EP0568630A1 - Zither with a hot formed steamed wood rib. - Google Patents

Zither with a hot formed steamed wood rib.

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Publication number
EP0568630A1
EP0568630A1 EP92905090A EP92905090A EP0568630A1 EP 0568630 A1 EP0568630 A1 EP 0568630A1 EP 92905090 A EP92905090 A EP 92905090A EP 92905090 A EP92905090 A EP 92905090A EP 0568630 A1 EP0568630 A1 EP 0568630A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
belt
soundboard
zither
decompression
wood
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92905090A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0568630B1 (en
Inventor
Martial Murray
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0568630A1 publication Critical patent/EP0568630A1/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D1/00—General design of stringed musical instruments
    • G10D1/12—Zithers, e.g. autoharps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/02—Resonating means, horns or diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of stringed musical instruments having a wooden sound box.
  • a zither comprising a plurality of strings and a sound box, said sound box having an internal cavity delimited by a wooden belt, a lower soundboard provided on one side of said belt, and a table of 'upper harmony provided on the other side of said belt, said upper soundboard having at least one hearing, said strings being arranged on said upper soundboard on the side opposite to said sound box and being spaced from said table of superior harmony by at least one bridge.
  • the modification of the ambient air pressure, which results in our eardrum by the sound and musical phenomenon therefore occurs by means of the lower soundboard.
  • the latter is made of ten ⁇ r ⁇ wood, and it must have both elasticity characteristics obvious and a physiology based on a regularity of linear and hollow fibers.
  • This lower soundboard is tensioned by means of a rigid belt and reinforcement bars intended to compensate for the deformations caused on the belt by the tension of all the strings.
  • the soundboard is the vibrating part of the sound box.
  • the latter aims to create a zone of high and dynamic sound pressure by means of the vibration of the soundboard.
  • the lower soundboard creates the pressure of the air in the sound box and the depression is carried outwards by means of the sound.
  • the belt of the resonance box is generally produced by assembling or gluing several elements, and its internal profile is based on rigorous geometric shapes based on straight lines, or is deduced intuitively or rationally from the curves known for their propagative characteristics.
  • the construction method of this belt leads to distortions in the sounds emitted by the vibrating strings.
  • the vibrating cord carries with it the materials used in the manufacture of the instrument and causes inside the body of air movements called "stationary onoes".
  • the inherent vibration of these materials colors the initial sound obtained by the vibration of the horn, and deteriorates the timbre of the instrument by reinforcing, in the sound spectrum, the propagation of certain harmonic frequencies.
  • increasing the amplitude of certain harmonics can favor the "barrel” or “acid” effect of the timbre of the instrument.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a zither of the type mentioned above in which the importance of the standing waves is greatly reduced and in the lauuplement the sound amplitude of the chord sound emitted is greatly increased.
  • the invention achieves its object by the fact that the belt is produced by hot bending of a piece of steamed wood. cut so that the wood fibers are substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said belt. Steaming, intensive drying, twisting, compression of wood fibers and tensioning are all determining factors to increase the natural frequency of resonance of the belt. The wavelength obtained is thus shorter and easier to treat acoustically. In addition, the propagation of vibrations through the belt is not slowed down by bonding or assembling wooden elements with counter-wires.
  • the inner contour of said belt has a profile established from three development curves of exponential nature, said curves acting in different frequency domains.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of the zither ⁇ e of the invention
  • the Figure 2 is a section along line II II ⁇ e l ⁇ Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the zither according to line III III of Figure 2
  • Figure 4 shows the part intended to form the belt of the zither.
  • the drawing shows a zither 1 comprising a plurality of substantially parallel cords 2, arranged in a plane above a wooden resonance box 3.
  • the ⁇ e resonance box 3 has an internal cavity 4 delimited by a belt 5 having the shape of a ring on either side of which are fixed a lower soundboard 6 and an upper soundboard 7, and comprises plus the legs 8 arranged under the lower soundboard 6 and intended to support the zither 1 on a support table 9.
  • the internal cavity 4 is divided into a main chamber 10 and a decompression chamber 11 by an additional part in wood 12 disposed under the upper soundboard 7.
  • a passage 13 is provided between the complementary part 12 and the lower soundboard 6 to connect the main chamber 10 and the decompression chamber 11.
