EP0555309A1 - Topical composition with retinoid penetration enhancer - Google Patents

Topical composition with retinoid penetration enhancer

Info

Publication number
EP0555309A1
EP0555309A1 EP19910919145 EP91919145A EP0555309A1 EP 0555309 A1 EP0555309 A1 EP 0555309A1 EP 19910919145 EP19910919145 EP 19910919145 EP 91919145 A EP91919145 A EP 91919145A EP 0555309 A1 EP0555309 A1 EP 0555309A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
retinoid
group
active substance
topically active
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19910919145
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Benjamin Digby Smithkline Beecham Cons. Ridge
Walter Brian ''beechcroft'' Davis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beecham Group PLC
Original Assignee
Beecham Group PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB909023648A external-priority patent/GB9023648D0/en
Priority claimed from GB909023647A external-priority patent/GB9023647D0/en
Application filed by Beecham Group PLC filed Critical Beecham Group PLC
Publication of EP0555309A1 publication Critical patent/EP0555309A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
    • A61K31/565—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, estradiol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/63—Steroids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
    • A61K8/67—Vitamins
    • A61K8/671—Vitamin A; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ester of vitamin A acid, ester of retinol, retinol, retinal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q7/00—Preparations for affecting hair growth

Definitions

  • Topical composition with retinoid penetration enhancer Topical composition with retinoid penetration enhancer
  • the invention relates to a method of increasing the
  • vitamin A retinol
  • retinol and other retinoid compounds including retinoic acid
  • both retinol and retinoic acid have been used in the treatment of acne.
  • retinoic acid is described as having utility in reversing the ageing process that occurs in the skin, mediated both intrinsically as a factor of increasing age and extrinsically, for example by prolonged exposure to sunlight.
  • WO 82/02833 (BAZZANO) describes the use of retinoid compounds as
  • retinol esters a specific class of retinoid compounds, in increasing the diameter of growing hair and their use in hair-care compositions.
  • retinoid compounds in combination with other topically active materials has been disclosed.
  • BAZZANO WO 83/02558
  • WO 83/02558 describes the use of retinoid compounds in combination with the compound minoxidil which compound is marketed as a topically administrable stimulant of hair-growth.
  • the combination of a retinoid compound and minoxidil produces a 'synergistic' effect; i.e. the combination produces an effect which cannot be produced by either compound separately.
  • the 'synergism' is attributed to the different but complementary modes of action of the retinoid component and minoxidil on hair-growth.
  • Minoxidil is described as initiating and promoting vellus hair growth on the scalp and the retinoid is described as acting to sustain the growth of terminal hairs from vellus hairs on the scalp.
  • the retinoid compound in compositions according to 'Bazzano' is acting as a topically active agent per se
  • Preparations according to US 4,727,088 comprise a novel vehicle system which system delivers an active ingredient to the site of action in a form whereby bioavailability and percutaneous absorption are enhanced.
  • retinoic acid is disclosed as the active ingredient having anti-acne activity.
  • the retinoid compound is acting as a topically active agent per se rather than contributing to the vehicle system which promotes enhanced bioavailability and percutaneous absorption.
  • retinoid compounds are themselves able to enhance bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of topically active substances and hence synergise the effect of topically active substances.
  • a method of enhancing the bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of a topically active substance comprises the topical administration to the skin and/or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a penetration enhancer in the form of a retinoid compound, and a topically active substance which is other than a retinoid compound.
  • topically active substance includes materials which when applied to the skin and/or scalp give rise to a cosmetic and/or therapeutic effect.
  • topically active substance includes materials generally regarded as conferring only cosmetic benefit and also medicaments of therapeutic value. It will of course be appreciated that certain substances, for example anti-acne treatments, may confer both cosmetic and therapeutic
  • compositions suitable for use in the method of the present invention include a retinoid compound and a topically active substance which substance has inter alia utility in the treatment of bacterial, fungal and viral infections; in the treatment of skin disorders such as acne, psoriasis and dermatitis; in the treatment of the effects of skin and tissue damage such as wounds and bruising; and in arresting hair-loss and promoting hair-growth.
  • retinoid compound includes retinoic acid, in particular all trans retinoic acid and derivatives thereof including esters and amides; retinal; retinol and derivatives thereof including ethers and in particular retinol esters. It will be appreciated that the term retinoid compound also includes, where applicable, salts, for example alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts, and also solvates including hydrates.
  • esters unlike retinoic acid, show very little irritancy when applied topically, and, as referred to above, have been shown to confer the additional advantage in a hair-care product of enhancing hair-growth for example by increasing the diameter of growing hair.
  • a composition of the invention comprises at least one C 2-16 alkanoyl ester of retinol.
  • a composition of the invention comprises at least one C 2- 7 straight chain, branched chain or cyclic alkanoyl ester of retinol, for example retinyl acetate, propionate, butyrate, cyclopentanecarboxylate, pivalate, valerate, hexanoate or heptanoate; or retinyl palmitate.
  • a particularly preferred composition comprises the propanoyl or the palmitoyl ester of retinol.
