EP0555305B1 - Chalumeau a plasma pour la fusion et le maintien a la temperature requise de materiaux a traiter dans des recipients - Google Patents

Chalumeau a plasma pour la fusion et le maintien a la temperature requise de materiaux a traiter dans des recipients Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0555305B1
EP0555305B1 EP91918979A EP91918979A EP0555305B1 EP 0555305 B1 EP0555305 B1 EP 0555305B1 EP 91918979 A EP91918979 A EP 91918979A EP 91918979 A EP91918979 A EP 91918979A EP 0555305 B1 EP0555305 B1 EP 0555305B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
main
electrode
lance
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91918979A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0555305A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Katschinski
Friedrich Greilinger
Klaus Giertz
Hans Josef Bebber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vodafone GmbH
Original Assignee
Mannesmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann AG filed Critical Mannesmann AG
Publication of EP0555305A1 publication Critical patent/EP0555305A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0555305B1 publication Critical patent/EP0555305B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3436—Hollow cathodes with internal coolant flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/38—Guiding or centering of electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/44—Plasma torches using an arc using more than one torch

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plasma torch.
  • Plasma torches are subjected to high thermal loads when used in vessels.
  • the main electrode is essentially thermally acted upon by heat of current, while heat is supplied to the jacket of the burner lance to a particular extent by heat radiation from the arc, from the weld pool and from the furnace wall.
  • the resulting temperature changes in the materials cause considerable changes in the length of the components.
  • the plasma torch known from this document is not only of complex construction, it also has hardly any influence on the problem of the relative displacement of the individual cooling components, since the lances are each fixed to the part of the torch facing away from the melt.
  • the individual lances can extend over their entire length, with the result that the greatest axial displacements can be found precisely in the critical area of the main electrode / nozzle.
  • a plasma torch is known in which the main nozzle and the main electrode are fixed in the area of the nozzle tip and are also connected to a common cooling water system.
  • Plasma torches of this type do not have a torch lance that is exposed to high levels of heat radiation, particularly when used in vessels, with the consequence, in particular, of the linear expansion.
  • a plasma torch which is attached to a carrying device so as to protrude into a vessel that can be filled with melt.
  • This burner has a nozzle arranged on a double-walled burner lance and a main electrode tube arranged inside the burner lance.
  • the main electrode is arranged at the end of the main electrode tube facing the melt.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a plasma torch which, in a simple constructional design, allows reliable, low-maintenance, adjustable, constant formation of the plasma arc when used at high temperatures.
  • the inventor proposes a two-point bearing of individual components of the plasma torch.
  • the component with the greatest thermal load and thus the greatest change in length of the components acts as a load-bearing element.
  • this is the jacket of the torch lance, which is held at its foot end by the carrying device.
  • the head end of the jacket protruding into the furnace vessel forms the fixed point for the other components.
  • main electrode tube On the head end of which the main electrode is attached.
  • the head end of the main electrode tube is firmly connected to the head end of the jacket by means of insulation and forms the fixed bearing of the main lance.
  • the foot end of the main lance is designed as a floating bearing. The change in length of the components caused by thermal expansion can develop stress-free through this type of storage.
  • the sliding elements of the floating bearing of the main electrode tube are designed so that a secure transmission of the electrical current is guaranteed.
  • Contact springs which comprise the electrode tube in the form of a sleeve are particularly suitable for this purpose.
  • the water flow of the plasma lance is designed so that the fresh coolant is led from the support device to the main electrode tube and from there inside the tube to the main electrode. Inside the main electrode, it is led to the areas with the highest thermal loads and, after leaving the electrode, is led directly to the nozzle ring via overflows.