  • the main chamber 10 is er communication with the outside through a main opening 14 ⁇ e substantially round shape and located near the center ⁇ e the upper soundboard 7.
  • the decompression chamber 11 is also Lement in communication with the outside by means of an ⁇ decompression opening 15 provided in the upper soundboard 7 in the vicinity of the belt 5.
  • the main chamber 10 occupies most of the internal cavity 4 and constitutes the sounding board musical proper.
  • the strings 2 are arranged above the upper soundboard 7 and are separated from the latter by a bridge 16 fixed on the wood of the instrument and by a floating bridge 17 connected to the lower soundboard 6 by bridges 18 crossing openings 19 formed in the upper soundboard 7.
  • Each rope 2 is fixed by one end to the belt 5 and by the other end to a dowel 20 making it possible to tension the rope.
  • This method of mounting the strings is known from French Patent No. 2,512,994 and will not be further explained in the present specification.
  • the upper soundboard 7 and the lower harmony table 6 are made of soft wood, such as spruce or Oregon pine. They have elasticity characteristics and physiology based on a regularity of linear and hollow fibers.
  • the belt 5 is made from a piece 21 of steamed wood, preferably beech, which is bent hot.
  • the fibers 22 of the wood of the piece 21 extend substantially parallel to the edge 23 of this piece 21, which is intended to form the annular inner wall of the belt 5.
  • One end 24 of this piece 21 is cut at a bevel and, after bending, it is applied and fixed against the edge 23 of the other end 25. Thanks to this method of construction of the belt 5, the fibers 22 are substantially parallel to the internal contour 26 of the belt 5.
  • Attachment 12 is also formed i n steamed beech and it is shaped so that its fibers 22a espouse the contour 27 of the complementary part 12 which delimits master bedroom 10.
  • the complementary part 12 is secured to the ring 5 by any known means.
  • its end faces (12a, 12b) can be glued against the inner periphery 26 of the belt 5.
  • the periphery of the main chamber 10 has a convex profile formed by three curves C1, C2, C3 having exponential developments.
  • the curve C1 is defined by the profile of the contour 27 of the complementary part 12.
  • the other two curves C2 and C3 are formed by the contour 26 of the belt 5 ⁇ u-- delimits the main chamber 10.
  • the curve C2 extends between the points referenced 28 and 29 in FIG. 3, and the curve C3 extends between the points referenced 29 and 30.
  • the curves C1, C2 and C3 each act in different frequency domains, which allows the main chamber 10 to propagate the sound waves consecutive to the vibration of a string according to a distribution which approaches a linear curve whatever the frequency.
  • the curve Cl promotes the repercussion of the amplitude modulations of the bridge 16.
  • the curve C3 promotes the repercussion of the amplitude modulations of the floating bridge 18, and the curve C2 allows a laminar decompression, towards the decompression hearing 15, at the frequencies having the greatest wavelength, and this in phase tuned with main hearing 14.
  • the belt 5 is made of steamed beechwood and hot bent, its natural frequency ⁇ e resonance is higher, this ⁇ i-i promotes the acoustic treatment of the standing waves emitted by the natural frequencies of the belt.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention describes a zither (1) with a plurality of strings (2) and a sound box (3) having an internal cavity (4) delimited by a wood rib (5), a top sound board (7) and a bottom sound board (6). The top sound board (7) has at least one sound hole (14, 15). The rib (5) is made from hot formed steamed wood, the wood fibers (22) being substantially parallel to the inner contour (26) of the said rib. This inner contour (26) has a profile defined from three curves (C1, C2, C3) with an exponential development.

Description

CITHARE MUNIE D'UNE CEINTURE EN BOIS ETUVE, CINTRE A CHAUD CITHARE PROVIDED WITH AN OVEN WOODEN BELT, HOT HANGER
La présente invention concerne le domaine des instruments de musique à cordes présentant une caisse de résonance en bois.The present invention relates to the field of stringed musical instruments having a wooden sound box.