  • compositions for use in the present invention optionally include a topically acceptable carrier and in particular a topically acceptable carrier which enhances the stability of a retinol ester.
  • novel compositions comprising a penetration enhancer in the form of a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester or a mixture of esters of retinol, and a topically active substance other than a retinoid compound, for topical administration.
  • a penetration enhancer in the form of a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester or a mixture of esters of retinol
  • a topically active substance other than a retinoid compound for topical administration.
  • novel compositions for topical administration according to the present invention do not include specific combinations of retinoid compounds and topically active substances which form part of the state of the art, i.e. are available to the public in any way, for example via use or by being specifically described in any printed publication.
  • any specifically identified combination for example those combinations exemplified in WO 83/02558 (Bazzano) are hereby excluded by proviso.
  • a novel composition according to the present invention which is
  • GB 1 538 227 discloses compounds of formula (I)
  • R 1 is a C 1-5 alkyl group, a C 3-6 alkenyl group, a C 3-6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenylalkyl group in which the alkyl moiety contains 1 to 3 carbon atoms and the phenyl moiety is optionally substituted;
  • R 2 is a hydroxyl group, or a group OR4 wherein R 4 is a C 2 - 7 alkanoyl group, a C 1-4 alkyl group, or an optionally substituted benzyl group; and R 3 is
  • R 2 and R 3 together with the carbon atom to which they are joined represent a
  • Optional substituents for phenyl moieties include C 1-4 alkyl, halogen and nitro.
  • R 1 is a methyl, ethyl or n- or iso-propyl group, and most preferably a methyl group.
  • R 2 is a hydroxyl group.
  • Variable R 2 suitably has the ⁇ -configuration.
  • R 3 is hydrogen or methyl, and most preferably hydrogen.
  • R 3 is hydrogen, which is the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17 ⁇ -ol-3-one .
  • compositions for use according to the present invention preferably include a topically acceptable carrier which is anhydrous or wherein the retinoid, more especially a retinol ester or mixture thereof, is dissolved in a non-aqueous phase of a multiphase system, which phases, on mixing, may be miscible, or may form an emulsion such as an oil-in-water or water-in-oil type of emulsion.
  • a topically acceptable carrier which is anhydrous or wherein the retinoid, more especially a retinol ester or mixture thereof, is dissolved in a non-aqueous phase of a multiphase system, which phases, on mixing, may be miscible, or may form an emulsion such as an oil-in-water or water-in-oil type of emulsion.
  • the stability of a retinyl ester may be enhanced by
  • incorporation into an aqueous gel such as a carbopol gel.
  • an anhydrous carrier comprises an anhydrous alcohol such as propan-2-ol or ethanol, a volatile oil such as a volatile silicone, or mixtures thereof.
  • an anhydrous alcohol such as propan-2-ol or ethanol
  • a volatile oil such as a volatile silicone, or mixtures thereof.
  • non-aqueous phase of a multiphase system comprises a
  • volatile oil such as a volatile silicone.
  • oils suitable for inclusion in the present compositions include: volatile linear iso-paraffins, acyclic dimethylpolysiloxanes for example dimethylpolysiloxane, cyclic dimethylpoly-siloxanes, mineral oils, vegetable oils, synthetic fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols, lanolin and its derivatives.
  • solvents include volatile alcohols such as ethanol and ⁇ ropan-2-ol and less-volatile alcohols such as benzyl alcohol.
  • compositions for use according to the invention should desirably include an anti-oxidant effective in preventing oxidation of the retinoid compound and consequent reduction in the activity of the composition.
  • an anti-oxidant effective in preventing oxidation of the retinoid compound and consequent reduction in the activity of the composition.
  • Some anti-oxidants are effective in this respect but themselves oxidise to give a noticeable yellowing of the products.
  • Anti-oxidants which are suitable for incorporation include butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT),
  • BHQ tert-butylhydroquinone
  • the invention includes a
  • a sequestering agent in compositions for use according to the invention, for example a metal ion chelator such as citric acid or ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
  • a sequestering agent and an anti-oxidant are both present, the sequestering agent will not normally be citric acid when the anti-oxidant is
  • composition for use in accordance with the invention includes a composition for use in accordance with the invention including a sequestering agent.
  • topically active substance is a compound of formula (I), will comprise (w/w) from 0.005 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 2.5% and more preferably 2% of a compound of formula (I) and from 0.01 to 2%, preferably 0.1 to 1.0% and more preferably 0.2% of a retinoid compound.
  • compositions will optionally include (w/w) from 0.01 to 1% and preferably 0.05 to 0.25% of an anti-oxidant; and from 0.005 to 1%, and preferably 0.008 to 0.02% of a sequestering agent.
  • a typical single-phase formulation will additionally include an anhydrous carrier comprising (w/w) from 80 to 99.5% of an anhydrous solvent or solvent mixture.
  • the terms 'liquid' and 'solution' include viscous materials such as creams, ointments and gels.
  • compositions for use in the present invention may be applied topically to the skin or scalp as appropriate in the form of lotions, ointments, creams, conditioners, gels, mousses, sprays or aerosols. It will however be appreciated that topical compositions will not be limited to the forms indicated above.
  • a composition for topical application to the skin or scalp is preferably a 'leave-on' product, and includes, as
  • conditioners appropriate, conditioners, tonics, lotions, creams, dressings, gels, spray on conditioners, aerosol conditioning sprays, mousses, post foaming hair gels, styling and
  • ingredients may be used.
  • a skin-care product compositions may be used.
  • Gels, conditioners and other hair dressings will contain ingredients conventionally used in the art, and may include emulsifiers, detergents and alcohol.
