EP0364845B1 - Photographic-reversal process - Google Patents
Photographic-reversal process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0364845B1 EP0364845B1 EP89118691A EP89118691A EP0364845B1 EP 0364845 B1 EP0364845 B1 EP 0364845B1 EP 89118691 A EP89118691 A EP 89118691A EP 89118691 A EP89118691 A EP 89118691A EP 0364845 B1 EP0364845 B1 EP 0364845B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- developer
- development
- primary
- bath
- alkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 silver halide Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000006274 (C1-C3)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- CSGQJHQYWJLPKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N CITRAZINIC ACID Chemical compound OC(=O)C=1C=C(O)NC(=O)C=1 CSGQJHQYWJLPKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 39
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 15
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVLXDGDLLZYJAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dioctylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC(O)=C(CCCCCCCC)C=C1O QVLXDGDLLZYJAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 4
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCN(O)CC FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazol-3-one Chemical compound O=C1C=CN=N1 JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- AFBBKYQYNPNMAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,2,4-triazol-1-ium-3-thiolate Chemical compound SC=1N=CNN=1 AFBBKYQYNPNMAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GTOOAPLRWMOITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-amino-n-ethyl-3-methylanilino)ethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OCCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C(C)=C1 GTOOAPLRWMOITA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001174 Diethylhydroxylamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WMBCUXKYKVTJRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-1-(oxan-4-yl)methanamine Chemical compound CNCC1CCOCC1 WMBCUXKYKVTJRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000006290 2-hydroxybenzyl group Chemical group [H]OC1=C(C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KRTDQDCPEZRVGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC([N+](=O)[O-])=NC2=C1 KRTDQDCPEZRVGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGNGWHSBYQYVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 BGNGWHSBYQYVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTBFKMDOQMQYPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-diethylbenzene-1,4-diamine;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 XTBFKMDOQMQYPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTFFUUQJZHEORK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dihydroxybenzene-1,2,4-trisulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(S(O)(=O)=O)=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1S(O)(=O)=O QTFFUUQJZHEORK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001136792 Alle Species 0.000 description 1
- XXAXVMUWHZHZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chymopapain Chemical compound OC1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1O XXAXVMUWHZHZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940120146 EDTMP Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DYRDKSSFIWVSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoacetanilide Chemical class CC(=O)CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 DYRDKSSFIWVSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JINBYESILADKFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomalonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C(O)=O JINBYESILADKFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940051880 analgesics and antipyretics pyrazolones Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMEAURNTRYCPNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;iron(2+) Chemical compound N.[Fe+2] UMEAURNTRYCPNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DGJMPUGMZIKDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanoacetamide Chemical class NC(=O)CC#N DGJMPUGMZIKDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005594 diketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N edtmp Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical class CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083761 high-ceiling diuretics pyrazolone derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004989 p-phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenidone Chemical compound N1C(=O)CCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 CMCWWLVWPDLCRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000141 poly(maleic anhydride) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/50—Reversal development; Contact processes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for processing photographic reversal materials, in which washing between the black-and-white and color developing bath is essentially dispensed with.
- a positive color image is formed by exposing a negative working color reversal paper through a special reversal development.
- the color reversal paper has at least one blue-sensitive silver-halide layer containing a yellow coupler, at least one green-sensitive layer containing green-sensitive couplers and at least one red-sensitive silver-halide layer containing a cyan coupler.
- the current state of the art is characterized by the Kodak R3 process.
- the total processing time for this process is 600 seconds. Of this, 75 seconds are allotted to the initial development; 90 seconds for the absolutely necessary two-stage cascade watering between first and color developer and 135 seconds for color development.
- the remaining time is taken up by bleaching and washing.
- Postponement of the first developer would, however, be of minor importance if it were comparable to the structure of the color developer and would not cause any side reactions in the color development bath.
- DE-OS 2 249 857 describes a process for reverse development in which black-and-white developer substances as well as color developer substances which are impaired in color coupling activities are used simultaneously in the first development bath.
- the clutch inhibiting effects e.g. canceled by sulfite, ascorbic acid etc.
- the color coupling can take place.
- a disadvantage of this process is the competing presence of two types of developers and the resulting coordination and process problems.
- the object of the invention was to develop a reverse development process in which washing between the first and color development baths can be dispensed with without the disadvantages mentioned above occurring.
- Hydrophilizing groups are understood to mean the radicals -OH, -COOH and -SO3H.
- Preferred compounds of the formula (I) are listed below:
- N, N-diethylhydroxylamine can be mentioned as an example of a hydroxylamine derivative according to formula II.
- Citrazinic acid is described by E. Klingsberg in The Chemistry of Heteryclic Compounds "Pyridine and Derivates Part one", p. 293, Interscience Publications Inc., New York.
- the photographic material can be immediately transferred to the following color development bath without watering, in which the diffuse post-exposure also takes place, or the watering can be greatly shortened.
- the watering times are 1 to 30 seconds, preferably 15 seconds, and can be used for the second exposure.
- the oxidation protection is carried out by means of hydroxylamines, diketones or ⁇ -hydroxyketones instead of sulfite, rhodanide can be added to the first developer to increase sensitivity, preferably in amounts of 2 ⁇ 10 -3 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 mol / l.
- Primary aromatic amino developer substances which are particularly suitable for the first and color development bath are p-phenylenediamines and in particular N, N-dialkyl-p-phenylenediamines, in which the alkyl groups and the aromatic nucleus are substituted or unsubstituted.
- Examples of such compounds are N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride, 4-N, N-diethyl-2-methylphenylenediamine hydrochloride, 4- (N-ethyl-N-2-methanesulfonylaminoethyl) -2-methylphenylenediamine sesquisulfate monohydrate, 4- (N-ethyl-N-2-hydroxyethyl) -2-methylphenylenediamine sulfate and 4-N, N-diethyl-2,2'-methanesulfonylamino-ethylphenylenediamine hydrochloride.
- CD 3 and CD 4 are preferred.
- the content of ascorbic acid or its derivatives in the first development bath is 0.3 to 30 g / l, preferably 2 to 15 g / l.
- Sulfite is used in an amount of 2 to 15 g / l in the first development bath.
- the concentration of citrazinic acid is in the range from 1 to 25 g / l, preferably 5 to 15 g / l.
- Colorless coupling compounds are present in amounts of 1 to 25 g / l in the initial development bath, preferably 2 to 15 g / l.
- the concentrations of the hydroxylamine derivatives are in the range from 3 to 25 g / l, preferably 5 to 15 g / l.
- the substances can also be combined.
- the pH in the initial development bath is in the range from 6.5 to 7.5.
- the concentrations of the developer substances in the first development bath are in the range from 1 to 20 g / l, preferably 4 to 12 g / l.
- the bromide content of the first development bath is between 0 and 1 g / l, preferably 0-0.5 g / l.
- the chloride content can vary between 0.3 and 6 g / l, preferably 0.5 to 5 g / l.
- the black and white development of photographic reversal material performed in the first development bath is completed in less than 60 seconds, preferably in less than 30 seconds.
- wetting agents and complexing agents to the two developer solutions, which accelerate the penetration of the solutions into the emulsion layers or bind calcium ions from the gelatin and the water.
- Suitable complexing agents for complexing calcium ions are, for example, aminopolycarboxylic acids, which are well known per se.
- aminopolycarboxylic acids are nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropyltetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, N, N'-bis- (2-hydroxybenzyl) -ethylenediamine-N, N'-diesiacetic acid, hydroxysethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetamic
- calcium complexing agents are polyphosphates, phosphonic acids, aminopolyphosphonic acids and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, e.g. Sodium hexametaphosphate, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, aminotrismethylenephosphonic acid, ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid. 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid also acts as an iron complexing agent.
- Special iron complexing agents are e.g. 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid, 5,6-dihydroxy-1,2,4-benzenetrisulfonic acid and 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid.
- the iron complexing agent is used in amounts of about 0.02 to about 0.2 moles per mole of developer substance.
- Optical brighteners e.g. Polyalkylene glycols, surfactants, stabilizers, e.g. heterocyclic mercapto compounds or nitrobenzimidazole and means for adjusting the desired pH in question.
- the developer solution may also contain less than 5 g / l benzyl alcohol; it is preferably free of benzyl alcohol.
- the ready-to-use solutions can be prepared from the individual components or from so-called concentrates, the individual components being dissolved in the concentrates in a much higher concentration.
- the concentrates are adjusted so that they can be used to produce a so-called regenerator, ie a solution that has slightly higher concentrations of the individual components than the ready-to-use solution has, on the one hand, by further dilution and addition of a starter, preferably KCI, a ready-to-use solution and, on the other hand, is constantly added to a developer solution in use in order to replace the chemicals consumed during development or removed from the developer solution by overflow or by the developed material.
- a starter preferably KCI
- Chloride ions usually do not need to be added except for the freshly prepared developer, since chloride ions are released from the photographic material by the development.
- the diffuse second exposure takes effect no earlier than 1 second after the material has entered the color development bath, since particularly good maximum densities are then achieved.
