EP0561085A1 - Hollow charge for perforating an armour which is protected by a reactive pre-armour - Google Patents

Hollow charge for perforating an armour which is protected by a reactive pre-armour Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0561085A1
EP0561085A1 EP92400750A EP92400750A EP0561085A1 EP 0561085 A1 EP0561085 A1 EP 0561085A1 EP 92400750 A EP92400750 A EP 92400750A EP 92400750 A EP92400750 A EP 92400750A EP 0561085 A1 EP0561085 A1 EP 0561085A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
cavity
preload
wave
main
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EP92400750A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0561085B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Cauchetier
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TDA Armements SAS
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Thomson Brandt Armements SA
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Priority to DE1992625579 priority Critical patent/DE69225579T2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is an explosive device with a hollow charge intended for the perforation of a shield protected by an active pre-armor.
  • a hollow charge consists essentially of an explosive charge of revolution in which an open cavity has been provided, covered with a metallic coating, and of an initiating device also having a symmetry of revolution.
  • the metallic coating of the cavity projects onto the axis of revolution of the charge; this results on the one hand from a metal jet, which moves at very high speed on this axis, and, on the other hand, a metallic core animated with a lower speed on this same axis, in the same direction or opposite to the previous roll.
  • an active shield is usually designated by active screening, placed in front of a traditional shield, then called main shield; this auxiliary armor consists of two plates generally of steel (a few millimeters thick) between which is sandwiched a relatively thin layer of explosive.
  • the small multilayer pre-shield that is to say comprise a plurality of such sandwiches.
  • the purpose of pre-armor is that, upon impact of a projectile, the head of the latter initiates the layer of explosive by penetrating it. The explosion then projects the steel plates towards the projectile, disturbing the latter and reducing its effectiveness.
  • the steel plates of the pre-armor disturb the jet of the hollow charge to the point of generally making it lose most of its perforating power. against the main armor.
  • Such active armor plating is frequently used for the protection of armored vehicles, such as battle tanks.
  • the problem for manufacturers of anti-tank ammunition is therefore as follows: to pierce the main armor, it is preferable to use a hollow charge whose very great piercing power is capable of piercing the main armor which is generally very thick, but, as mentioned above, the shaped charges are particularly vulnerable to the action of active pre-armor.
  • a first solution consists in greatly increasing the nominal perforating power of the hollow charge so that its residual perforating power (after disturbance by the pre-shielding) is sufficient. This process is simple but very expensive in calibrating the shaped charge.
  • a wave shaper also called a screen
  • the function of which is to deflect the detonation wave and make it toric.
  • the shape of the screen is determined in order to that the detonation wave is deflected without substantial loss of power, and in order to obtain the desired angle of incidence of this wave on the lining of the cavity.
  • the object of the present invention is to reduce the longitudinal dimensions of an explosive device with a hollow charge, of the type comprising a main charge with a wave former and a preload for piercing an active pre-armor.
  • the preload is a hollow charge placed at the top of the main hollow charge and separated from the latter by wave transmitting means, preferably constituted by a third hollow charge arranged in reverse, the preload further ensuring the function waveform for the main load.
