EP0561376A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Schwachgasen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von Schwachgasen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0561376A2
EP0561376A2 EP93104344A EP93104344A EP0561376A2 EP 0561376 A2 EP0561376 A2 EP 0561376A2 EP 93104344 A EP93104344 A EP 93104344A EP 93104344 A EP93104344 A EP 93104344A EP 0561376 A2 EP0561376 A2 EP 0561376A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
combustion
chamber
apertures
poor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93104344A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0561376A3 (en
Inventor
Piermartino Demartino
Ambrogio Milani
Sandro Razore
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CRIS -CONSORZIO RICERCHE INNOVATIVE PER IL SUD
Original Assignee
CRIS -CONSORZIO RICERCHE INNOVATIVE PER IL SUD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CRIS -CONSORZIO RICERCHE INNOVATIVE PER IL SUD filed Critical CRIS -CONSORZIO RICERCHE INNOVATIVE PER IL SUD
Publication of EP0561376A2 publication Critical patent/EP0561376A2/de
Publication of EP0561376A3 publication Critical patent/EP0561376A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/21—Burners specially adapted for a particular use
    • F23D2900/21003—Burners specially adapted for a particular use for heating or re-burning air or gas in a duct

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for burning poor gases by means of a gas which supports combustion, and to the combustion apparatus.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gases from the turbine is increased by suitable burners, so called “duct burners” inserted in the exhaust duct from the turbine upstream of the recovery boiler.
  • duct burners inserted in the exhaust duct from the turbine upstream of the recovery boiler.
  • a method for burning the poor gas in a gas turbine is also known.
  • the poor gas is previously mixed with gas from a coke plant, possibly mixed with gas from a converter for the production of steel.
  • the mixture is then burnt together with about 24% of natural gas.
  • the exhaust fumes are in turn then sent to a boiler for the recovery of the residual heat, producing steam at about 490°C, but resulting in a low efficiency in the steam turbine downstream.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus for achieving combustion of poor gases by means of a gas which supports combustion; this method and apparatus should be of the maximum simplicity and safety in operation so as to eliminate the disadvantages listed above of the prior art.
  • a further object of the invention is to use the exhaust fumes from a gas turbine directly as the combustion supporter for the poor gases.
  • the method of the invention which is characterised in that it includes the following steps: supplying a flow of the gas which supports combustion to a combustion chamber in a predetermined direction and sense; at least in a preliminary phase in which a pilot flame is ignited in the chamber, directing the pilot flame in the said direction and sense; and supplying a flow of the poor gas to the chamber towards the pilot flame in a direction substantially transverse the said predetermined direction.
  • the apparatus for carrying out this method is characterised in that it includes a burner for a pilot flame located in a combustion chamber and arranged to direct the pilot flame in a predetermined direction and sense, and means for supplying a flow of the poor gas to the chamber towards the pilot flame in a direction substantially transverse the predetermined direction.
  • the combustion apparatus enables a poor gas, for example the product of an iron-working plant, such as a blast furnace, to be burnt with the use of the exhaust gases or fumes from a gas turbine as the combustion-supporting gas.
  • a poor gas for example the product of an iron-working plant, such as a blast furnace
  • the combustion apparatus also enables other types of poor gas such as, for example, those produced by the atmospheric gasification of carbon or biomasses, to be burnt.
  • a pilot or support flame is used and is produced by burning a relatively rich gas, that is, a gas having an average-high calorific value such as coke plant gas or methane.
  • the pilot flame is obtained with the same combustion-support gas as in the gas turbine exhaust.
  • a combustion chamber for poor gases is generally indicated 6 and has a substantially square or rectangular section defined by a pair of longitudinal walls 7 and a pair of transverse walls 8.
  • the chamber 6 is connected in the usual duct which conveys the combustion-support gas, normally constituted by the exhaust gases or fumes from a gas turbine.
  • the combustion-support gas is supplied in parallel with the walls 7 and 8 in a pre-determined direction and sense indicated by the arrows C.
  • the walls 7 and 8 may be vertical and the poor gas may be supplied upwardly as shown in the drawings.
  • the walls 7 and/or 8 may be inclined or horizontal, whereby the path of the combustion gas will be correspondingly inclined or horizontal.
  • a linear burner generally indicated 9 is located on the centre line of the chamber 6, parallel to the walls 7, and is arranged to produce a pilot flame 19 (Figure 3) which burns coke plant gas.
  • the burner 9 may be of modular type, one module of which is indicated 9' in the drawing, so that if a series of modules 9' is placed end to end, a burner 9 of any length may be obtained.
  • the burner 9 ( Figure 2) of known type and constituted by four modules, is constituted essentially by a tubular duct 11 which is provided along a generatrix with a series of holes or nozzles 12 (see also Figure 3) mutually spaced at a predetermined distance.
  • a module 9' may contain four nozzles 12.
  • the duct 11 is located within a channel 13 of upside-down U shape, whose transverse wall 14 has a series of holes 15 aligned with the nozzles 12.