- the diffuse second exposure takes place 2 to 15 seconds after the material enters the color development bath.
- the delayed exposure can take place with the aid of a light slot or a division of the second development bath into a dark and a light part.
- the light slit and light / dark separation are applied in such a way that the color developing bath acts on the non-diffusively exposed material for at least 1 second in the dark.
- bleaching and fixing can be combined for bleach-fixing, and the washing can be replaced by a stabilizing bath. If the bleaching or bleach-fixing bath is sufficiently acidic, the stop bath can also be dispensed with.
- a color photographic recording material which is suitable for the processing method according to the invention was produced by applying the following layers in the order given to a layer support on paper coated on both sides with polyethylene.
- the quantities given relate to 1 m2.
- the corresponding amounts of AgNO3 are given.
- samples were watered fluently for 15 seconds or immediately added to the color developer (examples a).
- CD 4 can also be used.
- the development time in the color developer was 30 seconds at room temperature.
- color wedges were developed with the first developers described in the examples for comparison and testing to determine to what extent an undesired color coupling takes place, then rinsed and fixed for 5 minutes in a commercially available fixing bath based on ammonium thiosulfate and finally rinsed. Negative images are obtained and these can be evaluated with regard to maximum densities and the undesired color coupling.
- the desired suppression of the color coupling in the first developer is adequately achieved by adding antioxidants or competitive couplers at pH values of 6.5-7.5 by adding sulfite, white coupler and citrazinic acid. This ensures a good reversal with good D-Min, D-Max, clean colors and sufficient development.
- a color photographic recording material which is suitable for the processing method according to the invention was produced by applying the following layers in the order given to a layer support on paper coated on both sides with polyethylene.
- the quantities given relate to 1 m2.
- the corresponding amounts of AgNO3 are given.
- the couplers used were the same as in Examples 1 to 10.
- This example shows the sensitometric effects that result from the direct transition of the exposed photographic recording material from the first developer to the second developer in comparison to a processing sequence in which intermediate washing is carried out after the first development in order to wash out the first developer components.
- the processing is as follows:
- the processing baths had the following composition:
- pH adjustment to pH 9 with KOH or H2SO4 fill up to 1 liter with water.
- the following example shows the sensitometric effect that results from the direct transition of the exposed photographic reversal material from a first developer according to the invention to the second developer compared to a processing sequence in which washing is carried out between the first and second developer.
- a step wedge is exposed on a photographic material described in Example 11.
- the processing sequence corresponds to that from Example 11.
- Test sequence A is carried out with intermediate washing; the test sequence B without intermediate washing.
- the individual baths have the following composition
- Table 6 shows the sensitometric results of the densitometer measurements:
- a color photographic material according to Example 1 is processed according to the following processing variants I, II and III.
- the maximum densities show that it is advantageous not to carry out the diffuse second exposure immediately after entering the color developer, but only after a delay of 5 seconds.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von fotografischen Umkehrmaterialien, bei dem auf eine Wässerung zwischen dem Schwarz-Weiß- und Farbentwicklungsbad im wesentlichen verzichtet wird.The invention relates to a method for processing photographic reversal materials, in which washing between the black-and-white and color developing bath is essentially dispensed with.
Bei dem fotografischen Umkehrverfahren wird unter Verwendung eines Farbdias durch Belichten eines negativ arbeitenden Farbumkehrpapiers durch eine spezielle Umkehrentwicklung ein positives farbiges Bild erzeugt. Dabei weist das Farbumkehrpapier wenigstens eine einen Gelbkuppler enthaltende blauempfindliche, wenigstens eine einen Purpurkuppler enthaltende grünempfindliche und wenigstens eine einen Blaugrünkuppler enthaltende rotempfindliche Silberhalogenidschicht auf.In the reverse photographic process, using a color slide, a positive color image is formed by exposing a negative working color reversal paper through a special reversal development. The color reversal paper has at least one blue-sensitive silver-halide layer containing a yellow coupler, at least one green-sensitive layer containing green-sensitive couplers and at least one red-sensitive silver-halide layer containing a cyan coupler.
Die übliche Umkehrverarbeitung nach dem chromogenen Farbverfahren gliedert sich in mindestens sechs Schritte:
- Erstentwicklung = Schwarz-Weiß-Negativentwicklung Das bei der Aufnahme bildmäßig belichtete Silberhalogenid wird durch einen Erstentwickler zu einem Schwarzweiß-Negativ entwickelt. Im allgemeinen werden Metol-Hydrochinon- oder Phenidon-Hydrochinon-Entwickler verwendet.
- Zwischenwässerung = Entfernen des Erstentwicklers zur Vermeidung von Nachentwicklung im Farbentwicklungsbad.
- Diffuse Zweitbelichtung oder chemische Verschleierung Alles im Erstentwickler nicht entwickelte Silberhalogenid wird entwickelbar gemacht.
- Farbentwicklung = Entwicklung des durch die Zweitbelichtung oder chemische Verschleierung aktivierten Silberhalogenids zu Silber und Farbstoffbildung.
Proportional zu dem im Farbentwickler reduzierten Silberhalogenid werden die Farbstoffe in entsprechender Menge aus Farbkuppler und dem entstehenden Entwickleroxidationsprodukt gebildet. - Bleichen und Fixieren/Bleichfixieren = Herauslösen des gesamten in Erst- und Farbentwicklung gebildeten Silbers, so daß ein positives Farbstoffbild übrig bleibt.
- Schlußwässerung oder Stabilisierbad = Auswaschung von Chemikalien und Stabilisierung von Bildfarbstoffen und Bildoberfläche.
- First development = black-and-white negative development The silver halide, which is exposed imagewise during the exposure, is developed by a first developer into a black-and-white negative. Metol hydroquinone or phenidone hydroquinone developers are generally used.
- Intermediate washing = removal of the first developer to avoid post-development in the color development bath.
- Diffuse second exposure or chemical fogging Everything silver halide not developed in the first developer is made developable.
- Color development = development of the silver halide activated by the second exposure or chemical fogging to silver and dye formation.
Proportional to the silver halide reduced in the color developer, the dyes are formed in a corresponding amount from the color coupler and the developer oxidation product formed. - Bleaching and fixing / bleach-fixing = removing all of the silver formed in the initial and color development, so that a positive dye image remains.
- Final rinsing or stabilizing bath = washing out chemicals and stabilizing image dyes and surface.
Der derzeitige Stand der Technik ist durch das Kodak R3 Verfahren gekennzeichnet.The current state of the art is characterized by the Kodak R3 process.
Die Gesamtverarbeitungsdauer dieses Prozesses beträgt 600 Sekunden. Davon entfallen 75 Sekunden auf die Erstentwicklung; 90 Sekunden auf die absolut notwendige zweistufige Kaskadenwässerung zwischen Erst- und Farbentwickler und 135 Sekunden auf die Farbentwicklung.The total processing time for this process is 600 seconds. Of this, 75 seconds are allotted to the initial development; 90 seconds for the absolutely necessary two-stage cascade watering between first and color developer and 135 seconds for color development.
Die verbleibende Zeit wird durch Bleichfixieren und Wässerungen beansprucht.The remaining time is taken up by bleaching and washing.
Dieses Umkehrverfahren könnte erheblich einfacher, schneller und rationeller gestaltet werden, wenn man auf die Wässerung zwischen Erst- und Farbentwicklung verzichten bzw. die Wässerungszeiten stark verkürzen könnte. Bei herkömmlicher Durchführung des Verfahrens unter Verzicht auf die Wässerung käme es jedoch durch Verschleppung des Erstentwicklers in den Farbentwickler in Verbindung mit der diffusen Zweitbelichtung zu einer Schwarz-Weiß Nachentwicklung, die die Qualität des fertigen Farbbildes stark beeinträchtigen würde.This reversal process could be made considerably easier, faster and more efficient if one could do without watering between the first and color development or if the watering times could be shortened considerably. If the process was carried out conventionally without the need for watering, however, dragging the first developer into the color developer in conjunction with the diffuse second exposure would result in black and white post-development, which would severely impair the quality of the finished color image.
Ein Verschleppen des Erstentwicklers wäre jedoch von untergeordneter Bedeutung, wenn er mit der Struktur des Farbentwicklers vergleichbar wäre und keine Nebenreaktionen im Farbentwicklungsbad verursachen würde.Postponement of the first developer would, however, be of minor importance if it were comparable to the structure of the color developer and would not cause any side reactions in the color development bath.
Beim Einsatz von einem Farbentwickler im Erst- und Farbentwicklungsbad wäre ein Verschleppen des Entwicklers bei unzureichender und fehlender Zwischenwässerung ohne Nachteil, jedoch müßte dieser Entwickler im Erstentwicklungsbad zur Schwarz-Weiß-Entwicklung geeignet sein (Reduktion der belichteten Silberhalogenidkeime zu Bildsilber) und eine Kupplung des entstehenden Entwickleroxidationsprodukts mit den Farbkupplern im fotografischen Material dürfte nicht stattfinden.If a color developer were used in the first and color development baths, dragging the developer over with insufficient and no intermediate washing would be a disadvantage, but this developer in the first development bath would have to be suitable for black and white development (reduction of the exposed silver halide nuclei to silver) and a coupling of the resulting Developer oxidation product with the color couplers in the photographic material should not take place.