  • the subject of the invention is an explosive device with a hollow charge as defined by claim 1.
  • an explosive device comprising an explosive charge 4 contained in an envelope 1 and in which an open cavity has been formed comprising three parts, marked successively 10, 20 and 30 from the explosive charge towards the opening; the cavity is covered with a layer marked, in the same way successively 13, 23 and 33.
  • a priming device 5 is arranged, comprising for example a detonator 51 and an initiation charge 52, initiated by the detonator 51 and having the function of transmitting the detonation to the load 4.
  • the assembly has a symmetry of revolution about a longitudinal axis XX.
  • the detonator When the detonator goes into action, it creates a detonation wave, via the initiation charge 52, in the explosive charge 4.
  • the detonation wave propagates in the preload part (I) of the device, causing the formation, from the coating 13, d '' a very fast jet and a slower nucleus, propagating on the XX axis.
  • the jet is intended to perforate an active pre-armor without initiating it.
  • Perforation without initiation is obtained by limiting the energy transmitted by the jet to the explosive of the pre-shielding per unit area, the energy of the jet being in particular a function of the nature of the coating, its mass and the speed of the jet.
  • a sparse material is used for the coating, for example a plastic material of nylon type with, for the hollow charge parameters such that they give the jet a relatively high speed, so that there is no no risk of collision between the preload jet and that of the main charge.
  • the detonation wave arriving at the base 11 of the coating 13 is in the same way as a wave having bypassed a conventional wave shaper whose preload I therefore fulfills the function.
  • the wave transmitter II is intended to conduct the detonation wave to the top 32 of the main charge III.
  • This transmitter functions as a hollow charge but the initiation of which is opposite, that is to say that it is carried out from its base 21. It therefore forms, from the coating 23, a jet propagating on the axis XX towards the rear of the device, jet which is lost, and a core having the effect of closing the apex 32 of the main hollow charge III.
  • the coating 23 is not essential; in fact, closing the top 32 is not itself essential in principle for the operation of the main load; However, it has the advantage of opposing the passage of the core of the preload I which, for its part, would be likely to disturb the formation of the jet of the main charge.
  • the coating 23 can be made of a metallic material, for example mild steel or copper.
  • the cavity 20 of the wave transmitter has been shown as frustoconical but that its shape may be other: tulip or trumpet for example; it can also have a greater or lesser apex angle, up to the cylindrical shape the angle depending on the diameters chosen for the base 11 of the preload and the apex 32 of the main load.
  • the detonation wave then reaches the main hollow charge III, which then functions as a hollow charge provided with a wave shaper.
  • the coating 33 can be, conventionally, metallic, for example of copper.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is a hollow-charge explosive device of the type comprising a main wave-shaper charge and a precharge for piercing an active pre-armour. The precharge (I) consists of a hollow charge located at the top of the main hollow charge (III) and separated from the latter by wave-transmitting means (II) consisting of a third hollow charge arranged inverted, the precharge moreover performing the function of a wave shaper for the main hollow charge. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif explosif à charge creuse destiné à la perforation d'un blindage protégé par un préblindage actif.The subject of the present invention is an explosive device with a hollow charge intended for the perforation of a shield protected by an active pre-armor.

