EP0564546A1 - Procede pour la renovation d'ouvrages avec des elements metalliques inseres dans ces derniers - Google Patents

Procede pour la renovation d'ouvrages avec des elements metalliques inseres dans ces derniers

Info

Publication number
EP0564546A1
EP0564546A1 EP92902455A EP92902455A EP0564546A1 EP 0564546 A1 EP0564546 A1 EP 0564546A1 EP 92902455 A EP92902455 A EP 92902455A EP 92902455 A EP92902455 A EP 92902455A EP 0564546 A1 EP0564546 A1 EP 0564546A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
plastic layer
electrically conductive
metal parts
potential
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92902455A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sten Henning V Litalo
Hans Oppitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eltac Nogler und Daum KG
Coating AS
Original Assignee
Eltac Nogler und Daum KG
Coating AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eltac Nogler und Daum KG, Coating AS filed Critical Eltac Nogler und Daum KG
Publication of EP0564546A1 publication Critical patent/EP0564546A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/04—Controlling or regulating desired parameters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F2201/00—Type of materials to be protected by cathodic protection
    • C23F2201/02—Concrete, e.g. reinforced

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method as described in the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Another known electrically operated (active) corrosion protection system - in accordance with GB-S 2 140 456 - has a DC voltage source whose positive potential is applied to a thin, permanent, non-corrodible anode made of strips, rods, wires or nets. These anodes are fixed to the concrete surface with an epoxy adhesive and then coated with a conductive paint.
  • the negative potential of the direct voltage source is due to the reinforcement formed by metal parts.
  • the electrical field formed between the anode and the cathode is intended to prevent corrosion of the metal parts, ie the reinforcement, for example in bridges, with the protective current flowing in the field.
  • electrodes are provided in the area of the reinforcement, with which the voltage in the electrical see field in the area of the reinforcement is monitored in order to automatically monitor the current flow in the electrical field via a control device connected to the electrodes.
  • an electrical direct voltage is applied between a reinforcing element in a carbonized area of the concrete and an electrode in an area which exhibits alkaline behavior.
  • the acidified area of the concrete is realized by the transport of a basic liquid to the acidic area, the lye-like liquid being supplied by an internal or external lye supply via the direct current.
  • this lye supply exists in a certain area in the concrete, provided that the wall or the object formed by the concrete is double-reinforced and that this reinforcement is not in direct contact with the reinforcement in the acidic position that should be protected.
  • an electrode is used in a wet alkaline environment, which is arranged on the outside of the concrete structure to be realized.
  • This environment is an electrolytic medium which is applied to the surface of the structure and an electrolyte can be used as the electrolytic medium, in the form of an aqueous solution of calcium, soda and / or potassium salts in liquid form or incorporated in a porous medium such as mineral wool, sawdust, sand or clay alongside other porous media.
  • an outer, thin reinforcement grid is applied to the concrete surface, which acts as an electrode.
  • an alkaline wet cardboard pulp is sprayed onto the entire wall in such a thickness that the net is completely covered. This process takes place after the repa-
  • This slurry can comprise approximately 50 l / m of wall surface.
  • a direct current source with an output power between 500 and 700 amperes and a voltage of 10 to 50 V is connected to the electrode network and the reinforcements.
  • the external electrode is to be connected to the negative potential of the direct voltage source, while the reinforcements in the carbonized zone in the concrete are connected to the positive potential.
  • the current changes to an electrolysis current and that is the actual energy consumer.
  • the power is turned on to cause the liquid to quickly enter the wall (2-3 days).
  • the cardboard porridge must be checked and improved continuously to prevent it from drying out.
  • Rust deposits are often created by the external reinforcement network and these deposits are located on the concrete wall and must therefore be removed. Finally, a protective layer must be applied to prevent the concrete from carbonizing again. Due to the previous penetration of alkaline liquids into the concrete, a Drying of the surface must be made possible and the type of coating must in many cases be selected very carefully in order to enable sufficient adhesion.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a method for metal parts embedded in structures and to protect them from corrosion, in particular by means of concentration elements, that is to say galvanic elements, and in which a field which is uniform in all areas of the structure comes into effect .
  • concentration elements that is to say galvanic elements
  • electromechanical process which is simple, cheap and safe and which enables the reinforcing inserts to be re-passivated in carbonated concrete.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by the features specified in patent claim 1.