  • perfumes and dyes may also be used.
  • composition comprising a retinoid compound, more especially an ester of retinol or a mixture of esters of retinol, and a compound of formula (I), in particular
  • compositions will be formulated with
  • topically acceptable carrier materials such that the
  • retinoid component and the formula (I) component are identical to retinoid component and the formula (I) component.
  • a solution substantially saturated and preferably supersaturated in one or both components may be created in situ from a solution which is sub-saturated in one or both components by using a mixture of volatile and non-volatile solvents.
  • the volatile solvent rapidly evaporates thereby increasing the concentration of one or both components to substantially saturated and preferably super-saturated level.
  • volatile solvents include ethanol, propan-2-ol and volatile silicone fluids.
  • non-volatile solvents include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, silicone fluids and Arlasolve DM1 (dimethyl iso-sorbide).
  • substantially saturated and preferably supersaturated levels may be achieved by dissolving the active components in the first and/or second of two liquid phases and mixing them together either in situ post-application or immediately prior to use.
  • the composition of the two liquid phases and the concentrations of the active components are selected such that on admixture of the two phases the concentration of one or both active components is near to or greater than the saturated solubility in the initially formed resultant mixture.
  • a retinoid compound which is a retinyl ester will be enhanced if it is dissolved in a non- aqueous second phase.
  • a further solubilising agent will be present in that phase.
  • Suitable anti-nucleating agents include polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) .
  • the compositions of this invention should desirably include an anti-oxidant effective in preventing oxidation of the retinoid compound and consequent reduction in the activity of the composition. Some anti-oxidants are effective in this respect but themselves oxidise to give a noticeable yellowing of the products.
  • Anti-oxidants which are suitable for incorporation include butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), (2, 3-di-tert-butyl-p- cresol); butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), (2-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyanisole or 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole); butylated hydroquinone (BHQ); tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ); vitamin E acetate; ascorbyl palmitate; and Nipanox (BHA: propyl gallate: citric acid: propylene glycol; 13:13:4:70) or a misture of these.
  • a particularly suitable anti-oxidant is Nipanox. Accordingly in another of its aspects, the
  • composition in accordance with the invention includes a composition in accordance with the invention including an anti-oxidant selected from any of the above.
  • the present invention also provides a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound
  • the present invention further provides a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular
  • the present invention also provides a composition
  • a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16- dimethyl-17 ⁇ -ol-3-one for use as a hair-care product and in particular for arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth.
  • a retinoid compound in particular a retinyl ester
  • a compound of formula (I) in particular the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16- dimethyl-17 ⁇ -ol-3-one for use as a hair-care product and in particular for arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth.
  • the present invention provides a method of enhancing the bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of a topically active cosmetic substance which method comprises the topical administration to the skin and/or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a penetration enhancer, more especially a retinyl ester or a mixture of esters of retinol, and a topically active cosmetic substance which is other than a retinoid compound.
  • the present invention provides a method of enhancing the bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of a topically active therapeutic substance which method comprises the topical administration to the skin and/or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a penetration enhancer, more especially a retinyl ester or a mixture of esters of retinol, and a topically active
  • a method of treatment of conditions of the human and animal body which are responsive to topically active substances comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active cosmetic and/or therapeutic substance which is other than a retinoid compound.
  • a method of treatment of conditions of the human and animal body which are responsive to topically active substances comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active cosmetic and/or therapeutic substance which is other than a retinoid compound.
  • composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active anti-bacterial, anti-fungal or anti-viral substance.
  • a method of treatment of skin disorders in particular acne, psoriasis and dermatitis, which method comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active anti-acne, anti-psoriasis or anti-dermatitic
  • bruising which method comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active substance effective in the healing of skin and tissue damage which is other than a retinoid compound.
  • a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active substance effective in the healing of skin and tissue damage which is other than a retinoid compound.
  • a method of arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active substance effective in arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth which is other than a retinoid compound.
  • the present invention provides a method of treating skin-disorders, in particular acne, which method comprises the topical administration to the skin or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound
  • the present invention provides a method for arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth which method comprises the topical
  • a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17 ⁇ -ol-3-one.