Il concerne plus particulièrement une cithare comportant une pluralité de cordes et une caisse de résonance, ladite caisse de résonance présentant une cavité interne délimitée par une ceinture en bois, une table d'harmonie inférieure prévue sur un côté de ladite ceinture, et une table d'harmonie supérieure prévue sur l'autre côté de ladite ceinture, ladite table d'harmonie supérieure présentant au moins une ouïe, lesdites cordes étant disposées sur ladite table d'harmonie supérieure du côté opposé à ladite caisse de résonance et étant écartées de ladite table d'harmonie supérieure par au moins un chevalet.It relates more particularly to a zither comprising a plurality of strings and a sound box, said sound box having an internal cavity delimited by a wooden belt, a lower soundboard provided on one side of said belt, and a table of 'upper harmony provided on the other side of said belt, said upper soundboard having at least one hearing, said strings being arranged on said upper soundboard on the side opposite to said sound box and being spaced from said table of superior harmony by at least one bridge.
Ce type d'instrument de musique est connu depuis très longtemps. Le brevet français n° 2 512 994 a considérablement amélioré ces cithares. Des améliorations ont ainsi été apportées sur le Dlan mélodique de l'instrument par l'élargissement de la tessiture de l'instrument qui peut aller d'un simple accord modal atonal jusqu'à trois octaves chromatiques. Des améliorations ont également concerné le plan harmonique par l'adjonction de bourdons, vibrant par sympathie ou non, répartis en accords ou ensembles modaux atonals. Enfin, dans le brevet n° 2 512 994, il est prévu de transmettre les vibrations des cordes à la table d'harmonie inférieure par l'intermédiaire d'un chevalet flottant disposé au septième de la longueur sous tension des cordes, la pression acoustique obtenue étant alors maximale.This type of musical instrument has been known for a very long time. French Patent No. 2,512,994 has considerably improved these zithers. Improvements were thus made on the melodic Dlan of the instrument by the widening of the tessitura of the instrument which can go from a simple modal atonal chord to three chromatic octaves. Improvements also concerned the harmonic plane by the addition of drones, vibrating by sympathy or not, divided into chords or atonal modal sets. Finally, in patent No. 2,512,994, it is intended to transmit the vibrations of the strings to the lower soundboard by means of a floating bridge disposed at one seventh of the length under tension of the strings, the acoustic pressure obtained then being maximum.
Dans ce type d'instrument amélioré, la modification αe la pression de l'air ambiant, qui se traduit pour notre tympan par le phénomène sonore et musical, se produit donc au moyen de la table d'harmonie inférieure. Cette dernière est fabriquée en bois tenαrε, et elle doit présenter à la fois des caractéristiques d'élasticité évidente et une physiologie basée sur une régularité des fibres linéaires et creuses. Cette table d'harmonie inférieure est mise sous tension au moyen d'une ceinture rigide et de barres de renfort destinées à compenser les déformations provoquées sur la ceinture par la tension de l'ensemble des cordes.In this type of improved instrument, the modification of the ambient air pressure, which results in our eardrum by the sound and musical phenomenon, therefore occurs by means of the lower soundboard. The latter is made of tenαrε wood, and it must have both elasticity characteristics obvious and a physiology based on a regularity of linear and hollow fibers. This lower soundboard is tensioned by means of a rigid belt and reinforcement bars intended to compensate for the deformations caused on the belt by the tension of all the strings.
La table d'harmonie constitue la partie vibrante de la caisse de résonance. Cette dernière a pour but de créer une zone de pression acoustique élevée et dynamique au moyen de la vibration de la table d'harmonie. La table d'harmonie inférieure crée la pression de l'air dans la caisse de résonance et la dépression s'effectue vers l'extérieur au moyen de l'ouie.The soundboard is the vibrating part of the sound box. The latter aims to create a zone of high and dynamic sound pressure by means of the vibration of the soundboard. The lower soundboard creates the pressure of the air in the sound box and the depression is carried outwards by means of the sound.
La ceinture de la caisse de résonance est réalisée, généralement, par assemblage ou collage de plusieurs éléments, et son profil interne est basé sur des formes géométriques rigoureuses à base de droites, ou est déduit intuitivement ou rationellement des courbes connues pour leurs caractéristiques propagatoires. Cependant, le mode de construction de cette ceinture entraîne des distorsions dans les sons émis par les cordes en vibration.The belt of the resonance box is generally produced by assembling or gluing several elements, and its internal profile is based on rigorous geometric shapes based on straight lines, or is deduced intuitively or rationally from the curves known for their propagative characteristics. However, the construction method of this belt leads to distortions in the sounds emitted by the vibrating strings.