  • the advantage of this solution is that by using a very low operating voltage, which is applied to the electrodes, the energy supplied via the electrodes is not sufficient to trigger dissociation. In conjunction with the pulsating voltage curve, this now enables the salts, which are heteropolar compounds, not to disintegrate into their ions. This keeps them in a state of limbo as they are neutral.
  • a further embodiment is described in claim 2, whereby the local elements formed between the areas of the metal parts which are exposed to the different pH values are switched off by the superimposed electrical field and in turn a continuous one anodic protection of the metal parts is achieved.
  • the measure according to claim 5 prevents the occurrence of dissociation between the metal parts and the carbonized concrete parts, whereby, above all, an oxyhydrogen gas formation can be reliably prevented.
  • the cathode is supplied with the same voltage at the same time, as a result of which the salts or the conductive salt residues are reached between the components present at the positive and negative potential of the DC voltage source.
  • an embodiment according to claim 8 is also advantageous because good conductivity and low contact resistances and thus a low continuous output for the supply system for maintaining the electrical field are achieved.
  • an embodiment according to claim 10 is also advantageous because it prevents the molecules of the heteropolar compounds from disintegrating into their ions and thus prevents acidic or basic compounds from forming at the anode or cathode.
  • An embodiment according to claim 12 is possible because the negative voltage component eliminates the substances formed by the electrolytic decomposition, in particular the unfavorable gases in a reverse reaction.
  • a method according to claim 13 is also advantageous because it raises the mean voltage potential to the positive range without the need for additional switching and / or regulating devices.
  • training according to claim 14 is also possible because very inexpensive supply devices can be used which can easily achieve a medium, positive potential via control elements.
  • the procedure according to claim 17 prevents the build-up of contaminants favoring corrosion.
  • the advantage is achieved that the multilayer structure of the electrode arranged on the surface of the component ensures good adhesion and thus overall a distributed introduction of energy in the electrical field. This prevents the occurrence of voltage peaks and thus the occurrence of dissociations or electrolysis phenomena.
  • the measures according to claim 19 are also advantageous, since this avoids the current density or voltage peaks in the region between the two electrodes.
  • the measures according to claim 21 prevent the occurrence of electrolysis phenomena by exceeding the wetting tension of water, whereby damage to the structure or aggressive decomposition of the concrete and, above all, the dreaded detonating gas formation can be prevented.
  • Claim 23 describes an embodiment which is very advantageous for the renovation of concrete structures, since the electrode arranged on the outside can thereby be produced in a simple manner, which is also environmentally friendly through the use of a water-based lacquer.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a building 1 in which the metal parts formed by the reinforcement are arranged in a protective jacket formed of concrete and a surrounding one
  • FIG. 2 shows the building in front view cut along the lines II-II in Fig.1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a part of the protective jacket with metal parts arranged therein in the area of the protective layer applied to its surface, partially cut away in a diagrammatic representation
  • FIG. 5 shows another embodiment variant of a corrosion protection device for carrying out the method according to the invention in a simplified, diagrammatic representation.
  • a building 1 in particular a bridge 2 is shown, which consists of a prestressed concrete structure.
  • a protective jacket 4 formed from concrete 3 comprises the reinforcement 6 formed by metal parts 5.
  • a corrosion protection device 7 is provided.
  • the corrosion protection device 7 for preventing the corrosion of the metal parts 5 comprises a voltage supply device 8, e.g. a DC voltage source 10 formed by a battery 9, the positive potential of which is present at a positive pole 11 and the negative potential of which is present at a negative pole 12.
  • the negative pole 12 can either be connected to an earth conductor 13, which anchors in the area 14 surrounding the building 1, e.g. is buried and / or connected to the reinforcement 6 via a line 15.
  • the positive pole 11 of the DC voltage source 10 is connected to an arranged, electrically conductive plastic layer 16 of the protective jacket 4 via a line 17.
  • This plastic layer 16 is on its surface facing away from the protective jacket 4 18 with a protective layer 19, for. B. provide a varnish 20 which preferably has a pore size which also enables water vapor diffusion.
  • a preferred embodiment of the plastic layer 16 is the use of acrylic polyester.
  • the plastic layer 16 or the protective layer 19 or the lacquer 20 can be formed, for example, in a conductive plastic, for example in the manner of a thermoset with a macromolecular structure, for example in an acrylate with at least partially crosslinked polymers.