On rappelle qu'une charge creuse est constituée essentiellement d'un chargement explosif de révolution dans lequel on a ménagé une cavité ouverte, recouverte d'un revêtement métallique, et d'un dispositif d'amorçage ayant également une symétrie de révolution. Lors de la détonation provoquée par le dispositif d'amorçage le revêtement métallique de la cavité se projette sur l'axe de révolution de la charge ; il en résulte d'une part un jet de métal, qui se déplace à très grande vitesse sur cet axe, et, d'autre part, un noyau métallique animé d'une vitesse plus faible sur ce même axe, dans le même sens ou en sens opposé au jet précédent.It will be recalled that a hollow charge consists essentially of an explosive charge of revolution in which an open cavity has been provided, covered with a metallic coating, and of an initiating device also having a symmetry of revolution. During the detonation caused by the initiating device, the metallic coating of the cavity projects onto the axis of revolution of the charge; this results on the one hand from a metal jet, which moves at very high speed on this axis, and, on the other hand, a metallic core animated with a lower speed on this same axis, in the same direction or opposite to the previous roll.

On rappelle par ailleurs qu'on désigne habituellement par préblindage actif un blindage auxiliaire, disposé devant un blindage traditionnel, alors appelé blindage principal ; ce blindage auxiliaire est constitué de deux plaques en général d'acier (de quelques millimètres d'épaisseur) entre lesquelles est prise en sandwich une couche d'explosif relativement mince. Le préblindage petit être multicouche, c'est-a-dire comporter une pluralité de tels sandwiches. Le but du préblindage est que, lors de l'impact d'un projectile, la tête de ce dernier amorce la couche d'explosif en la pénétrant. L'explosion projette alors les plaques d'acier vers le projectile, perturbant ce dernier et diminuant son efficacité. En particulier dans le cas d'un projectile à charge creuse les plaques d'acier du préblindage perturbent le jet de la charge creuse au point de lui faire perdre en général la majeure partie de son pouvoir perforant contre le blindage principal.It will also be recalled that an active shield is usually designated by active screening, placed in front of a traditional shield, then called main shield; this auxiliary armor consists of two plates generally of steel (a few millimeters thick) between which is sandwiched a relatively thin layer of explosive. The small multilayer pre-shield, that is to say comprise a plurality of such sandwiches. The purpose of pre-armor is that, upon impact of a projectile, the head of the latter initiates the layer of explosive by penetrating it. The explosion then projects the steel plates towards the projectile, disturbing the latter and reducing its effectiveness. In particular in the case of a projectile with a hollow charge, the steel plates of the pre-armor disturb the jet of the hollow charge to the point of generally making it lose most of its perforating power. against the main armor.

De tels préblindages actifs sont utilisés fréquemment pour la protection des véhicules blindés, tels que les chars de combat.Such active armor plating is frequently used for the protection of armored vehicles, such as battle tanks.

Le problème qui se pose aux constructeurs de munitions anti-chars est alors le suivant : pour percer le blindage principal, il est préférable d'utiliser une charge creuse dont le pouvoir perforant, très grand est susceptible de percer le blindage principal qui est en général très épais, mais, comme on l'a dit ci-dessus, les charges creuses sont particulièrement vulnérables à l'action des pré-blindages actifs.The problem for manufacturers of anti-tank ammunition is therefore as follows: to pierce the main armor, it is preferable to use a hollow charge whose very great piercing power is capable of piercing the main armor which is generally very thick, but, as mentioned above, the shaped charges are particularly vulnerable to the action of active pre-armor.

Pour résoudre ce problème différentes solutions sont connues.To solve this problem, various solutions are known.

Une première solution consiste à augmenter très fortement le pouvoir perforant nominal de la charge creuse afin que son pouvoir perforant résiduel (après perturbation par le pré-blindage) soit suffisant. Ce procédé est simple mais très coûteux en calibre de la charge creuse.A first solution consists in greatly increasing the nominal perforating power of the hollow charge so that its residual perforating power (after disturbance by the pre-shielding) is sufficient. This process is simple but very expensive in calibrating the shaped charge.

Une seconde solution consiste à mettre en oeuvre des charges creuses à deux étages (souvent appelées charges tandem). La charge fonctionnant en premier, ou précharge a pour fonction de neutraliser le préblindage :

  • soit en l'initiant suffisamment tôt avant la mise en oeuvre de la deuxième charge ou charge principale, permettant ainsi l'évacuation des plaques du préblindage avant l'arrivée du jet de la charge principale ;
  • soit en le perforant sans l'initier.
A second solution consists in using two-stage shaped charges (often called tandem charges). The first operating charge, or preload, has the function of neutralizing the pre-shielding:
  • either by initiating it sufficiently early before the implementation of the second charge or main charge, thus allowing the evacuation of the pre-armor plates before the arrival of the jet of the main charge;
  • either by perforating it without initiating it.

Dans le premier cas l'ajustage du procédé est difficile, notamment en ce qui concerne le délai qui doit séparer le fonctionnement des deux charges et son emploi complique la structuration des munitions, notamment celles qui, destinées à être lancées par des canons, doivent subir de très fortes accélérations. Une solution correspondant au deuxième cas est notamment décrite dans la demande de brevet français n° 2 583 156, qui prévoit des moyens d'atténuation de l'effet de la précharge. Cette réalisation, comme la précédente, présente l'inconvénient d'augmenter l'encombrement du dispositif explosif.In the first case the adjustment of the process is difficult, in particular with regard to the time which must separate the operation of the two charges and its use complicates the structuring of the munitions, in particular those which, intended to be launched by cannons, must undergo very strong accelerations. A solution corresponding to the second case is described in particular in French patent application No. 2,583,156, which provides means for mitigating the effect of preload. This embodiment, like the previous one, has the drawback of increasing the size of the explosive device.