Abstract

On décrit l'utilisation de rétinoïdes en tant que stimulateurs de pénétration percutanée, ainsi que des compositions topiques de rétinoïdes comprenant des stéroïdes d'androstène disubstitués 16,16. Ces compositions sont utiles à l'enraiement de la chute des cheveux et à la stimulation de la pousse des cheveux.The use of retinoids as stimulators of percutaneous penetration is described, as well as topical retinoid compositions comprising disubstituted androstene steroids 16,16. These compositions are useful for stemming hair loss and for stimulating hair growth.

Description

Topical composition with retinoid penetration enhancer
The invention relates to a method of increasing the
bioavailability of topically active substances by enhancing penetration of the stratum corneum, and compositions for use therein.
Studies into the properties of vitamin A (retinol) and its use as an oral therapy for a variety of dermatologic
disorders for many years have led to the use of retinol and other retinoid compounds, including retinoic acid, in topically applied skin-care products having both cosmetic and therapeutic application. For example, both retinol and retinoic acid have been used in the treatment of acne. In addition, retinoic acid is described as having utility in reversing the ageing process that occurs in the skin, mediated both intrinsically as a factor of increasing age and extrinsically, for example by prolonged exposure to sunlight.
The utility of retinoid compounds per se in hair-care preparations is also described. For example, WO 82/02833 (BAZZANO) describes the use of retinoid compounds as
stimulants of hair-growth and in prolonging the anagen phase of the hair-growth cycle.
European Patent Application No. 89301668.3 (BEECHAM)
discloses an effect of retinol esters, a specific class of retinoid compounds, in increasing the diameter of growing hair and their use in hair-care compositions.
Moreover, the use of retinoid compounds in combination with other topically active materials has been disclosed. For example, WO 83/02558 (BAZZANO) describes the use of retinoid compounds in combination with the compound minoxidil which compound is marketed as a topically administrable stimulant of hair-growth.
According to 'Bazzano', the combination of a retinoid compound and minoxidil produces a 'synergistic' effect; i.e. the combination produces an effect which cannot be produced by either compound separately.
According to 'Bazzano', the 'synergism' is attributed to the different but complementary modes of action of the retinoid component and minoxidil on hair-growth. Minoxidil is described as initiating and promoting vellus hair growth on the scalp and the retinoid is described as acting to sustain the growth of terminal hairs from vellus hairs on the scalp. Thus the retinoid compound in compositions according to 'Bazzano' is acting as a topically active agent per se
rather than enhancing the specific hair-growth properties of minoxidil. United States Patent No. 4,727,088 (NEUTROGENA) describes a topically applied pharmaceutical preparation for the
treatment of acne. Preparations according to US 4,727,088 comprise a novel vehicle system which system delivers an active ingredient to the site of action in a form whereby bioavailability and percutaneous absorption are enhanced. A retinoid compound, all-trans retinoic acid or 13-cis
retinoic acid, is disclosed as the active ingredient having anti-acne activity. Thus the retinoid compound is acting as a topically active agent per se rather than contributing to the vehicle system which promotes enhanced bioavailability and percutaneous absorption.
It has now been found that retinoid compounds are themselves able to enhance bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of topically active substances and hence synergise the effect of topically active substances.
According to the present invention there is provided a method of enhancing the bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of a topically active substance which method comprises the topical administration to the skin and/or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a penetration enhancer in the form of a retinoid compound, and a topically active substance which is other than a retinoid compound.
As used herein the term topically active substance includes materials which when applied to the skin and/or scalp give rise to a cosmetic and/or therapeutic effect. Thus the term topically active substance includes materials generally regarded as conferring only cosmetic benefit and also medicaments of therapeutic value. It will of course be appreciated that certain substances, for example anti-acne treatments, may confer both cosmetic and therapeutic
effects.
Compositions suitable for use in the method of the present invention include a retinoid compound and a topically active substance which substance has inter alia utility in the treatment of bacterial, fungal and viral infections; in the treatment of skin disorders such as acne, psoriasis and dermatitis; in the treatment of the effects of skin and tissue damage such as wounds and bruising; and in arresting hair-loss and promoting hair-growth.
As used herein, the term retinoid compound includes retinoic acid, in particular all trans retinoic acid and derivatives thereof including esters and amides; retinal; retinol and derivatives thereof including ethers and in particular retinol esters. It will be appreciated that the term retinoid compound also includes, where applicable, salts, for example alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts, and also solvates including hydrates.
A particularly preferred group of retinoid compounds
includes retinol ester compounds. These esters, unlike retinoic acid, show very little irritancy when applied topically, and, as referred to above, have been shown to confer the additional advantage in a hair-care product of enhancing hair-growth for example by increasing the diameter of growing hair.
Preferably, a composition of the invention comprises at least one C2-16 alkanoyl ester of retinol.
More preferably, a composition of the invention comprises at least one C2- 7 straight chain, branched chain or cyclic alkanoyl ester of retinol, for example retinyl acetate, propionate, butyrate, cyclopentanecarboxylate, pivalate, valerate, hexanoate or heptanoate; or retinyl palmitate.
A particularly preferred composition comprises the propanoyl or the palmitoyl ester of retinol.
The stability of retinol esters for use in topical hair-care and skin-care products may be enhanced by the selection of an appropriate carrier. Thus compositions for use in the present invention optionally include a topically acceptable carrier and in particular a topically acceptable carrier which enhances the stability of a retinol ester.
In another aspect of the invention there is provided a novel composition comprising a penetration enhancer in the form of a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester or a mixture of esters of retinol, and a topically active substance other than a retinoid compound, for topical administration. It will be appreciated that novel compositions for topical administration according to the present invention do not include specific combinations of retinoid compounds and topically active substances which form part of the state of the art, i.e. are available to the public in any way, for example via use or by being specifically described in any printed publication. Thus any specifically identified combination, for example those combinations exemplified in WO 83/02558 (Bazzano) are hereby excluded by proviso. A novel composition according to the present invention, which is provided by way of example only and is not limited thereto, comprises a retinoid compound and a compound as described in United Kingdom Patent, GB 1 538 227 (Beecham).