In DE-OS 2 249 857 wird ein Verfahren zur Umkehrentwicklung beschrieben, bei dem im Erstentwicklungsbad gleichzeitig Schwarz-Weiß-Entwicklersubstanzen als auch in Farbkupplungsaktivitäten behinderte Farbentwicklersubstanzen eingesetzt werden. In einem zweiten Bad werden die kupplungsinhibierenden Wirkungen, hervorgerufen z.B. durch Sulfit, Ascorbinsäure etc., aufgehoben und die Farbkupplung kann stattfinden. Als Nachteil dieses Verfahrens ist jedoch die konkurrierende Anwesenheit von zwei Entwicklertypen und den daraus resultierenden Abstimmungs- und Verfahrensprobleme anzusehen.DE-OS 2 249 857 describes a process for reverse development in which black-and-white developer substances as well as color developer substances which are impaired in color coupling activities are used simultaneously in the first development bath. In a second bath, the clutch inhibiting effects, e.g. canceled by sulfite, ascorbic acid etc., and the color coupling can take place. A disadvantage of this process, however, is the competing presence of two types of developers and the resulting coordination and process problems.
Aufgabe der Erfindung war es nun, ein Umkehrentwicklungsverfahren zu entwickeln, bei dem auf eine Wässerung zwischen dem Erst- und Farbentwicklungsbad verzichtet werden kann, ohne daß die oben erwähnten Nachteile auftreten.The object of the invention was to develop a reverse development process in which washing between the first and color development baths can be dispensed with without the disadvantages mentioned above occurring.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein fotografisches Umkehrverfahren zur Herstellung von positiven fotografischen Bildern durch bildmäßige Belichtung eines mindestens eine Silberhalogenidemulsionsschicht enthaltenden lichtempfindlichen Materials, Schwarzweiß-Erstentwicklung des Materials, chemische Verschleierung oder diffuse Zweitbelichtung und anschließende Farbentwicklung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- 1. bei der Erstentwicklung ausschließlich mindestens ein N,N-Dialkyl-p-phenylendiaminderivat als Entwickler verwendet wird,
- 2. das Erstentwicklungsbad wenigstens eine Verbindung enthält, die eine Kupplung des bei der Erstentwicklung entstandenen Entwickleroxidationsproduktes mit den in dem farbfotografischen Umkehrmaterial befindlichen Farbkupplern zu Bildfarbstoffen verhindert,
- 3. die Silberhalogenidemulsionsschichten des fotografischen Materials einen Chloridgehalt von mindestens 80 Mol-% aufweisen.
- 1. only at least one N, N-dialkyl-p-phenylenediamine derivative is used as developer in the initial development,
- 2. the first development bath contains at least one compound which prevents coupling of the developer oxidation product formed during the first development with the color couplers in the color photographic reversal material to form image dyes,
- 3. the silver halide emulsion layers of the photographic material have a chloride content of at least 80 mol%.
Die unter Punkt 2 beschriebenen Verbindungen gehören den nachfolgenden Verbindungsklassen a), b), c), d) und e) an:
- a) Sulfit,
- b) Citrazinsäure,
- c) Kuppler mit einer aktivierten Methylengruppe, bei der ein Wasserstoff durch Alkyl, Cycloalkyl, Aryl oder Aralkyl ersetzt ist und die mit dem Oxidationsprodukt eines Farbentwicklers unter Bildung farbloser Reaktionsprodukte reagieren,
- d) Verbindungen der Formel (I)
- R
- H, C₁-C₆-Alkyl und C₆-C₁₀-Aryl gegebenenfalls substituiert mit hydrophilierender Gruppe, bedeuten,
- e) Hydroxylaminderivate der allgemeinen Formel (II)
R₁, R₂ H, C₁-C₄-Alkyl bedeuten.
- a) sulfite,
- b) citrazinic acid,
- c) couplers with an activated methylene group in which a hydrogen is replaced by alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl and which react with the oxidation product of a color developer to form colorless reaction products,
- d) compounds of the formula (I)
- R
- H, C₁-C₆-alkyl and C₆-C₁₀-aryl optionally substituted with a hydrophilizing group,
- e) hydroxylamine derivatives of the general formula (II)
R₁, R₂ are H, C₁-C₄-alkyl.
Verbindungen gemäß Formel (I) - Ascorbinsäure und deren Derivate - sind durch F.Smith, Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry 2. 79(1947) beschrieben.Compounds according to formula (I) - ascorbic acid and its derivatives - are available from F.Smith, Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry 2 . 79 (1947).
Unter hydrophilierenden Gruppen werden die Reste -OH, -COOH und -SO₃H verstanden, Bevorzugte Verbindungen gemäß Formel (I) sind im folgenden aufgelistet:
Als farblos kuppelnde Komponente gemäß Punkt 2c) können Verbindungen vom Typ der Pyrazolone, Benzoyl- und Acetessigester, Benzoyl- und Acetessigsäureanilide, Cyanacetylverbindungen und Cyanacetamide verwendet werden, bei denen ein Wasserstoffatom der aktivierten Methylengruppe durch Alkyl, Aryl oder Aralkyl ersetzt ist.Compounds of the pyrazolone type, benzoyl and acetoacetic esters, benzoyl and acetoacetic anilides, cyanoacetyl compounds and cyanoacetamides in which a hydrogen atom of the activated methylene group is replaced by alkyl, aryl or aralkyl can be used as the colorless coupling component according to item 2c).
Die in Frage kommenden Benzoyl- und Acetessigesterverbindungen werden analog der in Can.J.Chem, 31, S. 1025 (1953), gegebenen Vorschrift hergetellt.The benzoyl and acetoacetic ester compounds in question are prepared analogously to the instructions given in Can.J. Chem. 31, p. 1025 (1953).
Farblos kuppelnde Pyrazolonderivate sind in DE-AS 1 155 675 beschrieben.Colorless coupling pyrazolone derivatives are described in DE-AS 1 155 675.
Geeignet sind folgende farbloskuppelnde Pyrazolone der allgemeinen Formel (III):
worin bedeuten:
- R⁶, R⁷
- Alkyl, Alkoxy, Aryl, Carboxy, Carboxyalkyl,
- R⁸
- Halogen, -CN, -CF₃, Acylamino, Sulfamoyl, Alkylsulfamyl, -SO₃H, Carboxy, Carboxyalkyl
- n
- 0-3.
in which mean:
- R⁶, R⁷
- Alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl,
- R⁸
- Halogen, -CN, -CF₃, acylamino, sulfamoyl, alkylsulfamyl, -SO₃H, carboxy, carboxyalkyl
- n
- 0-3.
Beispielhaft seien folgende bevorzugte Verbindungen genannt:
Als Beispiel für ein Hydroxylaminderivat gemäß Formel II kann N,N-Diethylhydroxylamin genannt werden.N, N-diethylhydroxylamine can be mentioned as an example of a hydroxylamine derivative according to formula II.
Citrazinsäure ist beschrieben durch E. Klingsberg in The Chemistry of Heteryclic Compounds "Pyridine and Derivates Part one", S. 293, Interscience Publications Inc., New York.Citrazinic acid is described by E. Klingsberg in The Chemistry of Heteryclic Compounds "Pyridine and Derivates Part one", p. 293, Interscience Publications Inc., New York.
Durch die Verwendung eines Farbentwicklers zur Schwarz-Weiß-Entwicklung im Erstentwicklungsbad kann das fotografische Material ohne Wässerung sofort in das folgende Farbentwicklungsbad überführt werden, in dem auch die diffuse Nachbelichtung erfolgt, oder die Wässerung kann stark verkürzt werden.By using a color developer for black-and-white development in the first development bath, the photographic material can be immediately transferred to the following color development bath without watering, in which the diffuse post-exposure also takes place, or the watering can be greatly shortened.
Die Wässerungszeiten betragen in diesem Fall 1 bis 30 Sekunden, vorzugsweise 15 Sekunden und können zur Zweitbelichtung genutzt werden.In this case, the watering times are 1 to 30 seconds, preferably 15 seconds, and can be used for the second exposure.
Eine weitere wichtige Voraussetzung zur schnellen Erstentwicklung unter Verwendung von im Vergleich zu Schwarz-Weiß-Entwicklern weniger aktiven Farbentwicklern ist der Einsatz von fotografischem Material, dessen Silberhalogenidemulsionsschichten einen Chloridgehalt von mehr als 80 Mol-% aufweisen. Chloridreiche Emulsionen zeichnen sich durch eine besonders gute Entwickelbarkeit aus. Bevorzugt sind Materialien, die einen Chloridgehalt von mindestens 95 Mol-% aufweisen, wobei der zu 100 Mol-% ergänzende Rest aus Bromid und/oder Iodid besteht.Another important prerequisite for rapid initial development using color developers that are less active than black-and-white developers is the use of photographic material whose silver halide emulsion layers have a chloride content of more than 80 mol%. Chloride-rich emulsions are particularly easy to develop. Materials which have a chloride content of at least 95 mol% are preferred, the remainder being 100 mol% and consisting of bromide and / or iodide.