Par ailleurs, afin d'améliorer les performances d'une charge creuse il est connu de disposer, entre le détonateur du dispositif d'amorçage et le chargement explosif, un conformateur d'onde, également appelé écran, dont la fonction est de dévier l'onde de détonation et la rendre torique. Cela permet, en faisant varier la forme de l'onde et de la cavité, d'augmenter la vitesse du jet perforant produit par la charge creuse, le rendement détonique de la charge etc... La forme de l'écran est déterminée afin que l'onde de détonation soit déviée sans perte substantielle de puissance, et afin d'obtenir l'angle d'incidence voulu de cette onde sur le revêtement de la cavité. Cela conduit à des écrans encombrants occupant une longueur qui peut être par exemple de l'ordre du tiers ou du quart de la longueur du chargement explosif, se traduisant encore par une augmentation de l'encombrement de la charge creuse et par la suite d'une diminution de son efficacité.Furthermore, in order to improve the performance of a hollow charge, it is known to have, between the detonator of the initiation device and the explosive charge, a wave shaper, also called a screen, the function of which is to deflect the detonation wave and make it toric. This makes it possible, by varying the shape of the wave and of the cavity, to increase the speed of the perforating jet produced by the hollow charge, the detonating efficiency of the charge, etc. The shape of the screen is determined in order to that the detonation wave is deflected without substantial loss of power, and in order to obtain the desired angle of incidence of this wave on the lining of the cavity. This leads to bulky screens occupying a length which can be, for example, of the order of a third or a quarter of the length of the explosive charge, further resulting in an increase in the size of the hollow charge and subsequently a decrease in its effectiveness.

La présente invention a pour objet la diminution de l'encombrement longitudinal d'un dispositif explosif à charge creuse, du type comportant une charge principale à conformateur d'onde et une précharge pour le perçage d'un préblindage actif.The object of the present invention is to reduce the longitudinal dimensions of an explosive device with a hollow charge, of the type comprising a main charge with a wave former and a preload for piercing an active pre-armor.

A cet effet, la précharge est une charge creuse disposée au sommet de la charge creuse principale et séparée de cette dernière par des moyens transmetteurs d'onde, constitués de préférence par une troisième charge creuse disposée en inverse, la précharge assurant en outre la fonction de conformateur d'onde pour la charge principale.To this end, the preload is a hollow charge placed at the top of the main hollow charge and separated from the latter by wave transmitting means, preferably constituted by a third hollow charge arranged in reverse, the preload further ensuring the function waveform for the main load.

Plus précisément, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif explosif à charge creuse tel que défini par la revendication 1.More specifically, the subject of the invention is an explosive device with a hollow charge as defined by claim 1.

D'autres objets, particularités et résultats de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante, donnée à titre d'exemple et illustrée par la figure unique annexée, qui représente une vue en coupe schématique d'un mode de réalisation du dispositif explosif à charge creuse selon l'invention.Other objects, features and results of the invention will emerge from the following description, given by way of example and illustrated by the single appended figure, which represents a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the charge explosive device digs according the invention.