United Kingdom Patent, GB 1 538 227 (BEECHAM), discloses a group of 16, 16-disubstituted androstene steroid compounds having pharmaceutical activity, which particular compounds are of utility in the treatment of androgen dependent skin disorders such as acne and seborrhoea. The possible use of these compounds in the treatment of androgenic alopecia and male pattern baldness in women is proposed, but not
substantiated. It has been found that topical administration of a compound described in GB 1 538 227, in particular the compound ahdrost-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one, is effective in antagonising the influences of hormones in relation to hair-growth and skin disorders and thus has the utility in arresting hair loss, in promoting hair-growth and in the treatment of acne. GB 1 538 227 discloses compounds of formula (I)
wherein
R1 is a C1-5 alkyl group, a C3-6 alkenyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenylalkyl group in which the alkyl moiety contains 1 to 3 carbon atoms and the phenyl moiety is optionally substituted; R2 is a hydroxyl group, or a group OR4 wherein R4 is a C2 - 7 alkanoyl group, a C1-4 alkyl group, or an optionally substituted benzyl group; and R3 is
hydrogen or a C1-5 alkyl group; or R2 and R3 together with the carbon atom to which they are joined represent a
carbonyl group.
Optional substituents for phenyl moieties include C1-4 alkyl, halogen and nitro.
Preferably R1 is a methyl, ethyl or n- or iso-propyl group, and most preferably a methyl group.
Preferably R2 is a hydroxyl group. Variable R2 suitably has the β-configuration. Preferably R3 is hydrogen or methyl, and most preferably hydrogen.
Particularly favoured is the compound of formula (I) in which R1 is methyl; R2 is hydroxy and has the
β-configuration; and R3 is hydrogen, which is the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one .
Compounds of formula (I) and in particular the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one are claimed to have 5α-reductase inhibitory activity but no significant androgenic, anti-androgenic or anabolic activity. The lack of systemic side-effects renders these compounds, and especially the compound
androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one, particularly suitable for targeted delivery in a topically administered composition.
The above-mentioned antagonistic effects of compounds of formula (I) described in GB 1 538 227 and in particular the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl- 17β-ol-3-one are enhanced in accordance with the present invention by the topical co-administration of a retinoid compound.
Compositions for use according to the present invention preferably include a topically acceptable carrier which is anhydrous or wherein the retinoid, more especially a retinol ester or mixture thereof, is dissolved in a non-aqueous phase of a multiphase system, which phases, on mixing, may be miscible, or may form an emulsion such as an oil-in-water or water-in-oil type of emulsion. Alternatively, the stability of a retinyl ester may be enhanced by
incorporation into an aqueous gel such as a carbopol gel.
Suitably an anhydrous carrier comprises an anhydrous alcohol such as propan-2-ol or ethanol, a volatile oil such as a volatile silicone, or mixtures thereof. Suitably a
non-aqueous phase of a multiphase system comprises a
volatile oil such as a volatile silicone.Examples of oils suitable for inclusion in the present compositions include: volatile linear iso-paraffins, acyclic dimethylpolysiloxanes for example dimethylpolysiloxane, cyclic dimethylpoly-siloxanes, mineral oils, vegetable oils, synthetic fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols, lanolin and its derivatives. Where the topically active substance is insoluble or only very poorly soluble in water, it will be appreciated that where the topically acceptable carrier comprises an aqueous phase a further solvent will generally be present to
solubilise the topically active substance. Suitable
solvents include volatile alcohols such as ethanol and ρropan-2-ol and less-volatile alcohols such as benzyl alcohol.
Compositions for use according to the invention should desirably include an anti-oxidant effective in preventing oxidation of the retinoid compound and consequent reduction in the activity of the composition. Some anti-oxidants are effective in this respect but themselves oxidise to give a noticeable yellowing of the products.
Anti-oxidants which are suitable for incorporation include butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT),
(2,3-3i-tert-butyl-p-cresol); butylated hydroxyanisole
(BHA), (2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole or
3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole); butylated hydroquinone
(BHQ); tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ); vitamin E acetate;
ascorbyl palmitate; and Nipanox (BHA: propyl gallate: citric acid:propylene glycol; 13: 13:4 :70) or a mixture of these. A particularly suitable anti-oxidant is Nipanox. Accordingly in another of its aspects, the invention includes a
composition for use in accordance with the invention
including an anti-oxidant selected from any of the above.
It may also be desirable to include a sequestering agent in compositions for use according to the invention, for example a metal ion chelator such as citric acid or ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid. When a sequestering agent and an anti-oxidant are both present, the sequestering agent will not normally be citric acid when the anti-oxidant is
Nipanox. Accordingly in another of its aspects the
invention includes a composition for use in accordance with the invention including a sequestering agent.
A typical composition of the invention in which the
topically active substance is a compound of formula (I), will comprise (w/w) from 0.005 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 2.5% and more preferably 2% of a compound of formula (I) and from 0.01 to 2%, preferably 0.1 to 1.0% and more preferably 0.2% of a retinoid compound.
The compositions will optionally include (w/w) from 0.01 to 1% and preferably 0.05 to 0.25% of an anti-oxidant; and from 0.005 to 1%, and preferably 0.008 to 0.02% of a sequestering agent.
A typical single-phase formulation will additionally include an anhydrous carrier comprising (w/w) from 80 to 99.5% of an anhydrous solvent or solvent mixture.
When used herein, the terms 'liquid' and 'solution' include viscous materials such as creams, ointments and gels.
Compositions for use in the present invention may be applied topically to the skin or scalp as appropriate in the form of lotions, ointments, creams, conditioners, gels, mousses, sprays or aerosols. It will however be appreciated that topical compositions will not be limited to the forms indicated above.
A composition for topical application to the skin or scalp is preferably a 'leave-on' product, and includes, as
appropriate, conditioners, tonics, lotions, creams, dressings, gels, spray on conditioners, aerosol conditioning sprays, mousses, post foaming hair gels, styling and
hairsprays. According to the type of product required, in addition to the retinoid, the topically active substance and the
optional carrier, many other topically acceptable
ingredients may be used. For example, in a skin-care product compositions may
additionally contain a particulate substance such as silica, silanised silica or talc, which substance may improve the feel and appearance of a treated skin area. Gels, conditioners and other hair dressings will contain ingredients conventionally used in the art, and may include emulsifiers, detergents and alcohol.
Additional ingredients such as perfumes and dyes may also be used.
In a particular aspect of the invention there is provided a composition comprising a retinoid compound, more especially an ester of retinol or a mixture of esters of retinol, and a compound of formula (I), in particular
androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one.