  • the cooling water is returned to the carrying device in the double jacket of the electrode lance.
  • the necessary insulation is provided between the burner components.
  • the insulation between the electrode and the nozzle ring has been included in the fixed point.
  • Plasma torches with ignition electrodes have their own storage system with fixed and floating bearings for the ignition electrode.
  • the fixed point is formed in the head area of the ignition electrode by an insulating sleeve.
  • the entire length of the ignition electrode tube is surrounded by cooling water. During operation, it is additionally cooled by gas flowing inside the ignition lance. The changes in length that occur despite the intensive cooling as a result of the current heat are absorbed by sliding elements arranged at the foot end of the ignition electrode tube.
  • a quick-release fastener is provided on the support arm, in which the media feeds are arranged.
  • the quick-release fastener is designed so that the plasma torch can be changed easily and quickly.
  • the Media feeds from the carrying device and from the burner lance are matched to one another and, after closing the quick-release fastener, ensure safe, trouble-free supply of the gaseous and liquid media and the electrical current.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the essential components of the plasma torch, namely the head part 11 pointing towards the melt S, a main electrode 10 and the foot part 17 which can be fastened to a (not shown) carrying device 40.
  • the head part 11 of the main electrode 10 is designed as a pot, whereby the bottom of the pot faces the melt S.
  • an insulation 21 designed as a ring is arranged at the foot end 12 of the pot.
  • the main electrode 10 is enveloped in its longitudinal extent by a burner lance 30.
  • This burner lance 30 is double-walled and has an inner tube 32 and a jacket 33.
  • the head end 31 of the burner lance 30 is attached to the insulation 21.
  • Sliding elements 51 are provided between the foot end 35 of the burner lance 30 and the foot part 17 of the main electrode 10.
  • the foot part 35 of the burner lance 31 is fastened to a quick-release part 41 of the carrying device 40.
  • the quick release part 41 is connected to the media supply 80, not shown, and has a water supply 81 and a water discharge 82, a main gas supply 84 and a power supply 85.
  • the media guidance is shown by arrows.
  • the main gas flows between a main electrode tube 18 and the inner tube 32 of the burner lance 30 and then through bores 16 provided at the foot end 12 of the pot into the collimator area 63.
  • the cooling water flows through the interior of the main electrode tube 18 to the head part 11 of the main electrode 10, where it is deflected by guide plates 14 arranged on the inner wall 13 of the main electrode tube 18, flows back in a ring in the opposite direction and over in the area of the foot end 12 of the pot at a right angle to the central axis I arranged openings 15 reaches cavities 61 of a nozzle 60.
  • the cooling water leaves the nozzle 60 via passages 34 provided at the top end 31 of the burner lance 30, in order to leave the plasma torch again in the double jacket of the burner lance 30 between the inner tube and jacket 33 at the foot end 35 of the lance through the water discharge 82.
  • the nozzle 60 can, as shown in the right part of the picture, be designed in a shape that represents a so-called shadow tube.
  • the insulation 21 is designed accordingly in the interior 61 and has passages 62 and inner tubes 23 for guiding the cooling medium.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plasma torch with main and ignition electrodes 10, 70 with sliding elements 51 between the foot end 35, the burner lance 30 and the foot part 17 of the main electrode 10 and sliding elements 52 between the main electrode tube 18 and the ignition electrode tube 71 of the ignition electrode 70.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un chalumeau à plasma lequel est fixé à un dispositif porteur, de manière à faire saillie dans un récipient, et lequel présente une buse montée sur une lance de chalumeau, ainsi qu'un tube à électrode principale monté dans la lance de chalumeau et comportant une électrode principale à laquelle sont amenés, par des tubes disposés coaxialement, des fluides gazéiformes et liquides, ainsi que le courant électrique, une isolation annulaire (21) entoure l'électrode principale (10) près de son pied, en formant un anneau. Sur cette isolation est fixée l'enveloppe (33) de la lance de chalumeau à double paroi (30) retenue par le dispositif porteur.