Wird bei der Verwendung von Ascorbinsäure bzw. deren Derivaten als Farbbildungsinhibitoren im Erstentwicklerbad der Oxidationsschutz statt mit Sulfit durch Hydroxylamine, Diketone oder α-Hydroxyketone vorgenommen, so kann zur Empfindlichkeitssteigerung Rhodanid zu dem Erstentwickler zugesetzt werden, vorzugsweise in Mengen von 2·10⁻³ bis 1·10⁻² Mol/l.If, when using ascorbic acid or its derivatives as color formation inhibitors in the first developer bath, the oxidation protection is carried out by means of hydroxylamines, diketones or α-hydroxyketones instead of sulfite, rhodanide can be added to the first developer to increase sensitivity, preferably in amounts of 2 × 10 -3 to 1 · 10⁻² mol / l.
Die für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren geeigneten Erstentwicklersubstanzen entsprechen der allgemeinen Formel IV
worin bedeuten:
- R₃, R₄
- gegebenenfalls substituiertes C₁-C₄-Alkyl, C₆-C₁₀-Aryl und C₁-C₃-Alkoxy,
- R₅
- H, gegebenenfalls substituiertes C₁-C₄-Alkyl, C₆-C₁₀-Aryl und C₁-C₃-Alkoxy, Halogen,
- n
- 1 oder 2.
in which mean:
- R₃, R₄
- optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₆-C₁₀ aryl and C₁-C₃ alkoxy,
- R₅
- H, optionally substituted C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₆-C₁₀-aryl and C₁-C₃-alkoxy, halogen,
- n
- 1 or 2.
Für das Erst- und Farbentwicklungsbad besonders geeignete primäre aromatische Aminoentwicklersubstanzen sind p-Phenylendiamine und insbesondere N,N-Dialkyl-p-phenylendiamine, in denen die Alkylgruppen und der aromatische Kern substituiert oder unsubstituiert sind. Beispiele solcher Verbindungen sind N,N-Diethyl-p-phenylendiamin-hydrochlorid, 4-N,N-Diethyl-2-methylphenylendiamin-hydrochlorid, 4-(N-Ethyl-N-2-methansulfonylaminoethyl)-2-methylphenylendiamin-sesquisulfatmonohydrat, 4-(N-Ethyl-N-2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylphenylendiaminsulfat und 4-N,N-Diethyl-2,2′-methansulfonylamino-ethylphenylendiamin-hydrochlorid. CD 3 und CD 4 (s. Beispiel 1) sind bevorzugt.Primary aromatic amino developer substances which are particularly suitable for the first and color development bath are p-phenylenediamines and in particular N, N-dialkyl-p-phenylenediamines, in which the alkyl groups and the aromatic nucleus are substituted or unsubstituted. Examples of such compounds are N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride, 4-N, N-diethyl-2-methylphenylenediamine hydrochloride, 4- (N-ethyl-N-2-methanesulfonylaminoethyl) -2-methylphenylenediamine sesquisulfate monohydrate, 4- (N-ethyl-N-2-hydroxyethyl) -2-methylphenylenediamine sulfate and 4-N, N-diethyl-2,2'-methanesulfonylamino-ethylphenylenediamine hydrochloride. CD 3 and CD 4 (see Example 1) are preferred.
Im Erstentwicklungsbad beträgt der Gehalt an Ascorbinsäure bzw. deren Derivate 0,3 bis 30 g/l, vorzugsweise 2 bis 15 g/l.The content of ascorbic acid or its derivatives in the first development bath is 0.3 to 30 g / l, preferably 2 to 15 g / l.
Sulfit wird in einer Menge von 2 bis 15 g/l im Erstentwicklungsbad eingesetzt.Sulfite is used in an amount of 2 to 15 g / l in the first development bath.
Die Konzentration von Citrazinsäure liegt im Bereich von 1 bis 25 g/l, vorzugsweise 5 bis 15 g/l.The concentration of citrazinic acid is in the range from 1 to 25 g / l, preferably 5 to 15 g / l.
Farblos kuppelnde Verbindungen liegen in Mengen von 1 bis 25 g/l im Erstentwicklungsbad vor, vorzugsweise 2 bis 15 g/l.Colorless coupling compounds are present in amounts of 1 to 25 g / l in the initial development bath, preferably 2 to 15 g / l.
Die Konzentrationen der Hydroxylaminderivate liegen im Bereich von 3 bis 25 g/l, vorzugsweise 5 bis 15 g/l.The concentrations of the hydroxylamine derivatives are in the range from 3 to 25 g / l, preferably 5 to 15 g / l.
Die Substanzen können auch kombiniert werden.The substances can also be combined.
Der pH-Wert im Erstentwicklungsbad liegt im Bereich von 6,5 bis 7,5.The pH in the initial development bath is in the range from 6.5 to 7.5.
Die Konzentrationen der Entwicklersubstanzen im Erstentwicklungsbad liegen im Bereich von 1 bis 20 g/l, vorzugsweise 4 bis 12 g/l.The concentrations of the developer substances in the first development bath are in the range from 1 to 20 g / l, preferably 4 to 12 g / l.
Der Bromidgehalt des Erstentwicklungsbades beträgt zwischen 0 und 1 g/l, vorzugsweise 0-0,5 g/l. Der Chloridgehalt kann zwischen 0,3 und 6 g/l variieren, vorzugsweise 0,5 bis 5 g/l.The bromide content of the first development bath is between 0 and 1 g / l, preferably 0-0.5 g / l. The chloride content can vary between 0.3 and 6 g / l, preferably 0.5 to 5 g / l.
Die im Erstentwicklungsbad durchgeführte Schwarz-Weißentwicklung von fotografischem Umkehrmaterial ist in weniger als 60 Sekunden abgeschlossen, vorzugsweise in weniger als 30 Sekunden.The black and white development of photographic reversal material performed in the first development bath is completed in less than 60 seconds, preferably in less than 30 seconds.
Darüber hinaus kann es bei Anwendung dieses Verfahrens im Dauerbetrieb vorteilhaft sein, den beiden Entwicklerlösungen Netzmittel und Komplexbildner zuzusetzen, die das Eindringen der Lösungen in die Emulsionsschichten beschleunigen bzw. Kalziumionen aus der Gelatine und dem Wasser binden.In addition, when using this method in continuous operation, it can be advantageous to add wetting agents and complexing agents to the two developer solutions, which accelerate the penetration of the solutions into the emulsion layers or bind calcium ions from the gelatin and the water.
Geeignete Komplexbildner zur Komplexierung von Kalziumionen sind beispielsweise Aminopolycarbonsäuren, die an sich gut bekannt sind. Typische Beispiele für solche Aminopolycarbonsäuren sind Nitrilotriessigsäure, Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure (EDTA), 1,3-Diamino-2-hydroxypropyltetraessigsäure, Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure, N,N′-Bis-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-ethylendiamin-N,N′-diessigsäure, Hydroxyethylethylendiamintriessigsäure, Cyclohexandiaminotetraessigsäure und Aminomalonsäure.Suitable complexing agents for complexing calcium ions are, for example, aminopolycarboxylic acids, which are well known per se. Typical examples of such aminopolycarboxylic acids are nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropyltetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, N, N'-bis- (2-hydroxybenzyl) -ethylenediamine-N, N'-diesiacetic acid, hydroxysethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetamic acid, hydroxyethylenediaminetic acid, hydroxyethyldiacetic acid, and and aminomalonic acid.
Weitere Kalziumkomplexbildner sind Polyphosphate, Phosphonsäuren, Aminopolyphosphonsäuren und hydrolisiertes Polymaleinsäureanhydrid, z.B. Natriumhexametaphosphat, 1-Hydroxyethan-1,1-diphosphonsäure, Aminotrismethylenphosphonsäure, Ethylendiamintetramethylenphosphonsäure. 1-Hydroxyethan-1,1-diphosphonsäure wirkt auch als Eisenkomplexbildner.Other calcium complexing agents are polyphosphates, phosphonic acids, aminopolyphosphonic acids and hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, e.g. Sodium hexametaphosphate, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, aminotrismethylenephosphonic acid, ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid. 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid also acts as an iron complexing agent.
Des weiteren ist es vorteilhaft, den beiden Entwicklerlösungen Eisenkomplexbildner zuzusetzen.It is also advantageous to add iron complexing agents to the two developer solutions.
Spezielle Eisenkomplexbildner sind z.B. 4,5-Dihydroxy-1,3-benzoldisulfonsäure, 5,6-Dihydroxy-1,2,4-benzoltrisulfonsäure und 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoesäure.Special iron complexing agents are e.g. 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedisulfonic acid, 5,6-dihydroxy-1,2,4-benzenetrisulfonic acid and 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid.
Für die Komplexierung des Kalziums werden bevorzugt etwa 0,2 bis etwa 1,8 Mol eines Kalziumplexbildners pro Mol Entwicklersubstanz eingesetzt.About 0.2 to about 1.8 moles of a calcium complexing agent per mole of developer substance are preferably used for complexing the calcium.