Sur la figure, on a représenté un dispositif explosif comportant un chargement explosif 4 contenu dans une enveloppe 1 et dans lequel on a ménagé une cavité ouverte comportant trois parties, repérées successivement 10, 20 et 30 du chargement explosif vers l'ouverture ; la cavité est recouverte d'une couche repérée, de la même manière successivement 13, 23 et 33. A l'extrémité arrière de l'enveloppe qui est opposée à l'ouverture de la cavité, est disposé un dispositif d'amorçage 5, comportant par exemple un détonateur 51 et une charge d'initiation 52, amorcée par le détonateur 51 et ayant pour fonction de transmettre la détonation au chargement 4. L'ensemble possède une symétrie de révolution autour d'un axe longitudinal XX.In the figure, an explosive device is shown comprising an explosive charge 4 contained in an envelope 1 and in which an open cavity has been formed comprising three parts, marked successively 10, 20 and 30 from the explosive charge towards the opening; the cavity is covered with a layer marked, in the same way successively 13, 23 and 33. At the rear end of the envelope which is opposite to the opening of the cavity, a priming device 5 is arranged, comprising for example a detonator 51 and an initiation charge 52, initiated by the detonator 51 and having the function of transmitting the detonation to the load 4. The assembly has a symmetry of revolution about a longitudinal axis XX.

Le dispositif comporte donc trois parties, à savoir, en partant de l'arrière du dispositif :

  • une partie I, formant la précharge d'une charge du type tandem décrit plus haut. Cette précharge est une charge creuse formée par la cavité 10 ouverte vers l'avant, par exemple sensiblement de forme conique la partie 13 du revêtement et la partie du chargement explosif 4 l'entourant;
  • une seconde partie II formant transmetteur d'onde, formée de la cavité 20 qui est ouverte des deux côtés mais plus ouverte vers l'arrière que vers l'avant du dispositif (par exemple sensiblement de forme tronconique), de la partie de revêtement 23 et du chargement explosif situé autour ;
  • une partie III formant la charge principale de la charge tandem ; elle est constituée par une charge creuse formée par la cavité 30, ouverte vers l'avant et non complètement fermée à son sommet (par exemple sensiblement en forme de cône, de trompette ou de tulipe) la partie de revêtement 33 et la partie de revêtement explosif 4 l'entourant.
The device therefore has three parts, namely, starting from the rear of the device:
  • a part I, forming the preload of a tandem type load described above. This preload is a hollow charge formed by the cavity 10 open towards the front, for example substantially of conical shape, the part 13 of the coating and the part of the explosive charge 4 surrounding it;
  • a second part II forming a wave transmitter, formed by the cavity 20 which is open on both sides but more open towards the rear than towards the front of the device (for example substantially of frustoconical shape), of the covering part 23 and the explosive charge around it;
  • a part III forming the main load of the tandem load; it is constituted by a hollow charge formed by the cavity 30, open towards the front and not completely closed at its top (for example substantially in the shape of a cone, trumpet or tulip) the covering part 33 and the covering part explosive 4 surrounding it.

Lorsque le détonateur entre en action,il crée une onde de détonation, par l'intermédiaire de la charge d'initiation 52, dans le chargement explosif 4. L'onde de détonation se propage dans la partie précharge (I) du dispositif, provoquant la formation, à partir du revêtement 13, d'un jet très rapide et d'un noyau plus lent, se propageant sur l'axe XX. Ainsi qu'il est dit plus haut, le jet est destiné à perforer un préblindage actif sans l'initier.When the detonator goes into action, it creates a detonation wave, via the initiation charge 52, in the explosive charge 4. The detonation wave propagates in the preload part (I) of the device, causing the formation, from the coating 13, d '' a very fast jet and a slower nucleus, propagating on the XX axis. As mentioned above, the jet is intended to perforate an active pre-armor without initiating it.

La perforation sans initiation est obtenue en limitant l'énergie transmise par le jet à l'explosif du préblindage par unité de surface, l'énergie du jet étant notamment fonction de la nature du revêtement, de sa masse et de la vitesse du jet. A cet effet, on utilise pour le revêtement un matériau peu dense, par exemple un matériau plastique de type Nylon avec, pour la charge creuse des paramètres tels qu'ils confèrent au jet une vitesse relativement élevée, afin qu'il n'y ait pas de risque de collision entre le jet de la précharge et celui de la charge principale.Perforation without initiation is obtained by limiting the energy transmitted by the jet to the explosive of the pre-shielding per unit area, the energy of the jet being in particular a function of the nature of the coating, its mass and the speed of the jet. For this purpose, a sparse material is used for the coating, for example a plastic material of nylon type with, for the hollow charge parameters such that they give the jet a relatively high speed, so that there is no no risk of collision between the preload jet and that of the main charge.