  • Such a conductive plastic for the plastic layer 16 or possibly the protective layer 19 or the lacquer 20 contains synthetic resin dispersions, synthetic resin solutions or synthetic resins with metal or semimetal compounds or their solutions in an amount, so that a synthetic resin molecule comes approximately to a metal or semimetal atom and which, after mixing and adding reducing agent in a slight excess or by known thermal decomposition, contains metal or semimetal atoms and in which the ions formed or still present are washed out and the dispersions , Solutions or granules with graphite or carbon black are further processed.
  • plastics are not only resistant to chemical and electrochemical influences, but also have a high resistance to aging, since they contain no ions and hardly change as a result of the action of electrical currents.
  • plastics described above can be used advantageously in conjunction with the cathodes and / or anodes or electrodes shown in the various exemplary embodiments and have proven extremely useful in practical tests. Another advantage of these plastics is that they have high surface adhesion and surface roughness.
  • the plastic layer 16 is preferably mixed with a reducing agent, in particular a boron salt, as a result of which oxygen reduction occurs in the area of the protective layer or, through boron ions which may be detached, in the concrete structure itself, which improves the invention Process and the chemical reactions taking place.
  • the electrical plastic layer 16 of the protective jacket 4 can also be arranged from a surface 24 facing away from a roadway 23, which in particular form side walls 25 and an underside 26 of a bridge.
  • a surface 24 facing away from a roadway 23 which in particular form side walls 25 and an underside 26 of a bridge.
  • the protective layer 19, in particular the lacquer 20, is arranged on the plastic layer 16 on the side facing away from the surface 24.
  • the plastic layer 16 is connected via the line 17 to the positive pole 11 of the voltage supply device 8.
  • Voltage supply device 8 is connected via line 15 to grounding conductor 13, for. B. connected to a band 27, which, for. B. in Er ⁇ erection of the building 1 in the area of a footprint 28 of the building 1 is arranged in the field.
  • the line 15 can, however, also be loaned or connected in an electrically conductive manner to the metal parts 5 forming the reinforcement 6. In this case, a voltage between 1 V and a maximum of 10 V is fed into the lines 15 and 17 via the voltage supply device 8. Due to the different transmission losses in the lines or between the plastic layer 16 and the structure, e.g. the bridge 2 to an effective voltage between the plastic layer 16 and the metal parts 5 of 0.2 V to 4 V, in particular 1.5 V.
  • At least 3 to 10 are preferred over an area of 100 m
  • the reinforcement 6 is the one that forms it Metal parts 5 embedded in the concrete 3.
  • potassium hydroxide, Ca (OH) 2 is formed and a strongly alkaline solution with pH values greater than 12.5 forms in the pore water of the concrete.
  • metal parts, in particular made of steel are protected against corrosion by a thin oxidic cover layer.
  • the concrete 3 forms a protective jacket 4, ie a secondary mechanical protection against injuries to this cover layer and at the same time also prevents - at least in the case of dense concrete - the penetration of aggressive substances up to the reinforcement 6.
  • This corrosion of the reinforcement 6 by the galvanic element takes place through a separate oxidation in the area of the undamaged metal parts 5 lying in the alkaline area and to a reduction in the area of those parts of the metal parts 5 in which the oxidic covering layer has been destroyed by the action from outside.
  • the currents 30 flowing in the field 29 - also referred to as protective currents -
  • the low electrolyte resistance thus results in a protective current requirement which can only be approximately the corrosion current of the galvanic elements acting in the absence of an electrical field.
  • a further advantage which is achieved by the establishment of a directed electric field is that the negative ions of the negative chlorides or salts through the electric field in the direction of the electrically conductive plastic layer acting as anode 31 and acting as anode 16, hike and bloom there.
  • the conductive plastic layer has 16 pores, the pore size of which is sufficient to permit water vapor diffusion and thus an outflow. flowering of the negative ions, that is to say the salts and the like.
  • the cations i.e. the positive metal ions such as B. K +, NA +, Ca2 +, on the other hand, migrate to the negatively charged metal parts 5 and form an effective protective coating 32 with the oxidation products of the metal parts 5.
  • the protective layer 19, in particular made of an acrylic polyester, applied to the plastic layer 16, like the plastic layer 16, has pores which allow water vapor diffusion.
  • the electrically conductive plastic layer 16 is arranged as a protective layer on the surface 24 of the protective jacket 4 made of concrete 3 with the metal parts 5 of the reinforcement 6 embedded therein.
  • band-shaped lines 33 for. B. pure silver strips 34 are embedded, which are connected via line 17 to the positive pole 11 of the voltage supply device 8.
  • Pure silver strips 34 are either fully integrated into the plastic layer 16 or at least 3 to 10 contact areas per 100 m surface 24 of the protective jacket 4 are connected or contacted with the plastic layer 16 in a highly conductive manner.
  • the negative pole 12 is connected to the grounding conductor 13 via the line 15.
  • the voltage supply device 8 is connected via lines 35 to a supply device 36 and is supplied with alternating current from the latter, the voltage supply device 8 having a rectifier element 37, by means of which a pulsating direct current is generated, the positive potential of the positive pole 11 and the latter negative potential is present at the negative pole 12.