  • the burner 9 also includes a pair of flame-distribution screens 16 symmetrical with each other.
  • Each screen 16 includes a portion 17 parallel to the portion 17 of the other screen 16 and a portion 18 inclined so as to space the portion 17 from the duct 11.
  • the two portions 17 are mutually spaced at a predetermined distance S, for example about 180mm.
  • the burner 9 is located with the duct 11 parallel to the walls 7 on the centre line of the section of the chamber 6.
  • the burner 9 is also oriented so that the holes 15 generate pilot flames 19 in the direction and in the sense of the arrows C.
  • the fuel constituted by the poor gas for example that produced by a blast furnace, is supplied to the combustion chamber 6 through a pair of distributor casings 21 fixed to the two walls 7 of the chamber 6.
  • Each casing 21 is supplied through four inlet tubes 22 perpendicular to the duct 11 and communicates with the chamber 6 through a series of through-apertures 23.
  • These are preferably rectangular or square in shape, equidistant from each other and disposed at a height corresponding to the pilot flame 19 so that the flow of poor gas is supplied in a direction P transverse the direction of supply C of the combustion support gas.
  • a respective fixed fin 26 is fixed to the lower edge 24 of each aperture 23 and extends into the chamber 6. Moreover there is a common bar 28 in correspondence with the upper edges 27 of the apertures 23. Hence the fins 26 are disposed on those edges 24 of the apertures 23 which are upstream with respect to the direction C of flow of the combustion-support gas while the bar 28 is disposed on the downstream edges 27.
  • the two series of fins 26 enable the poor combustible gas to mix effectively with the combustion-support gas before it reaches the flame 19. Moreover, together with the two bars 28, they promote the penetration of the combustion-support gas to the pilot flame 19 which is obtained with the same combustion-support gas as that used to burn the poor gas, that is with the exhaust gas from the turbine.
  • the size of the chamber 6 and the dimensions of the apertures 23, the fins 26 and the bars 28 are selected according to the characteristics of the gases in the two flows.
  • a distance D between each wall 7 and the corresponding vertical portion 17 of the screen 16 of between 3 and 5 times the height A of the apertures 23 may, to advantage, be chosen.
  • the length L of the fixed fins 26 may in turn, to advantage, be between 0.3 and 0.6 times the distance D, while the width T of the bar 28 may be between 0.15 and 0.5 times the length L of the fins 26. Consequently, the width T may be between 1/15 and 1/5 of the distance D.
  • the system no longer needs the pilot flame 19 to support the combustion of the poor gas.
  • the supply of coke plant gas may then be stopped automatically in any known manner, either in dependence on the temperature reached or when a predetermined period of time has lapsed after the ignition.
  • each aperture 23 has an associated series of auxiliary fins 29 which are normally in an inactive position such as that shown by the broken lines in Figure 3. These are moved into their active positions shown in Figures 3 to 5 when, for any reason, the flow of exhaust gases from the turbine stops and it is wished to replace the combustion-support gas with ambient air containing 21% oxygen. This air is generally at ambient temperature but if the mixture of combustible gas had too low a calorific value, it could be pre-heated to increase the efficiency of the combustion process.
  • the auxiliary fins 29 are moved by a corresponding bar 31 which is rotatable on at least two supports 32 carried by two pillars 33 fixed to each wall 7.
  • the bar 31 is also rotatable on two other supports carried by the walls 8.
  • the auxiliary fins 29 have the same spacing and substantially the same width as the corresponding series of fixed fins 26 while their length may, to advantage, be between 0.8 and 1.2 times the length L of the fixed fins 26.
  • each bar 31 projects from the front wall 8 and is fixed to a handgrip 34 which is manually operable to rotate the bar 31 so as to dispose the auxiliary fins 29 of the corresponding series substantially coplanar with the fixed fins 26.
  • a handgrip 34 which is manually operable to rotate the bar 31 so as to dispose the auxiliary fins 29 of the corresponding series substantially coplanar with the fixed fins 26.
  • the combustion apparatus achieves a method of combustion including at least the following operations: the supply of a flow of combustion-support gas into the combustion chamber 6 in a predetermined direction and sense C; the lighting of a pilot flame 19 in the chamber 6 at least in a preliminary ignition phase, the pilot flame 19 being directed in the direction and sense C; and the supply of a flow of poor gas into the chamber 6 towards the pilot flame 19 in a direction substantially transverse the direction C.
  • the pilot flame 19 may be directed horizontally and the poor gas may be supplied upwardly with respect to the pilot flame 19.
  • the burner 9 may be replaced by another type of burner.
  • the fins 26 and/or 29 may be replaced by other means for creating turbulence and hence mixing the two gas flows, and the dimensions given are entirely exemplary and must not be understood in any limiting sense.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
EP19930104344 1992-03-18 1993-03-17 Method and apparatus for burning poor gases Withdrawn EP0561376A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO920229A IT1259347B (it) 1992-03-18 1992-03-18 Metodo per ottenere la combustione di gas poveri mediante un gas comburente e relativo dispositivo di combustione
ITTO920229 1992-03-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0561376A2 true EP0561376A2 (de) 1993-09-22
EP0561376A3 EP0561376A3 (en) 1993-10-27