L'onde de détonation arrivant à la base 11 du revêtement 13 se présente de la même façon qu'une onde ayant contourné un conformateur d'onde classique dont la précharge I remplit donc la fonction.The detonation wave arriving at the base 11 of the coating 13 is in the same way as a wave having bypassed a conventional wave shaper whose preload I therefore fulfills the function.

Le transmetteur d'onde II est destiné à conduire l'onde de détonation jusqu'au sommet 32 de la charge principale III. Ce transmetteur fonctionne comme une charge creuse mais dont l'amorçage est inverse, c'est-à-dire qu'il s'effectue à partir de sa base 21. Il se forme donc, à partir du revêtement 23, un jet se propageant sur l'axe XX vers l'arrière du dispositif, jet qui est perdu, et un noyau ayant pour effet de fermer le sommet 32 de la charge creuse principale III. Il est à noter que le revêtement 23 n'est pas indispensable ; en effet, la fermeture du sommet 32 n'est elle-même pas indispensable en principe pour le fonctionnement de la charge principale ; elle a toutefois pour avantage de s'opposer au passage du noyau de la précharge I qui, lui, serait susceptible de perturber la formation du jet de la charge principale. A cet effet, le revêtement 23 peut être réalisé en un matériau métallique, par exemple acier doux ou cuivre. Il est à noter également que la cavité 20 du transmetteur d'onde a été représentée tronconique mais que sa forme peut être autre : tulipe ou trompette par exemple ; il peut également avoir un angle au sommet plus ou moins grand, jusqu'à la forme cylindrique l'angle étant fonction des diamètres choisis pour la base 11 de la précharge et le sommet 32 de la charge principale.The wave transmitter II is intended to conduct the detonation wave to the top 32 of the main charge III. This transmitter functions as a hollow charge but the initiation of which is opposite, that is to say that it is carried out from its base 21. It therefore forms, from the coating 23, a jet propagating on the axis XX towards the rear of the device, jet which is lost, and a core having the effect of closing the apex 32 of the main hollow charge III. It should be noted that the coating 23 is not essential; in fact, closing the top 32 is not itself essential in principle for the operation of the main load; However, it has the advantage of opposing the passage of the core of the preload I which, for its part, would be likely to disturb the formation of the jet of the main charge. To this end, the coating 23 can be made of a metallic material, for example mild steel or copper. It should also be noted that the cavity 20 of the wave transmitter has been shown as frustoconical but that its shape may be other: tulip or trumpet for example; it can also have a greater or lesser apex angle, up to the cylindrical shape the angle depending on the diameters chosen for the base 11 of the preload and the apex 32 of the main load.

L'onde de détonation atteint ensuite la charge creuse principale III, qui fonctionne alors comme une charge creuse munie d'un conformateur d'onde. Le revêtement 33 peut être, classiquement, métallique, en cuivre par exemple.The detonation wave then reaches the main hollow charge III, which then functions as a hollow charge provided with a wave shaper. The coating 33 can be, conventionally, metallic, for example of copper.