Claims (9)

  1. Torche à plasma, qui est fixée à un dispositif de support (40) par une fermeture rapide (41) en faisant saillie dans un récipient pouvant être rempli d'un bain de fusion, comportant :
    - une lance de torche qui présente une enveloppe (33) et un tube interne (32),
    - un tube d'électrode principale (18) agencé à l'intérieur de la lance (30), qui fait partie de l'électrode principale (10) et par lequel du courant électrique peut être amené,
    - une buse (60) agencée sur la lance (30), qui est agencée à l'extrémité de tête (11), en regard du bain de fusion, du tube (18) de l'électrode principale,
    - une isolation annulaire (21) autour de l'électrode principale (10) dans la zone de son extrémité de tête, à laquelle est fixée l'enveloppe (33) de la lance (30), de sorte que le tube (18) de l'électrode principale agencé à l'intérieur de la lance (30) est fixé, à une extrémité, à l'isolation (21), et
    - un élément coulissant (51) sur lequel le tube de l'électrode principale est monté coulissant en direction axiale, à l'autre extrémité, par rapport à la lance (30),
    - un fluide gazeux pouvant être amené entre le tube (18) de l'électrode principale et le tube interne (32) de la lance (30) à la buse, et un fluide liquide pouvant être guidé à travers l'espace interne du tube (18) de l'électrode principale par l'intermédiaire de cavités (61) sur la buse (60) et entre le tube interne (32) et l'enveloppe (33) de la lance (30).
  2. Torche à plasma selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que les éléments coulissants (51) sont des ressorts de contact.
  3. Torche à plasma selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que des raccords (81 à 84), pour l'amenée et l'évacuation du fluide de refroidissement ainsi que pour le gaz, sont prévus à l'extrémité de pied (35) de la lance (30).
  4. Torche à plasma selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisée en ce que, à l'extrémité de pied (35) de la lance (30), il est prévu une partie de fermeture rapide (41) du dispositif de support (40), qui présente des conduits de fluide (80) adaptés pour l'eau (81,82), le gaz (83,84), ainsi que le courant (85).
  5. Torche à plasma selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que, à l'extrémité de tête (12) sur la paroi interne (13) du tube (34) de l'électrode principale, en saillie dans la buse, il est prévu une chicane cylindrique (14) pour guider le fluide de refroidissement.
  6. Torche à plasma selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que la paroi interne (62) de la buse cylindrique (60) est raccordée à l'isolation (21) et l'isolation (21) est réalisée sous forme de chicane pour l'eau.
  7. Torche à plasma selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que des ouvertures (15), agencées à angle droit par rapport à l'axe central (I) dans la paroi interne (13) à l'extrémité de pied (12) de la lance (30), sont prévues pour la sortie du fluide de refroidissement.
  8. Torche à plasma selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisée en ce que des perçages (16), agencés coaxialement à l'axe central entre les ouvertures (15), sont prévus pour guider le gaz principal.
  9. Torche à plasma selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'électrode principale (10) est réalisée sur la tête, orientée vers le bain de fusion, de la calotte fermée.
EP91918979A 1990-10-30 1991-10-29 Chalumeau a plasma pour la fusion et le maintien a la temperature requise de materiaux a traiter dans des recipients Expired - Lifetime EP0555305B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4034731A DE4034731A1 (de) 1990-10-30 1990-10-30 Plasmabrenner zum schmelzen und warmhalten von in gefaessen zu behandelnden materialien
DE4034731 1990-10-30
PCT/DE1991/000848 WO1992008335A1 (fr) 1990-10-30 1991-10-29 Chalumeau a plasma pour la fusion et le maintien a la temperature requise de materiaux a traiter dans des recipients

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0555305A1 EP0555305A1 (fr) 1993-08-18
EP0555305B1 true EP0555305B1 (fr) 1996-04-24

Family

ID=6417438

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91918979A Expired - Lifetime EP0555305B1 (fr) 1990-10-30 1991-10-29 Chalumeau a plasma pour la fusion et le maintien a la temperature requise de materiaux a traiter dans des recipients