En effet, la corde en vibration entraîne avec elle les matériaux entrant dans la fabrication de l'instrument et provoque è l'intérieur de la caisse des mouvements d'air appelés "onoes stationπaires". D'autre part, la vibration propre de ces matériaux colore le son initial obtenu par la vibration de la corαe, et détériore le timbre de l'instrument en renforçant, dans le spectre sonore, la propagation de certaines fréquences harmoniques. Enfin, l'augmentation d'amplitude de certaines harmoniques peut favoriser l'effet "tonneau" ou "acide" du timbre de l'instrument.Indeed, the vibrating cord carries with it the materials used in the manufacture of the instrument and causes inside the body of air movements called "stationary onoes". On the other hand, the inherent vibration of these materials colors the initial sound obtained by the vibration of the horn, and deteriorates the timbre of the instrument by reinforcing, in the sound spectrum, the propagation of certain harmonic frequencies. Finally, increasing the amplitude of certain harmonics can favor the "barrel" or "acid" effect of the timbre of the instrument.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer une cithare du type mentionné ci-dessus dans laquelle l'importance des ondes statioπnaires est fortement diminuée et dans laαuεlle l'amplitude sonore du son de corde émis est fortement augmentée.The object of the present invention is to provide a zither of the type mentioned above in which the importance of the standing waves is greatly reduced and in the lauuplement the sound amplitude of the chord sound emitted is greatly increased.
L'invention atteint son but par le fait que la ceinture est réalisée par cintrage à chaud d'une pièce en bois étuvé. découpée de telle manière que les fibres du bois soient sensiblement parallèles au pourtour intérieur de ladite ceinture. L'étuvage, le séchage intensif, la torsion, la compression des fibres du bois et la mise sous tension sont autant de facteurs déterminant pour augmenter la fréquence propre de résonance de la ceinture. La longueur d'onde obtenue est ainsi plus courte et plus facile à traiter acoustique ént. De plus la propagation des vibrations à travers la ceinture n'est pas freinée par des collages ou assemblages d'éléments en bois à contre-fils.The invention achieves its object by the fact that the belt is produced by hot bending of a piece of steamed wood. cut so that the wood fibers are substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said belt. Steaming, intensive drying, twisting, compression of wood fibers and tensioning are all determining factors to increase the natural frequency of resonance of the belt. The wavelength obtained is thus shorter and easier to treat acoustically. In addition, the propagation of vibrations through the belt is not slowed down by bonding or assembling wooden elements with counter-wires.
Avantageusement, le contour intérieur de ladite ceinture présente un profil établi à partir de trois courbes de développement à caractère exponentiel, lesdites courbes agissant dans des domaines de fréquence différents.Advantageously, the inner contour of said belt has a profile established from three development curves of exponential nature, said curves acting in different frequency domains.
Ces courbes de développement à caractère exponentiel favorisent le traitement acoustique des ondes stationnaires résultant de la fréquence propre du bois en vibration. Les caractéristiques mentionnées ci-dessus peuvent être en particulier appliquées è une cithare dans laquelle il est prévu une décompression laminaire par adjonction d'une pièce complémentaire en bois séparant la cavité interne de ladite caisse de résonance en une chambre principale communiquant avec l'extérieur par une ouïe principale, et en une chambre de décompression communiquant avec l'extérieur par une ouie de décompression, ladite chambre principale et ladite chambre ce décompression communiquant entre elles par un passage prévu entre ladite pièce complémentaire et ladite table d'harmonie inférieure. Avantageusement, ladite pièce complémentaire est également réalisée en bois étuvé par cintrage à chaud et ses fibres sont sensiblement parallèles au contour de ladite chambre principale.These exponential development curves favor the acoustic treatment of standing waves resulting from the natural frequency of the vibrating wood. The characteristics mentioned above can in particular be applied to a zither in which a laminar decompression is provided by adding a complementary piece of wood separating the internal cavity of said sound box into a main chamber communicating with the outside by a main opening, and in a decompression chamber communicating with the outside by a decompression opening, said main chamber and said chamber decompression communicating with each other by a passage provided between said complementary part and said lower soundboard. Advantageously, said complementary part is also made of steamed wood by hot bending and its fibers are substantially parallel to the contour of said main chamber.