Le dispositif explosif décrit ci-dessus présente donc les avantages d'une structure de type tandem et d'une charge creuse comportant un conformateur d'onde le tout sous un encombrement réduit. Par ailleurs le fait que la précharge perce, dans l'amorcer, un préblindage actif permet de ne pas avoir à retarder le fonctionnement de la charge principale. Le dispositif selon l'invention présente en outre les avantages suivants :

  • suppression des éventuels écrans intercharge, puisqu'ici le chargement explosif 4 est unique ;
  • suppression du dispositif d'amorçage de la précharge : selon l'invention, un seul dispositif (5) assure l'amorçage de l'ensemble ;
  • suppression des risques de destruction de la charge principale avant son fonctionnement : en effet, selon l'invention, il n'y a pas de rétroprojection possible de la précharge vers la charge principale ;
  • grand calibre de la précharge (égal à celui de la charge principale) ;
  • réduction de l'influence de l'angle de dérapage de la munition à l'impact par réduction du délai de fonctionnement global.
The explosive device described above therefore has the advantages of a tandem type structure and of a hollow charge comprising a wave shaper, all in a small footprint. Furthermore, the fact that the preload pierces, in initiating it, an active pre-shielding makes it possible not to have to delay the operation of the main charge. The device according to the invention also has the following advantages:
  • deletion of any intercharge screens, since here the explosive charge 4 is unique;
  • elimination of the preload initiating device: according to the invention, a single device (5) ensures the priming of the assembly;
  • elimination of the risks of destruction of the main load before its operation: in fact, according to the invention, there is no possible rear projection of the preload to the main load;
  • large preload rating (equal to that of the main load);
  • reduction of the influence of the ammunition skid angle on impact by reduction of the overall operating time.

Claims (9)

Dispositif explosif à charge creuse comportant, disposés dans une enveloppe (1) : - un chargement explosif (4), de révolution autour d'un axe longitudinal (XX), une cavité ouverte étant ménagée dans le chargement ; - des moyens d'amorçage (5) du chargement explosif ; le dispositif étant caractérisé par le fait que la cavité est formée de trois parties, successivement : - une partie (III) recouverte d'une couche formant revêtement, disposée sur la surface de la cavité cette partie formant, avec la partie du chargement explosif correspondant, une charge principale ; - une partie (I) recouverte d une couche formant revêtement, disposée sur la surface de la cavité, cette partie formant, avec la partie du chargement explosif correspondant, une précharge, située du côté des moyens d'amorçage ; - une partie (II) formant, avec la partie du chargement explosif correspondant, un transmetteur d'onde, disposé entre les deux parties précédentes, la partie précharge étant amorcée ainsi la première et assurant en outre la fonction de conformateur d'onde pour la partie charge principale, et la partie transmetteur d'onde assurant la transmission de l'onde de détonation de la partie précharge à la partie charge principale. Explosive device with hollow charge comprising, placed in an envelope (1): - an explosive charge (4), of revolution about a longitudinal axis (XX), an open cavity being formed in the charge; - means for initiating (5) the explosive charge; the device being characterized by the fact that the cavity is formed of three parts, successively: - A part (III) covered with a coating layer, arranged on the surface of the cavity, this part forming, with the part of the corresponding explosive charge, a main charge; - A part (I) covered with a coating layer, disposed on the surface of the cavity, this part forming, with the part of the corresponding explosive charge, a preload, located on the side of the priming means; a part (II) forming, with the part of the corresponding explosive charge, a wave transmitter, disposed between the two preceding parts, the preload part being thus initiated first and also ensuring the function of wave shaper for the main charge part, and the wave transmitter part ensuring the transmission of the detonation wave from the preload part to the main charge part. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement (33) de la partie charge principale (III) est métallique.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating (33) of the main load part (III) is metallic. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement (13) de la partie précharge (I) est un matériau à faible densité.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating (13) of the preload part (I) is a low density material. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que le matériau à faible densité est un matériau plastique.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the low density material is a plastic material. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la cavité de la partie transmetteur d'onde (II) est recouverte d'une couche (23) formant revêtement.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity of the wave transmitter part (II) is covered with a layer (23) forming a coating. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le revêtement (23) de la partie transmetteur d'onde (II) est métallique.Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the coating (23) of the wave transmitter part (II) is metallic. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la cavité de la partie précharge est de forme sensiblement conique, le sommet du cône étant disposé du côté des moyens d'amorçage (5).Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity of the preload part is of substantially conical shape, the top of the cone being arranged on the side of the priming means (5). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la cavité du transmetteur d'onde (II) est de forme sensiblement tronconique, le sommet du cône correspondant étant disposé du côté opposé aux moyens d'amorçage (5).Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity of the wave transmitter (II) is of substantially frustoconical shape, the apex of the corresponding cone being disposed on the side opposite to the priming means (5). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que la cavité de la partie charge principale (III) est sensiblement en forme de cône ou de trompette ou de tulipe, ouverte du côté opposé aux moyens d'amorçage (5).Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity of the main load part (III) is substantially in the shape of a cone or trumpet or tulip, open on the side opposite to the priming means (5).
EP92400750A 1988-11-15 1992-03-20 Method using a hollow charge for perforating an armour which is protected by a reactive pre-armour Expired - Lifetime EP0561085B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1992625579 DE69225579T2 (en) 1992-03-20 1992-03-20 Method of using a shaped charge to penetrate an armor plate provided with reactive pre-armor