Family

ID=11410234

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19930104344 Withdrawn EP0561376A3 (en) 1992-03-18 1993-03-17 Method and apparatus for burning poor gases

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0561376A3 (de)
IT (1) IT1259347B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1267121A1 (de) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-18 Forney Corporation Diffusor für einen Kanalbrenner
US20150000343A1 (en) * 2012-02-08 2015-01-01 Saint-Gobain Isover Submerged burner with multiple injectors
US20210108795A1 (en) * 2014-08-26 2021-04-15 John Zink Company, Llc Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE711023C (de) * 1937-05-25 1941-09-25 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Akt G Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen des bei Generatorgaserzeugungsanlagen anfallenden UEberschussgases und der Abgase der mit dem Generatorgas betriebenen Gasmotoren
US2920689A (en) * 1952-05-15 1960-01-12 American Radiator & Standard Method of combustion for low-grade fuel and apparatus therefor
US3244220A (en) * 1964-01-22 1966-04-05 Erie City Iron Works Furnace for low and high heat value fuels
GB1206455A (en) * 1967-12-04 1970-09-23 Exxon Research Engineering Co Process and apparatus for the utilization of low heat value gaseous fuels
US3649211A (en) * 1970-02-05 1972-03-14 Coen Co Air augmented duct burner
US3841828A (en) * 1972-02-08 1974-10-15 Liberty Ind Inc Exhaust gas treatment system
US4154567A (en) * 1977-01-07 1979-05-15 Continental Carbon Company Method and apparatus for the combustion of waste gases
EP0053454A2 (de) * 1980-12-03 1982-06-09 Maxon Corporation Brenner ohne Vormischung mit langgestreckter Form
EP0498516A2 (de) * 1991-02-06 1992-08-12 Maxon Corporation Stabbrenneranlage

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE711023C (de) * 1937-05-25 1941-09-25 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Akt G Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen des bei Generatorgaserzeugungsanlagen anfallenden UEberschussgases und der Abgase der mit dem Generatorgas betriebenen Gasmotoren
US2920689A (en) * 1952-05-15 1960-01-12 American Radiator & Standard Method of combustion for low-grade fuel and apparatus therefor
US3244220A (en) * 1964-01-22 1966-04-05 Erie City Iron Works Furnace for low and high heat value fuels
GB1206455A (en) * 1967-12-04 1970-09-23 Exxon Research Engineering Co Process and apparatus for the utilization of low heat value gaseous fuels
US3649211A (en) * 1970-02-05 1972-03-14 Coen Co Air augmented duct burner
US3841828A (en) * 1972-02-08 1974-10-15 Liberty Ind Inc Exhaust gas treatment system
US4154567A (en) * 1977-01-07 1979-05-15 Continental Carbon Company Method and apparatus for the combustion of waste gases
EP0053454A2 (de) * 1980-12-03 1982-06-09 Maxon Corporation Brenner ohne Vormischung mit langgestreckter Form
EP0498516A2 (de) * 1991-02-06 1992-08-12 Maxon Corporation Stabbrenneranlage

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1267121A1 (de) * 2001-06-12 2002-12-18 Forney Corporation Diffusor für einen Kanalbrenner
US20150000343A1 (en) * 2012-02-08 2015-01-01 Saint-Gobain Isover Submerged burner with multiple injectors
US9587825B2 (en) * 2012-02-08 2017-03-07 Saint-Gobain Isover Submerged burner with multiple injectors
US20210108795A1 (en) * 2014-08-26 2021-04-15 John Zink Company, Llc Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner
US11852335B2 (en) * 2014-08-26 2023-12-26 John Zink Company, Llc Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO920229A1 (it) 1993-09-18
IT1259347B (it) 1996-03-12
EP0561376A3 (en) 1993-10-27
ITTO920229A0 (it) 1992-03-18

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