Avantageusement, ladite pièce complémentaire présente le profil de l'une desdites courbes de développement à caractère exponentiel. La partie de ceinture délimitant la chambre principale présente alors, comme profil, les deux autres courbes de développement à caractère exponentiel, l'une de celles-ci favorisant la décompression laminaire vers l'ouïe de décompression ayant le plus grande longueur d'onde. D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortitoπt à la lecture de la description suivante faite à titre d'exemple et en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel : la figure 1 montre une vue de dessus de la cithare αe l'invention, la figure 2 est une coupe selon la ligne II II αe lε figure 1, la figure 3 est une coupe horizontale de la cithare selon la ligne III III de la figure 2, la figure 4 montre la pièce destinée à former la ceinture de la cithare.Advantageously, said complementary part has the profile of one of said development curves of exponential nature. The belt portion delimiting the main chamber then presents, as a profile, the two other development curves of exponential nature, one of these promoting laminar decompression towards the decompression hearing having the longest wavelength. Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge on reading the following description given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawing in which: FIG. 1 shows a top view of the zither αe of the invention, the Figure 2 is a section along line II II αe lε Figure 1, Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the zither according to line III III of Figure 2, Figure 4 shows the part intended to form the belt of the zither.
Le dessin montre une cithare 1 comportant une pluralité de cordes 2 sensiblement parallèles, disposées dans un plan au-dessus d'une caisse de résonance 3 en bois. La caisse αe résonance 3 comporte une cavité interne 4 délimitée par une ceinture 5 ayant le forme d'un anneau de part et d'autre duquel sont fixées une table d'harmonie inférieure 6 et une table d'harmonie supérieure 7, et comporte de plus des pieds 8 disposés sous la table d'harmonie inférieure 6 et destinés à supporter la cithare 1 sur une table de support 9. La cavité interne 4 est partagée en une chambre principale 10 et en une chambre αe décompression 11 par une pièce complémentaire en bois 12 disposée sous la table d'harmonie supérieure 7. Un passage 13 est prévu entre la pièce complémentaire 12 et la table d'harmonie inférieure 6 pour mettre en communication la chambre principale 10 et la chambre de décompression 11. La chambre principale 10 est er communication avec l'extérieur grâce à une ouïe principale 14 αe forme sensiblement ronde et située au voisinage du centre αe le table d'harmonie supérieure 7. La chambre de décompression 11 est également en communication avec l'extérieur grâce à une ouïe αε décompression 15 prévue dans la table d'harmonie supérieure 7 au voisinage de la ceinture 5. La chambre principale 10 occupe la plus grande partie de la cavité interne 4 et constitue la caisse de résonance musicale proprement dite. Les cordes 2 sont disposées au-dessus de la table d'harmonie supérieure 7 et sont écartées de cette dernière par un chevalet 16 fixé sur le bois de l'instrument et par un chevalet flottant 17 relié à la table d'harmonie inférieure 6 par des ponts 18 traversant des ouvertures 19 ménagées dans la table d'harmonie supérieure 7.The drawing shows a zither 1 comprising a plurality of substantially parallel cords 2, arranged in a plane above a wooden resonance box 3. The αe resonance box 3 has an internal cavity 4 delimited by a belt 5 having the shape of a ring on either side of which are fixed a lower soundboard 6 and an upper soundboard 7, and comprises plus the legs 8 arranged under the lower soundboard 6 and intended to support the zither 1 on a support table 9. The internal cavity 4 is divided into a main chamber 10 and a decompression chamber 11 by an additional part in wood 12 disposed under the upper soundboard 7. A passage 13 is provided between the complementary part 12 and the lower soundboard 6 to connect the main chamber 10 and the decompression chamber 11. The main chamber 10 is er communication with the outside through a main opening 14 αe substantially round shape and located near the center αe the upper soundboard 7. The decompression chamber 11 is also Lement in communication with the outside by means of an αε decompression opening 15 provided in the upper soundboard 7 in the vicinity of the belt 5. The main chamber 10 occupies most of the internal cavity 4 and constitutes the sounding board musical proper. The strings 2 are arranged above the upper soundboard 7 and are separated from the latter by a bridge 16 fixed on the wood of the instrument and by a floating bridge 17 connected to the lower soundboard 6 by bridges 18 crossing openings 19 formed in the upper soundboard 7.