Der Eisenkomplexbildner wird in Mengen von etwa 0,02 bis etwa 0,2 Mol pro Mol Entwicklersubstanz angewendet.The iron complexing agent is used in amounts of about 0.02 to about 0.2 moles per mole of developer substance.
Als weitere Bestandteile kommen optische Aufheller, Gleitmittel, z.B. Polyalkylenglykole, Tenside, Stabilisatoren, z.B. heterocyclische Mercaptoverbindungen oder Nitrobenzimidazol und Mittel zur Einstellung des gewünschten pH-Wertes in Frage. Die Entwicklerlösung kann ferner weniger als 5 g/l Benzylalkohol enthalten; vorzugsweise ist sie benzylalkoholfrei.Optical brighteners, lubricants, e.g. Polyalkylene glycols, surfactants, stabilizers, e.g. heterocyclic mercapto compounds or nitrobenzimidazole and means for adjusting the desired pH in question. The developer solution may also contain less than 5 g / l benzyl alcohol; it is preferably free of benzyl alcohol.
Die gebrauchsfertigen Lösungen können aus den einzelnen Bestandteilen oder aus sogenannten Konzentraten hergestellt werden, wobei in den Konzentraten die einzelnen Bestandteile wesentlich höher konzentriert gelöst werden. Die Konzentrate sind so eingestellt, daß sich aus ihnen ein sogenannter Regenerator herstellen läßt, d.h. eine Lösung, die etwas höhere Konzentrationen an den einzelnen Bestandteilen als die gebrauchsfertige Lösung aufweist, einerseits durch weiteres Verdünnen und Zugabe eines Starters, vorzugsweise KCI eine gebrauchsfertige Lösung ergibt und andererseits ständig einer in Gebrauch befindlichen Entwicklerlösung zugesetzt wird, um die beim Entwickeln verbrauchten oder aus der Entwicklerlösung durch Überlauf oder durch das entwickelte Material ausgeschleppten Chemikalien zu ersetzen. Chloridionen brauchen dabei üblicherweise nicht zugesetzt werden außer beim frisch angesetzten Entwickler, da Chloridionen aus dem fotografischen Material durch die Entwicklung freigesetzt werden.The ready-to-use solutions can be prepared from the individual components or from so-called concentrates, the individual components being dissolved in the concentrates in a much higher concentration. The concentrates are adjusted so that they can be used to produce a so-called regenerator, ie a solution that has slightly higher concentrations of the individual components than the ready-to-use solution has, on the one hand, by further dilution and addition of a starter, preferably KCI, a ready-to-use solution and, on the other hand, is constantly added to a developer solution in use in order to replace the chemicals consumed during development or removed from the developer solution by overflow or by the developed material. Chloride ions usually do not need to be added except for the freshly prepared developer, since chloride ions are released from the photographic material by the development.
Wenn die Entwickelbarkeit für die Farbentwicklung durch diffuse Zweitbelichtung im Farbentwickler vorgenommen werden soll oder muß, ist es vorteilhaft, die diffuse Zweitbelichtung frühestens 1 Sekunde nach Eintritt des Materials in das Farbentwicklungsbad wirksam werden zu lassen, da dann besonders gute Maximaldichten erzielt werden. Insbesondere erfolgt die diffuse Zweitbelichtung 2 bis 15 Sekunden nach Eintritt des Materials in das Farbentwicklungsbad.If the developability for color development by diffuse second exposure in the color developer should or must be carried out, it is advantageous to let the diffuse second exposure take effect no earlier than 1 second after the material has entered the color development bath, since particularly good maximum densities are then achieved. In particular, the diffuse second exposure takes place 2 to 15 seconds after the material enters the color development bath.
Bei Einzelblattverarbeitung kann dies einfach durch verzögertes Anschalten der Beleuchtung geschehen. Bei Schleppbandmaschinen oder Walzentransportmaschinen kann die verzögerte Belichtung mit Hilfe eines Lichtschlitzes oder einer Aufteilung des Zweitentwicklungsbades in einen Dunkel- und einen Hellteil erfolgen. Lichtschlitz und Hell-/Dunkeltrennung werden in Abhängigkeit von der Materialgeschwindigkeit so angebracht, daß auf das nicht diffusbelichtete Material das Farbentwicklungsbad wenigstens 1 Sekunde bei Dunkelheit einwirkt.When processing single sheets, this can be done simply by switching on the lighting with a delay. In the case of drag belt machines or roller transport machines, the delayed exposure can take place with the aid of a light slot or a division of the second development bath into a dark and a light part. Depending on the material speed, the light slit and light / dark separation are applied in such a way that the color developing bath acts on the non-diffusively exposed material for at least 1 second in the dark.
Nach der Entwicklung wird das fotografische Material wie üblich gestoppt, gebleicht, fixiert, gewässert und getrocknet, wobei Bleichen und Fixieren zum Bleichfixieren zusammengefaßt werden können, und die Wässerung durch ein Stabilisierbad ersetzt werden kann. Sofern das Bleich- oder Bleichfixierbad ausreichend sauer gestellt ist, kann auch auf das Stoppbad verzichtet werden.After development, the photographic material is stopped, bleached, fixed, washed and dried as usual, bleaching and fixing can be combined for bleach-fixing, and the washing can be replaced by a stabilizing bath. If the bleaching or bleach-fixing bath is sufficiently acidic, the stop bath can also be dispensed with.
Ein farbfotografisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial, welches für das erfindungsgemäße Verarbeitungsverfahren geeignet ist, wurde hergestellt, indem auf einen Schichtträger auf beidseitig mit Polyethylen beschichtetem Papier die folgenden Schichten in der angegebenen Reihenfolge aufgetragen wurden. Die Mengenangaben beziehen sich jeweils auf 1 m². Für den Silberhalogenidauftrag werden die entsprechenden Mengen AgNO₃ angegeben.A color photographic recording material which is suitable for the processing method according to the invention was produced by applying the following layers in the order given to a layer support on paper coated on both sides with polyethylene. The quantities given relate to 1 m². For the silver halide application, the corresponding amounts of AgNO₃ are given.
-
1. Schicht (Substratschicht):
0,2 g Gelatine1st layer (substrate layer):
0.2 g gelatin -
2. Schicht (blauempfindliche Schicht):
blauempfindliche Silberhalogenidemulsion (99,5 Mol-% Chlorid, 0,5 Mol-% Bromid, mittlerer Korndurchmesser 0,8 µm) aus 0,63 g AgNO₃ mit
1,38 g Gelatine
0,95 g Gelbkuppler Y
0,29 g Trikresylphosphat (TKP)2nd layer (blue-sensitive layer):
blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion (99.5 mol% chloride, 0.5 mol% bromide, average grain diameter 0.8 µm) from 0.63 g AgNO₃ with
1.38 g gelatin
0.95 g yellow coupler Y
0.29 g tricresyl phosphate (CPM) -
3. Schicht (Schutzschicht)
1,1 g Gelatine
0,06 g 2,5-Dioctylhydrochinon
0,06 g Dibutylphthalat (DBP)3rd layer (protective layer)
1.1 g gelatin
0.06 g 2,5-dioctyl hydroquinone
0.06 g dibutyl phthalate (DBP) -
4. Schicht (grünempfindliche Schicht)
grünsensibilisierte Silberhalogenidemulsion (99,5 Mol-% Chlorid, 0,5 Mol-% Bromid, mittlerer Korndurchmesser 0,6 µm) aus 0,45 g AgNO₃ mit
1,08 g Gelatine
0,41 g Purpurkuppler M
0,08 g 2,5-Dioctylhydrochinon
0,34 g DBP
0,04 g TKP4th layer (green-sensitive layer)
Green-sensitized silver halide emulsion (99.5 mol% chloride, 0.5 mol% bromide, average grain diameter 0.6 µm) from 0.45 g AgNO₃ with
1.08 g gelatin
0.41 g purple coupler M
0.08 g 2,5-dioctyl hydroquinone
0.34 g DBP
0.04 g CPM -
5. Schicht (UV-Schutzschicht)
1,15 g Gelatine
0,6 g UV-Absorber der Formel
0,04 g TKP5th layer (UV protective layer)
1.15 g gelatin
0.6 g UV absorber of the formula
0.04 g CPM -
6. Schicht (rotempfindliche Schicht)
rotsensibilisierte Silberhalogenidemulsion (99,5 Mol-% Chlorid, 0,5 Mol-% Bromid, mittlerer Korndurchmesser 0,5 µm) aus 0,3 g AgNO₃ mit
0,75 g Gelatine
0,36 g Blaugrünkuppler C
0,36 g TKP6th layer (red-sensitive layer)
Red-sensitized silver halide emulsion (99.5 mol% chloride, 0.5 mol% bromide, average grain diameter 0.5 µm) from 0.3 g AgNO₃ with
0.75 g gelatin
0.36 g cyan coupler C
0.36 g CPM -
7. Schicht (UV-Schutzschicht)
0,35 g Gelatine
0,15 g UV-Absorber gemäß 5. Schicht
0,2 g TKP7th layer (UV protective layer)
0.35 g gelatin
0.15 g UV absorber according to the 5th layer
0.2 g CPM -
8. Schicht (Schutzschicht)
0,9 g Gelatine
0,3 g Härtungsmittel H der folgenden Formel
0.9 g gelatin
0.3 g of curing agent H of the following formula
Die verwendeten Komponenten haben folgende Formel:
Proben in Form von Farbstufenkeilen des oben beschriebenen farbfotografischen Materials wurden zunächst gemäß den Beispielen 1 bis 10 (Tabelle 1) der erfindungsgemäßen Erstentwicklung unterworfen.Samples in the form of color step wedges of the color photographic material described above were first subjected to the first development according to the invention in accordance with Examples 1 to 10 (Table 1).