  • the plastic layer 16 has pores 38, the size of which enables water vapor diffusion and is mixed with a reducing agent, in particular a boron salt - schematically represented by crosses 39.
  • a reducing agent in particular a boron salt - schematically represented by crosses 39.
  • the protective layer 19 On The surface 40 facing away from the surface 24 of the protective jacket 4 is arranged on the plastic layer 16, the protective layer 19 also provided with pores 41, whereby water vapor diffusion is also possible through this.
  • This configuration produces a large-area electrode which, even in the event of vibrations or interruptions of individual line connections, provides a flat voltage supply and thus the occurrence of current and voltage peaks in the area of the electrode or the electrical field 29 built up by the electrode, which is shown schematically by field lines 42 is indicated, avoids.
  • the voltage with a positive potential is greater than that with a negative potential, or the time of the voltage applied with a positive potential is greater than that with a negative potential.
  • the positive sine curve 43 of a correspondingly transformed down mains voltage is obtained, while the negative part 44 of the sine curve is cut off in the lower voltage range, so that as long as the negative
  • Proportion of the original sine curve does not exceed a certain voltage, there is no voltage and only when the sine voltage exceeds the predetermined voltage limit, the voltage exceeding this voltage limit is applied to the electrodes.
  • the method according to the invention is not restricted to sinusoidal voltages of 50 or 60 s.
  • the anode present at the positive potential over the longer period of time is applied to negative potential, while the cathode present at the negative potential over the longer period of time is connected to positive potential.
  • This preferred form of the voltage-time curves can be achieved, for example, with a voltage supply device described in FIG. 6 of EP-PS 0 100 845.
  • 5 shows a component 46 of a concrete structure with reinforcing elements 47.
  • these reinforcement elements 47 are connected to a direct voltage source 50 via a line 49. This potential or connection acts as a cathode.
  • An electrically conductive coating 52 is applied to the outside or a surface 51 of the component 46 and is in direct contact with the open pores in the concrete and the pore water therein. This connection or coating 52 serves as an anode.
  • the coating 52 can consist of a current-conducting, synthetic and / or cement-based permanent coating.
  • an electrically conductive paint can be used, which is commercially available under the trade name ELK-82 or similar other water-based paints or lacquers.
  • This coating 52 is contacted with a low current via contact areas 53 via various lines 54, for example also running parallel to one another.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that in the event of a corrosive attack on the reinforcing elements 47 in concrete, in practice only care must be taken to create an alkaline environment on the surface of the iron or reinforcing elements 47 in order to prevent corrosion to prevent.
  • the electrode that is to say the anode which is present at the positive potential and which is arranged on the outside or surface 51 of the component 46, namely acts during When the present method is carried out, it is not used as a supply reserve for alkali or as an electrolyte, but merely as a positive potential range.
  • the reinforcing elements 47 which then represent a negative potential (cathode), OH ions are then produced from the alkalis which are always present in the concrete.
  • a lower current density is required in order to achieve the desired effect . Accordingly, when carrying out the present method, it is sufficient to use low voltages and current intensities.
  • An example of such a low voltage is 1 V to 6 V, preferably not more than 5 V and as an example of the
  • the current density should not be more than 0.5 to 5 mA / m.
  • electrically conductive coating 52 Immediately after the application or application of the electrically conductive coating 52, optionally electrically conductive primer 55 and a CO2-repellent coating 56 should also be applied.
  • Primer 55 can preferably also be electrically conductive.
  • the steps required to carry out the present method are small and extremely simple, compared to the steps that have to be taken if a method is carried out in accordance with the prior art.
  • the present method enables harmless, dry electrochemical protection and passivation of the reinforcing elements 47 of the component, while undesirable side effects, such as e.g. the influences of conductive liquids, high current density, the incalculable duration of action, the uncertain result, the cleaning work, the clearing work and the maintenance etc. are avoided.
  • the expected magnitude of the current density is a few orders of magnitude lower than the current density used in the known method.
  • the voltage used in the method according to the invention is also lower than the voltage used in the known methods.
  • the present method enables the owner of a building he wants to maintain to stop the corrosion of the reinforcement elements 47 and to build up an alkaline environment in the area of the reinforcement elements.
  • the present method is a simple, cost-saving and safe way to passivate and stop the corrosion of reinforcing elements 47 in carbonized concrete.