Chaque corde 2 est fixée par une extrémité à la ceinture 5 et par l'autre extrémité à une cheville 20 permettant de tendre la corde. Ce mode de montage des cordes est connu par le brevet français n° 2 512 994 et ne sera pas davantage expliqué dans le présent mémoire.Each rope 2 is fixed by one end to the belt 5 and by the other end to a dowel 20 making it possible to tension the rope. This method of mounting the strings is known from French Patent No. 2,512,994 and will not be further explained in the present specification.
La table d'harmonie supérieure 7 et la table d'narmomε inférieure 6 sont fabriquées en bois tendre, tel que l'épicéa ou le pin d'Orégon. Elles présentent des caractéristiques d'élasticité et une physiologie basée sur une régularité de fibres linéaires et creuses.The upper soundboard 7 and the lower harmony table 6 are made of soft wood, such as spruce or Oregon pine. They have elasticity characteristics and physiology based on a regularity of linear and hollow fibers.
Ces tables d'harmonie 6 et 7, et en particulier la table d'harmonie inférieure 6, sont mises sous tension au moyen de la ceinture 5 et de barres de renfort, non représentées sur le dessin, afin de compenser les déformations provoquées sur la ceinture par la tension des cordes.These soundboards 6 and 7, and in particular the lower soundboard 6, are tensioned by means of the belt 5 and reinforcement bars, not shown in the drawing, in order to compensate for the deformations caused on the belt by the tension of the cords.
Selon l'invention, la ceinture 5 est réalisée à partir d'une pièce 21 en bois étuvée, de préférence en hêtre, que l'on cintre à chaud. Les fibres 22 du bois de la pièce 21 s'étendent sensiblement parallèlement au bord 23 de cette pièce 21, qui est destinée à former la paroi intérieure annulaire de la ceinture 5. Une extrémité 24 de cette pièce 21 est découpée en biseau et, après cintrage, elle est appliquée et fixée contre le bord 23 de l'autre extrémité 25. Grâce à cette méthode de construction de la ceinture 5, les fibres 22 sont sensiblement parallèles au contour intérieur 26 de la ceinture 5.According to the invention, the belt 5 is made from a piece 21 of steamed wood, preferably beech, which is bent hot. The fibers 22 of the wood of the piece 21 extend substantially parallel to the edge 23 of this piece 21, which is intended to form the annular inner wall of the belt 5. One end 24 of this piece 21 is cut at a bevel and, after bending, it is applied and fixed against the edge 23 of the other end 25. Thanks to this method of construction of the belt 5, the fibers 22 are substantially parallel to the internal contour 26 of the belt 5.
La pièce complémentaire 12 est également réalisée en hêtre étuvé et elle est mise en forme pour que ses fibres 22a épousent le contour 27 de la pièce complémentaire 12 qui délimite la chambre principale 10.Attachment 12 is also formed i n steamed beech and it is shaped so that its fibers 22a espouse the contour 27 of the complementary part 12 which delimits master bedroom 10.
