bei einem pH-Wert von 9,7 eingesetzt. Das Umkehrbad, das unbelichtetes Silberhalogenid entwickelbar macht, enthält wenigstens einen Zinn(II)-komplex, der bei etwa pH 5,8 verwendet wird. Der Farbentwickler wird mit der Farbentwicklersubstanz CD 3 bei pH 12,1 angewendet.Hydroquinone sulfonic acid will be the first developer at one pH of 9.7 used. The reverse bath, the unexposed Silver halide developable contains at least one tin (II) complex, which is at about pH 5.8 is used. The color developer comes with the color developer substance CD 3 applied at pH 12.1.
Die erste Wässerung dient dazu, die chemischen Reaktionen nach Ablauf der Erstentwicklungszeit zu unterbrechen und eine Verschleppung von Erstentwickler in das Umkehrbad zu verhindern. Eine ungenügende Wässerungsrate, inkorrekte Wassertemperaturen (empfohlen werden 33 bis 39°C) oder zu lange Wässerungszeiten (empfohlen werden 1 bis 4 Minuten) können Veränderungen der Dichte (Empfindlichkeitsausnutzung) sowie Farbverschiebungen verursachen. Wie wichtig diese erste Wässerung ist, geht daraus hervor, daß pro Minute 7,5 1 frisches Wasser verwendet werden müssen.The first wash serves the chemical reactions to interrupt after the end of the initial development period and a procrastination by first developers into that To prevent reverse bath. An insufficient watering rate, incorrect water temperatures (recommended 33 to 39 ° C) or too long washing times (recommended can be 1 to 4 minutes) changes in density (Sensitivity utilization) as well as color shifts cause. How important this first wash is that 7.5 1 fresh water per minute must be used.
Wird nicht gründlich genug gewässert, ist mit einem Anstieg des pH-Wertes im Umkehrbad, was zu schnellerer Alterung dieses Bades durch Oxidation führt, und mit Reduktion des Silberhalogenids zu Silber, obwohl nur Schleierkeime gebildet werden sollen, zu rechnen, was zu den vorstehend erwähnten unerwünschten fotografischen Effekten führt.If you don't water thoroughly enough, use one Increase in pH in the reversal bath, resulting in faster This bath ages due to oxidation, and with Reduction of the silver halide to silver, though only Veil germs are to be formed to calculate what to the undesirable photographic mentioned above Effects.
Andererseits wirft die große Menge an Waschwasser ökologische Probleme auf und verursacht mit der notwendigen Entsorgung erhebliche Kosten.On the other hand, the large amount of wash water throws up ecological problems and causes with the necessary Disposal significant costs.
Aufgabe der Erfindung war es, ohne Minderung der fotografischen Ergebnisse eine Verbesserung zu schaffen. The object of the invention was to reduce the photographic Results to create an improvement.
Es wurde nun überraschend gefunden, daß auf die Wässerung verzichtet werden kann, wenn das nachfolgende Umkehrbad in einer Gegenstromkaskade mit wenigstens 2 Stufen, vorzugsweise 2 bis 4 Stufen angewendet wird.It has now surprisingly been found that watering is dispensed with can be, if the subsequent reversal bath in a countercurrent cascade with at least 2 stages, preferably 2 to 4 stages.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist daher ein Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von fotografischen Umkehrsilberhalogenidmaterialien mit den Schritten (a) Erstentwicklung, (b) Umkehren, (c) Farbentwicklung, (d) Konditionieren, (e) Bleichen, (f) Fixieren, (g) gegebenenfalls Wässern, (h) Stabilisieren und (i) Trocknen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Schritten (a) und (b) keine Wässerung eingeschaltet und Schritt (b) im Gegenstrom mit mindestens Stufen durchgeführt wird.The invention therefore relates to a method for processing photographic Reverse silver halide materials with steps (a) initial development, (b) Reverse, (c) color development, (d) conditioning, (e) bleaching, (f) fixation, (g) optionally watering, (h) stabilizing and (i) drying, characterized in that that no washing was turned on between steps (a) and (b) and step (b) is carried out in countercurrent with at least stages.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird für das Umkehrbad die empfohlene Nachfüllösungsmenge nicht erhöht. Empfohlen werden 1100 ml/m2 Umkehrmaterial. Weiterhin wird auch die Zusammensetzung des Umkehrbades nicht verändert.In a further advantageous embodiment, the recommended amount of refill solution not increased. 1100 ml / m2 is recommended Reversal material. Furthermore, the composition of the reversal bath is not changed.