Advantagously, compositions will be formulated with
topically acceptable carrier materials such that the
retinoid component and the formula (I) component are
presented in substantially saturated or super-saturated concentrations, optionally containing an anti-nucleating agent to prevent precipitation, in order to promote
penetration of the skin or scalp. A solution substantially saturated and preferably supersaturated in one or both components may be created in situ from a solution which is sub-saturated in one or both components by using a mixture of volatile and non-volatile solvents. On topical application, the volatile solvent rapidly evaporates thereby increasing the concentration of one or both components to substantially saturated and preferably super-saturated level. Suitable examples of volatile solvents include ethanol, propan-2-ol and volatile silicone fluids. Suitable examples of non-volatile solvents include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, silicone fluids and Arlasolve DM1 (dimethyl iso-sorbide).
Alternatively, substantially saturated and preferably supersaturated levels may be achieved by dissolving the active components in the first and/or second of two liquid phases and mixing them together either in situ post-application or immediately prior to use. The composition of the two liquid phases and the concentrations of the active components are selected such that on admixture of the two phases the concentration of one or both active components is near to or greater than the saturated solubility in the initially formed resultant mixture.
Super-saturated systems of this type are described in United States Patent No. 4,767,751, (Beecham Group pic).
It will be appreciated that where one liquid phase contains water, the stability of a retinoid compound which is a retinyl ester will be enhanced if it is dissolved in a non- aqueous second phase. Moreover, as described above, where the compound of formula (I) is dissolved in a liquid phase containing water, a further solubilising agent will be present in that phase. Suitable anti-nucleating agents include polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) . The compositions of this invention should desirably include an anti-oxidant effective in preventing oxidation of the retinoid compound and consequent reduction in the activity of the composition. Some anti-oxidants are effective in this respect but themselves oxidise to give a noticeable yellowing of the products.
Anti-oxidants which are suitable for incorporation include butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), (2, 3-di-tert-butyl-p- cresol); butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), (2-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyanisole or 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole); butylated hydroquinone (BHQ); tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ); vitamin E acetate; ascorbyl palmitate; and Nipanox (BHA: propyl gallate: citric acid: propylene glycol; 13:13:4:70) or a misture of these. A particularly suitable anti-oxidant is Nipanox. Accordingly in another of its aspects, the
invention includes a composition in accordance with the invention including an anti-oxidant selected from any of the above. The present invention also provides a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound
androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one, for cosmetic and/or therapeutic use.
The present invention further provides a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular
androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one for use as an antagonist of the influences of hormones in relation to hair-growth and skin-disorders.
The present invention also provides a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound
androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one for use as a skin-care product and in particular for the treatment of acne. In addition, the present invention provides a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16- dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one for use as a hair-care product and in particular for arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth.
The present invention provides a method of enhancing the bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of a topically active cosmetic substance which method comprises the topical administration to the skin and/or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a penetration enhancer, more especially a retinyl ester or a mixture of esters of retinol, and a topically active cosmetic substance which is other than a retinoid compound.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a method of enhancing the bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of a topically active therapeutic substance which method comprises the topical administration to the skin and/or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a penetration enhancer, more especially a retinyl ester or a mixture of esters of retinol, and a topically active
therapeutic substance which is other than a retinoid
compound. In another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of treatment of conditions of the human and animal body which are responsive to topically active substances, which method comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active cosmetic and/or therapeutic substance which is other than a retinoid compound. In a particular aspect there is provided a method of
treating bacterial, fungal or viral infections in mammals including humans, which method comprises the topical
administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active anti-bacterial, anti-fungal or anti-viral substance.
In addition there is provided a method of treatment of skin disorders, in particular acne, psoriasis and dermatitis, which method comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active anti-acne, anti-psoriasis or anti-dermatitic
substance which is other than a retinoid compound.
There is also provided a method of treatment of the effects of skin and tissue damage, in particular wounds and
bruising, which method comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active substance effective in the healing of skin and tissue damage which is other than a retinoid compound.
There is also provided a method of arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth which method comprises the topical administration of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a topically active substance effective in arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth which is other than a retinoid compound.
In a particular aspect, the present invention provides a method of treating skin-disorders, in particular acne, which method comprises the topical administration to the skin or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound
androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one. In yet a further particular aspect, the present invention providesa method for arresting hair-loss and/or promoting hair-growth which method comprises the topical
administration to the scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a retinoid compound, in particular a retinyl ester, and a compound of formula (I), in particular the compound androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one.
The following examples illustrate specific formulationsfor compositions for use in accordance with the present
invention. In each formulation, the compound
androst-4-ene-16, 16-dimethyl-17β-ol-3-one is included by way of example only as a representative example of a topically active substance and is identified as 'Compound A'.
Example 1
Formulations containing retinyl propionate and Compound A
Example 2
Formulations containing retinyl palmitate and Compound A
*Polydimethylsiloxane (200/0.65)
** Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid