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5406047A (fr)
EP (1) EP0555305B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3017804B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU8768691A (fr)
DE (2) DE4034731A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992008335A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA918609B (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5916029A (en) * 1996-06-26 1999-06-29 Liphatech, Inc. Process for producing seeds coated with a microbial composition
FR2792493B1 (fr) * 1999-04-14 2001-05-25 Commissariat Energie Atomique Cartouche pour torche a plasma et torche a plasma equipee
FR2792492B1 (fr) 1999-04-14 2001-05-25 Commissariat Energie Atomique Cartouche pour torche a plasma et torche a plasma equipee
IT1313272B1 (it) * 1999-07-29 2002-07-17 Rgr Ambiente Reattori Gassific Procedimento e dispositivo per la pirolisi e gassificazione di rifiuti
ITRM20010291A1 (it) * 2001-05-29 2002-11-29 Ct Sviluppo Materiali Spa Torcia al plasma
FR2867405B1 (fr) * 2004-03-09 2006-04-28 Air Liquide Torche de coupage plasma a circuits d'injection de gaz differencies
KR100663547B1 (ko) * 2004-09-09 2007-01-02 삼성전자주식회사 단말기의 소프트웨어 업그레이드를 위한 통신 시스템 및방법과 그 단말기
US20070045241A1 (en) * 2005-08-29 2007-03-01 Schneider Joseph C Contact start plasma torch and method of operation
US7699602B2 (en) * 2006-05-10 2010-04-20 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Glassware mold lubrication burner
US8258423B2 (en) * 2009-08-10 2012-09-04 The Esab Group, Inc. Retract start plasma torch with reversible coolant flow
JP6650799B2 (ja) * 2016-03-15 2020-02-19 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 プラズマエッチング装置
JP7474676B2 (ja) * 2020-10-19 2024-04-25 コマツ産機株式会社 プラズマトーチ及びプラズマトーチ用センタパイプ

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US3242305A (en) * 1963-07-03 1966-03-22 Union Carbide Corp Pressure retract arc torch
US3250893A (en) * 1963-10-01 1966-05-10 Union Carbide Corp Method for providing a source of heat
DE1256816B (de) * 1965-04-09 1967-12-21 Inst Badan Jadrowych Bogenplasmabrenner
US4018973A (en) * 1974-08-20 1977-04-19 Paton Boris E Furnace construction for plasma arc remelting of metal
US4133987A (en) * 1977-12-07 1979-01-09 Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E.O. Patona Adakemii Nauk Electrode assembly for plasma arc torches
DE2900330A1 (de) * 1978-01-09 1979-07-12 Inst Elektroswarki Patona Verfahren zur plasmaerzeugung in einem plasma-lichtbogen-generator und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE2913464C3 (de) * 1979-04-04 1983-11-10 Deutsche Forschungs- Und Versuchsanstalt Fuer Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V., 5300 Bonn Gleichstrom-Plasmabrenner
CA1173784A (fr) * 1981-07-30 1984-09-04 William H. Gauvin Reacteur a transport d'arc au plasma pour la chimie et la metallurgie
DE3435680A1 (de) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-03 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Plasmabrenner
US4902871A (en) * 1987-01-30 1990-02-20 Hypertherm, Inc. Apparatus and process for cooling a plasma arc electrode
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US4766286A (en) * 1987-07-30 1988-08-23 United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Arc length control for plasma welding
DE3840485A1 (de) * 1988-12-01 1990-06-07 Mannesmann Ag Fluessigkeitsgekuehlter plasmabrenner mit uebertragenem lichtbogen
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DE4022111A1 (de) * 1990-07-11 1992-01-23 Krupp Gmbh Plasmabrenner fuer uebertragenen lichtbogen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06504157A (ja) 1994-05-12
DE4034731C2 (fr) 1993-05-13
DE4034731A1 (de) 1992-05-07
EP0555305A1 (fr) 1993-08-18
DE59107742D1 (de) 1996-05-30
US5406047A (en) 1995-04-11
WO1992008335A1 (fr) 1992-05-14
AU8768691A (en) 1992-05-26
JP3017804B2 (ja) 2000-03-13
ZA918609B (en) 1992-07-29

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