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR888814798A FR2671618B1 (en) 1988-11-15 1988-11-15 HOLLOW-CHARGED EXPLOSIVE DEVICE FOR PERFORATING AN ARMOR PROTECTED BY AN ACTIVE PRE-ARMOR.
US08/095,687 US5394804A (en) 1988-11-15 1993-07-21 Explosive device with a hollow charge, designed for penetrating armor protected by active primary armor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0561085A1 true EP0561085A1 (en) 1993-09-22
EP0561085B1 EP0561085B1 (en) 1998-05-20

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US (1) US5394804A (en)
EP (1) EP0561085B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2671618B1 (en)

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FR2750205A1 (en) * 1996-06-21 1997-12-26 Tda Armements Sas CHARGE GENERATING CORE FORMING A LONG PROJECTILE
WO2009126087A1 (en) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-15 Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut Shaped charge and shaped charge liner for a shaped charge

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US6105505A (en) * 1998-06-17 2000-08-22 Lockheed Martin Corporation Hard target incendiary projectile
USH1930H1 (en) * 1998-07-15 2001-01-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Precursor warhead attachment for an anti-armor rocket
WO2002001140A1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2002-01-03 Alexander Maximovich Isakov Method for engaging an armoured target and device for performing said method
US6983698B1 (en) * 2003-04-24 2006-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Shaped charge explosive device and method of making same
DK1851500T3 (en) * 2005-02-23 2009-08-03 Armaments Corp Of South Africa Shaped charging device and method for damage to a target
USH2259H1 (en) 2008-11-26 2011-07-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Yield enhancing device and method of use
WO2015009312A1 (en) * 2013-07-19 2015-01-22 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Shaped-charge liner with fold around opening
CN104897012B (en) * 2015-06-23 2017-01-04 西安近代化学研究所 The powder charge of a kind of Qing Qi Shaped charge warhead
JP7500729B2 (en) * 2020-01-21 2024-06-17 サーブ エービー Shaped Charge Assembly
RU2742438C1 (en) * 2020-08-14 2021-02-05 Константин Владимирович Костенюк Ropeway carriage

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FR1273684A (en) * 1959-11-17 1961-10-13 Rheinmetall Gmbh Shaped charge, or shaped charge projectile, with inner jacket
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FR2750205A1 (en) * 1996-06-21 1997-12-26 Tda Armements Sas CHARGE GENERATING CORE FORMING A LONG PROJECTILE
EP0814314A1 (en) * 1996-06-21 1997-12-29 Tda Armements S.A.S. Long projectile forming charge
WO2009126087A1 (en) * 2008-04-08 2009-10-15 Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut Shaped charge and shaped charge liner for a shaped charge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5394804A (en) 1995-03-07
FR2671618A1 (en) 1992-07-17
FR2671618B1 (en) 1994-03-04
EP0561085B1 (en) 1998-05-20

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