Abstract

La présente invention décrit un procédé pour la rénovation d'ouvrages (1) avec des éléments métalliques (5) insérés dans ces derniers et reliés à une source de tension continue (10), dont le potentiel positif est en contact avec une couche protectrice électriquement conductrice disposée à la surface de l'ouvrage (1), et dont le potentiel négatif est relié à la terre et/ou à des parties métalliques (5). Une partie de la surface de l'ouvrage (1) est munie de la couche protectrice conductrice. A cette dernière est appliquée une tension effective maximale de 0,2 à 4 V, de préference 1,5 V, laquelle présente une courbe de tension pulsatoire.
EP92902455A 1990-12-18 1991-12-18 Procede pour la renovation d'ouvrages avec des elements metalliques inseres dans ces derniers Withdrawn EP0564546A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO905454A NO905454D0 (no) 1990-12-18 1990-12-18 Fremgangsmaate for repassivering av armeringsjern beliggende i karbonatisert betong.
NO905454 1990-12-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0564546A1 true EP0564546A1 (fr) 1993-10-13

Family

ID=19893733

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92902455A Withdrawn EP0564546A1 (fr) 1990-12-18 1991-12-18 Procede pour la renovation d'ouvrages avec des elements metalliques inseres dans ces derniers

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0564546A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU9133191A (fr)
NO (1) NO905454D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992011399A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1777322A1 (fr) * 2005-10-18 2007-04-25 Technische Universiteit Delft Appareil et méthode pour la protection cathodique d'une structure en béton armé
DE102015115297A1 (de) * 2015-09-10 2017-03-16 Koch GmbH Verfahren zur Verlegung eines Anodensystems für einen kathodischen Korrosionsschutz

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3692650A (en) * 1970-08-24 1972-09-19 Signal Oil & Gas Co Cathodic protection system
GB2140456A (en) * 1982-12-02 1984-11-28 Taywood Engineering Limited Cathodic protection
DE3500738C1 (de) * 1985-01-08 1986-08-21 Mario Dr.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Friedmann Verfahren zum Schützen von Stahlbetonaußenbauteilen gegen Korrosion
AT387990B (de) * 1985-01-14 1989-04-10 Nogler & Daum Eltac Korrosionsschutzverfahren fuer in einem schutzmantel eingebettete metallteile und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9211399A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1992011399A1 (fr) 1992-07-09
AU9133191A (en) 1992-07-22
NO905454D0 (no) 1990-12-18

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