Das Umkehrbad kann aber auch im pH-Wert und im Verdünnungsfaktor des Konzentrates der veränderten Arbeitsweise und der Verschleppungsrate angepaßt werden. The reverse bath can also have a pH value and a dilution factor for the concentrate to be adapted to the changed mode of operation and the carry-over rate.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird auch auf die Schlußwässerung, zu der nach Standardvorschrift ebenfalls 7,5 1 Wasser/Minute erforderlich sind, verzichtet, und das Stabilisierbad im Gegenstrom mit mindestens 2 Stufen, vorzugsweise 3 bis 5 Stufen geführt. Für das Stabilisierbad wird die empfohlene Nachfüllösungsmenge von 1100 ml/m2 vorzugsweise nicht überschritten. Auch die Zusammensetzung des Stabilisierbades bleibt unverändert.In a further advantageous embodiment, the final rinsing, to which 7.5 l of water / minute is also required according to the standard specification, is dispensed with, and the stabilizing bath is conducted in countercurrent with at least 2 stages, preferably 3 to 5 stages. For the stabilizing bath, the recommended amount of refill solution of 1100 ml / m 2 is preferably not exceeded. The composition of the stabilizing bath also remains unchanged.
Es können demnach die im Handel angebotenen Umkehr- und Stabilisierbäder ebenso wie alle anderen notwendigen Bäder unverändert im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren eingesetzt werden. Accordingly, the reversal and Stabilizing baths as well as all other necessary ones Baths used unchanged in the process according to the invention will.
Drei handelsübliche Umkehrfilme
Agfachrome 100 RS
Ektachrome Plus 100
Fujichrome RDP 100
wurden je mit einem Graustufenkeil belichtet und gemäß
E6 Spezifikation entwickelt. Dabei wurden die in der
nachfolgenden Tabelle angegebenen Werte erhalten.Three commercial reversal films
Agfachrome 100 RS
Ektachrome Plus 100
Fujichrome RDP 100 were each exposed with a grayscale wedge and developed in accordance with the E6 specification. The values given in the table below were obtained.
Die gleichen Filme wie im Beispiel 1 wurden nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren entwickelt, d.h. ohne Wässerung nach dem Erstentwickler und mit einer 2-stufigen Umkehrbad-Gegenstromkaskade mit sonst mit dem Standardprozeß übereinstimmenden Prozeßdaten.The same films as in Example 1 were made according to the invention Process developed, i.e. without Watering after the first developer and with a 2-stage Reverse bath-countercurrent cascade with otherwise with the Standard process matching process data.
Es wurden die in der folgenden Tabelle angegebenen sensitometrischen Werte erhalten.There were given in the table below obtained sensitometric values.
Die Regenerierquote des Umkehrbades betrug 1,1 l/m2, die Verschleppung des Entwicklers in das Umkehrbad betrug 70 ml/m2.The regeneration rate of the reversal bath was 1.1 l / m 2 , the carryover of the developer into the reversal bath was 70 ml / m 2 .
Damit enthält das Umkehrbad im Gebrauchszustand in der ersten Stufe 64 ml Erstentwickler/l, in der zweiten Stufe 4,5 ml Erstentwickler/l. Thus, the reversal bath contains in the state of use in the first stage 64 ml first developer / l, in the second Level 4.5 ml first developer / l.