La pièce complémentaire 12 est solidarisée à l'anneau 5 par tout moyen connu. En particulier ses faces d'extrémité (12a, 12b) peuvent être collées contre le pourtour intérieur 26 de la ceinture 5.The complementary part 12 is secured to the ring 5 by any known means. In particular its end faces (12a, 12b) can be glued against the inner periphery 26 of the belt 5.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le pourtour de la chambre principale 10 présente un profil convexe formé de trois courbes Cl, C2, C3 ayant des développements à caractère exponentiel. La courbe Cl est définie par le profil du contour 27 de la pièce complémentaire 12. Les deux autres courbes C2 et C3 sont constituées par le contour 26 de la ceinture 5 αu-- déli ite la chambre principale 10. La courbe C2 s'étend entre les points référencés 28 et 29 sur la figure 3, et la courbe C3 s'étend entre les points référencés 29 et 30. Les courbes Cl, C2 et C3 agissent chacune dans des domaines de fréquence différents, ce qui permet à la chambre principale 10 de propager les ondes sonores consécutives à la vibration d'une corde selon une distribution qui se rapproche d'une courbe linéaire quelle que soit la fréquence. Ainsi la courbe Cl favorise la répercussion des modulations d'amplitude du chevalet 16.According to another characteristic of the invention, the periphery of the main chamber 10 has a convex profile formed by three curves C1, C2, C3 having exponential developments. The curve C1 is defined by the profile of the contour 27 of the complementary part 12. The other two curves C2 and C3 are formed by the contour 26 of the belt 5 αu-- delimits the main chamber 10. The curve C2 extends between the points referenced 28 and 29 in FIG. 3, and the curve C3 extends between the points referenced 29 and 30. The curves C1, C2 and C3 each act in different frequency domains, which allows the main chamber 10 to propagate the sound waves consecutive to the vibration of a string according to a distribution which approaches a linear curve whatever the frequency. Thus the curve Cl promotes the repercussion of the amplitude modulations of the bridge 16.
La courbe C3 favorise la répercussion des modulations d'amplitude du chevalet flottant 18, et la courbe C2 permet une décompression laminaire, vers l'ouïe de décompression 15, αes fréquences ayant la plus grande longueur d'onde, et ce en phase accordée avec l'ouïe principale 14.The curve C3 promotes the repercussion of the amplitude modulations of the floating bridge 18, and the curve C2 allows a laminar decompression, towards the decompression hearing 15, at the frequencies having the greatest wavelength, and this in phase tuned with main hearing 14.
Du fait, que la ceinture 5 est en hêtre étuvé et cintré à chaud, sa fréquence propre αe résonance est plus élevée, ce αi-i favorise le traitement accoustique des ondes stationnaires émises par les fréquences propres de la ceinture. Due to the fact that the belt 5 is made of steamed beechwood and hot bent, its natural frequency αe resonance is higher, this αi-i promotes the acoustic treatment of the standing waves emitted by the natural frequencies of the belt.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Cithare comportant une pluralité de cordes (2) et une caisse de résonance (3) , ladite caisse de résonance (3) présentant une cavité interne (4) délimitée par une ceinture en bois (5) , une table d'harmonie inférieure (6) prévue sur un côté de ladite ceinture (5) et une table d'harmonie supérieure (7) prévue sur l'autre côté de ladite ceinture (5), ladite table d'harmonie supérieure (7) présentant au moins une ouïe (14, 15), et lesdites cordes étant disposées sur ladite table d'harmonie supérieure (7) du côté opposé à ladite caisse de résonance (3) et étant écartées de ladite table d'harmonie supérieure (7) par au moins un chevalet (16, 18), caractérisée en ce que ladite ceinture (5) est réalisée par cintrage à chaud d'une pièce (21) en bois étuvé, découpée de telle manière que les fibres du bois (22) soient sensiblement parallèles au contour intérieur (26) de ladite ceinture (5) .1. Zither comprising a plurality of strings (2) and a sound box (3), said sound box (3) having an internal cavity (4) delimited by a wooden belt (5), a lower soundboard (6) provided on one side of said belt (5) and an upper soundboard (7) provided on the other side of said belt (5), said upper soundboard (7) having at least one opening (14, 15), and said strings being arranged on said upper soundboard (7) on the side opposite to said sound box (3) and being separated from said upper soundboard (7) by at least one bridge (16, 18), characterized in that said belt (5) is produced by hot bending of a piece (21) of parboiled wood, cut in such a way that the fibers of the wood (22) are substantially parallel to the interior contour (26) of said belt (5).
2. Cithare selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le contour intérieur (6) de ladite ceinture (5) présente un profil établi à partir de trois courbes Cl, C2, C3 de développement à caractère exponentiel pour favoriser le traitement acoustiαue des ondes stationnaires, lesdites courbes agissant dans des domaines de fréquence différents.2. Zither according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal contour (6) of said belt (5) has a profile established from three curves C1, C2, C3 of exponential development to favor the acoustiαue wave treatment stationary, said curves acting in different frequency ranges.