Die Erstentwicklungszeit betrug dabei 45 sec. bei 30°C. Als Erstentwicklungssubstanz wurde
- CD3
- (4-(N-Ethyl-N-2-methansulfonylaminoethyl)-2-methylphenylendiamin-sesquisulfatmonohydrat) oder
- CD4
- (4-(N-Ethyl-N-2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-phenylendiaminsulfatmonohydrat)
verwendet.The initial development time was 45 seconds at 30 ° C. As a first development substance
- CD3
- (4- (N-ethyl-N-2-methanesulfonylaminoethyl) -2-methylphenylenediamine sesquisulfate monohydrate) or
- CD4
- (4- (N-ethyl-N-2-hydroxyethyl) -2-methylphenylenediamine sulfate monohydrate)
used.
Nach der Erstentwicklung wurden die Proben 15 sec. fließend gewässert oder sofort in in den Farbentwickler gegeben (Beispiele a).After the first development, the samples were watered fluently for 15 seconds or immediately added to the color developer (examples a).
Im Anschluß an die Wässerung oder bei den Beispielen a) 10 sec nach dem Eintauchen in den Farbentwickler erfolgte die diffuse Zweitbelichtung.Subsequent to the washing or in Examples a) 10 seconds after immersion in the color developer, the diffuse second exposure was carried out.
Für die nachstehend beschriebenen Beispiele wurde ein Farbentwickler folgender Zusammensetzung benutzt:
- 12 g
- CD 3
- 0,5 g
- Natriumsulfit
- 19 g
- Monokaliumphosphat
- 20 g
- Kaliumhydroxyd
- 1 g
- Kaliumchlorid
- 0,1 g
- Ethylendiamin
auf 1000 ml mit Wasser aufgefüllt, pH eingestellt auf 11,85
- 12 g
- CD 3
- 0.5 g
- Sodium sulfite
- 19 g
- Monopotassium phosphate
- 20 g
- Potassium hydroxide
- 1 g
- Potassium chloride
- 0.1 g
- Ethylenediamine
made up to 1000 ml with water, pH adjusted to 11.85
Anstelle von CD 3 kann auch CD 4 eingesetzt werden.Instead of CD 3, CD 4 can also be used.
Die Entwicklungszeit im Farbentwickler betrug 30 sec. bei Raumtemperatur.The development time in the color developer was 30 seconds at room temperature.
Nach kurzer Zwischenwässerung von ca. 10 sec. wurden die Proben 45 sec. bei 38°C in üblicher Weise bleichfixiert.After briefly soaking for about 10 seconds, the samples were bleach-fixed in the usual manner for 45 seconds at 38 ° C.
Anschließend wurde 2 Min. fließend gewässert.Subsequently, it was washed with running water for 2 minutes.
Zusätzlich zu dieser Umkehrentwicklung wurden zum Vergleich und zur Prüfung, inwieweit im Erstentwickler eine unerwünschte Farbkupplung stattfindet, Farbkeile mit den bei den Beispielen beschriebenen Erstentwicklern entwickelt, anschließend zwischengewässert und 5 Min. in einem handelsüblichen Fixierbad auf Ammoniumthiosulfat-Basis fixiert und zum Schluß gewässert. Man erhält dabei Negativ-Bilder und kann diese hinsichtlich Maximaldichten und der unerwünschten Farbkupplung auswerten.In addition to this reversal development, color wedges were developed with the first developers described in the examples for comparison and testing to determine to what extent an undesired color coupling takes place, then rinsed and fixed for 5 minutes in a commercially available fixing bath based on ammonium thiosulfate and finally rinsed. Negative images are obtained and these can be evaluated with regard to maximum densities and the undesired color coupling.
Dies erfolgt in der Tabelle 3, während in der Tabelle 2 die Umkehrbilder beurteilt werden und zwar hinsichtlich Minimal- und Maximaldichte hinter den 3 Farbfiltern Blau/Grün/Rot. Außerdem wird die Reinheit und Sättigung der Grundfarben visuell beurteilt.This is done in Table 3, while in Table 2 the reversal images are assessed, namely with regard to minimum and maximum density behind the 3 color filters blue / green / red. In addition, the purity and saturation of the primary colors are assessed visually.
Die folgenden Beispiele wurden in vorgenannter Verarbeitungsweise behandelt. Angegeben werden die jeweils verwendeten Entwickler.The following examples were dealt with in the aforementioned processing manner. The developers used are indicated.
10 g CD 4, 1 g Kaliumsulfit, 20 g Monokaliumphosphat, auf 1000 ml mit Wasser auffüllen, der pH-Wert wird mit Kaliumhydroxyd auf 6,5 eingestellt.10 g CD 4, 1 g potassium sulfite, 20 g monopotassium phosphate, make up to 1000 ml with water, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 with potassium hydroxide.
Wie 1 und 1 a, jedoch mit pH-Wert 7,5.Like 1 and 1 a, but with a pH of 7.5.
10 g CD 4, 10 g Kaliumsulfit, 20 g Monokaliumphosphat, auf 1000 ml mit Wasser auffüllen, der pH-Wert wird mit Kaliumhydroxyd auf 6,5 eingestellt.10 g CD 4, 10 g potassium sulfite, 20 g monopotassium phosphate, make up to 1000 ml with water, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 with potassium hydroxide.
Wie 3 und 3 a, jedoch mit pH-Wert 7,5.Like 3 and 3 a, but with a pH of 7.5.
Wie 3 und 3 a, jedoch mit pH-Wert 8,5.Like 3 and 3 a, but with a pH of 8.5.
Wie 3 und 3 a, jedoch mit pH-Wert 9,5.Like 3 and 3 a, but with a pH of 9.5.
10 g CD 4, 1 g Kaliumsulfit, 10 g Weißkuppler W 1, 20 g Monokaliumphosphat, auf 1000 ml mit Wasser auffüllen, der pH-Wert wird mit Kaliumhydroxyd auf 6,5 eingestellt.10 g CD 4, 1 g potassium sulfite, 10 g white coupler W 1, 20 g monopotassium phosphate, make up to 1000 ml with water, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 with potassium hydroxide.
Wie 7 und 7 a, jedoch mit pH-Wert auf 7,5.Like 7 and 7 a, but with a pH of 7.5.
10 g CD 4, 1 g Kaliumsulfit, 10 g Citrazinsäure, 20 g Monokaliumphosphat, auf 1000 ml mit Wasser auffüllen, der pH-Wert wird mit Kaliumhydroxyd auf 6,5 eingestellt.10 g CD 4, 1 g potassium sulfite, 10 g citrazinic acid, 20 g monopotassium phosphate, make up to 1000 ml with water, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 with potassium hydroxide.
Wie 9 und 9 a, jedoch mit pH-Wert 7,5.
Die erwünschte Unterdrückung der Farbkupplung im Erstentwickler erfolgt durch Zusatz von Antioxydantien oder Konkurrenzkupplern bei pH-Werten von 6,5-7,5 in ausreichender Weise durch die Zusätze von Sulfit, Weißkuppler und Citrazinsäure. Damit ist eine gute Umkehrung gewährleistet mit guten D-Min, D-Max, sauberen Farben und ausreichender Durchentwicklung.The desired suppression of the color coupling in the first developer is adequately achieved by adding antioxidants or competitive couplers at pH values of 6.5-7.5 by adding sulfite, white coupler and citrazinic acid. This ensures a good reversal with good D-Min, D-Max, clean colors and sufficient development.
Ein farbfotografisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial, welches für das erfindungsgemäße Verarbeitungsverfahren geeignet ist, wurde hergestellt, indem auf einen Schichtträger auf beidseitig mit Polyethylen beschichtetem Papier die folgenden Schichten in der angegebenen Reihenfolge aufgetragen wurden. Die Mengenangaben beziehen sich jeweils auf 1 m² . Für den Silberhalogenidauftrag werden die entsprechenden Mengen AgNO₃ angegeben.A color photographic recording material which is suitable for the processing method according to the invention was produced by applying the following layers in the order given to a layer support on paper coated on both sides with polyethylene. The quantities given relate to 1 m². For the silver halide application, the corresponding amounts of AgNO₃ are given.