Claims

Claims
1. A method of enhancing the bioavailability and
percutaneous absorbtion of a topically active substance which method comprises the topical administration to the skin and/or scalp of an effective amount of a composition comprising a penetration enhancer in the form of a retinoid and a topically active substance which is other than a retinoid.
2. Use of a retinoid as a penetration enhancer in the manufacture of a medicament for enhancing the
bioavailability and percutaneous absorption of a topically active substance, said topically active substance is other than a retinoid.
3. Use as claimed in claim 2, wherein said topically active substance has utility in the treatment of bacterial, fungal or viral infections, or in the treatments of skin disorders such as acne, psoriasis and dermatitis, or in the treatment of the effects of skin and tissue damage such as wounds and bruising; or in arresting hair loss or promoting hair growth.
4. Use as claimed in claim 2 or 3 wherein the retinoid is selected from the group, retinoic acid and derivatives thereof including esters and amides retinal; retinol and derivatives thereof including ethers and retinol esters.
5. Use as claimed in claims 2 to 4 wherein the retinoid is an C2-16 alkanoyl ester.
6. Use as claimed in claim 2 to 5 wherein the retinoid is the propanoyl or the palmitoyl ester of retinol.
7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a penetration enhancer in the form of a retinoid, and a topically active substance other than a retinoid and a pharmaceutical carrier with the proviso that the topically active substance is not minoxidil.
8. A pharmaceutical composition comprising retinoid and a topically active substance selected from a compound of formula (I):
wherein
R1 is a C1-5 alkyl group, a C3-6 alkenyl group, a C3-6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenylalkyl group in which the alkyl moiety contains 1 to 3 carbon atoms and the phenyl moiety is optionally substituted; R2 is a hydroxyl group, or a group OR4 wherein R4 is a C2-7 alkanoyl group, a C1-4 alkyl group, or an optionally substituted benzyl group; and R3 is
hydrogen or a C1-5 alkyl group; or R2 and R3 together with the carbon atom to which they are joined represent a
carbonyl group.
9. A pharmaceutical composition as claimed in claim 8 wherein R1 is methyl ethyl, or n- or iso propyl; R2 is hydroxy and has the β-configuration; and R3 is hydrogen or methyl.
10. A pharmaceutical composition as claimed in claim 8 or 9 wherein the compound is androst-4-ene-16, 16 dimethyl-17β- ol-3-one.
11. A pharmaceutical composition as claimed herein wherein the carrier is an anhydrous carrier.
12. A pharmaceutical composition as claimed herein wherein the retinoid is dissolved in a non-aqueous phase of a multiphase system.
13. A composition as claimed in any of claims 8 to 10 for use as an antagonist of the influences of hormones in relation to hair growth and skin-disorders.
EP19910919145 1990-10-31 1991-10-25 Topical composition with retinoid penetration enhancer Withdrawn EP0555309A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909023648A GB9023648D0 (en) 1990-10-31 1990-10-31 Novel method
GB9023648 1990-10-31
GB909023647A GB9023647D0 (en) 1990-10-31 1990-10-31 Novel compositions
GB9023647 1990-10-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0555309A1 true EP0555309A1 (en) 1993-08-18