Diese Bäder wurden in Stufe 1 und 2 bei ansonsten unveränderten Bedingungen gegenüber Beispiel 2 verwendet.These baths were in levels 1 and 2 with otherwise unchanged Conditions compared to Example 2 used.
Es wurden die in der folgenden Tabelle angegebenen sensitometrischen Werte erhalten.There were given in the table below obtained sensitometric values.
In der nachfolgenden Tabelle bedeuten:
- Gamma 0:
- Steigung der Gradation zwischen 0,1 log I.t über Schleier und 5 log I.t
- Gamma 1:
- Steigung der Gradation zwischen 5 log I.t und 10 log I.t
- Gamma 2:
- Steigung der Gradation zwischen 10 log I.t und 15 log I.t
- D-Max:
- Maximaldichte
- D-Min:
- Schleier
- Gamma 0:
- Gradation gradient between 0.1 log It over veil and 5 log It
- Gamma 1:
- Gradation slope between 5 log It and 10 log It
- Gamma 2:
- Gradation slope between 10 log It and 15 log It
- D-Max:
- Maximum density
- D-Min:
- veil
Es sind jeweils von links die Dichten für Gelb, Purpur und Blaugrün angegeben.From the left there are the densities for yellow and purple and teal indicated.
Aus der Tabelle ist zu erkennen, daß nach allen
Beispielen für die drei eingesetzten handelsüblichen
Umkehrfilme nur geringe Abweichungen, die weitgehend
innerhalb der Fehlergrenze liegen, gefunden werden.
Claims (2)
- Process for processing photographic reversal silver halide materials having the steps (a) first development, (b) reversal, (c) colour development, (d) conditioning, (e) bleaching, (f) fixing, (g) optionally rinsing, (h) stabilisation and (i) drying, characterised in that no rinsing is performed between steps (a) and (b) and step (b) is performed countercurrently in at least two stages.
- Process according to claim 1, characterised in that rinsing (g) is avoided and step (h) is performed countercurrently in at least two stages.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4217022A DE4217022A1 (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1992-05-22 | Processing of reversal materials |
| DE4217022 | 1992-05-22 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0570796A2 EP0570796A2 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
| EP0570796A3 EP0570796A3 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
| EP0570796B1 true EP0570796B1 (en) | 1998-11-11 |
Family
ID=6459525
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93107557A Expired - Lifetime EP0570796B1 (en) | 1992-05-22 | 1993-05-10 | Processing of reversal photographic materials |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5869224A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0570796B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0635135A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4217022A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9716554D0 (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 1997-10-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | New fogging solution for a reversal process |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6161160A (en) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Processing method of silver halide color photosensitive material |
| JPS63129341A (en) * | 1986-11-19 | 1988-06-01 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Silver halide color reversal photographic sensitive material |
| JPH07109497B2 (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1995-11-22 | コニカ株式会社 | Processing method of silver halide color photosensitive material |
| JPH02952A (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1990-01-05 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method of processing silver halide photographic sensitive material |
| EP0364845B1 (en) * | 1988-10-20 | 1995-01-04 | Agfa-Gevaert AG | Photographic-reversal process |
| WO1993023793A1 (en) * | 1992-05-12 | 1993-11-25 | Eastman Kodak Company | Addenda for an aqueous photographic stabilizing solution |
-
1992
- 1992-05-22 DE DE4217022A patent/DE4217022A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-05-10 EP EP93107557A patent/EP0570796B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-10 DE DE59309118T patent/DE59309118D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-12 US US08/059,983 patent/US5869224A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-18 JP JP5139006A patent/JPH0635135A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0635135A (en) | 1994-02-10 |
| EP0570796A2 (en) | 1993-11-24 |
| DE4217022A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
| DE59309118D1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
| EP0570796A3 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
| US5869224A (en) | 1999-02-09 |
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