-
1. Schicht (Antilichthofschicht):
1 g Gelatine
0,1 g schwarzes kolloidales Silber1st layer (anti-halation layer):
1 g gelatin
0.1 g black colloidal silver -
2. Schicht (rotempfindliche Schicht):
rotsensibilisierte Silberhalogenidemulsion (99,5 Mol-% Chlorid, 0,5 Mol-% Bromid, mittlerer Korndurchmesser 0,5 µm) aus 0,3 g AgNO₃ mit
0,75 g Gelatine
0,36 g Blaugrünkuppler C
0,36 g Trikresylphosphat (TKP)2nd layer (red-sensitive layer):
Red-sensitized silver halide emulsion (99.5 mol% chloride, 0.5 mol% bromide, average grain diameter 0.5 µm) from 0.3 g AgNO₃ with
0.75 g gelatin
0.36 g cyan coupler C
0.36 g tricresyl phosphate (CPM) -
3. Schicht (Schutzschicht)
1,1 g Gelatine
0,06 g 2,5-Dioctylhydrochinon
0,06 g Dibutylphthalat (DBP)3rd layer (protective layer)
1.1 g gelatin
0.06 g 2,5-dioctyl hydroquinone
0.06 g dibutyl phthalate (DBP) -
4. Schicht (grünempfindliche Schicht)
grünsensibilisierte silberhalogenidemulsion (99,5 Mo-% Chlorid, 0,5 Mol-% Bromid, mittlerer Korndurchmesser 0,6 µm) aus 0,50 g AgNO₃ mit
1,08 g Gelatine
0,41 g Purpurkuppler M
0,08 g 2,5-Dioctylhydrochinon
0,34 g DBP
0,04 g TKP4th layer (green-sensitive layer)
green-sensitized silver halide emulsion (99.5 Mo% chloride, 0.5 Mol% bromide, average grain diameter 0.6 µm) from 0.50 g AgNO₃ with
1.08 g gelatin
0.41 g purple coupler M
0.08 g 2,5-dioctyl hydroquinone
0.34 g DBP
0.04 g CPM -
5. Schicht (Gelbfilterschicht)
1,15 g Gelatine
0,20 g gelbes kolloidales Silber
0,045 g 2,5-Dioctylhydrochinon
0,04 g TKP5th layer (yellow filter layer)
1.15 g gelatin
0.20 g yellow colloidal silver
0.045 g 2,5-dioctyl hydroquinone
0.04 g CPM -
6. Schicht (blauempfindliche Schicht):
blauempfindliche Silberhalogenidemulsion (99,5 Mol-% Chlorid, 0,5 Mol-% Bromid, mittlerer Korndurchmesser 0,8 µm) aus 0,6 g AgNO₃ mit
1,38 g Gelatine
0,85 g Gelbkuppler Y
0,29 g Trikresylphosphat (TKP)6th layer (blue-sensitive layer):
Blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion (99.5 mol% chloride, 0.5 mol% bromide, average grain diameter 0.8 µm) from 0.6 g AgNO₃ with
1.38 g gelatin
0.85 g yellow coupler Y
0.29 g tricresyl phosphate (CPM) -
7. Schicht (UV-Schutzschicht)
1,5 g Gelatine
0,9 g UV-Absorber gemäß der Formel
1.5 g gelatin
0.9 g UV absorber according to the formula -
8. Schicht (Schutzschicht)
0,9 g Gelatine
0,3 g Härtungsmittel H der folgenden Formel
0.9 g gelatin
0.3 g of curing agent H of the following formula
Die verwendeten Kuppler waren die gleichen wie in Beispielen 1 bis 10.The couplers used were the same as in Examples 1 to 10.
In diesem Beispiel werden die sensitometrischen Auswirkungen gezeigt, die sich aus dem direkten Übergang des belichteten fotografischen Aufzeichnungsmaterials aus dem Erstentwickler in den Zweitentwickler ergeben im Vergleich zu einer Verarbeitungsfolge, bei der nach der Erstentwicklung eine Zwischenwässerung zwecks Auswässerung der Erstentwicklerbestandteile vorgenommen wird.This example shows the sensitometric effects that result from the direct transition of the exposed photographic recording material from the first developer to the second developer in comparison to a processing sequence in which intermediate washing is carried out after the first development in order to wash out the first developer components.
Die Verarbeitung läuft wie folgt ab:
Die Verarbeitungsbäder hatten die folgende Zusammensetzung:The processing baths had the following composition:
pH-Einstellung auf pH 9 mit KOH bzw. H₂SO₄, mit Wasser auf 1 Liter auffüllen.
pH adjustment to pH 9 with KOH or H₂SO₄, fill up to 1 liter with water.
pH-Einstellung auf pH 10 mit KOH bzw. H₂SO₄; mit Wasser auf 1 Liter aufüllen.
pH adjustment to pH 10 with KOH or H₂SO₄; make up to 1 liter with water.
- Wasser
- 800 ml
- EDTA
- 4 g
- Ammoniumthiosulfat
- 100 g
- Natriumsulfit
- 15 g
- Ammonium-Eisen-EDTA-Komplex
- 60 g
- 3-Mercapto-1,2,4-triazol
- 2 g
pH-Einstellung auf pH 7,3 mit Ammoniak bzw. Essigsäure; mit Wasser auf 1 Liter auffüllen.
- water
- 800 ml
- EDTA
- 4 g
- Ammonium thiosulfate
- 100 g
- Sodium sulfite
- 15 g
- Ammonium iron EDTA complex
- 60 g
- 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole
- 2 g
pH adjustment to pH 7.3 with ammonia or acetic acid; Make up to 1 liter with water.
Die nach den unterschiedlichen Verfahren (A: mit Wässerung zwischen Erst- und Zweitentwickler; B: ohne Wässerung zwischen Erst- und Zweitentwickler) verarbeiteten, zuvor mit einem Stufenkeil belichteten Umkehrmaterialien wurden sensitometrisch vermessen.
Der direkte Übergang in den Zweitentwickler aus einem Erstentwickler üblicher Zusammensetzung führt zu ungleichmäßig entwickelten Bildern mit wesentlich verringerten Dmax-Werten im Vergleich zu dem Prozeß, bei dem zwischen Erst- und Zweitentwicklung eine Wässerung durchgeführt wurde.The direct transition to the second developer from a first developer of conventional composition leads to unevenly developed images with significantly reduced D max values compared to the process in which washing was carried out between the first and second development.
Das folgende Beispiel zeigt die sensitometrische Auswirkung, die sich beim direkten Übergang des belichteten fotografischen Umkehrmaterials aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Erstentwickler in den Zweitentwickler ergeben im Vergleich zu einer Verarbeitungsfolge, bei der zwischen Erst- und Zweitentwickler eine Wässerung durchgeführt wird.The following example shows the sensitometric effect that results from the direct transition of the exposed photographic reversal material from a first developer according to the invention to the second developer compared to a processing sequence in which washing is carried out between the first and second developer.
Auf einem in Beispiel 11 beschriebenen fotografischen Material wird ein Stufenkeil aufbelichtet. Die Verarbeitungsabfolge entspricht der aus Beispiel 11.A step wedge is exposed on a photographic material described in Example 11. The processing sequence corresponds to that from Example 11.
Die Versuchsfolge A erfolgt mit Zwischenwässerung; die Versuchsfolge B ohne Zwischenwässerung.Test sequence A is carried out with intermediate washing; the test sequence B without intermediate washing.
Die einzelnen Bäder haben die folgende Zusammensetzung;The individual baths have the following composition;
- Wasser
- 800 ml
- EDTA
- 2 g
- HEDP, 60 gew.-%ig
- 0,5 ml
- Natriumchlorid
- 2 g
- N,N-Diethylhydroxylamin, 85 gew.-%ig
- 5 ml
- Ascorbinsäure
- 4 g
- Natriumhydrogencarbonat
- 20 g
- CD 4; 5 gew.-%ige wäßrige Lösung
- 100 ml
pH-Einstellung auf pH 6,5 mit KOH bzw. H₂SO₄; mit Wasser auf 1 Liter auffüllen.
- water
- 800 ml
- EDTA
- 2 g
- HEDP, 60% by weight
- 0.5 ml
- Sodium chloride
- 2 g
- N, N-diethylhydroxylamine, 85% by weight
- 5 ml
- Ascorbic acid
- 4 g
- Sodium bicarbonate
- 20 g
- CD 4; 5% by weight aqueous solution
- 100 ml
pH adjustment to pH 6.5 with KOH or H₂SO₄; Make up to 1 liter with water.
In Tabelle 6 sind die sensitometrischen Ergebnisse der Densitometermessungen angegeben:
Dieses Beispiel zeigt eindeutig, daß bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auf eine Wässerung zwischen Erst- und Zweitentwickler verzichtet werden kann, ohne Nachteile wie verringerte Maximaldichten und ungleichmäßig entwickelte Bilden in Kauf nehmen zu müssen (siehe Beispiel 11.This example clearly shows that in the method according to the invention, watering between the first and second developer can be dispensed with, without having to accept disadvantages such as reduced maximum densities and unevenly developed images (see example 11.