Family

ID=26297873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910919145 Withdrawn EP0555309A1 (en) 1990-10-31 1991-10-25 Topical composition with retinoid penetration enhancer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0555309A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06502161A (en)
WO (1) WO1992007586A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ283894A3 (en) * 1992-05-20 1995-09-13 Merck & Co Inc 7beta-substituted 4-aza-5alpha-cholestanones, their use for the preparation of pharmaceutical preparations and pharmaceutical compositions containing thereof
JPH0632722A (en) * 1992-07-13 1994-02-08 Shiseido Co Ltd External preparation for skin
IL111467A0 (en) * 1993-11-12 1994-12-29 Merck & Co Inc Pharmaceutical compositions comprising 7 beta -substituted -4-aza 5 alpha -cholestan-3-ones and 5 alpha reductase 1 inhibitors
FR2718021B1 (en) * 1994-04-05 1996-06-28 Fabre Pierre Cosmetique Topical composition based on retinal.
US5543417A (en) * 1994-10-21 1996-08-06 Merck & Co., Inc. Combination method of treating acne using 4-AZA-5α-cholestan-ones and 4-AZA-5α-androstan-ones as selective 5α-reductase inhibitors with anti-bacterial, keratolytic, or anti-inflammatory agents
AU694576B2 (en) * 1994-10-21 1998-07-23 Merck & Co., Inc. Combination method for acne treatment
US6503894B1 (en) 2000-08-30 2003-01-07 Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Pharmaceutical composition and method for treating hypogonadism
GB0311815D0 (en) * 2003-05-22 2003-06-25 Unilever Plc Skin treatments
WO2006025307A1 (en) 2004-08-30 2006-03-09 Kao Corporation Wrinkle reduction agent, lipolysis accelerator, composition for external use on skin, and food or beverage composition
EP2060261B1 (en) * 2007-11-13 2016-03-09 Athenion AG C-19 steroids for cosmetic uses
EP2949361B1 (en) 2007-11-13 2017-03-22 Athenion AG C-19 steroids for treating cellulite
JP6833456B2 (en) * 2016-11-02 2021-02-24 日東電工株式会社 Skin fibrosis treatment agent
WO2019022250A1 (en) * 2017-07-28 2019-01-31 国立大学法人九州大学 Percutaneous absorption composition containing controlled-release water-soluble active ingredient

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1538227A (en) * 1975-03-21 1979-01-10 Beecham Group Ltd 16,16-disubstituted steroids of the androstene series
EP0339905A3 (en) * 1988-04-25 1991-05-08 Ethicon, Inc. Wound healing compositions containing growth factors and retinoids
US5093360A (en) * 1989-04-07 1992-03-03 Yu Ruey J Retinal, derivatives and their therapeutic use

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9207586A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1992007586A1 (en) 1992-05-14
JPH06502161A (en) 1994-03-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JPH06502160A (en) Steroid derivative-containing composition
EP0555309A1 (en) Topical composition with retinoid penetration enhancer
US8062648B2 (en) Formulations containing melatonin, ginkgo biloba, and biotin
EP0123528B1 (en) Pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of hair loss
JP2002173449A (en) Hair-growing agent
US5747479A (en) Vitamin D3 analogs useful for reversing the photodamage in sun-exposed skin
KR102327820B1 (en) Topical composition of dutasteride
EP1562547B1 (en) Method of stimulating hair growth using benzopyrans
US5811414A (en) Vitamin D3 analogs useful for reversing the photodamage in sun-exposed skin
JP5989271B1 (en) Scalp composition for external use
JPH11269042A (en) Cosmetic for scalp and hair
JPH11269043A (en) Cosmetic for scalp and hair
JPH11302133A (en) Cosmetic for scalp and hair
JP2004315442A (en) Gray hair-preventing/improving agent
JP3314785B2 (en) Minoxidil-containing hair restorer
JP2969866B2 (en) Hair growth agent
JPH11302131A (en) Cosmetic for scalp and hair
US6187815B1 (en) Methods and compositions for the promotion of hair growth
WO1993017687A1 (en) Topical compositions containing steroids
JPH10273424A (en) Cosmetic for hair
JP2017171648A (en) Topical composition for scalp
JPH10182458A (en) Indomethacin-containing preparation composition for external use
JPH11263714A (en) Cosmetic for scalp and hair of head
JPH10245393A (en) Composition containing triterpenes
JPH07149614A (en) Hair tonic agent

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930416

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT NL

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19951208

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19960419