3. Cithare selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle il est prévu une décompression laminaire par adjonction d'une pièce complémentaire (12) en bois séparant la cavité interne (4) de ladite caisse αe résonance (3) en une chambre principale (10) communiquant avec l'extérieur par une ouïe principale (14), et en une chambre de décompression (11) communiquant avec l'extérieur par une ouïe de décompression (15) , ladite chambre principale (10) et ladite chambre de décompression (11) communiquant entre elles par un passage (13) prévu entre ladite pièce complémentaire (12) et ladite table d'harmonie inférieure (6), caratérisée en ce que ladite pièce complémentaire (12) est également réalisée en bois étuvé et cintré à chaud et, en ce que ses fibres (22a) sont sensiblement parallèles au contour (27:, de ladite chambre principale (10) .3. Zither according to claim 2, in which a laminar decompression is provided by adding a complementary piece (12) of wood separating the internal cavity (4) from said resonant body (3) into a main chamber (10). communicating with the outside via a main port (14), and in a decompression chamber (11) communicating with the outside via a decompression port (15), said main chamber (10) and said decompression chamber (11) communicating with each other by a passage (13) provided between said complementary part (12) and said lower soundboard (6), characterized in that said complementary part (12) is also made of steamed and hot bent wood and, in that its fibers (22a) are substantially parallel to the contour (27 :, from said main bedroom (10).
4. Cithare selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite pièce complémentaire (12) présente le profil de l'une αesdites courbes de développement à caractère exponentiel (Cl) .4. Zither according to claim 3, characterized in that said complementary part (12) has the profile of one of said development curves of exponential nature (Cl).
05 5. Cithare selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la partie de ceinture (5) délimitant le chambre principale (10) présente comme profil les deux autres courbes de développement à caractère exponentiel (C2, C3) , l'une de celles-ci (C2) favorisant la décompression laminaire, vers l'ouïe de décompression05 5. Zither according to claim 4, characterized in that the belt part (5) delimiting the main chamber (10) has as profile the two other development curves of exponential nature (C2, C3), one of those -ci (C2) promoting laminar decompression, towards decompression hearing
10 (15), des fréquences ayant la plus grande longueur d'ondes.10 (15), frequencies with the longest wavelength.
6. Cithare selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisée en ce que ladite -pièce complémentaire (12) est réalisée en hêtre.6. Zither according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that said complementary piece (12) is made of beech.
7. Cithare selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, 15 caractérisée en ce que ladite ceinture (5) est réalisée en hêtre.7. Zither according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said belt (5) is made of beech.
2020
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EP92905090A 1991-01-24 1992-01-22 Zither with a hot formed steamed wood rib Expired - Lifetime EP0568630B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9100813 1991-01-24
FR9100813A FR2672148B1 (en) 1991-01-24 1991-01-24 CITHARE PROVIDED WITH AN OVEN WOODED BELT, HOT HANGER.
PCT/FR1992/000053 WO1992013333A1 (en) 1991-01-24 1992-01-22 Zither with a hot formed steamed wood rib

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0568630A1 true EP0568630A1 (en) 1993-11-10
EP0568630B1 EP0568630B1 (en) 1995-04-05

Family

ID=9409019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92905090A Expired - Lifetime EP0568630B1 (en) 1991-01-24 1992-01-22 Zither with a hot formed steamed wood rib

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0568630B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06505346A (en)
AT (1) ATE120872T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69201950T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2672148B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992013333A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2512994B1 (en) * 1981-08-06 1989-11-17 Murray Martial CHROMATIC AND POLYHARMONIC CITHAR, WITH LAMINAR DECOMPRESSION AND FLOATING HORSE
EP0195481A3 (en) * 1985-03-18 1987-05-13 Richard Beck String and bow musical instrument and method for manufacturing sounding boards
GB2202072B (en) * 1987-03-07 1991-04-03 Joseph Harold Stephens Improvements in or relating to violins

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9213333A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1992013333A1 (en) 1992-08-06
EP0568630B1 (en) 1995-04-05
DE69201950T2 (en) 1995-11-16
DE69201950D1 (en) 1995-05-11
ATE120872T1 (en) 1995-04-15
FR2672148A1 (en) 1992-07-31
JPH06505346A (en) 1994-06-16
FR2672148B1 (en) 1995-06-16

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