Ein farbfotografisches Material gemäß Beispiel 1 wird nach den folgenden Verarbeitungsvarianten I, II und III verarbeitet. Es zeigt sich an den Maximaldichten, daß es vorteilhaft ist, die diffuse Zweitbelichtung nicht unmittelbar bei Eintritt in den Farbentwickler durchzuführen, sondern erst nach einer Verzögerung von 5 Sekunden.A color photographic material according to Example 1 is processed according to the following processing variants I, II and III. The maximum densities show that it is advantageous not to carry out the diffuse second exposure immediately after entering the color developer, but only after a delay of 5 seconds.
- ErstentwicklerFirst developer
- 45 sek.45 sec
- WässerungWatering
- 45 sek.45 sec
- Wässerung mit ZweitbelichtungWatering with second exposure
- 45 sek.45 sec
- FarbentwicklungColor development
- 45 sek.45 sec
- BleichfixierungBleach fixation
- 45 sek.45 sec
- WässernWater
- 90 sek.90 sec
wie unter I beschrieben, jedoch ohne Wässerung zwischen Erst- und Farbentwickler und Zweitbelichtung unmittelbar beim Übergang von Erst- in den Farbentwickler.as described under I, but without watering between the first and color developer and second exposure immediately at the transition from first to color developer.
wie Verarbeitung I, jedoch ohne Wässerung zwischen Erst- und Farbentwickler, Beginn der Zweitbelichtung erst 5 sec. nach dem Eintauchen in den Farbentwickler.
Claims (8)
- Photographic reversal process for the production of positive photographic images by pictorial exposure of a light-sensitive material containing at least one silver halide emulsion layer, black-and-white primary development of the material, chemical fogging or diffuse secondary exposure and subsequent chromogenic development, characterized in that1. in the primary development, exclusively at least one N,N-dialkyl-p-phenylenediamine derivative is used as developer,2. the primary development bath contains at least one compound that hinders a coupling of the developer oxidation product formed in the primary development with the couplers present in the colour-photographic reversal material to form image dyes and that belongs to one of the following classes of compound a), b), c), d) or e):a) sulphite in an amount of 2 to 15 g/l,b) citrazinic acid in an amount of 1 to 25 g/l,c) couplers with an activated methylene group, in which a hydrogen is replaced by alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl and that react with the oxidation product of a chromogenic developer with formation of colourless reaction products, in an amount of 1 to 25 g/l,d) compounds of formula (I) in an amount of 0.3 to 30 g/l,R denotes H, C₁-C₆ alkyl and C₆-C₁₀ aryl, optionally substituted with a hydrophilizing group,3. the pH value in the primary development bath is between 6.5 and 7.5,4. the silver halide emulsion layers of the photographic material have a chloride content of at least 80 mole %.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that no intermediate washing occurs between primary and chromogenic development.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that an intermediate washing is carried out between primary and chromogenic development, the washing times being between 1 and 30 sec.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the compounds coupling to colourless reaction products in the primary development bath correspond to general formula (III)R⁶, R⁷ denote alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, carboxy, carboxyalkyl,R⁸ denotes halogen, -CN, -CF₃, acylamino, sulphamoyl, alkylsulphamyl, -SO₃H, carboxy, carboxyalkyl,n denotes 0-3.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the N,N-dialkyl-p-phenylenediamine derivative in the primary development bath corresponds to formula (IV),R₃, R₄ denote optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₆-C₁₀ aryl and C₁-C₃ alkoxy,R₅ denotes H, optionally substituted C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₆-C₁₀ aryl and C₁-C₃ alkoxy, halogen,n denotes 1 or 2.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the developer substances according to formula (V) and/or formula (VI) are present in the primary developer bath in an amount of 1 to 20 g/l.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bromide content in the primary developer bath is 0 to 1.0 g/l and the chloride content in the primary developer bath is 0.3 to 6.0 g/l.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3835661 | 1988-10-20 | ||
DE3835661 | 1988-10-20 | ||
DE3843264 | 1988-12-22 | ||
DE3843264 | 1988-12-22 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0364845A2 EP0364845A2 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
EP0364845A3 EP0364845A3 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
EP0364845B1 true EP0364845B1 (en) | 1995-01-04 |
Family
ID=25873412
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89118691A Expired - Lifetime EP0364845B1 (en) | 1988-10-20 | 1989-10-07 | Photographic-reversal process |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5110715A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0364845B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02170158A (en) |
DE (1) | DE58908850D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3920084A1 (en) * | 1989-06-20 | 1991-01-10 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COLOR PHOTOGRAPHIC COPIES |
DE4104292A1 (en) * | 1991-02-13 | 1992-08-20 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | BLEACH BATH FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIAL |
JP2802695B2 (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1998-09-24 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | Color reversal image forming method |
DE4217022A1 (en) * | 1992-05-22 | 1993-11-25 | Agfa Gevaert Ag | Processing of reversal materials |
US5695914A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1997-12-09 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process of forming a dye image |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2449919A (en) * | 1947-07-05 | 1948-09-21 | Eastman Kodak Co | 3-methylsulfonamido-4-amino dimethyl aniline photographic developer |
BE560907A (en) * | 1956-09-18 | |||
BE637358A (en) * | 1962-09-15 | |||
BE789928A (en) * | 1971-10-12 | 1973-02-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | COLOR INVERSION PROCESS AND DEVELOPER |
US4194911A (en) * | 1973-01-22 | 1980-03-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Inhibitor removing bath for direct positive color photographic development |
US4258117A (en) * | 1979-02-09 | 1981-03-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Dye image reversal processes and image transfer film units |
JPH07117712B2 (en) * | 1985-11-18 | 1995-12-18 | コニカ株式会社 | Color reversal photographic light-sensitive material processing method |
JPS63129341A (en) * | 1986-11-19 | 1988-06-01 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Silver halide color reversal photographic sensitive material |
JPH07109497B2 (en) * | 1987-04-06 | 1995-11-22 | コニカ株式会社 | Processing method of silver halide color photosensitive material |
EP0370348A1 (en) * | 1988-11-24 | 1990-05-30 | Agfa-Gevaert AG | Photographic-reversal method |
-
1989
- 1989-10-07 DE DE58908850T patent/DE58908850D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-07 EP EP89118691A patent/EP0364845B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-10-10 US US07/419,584 patent/US5110715A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-10-19 JP JP1270515A patent/JPH02170158A/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5110715A (en) | 1992-05-05 |
EP0364845A3 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
JPH02170158A (en) | 1990-06-29 |
DE58908850D1 (en) | 1995-02-16 |
EP0364845A2 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE3333227C2 (en) | ||
DE3412684C2 (en) | ||
DE68918067T2 (en) | Bleaching accelerating compositions containing a dye stabilizing agent and their use in color photographic processing. | |
DE3302741A1 (en) | COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD | |
DE3687398T2 (en) | METHOD FOR TREATING COLOR PHOTOGRAPHIC SILVER HALOGENIDE MATERIALS. | |
DE3248359C2 (en) | ||
DE69029927T2 (en) | Process for stabilizing photographic elements | |
DE3423100A1 (en) | TREATMENT BATH WITH BLEACH TO LIGHT-SENSITIVE (COLOR) PHOTOGRAPHIC SILVER HALOGENIDE RECORDING MATERIALS | |
DE3412857C2 (en) | ||
DE2942339A1 (en) | METHOD FOR TREATING A COLOR PHOTOGRAPHIC SILVER HALOGENIDE MATERIAL | |
DE2707989C2 (en) | Color developer and its use for developing an exposed silver halide color photographic material | |
DE3412712A1 (en) | Colour developer, and process for the treatment of a colour-photographic silver-halide material using the colour developer | |
DE3516417C2 (en) | Process for processing a silver halide color photographic material | |
DE3444091A1 (en) | PHOTOGRAPHIC COLOR IMAGE COMPOSITION | |
EP0364845B1 (en) | Photographic-reversal process | |
DE69224867T2 (en) | Bleaching solution for color photographic processes | |
DE68926357T2 (en) | Process for the production of color photographic images | |
DE3810348C2 (en) | Process for the rapid development of color materials | |
DE2411249A1 (en) | METHOD FOR TREATMENT OF COLOR PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS | |
DE69130091T2 (en) | Process for processing color photographic light-sensitive silver halide materials | |
DE69426851T2 (en) | Photographic development solution containing ternary ferric complex salts | |
DE3687009T2 (en) | METHOD FOR TREATING A COLOR PHOTOGRAPHIC LIGHT-SENSITIVE SILVER HALOGENIDE MATERIAL. | |
EP0358037A2 (en) | Method for processing a colour-photographic material | |
EP0370348A1 (en) | Photographic-reversal method | |
DE69305728T2 (en) | Process for bleaching and fixing a color photographic element |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19891007 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19940322 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 58908850 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19950216 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed | ||
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19950323 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19960912 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19960930 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19961016 Year of fee payment: 8 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 19961016 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 19961031 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19971007 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY Effective date: 19971031 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19971031 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: AGFA-GEVAERT A.G. Effective date: 19971031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980501 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19971007 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 19980501 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 19980701 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20051007 |