EP0555158B1 - Mécanisme de commande d'un disjoncteur à boîtier moulé - Google Patents

Mécanisme de commande d'un disjoncteur à boîtier moulé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0555158B1
EP0555158B1 EP93420026A EP93420026A EP0555158B1 EP 0555158 B1 EP0555158 B1 EP 0555158B1 EP 93420026 A EP93420026 A EP 93420026A EP 93420026 A EP93420026 A EP 93420026A EP 0555158 B1 EP0555158 B1 EP 0555158B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
handle
latch
toggle
operating mechanism
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93420026A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0555158A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Nereau
Philippe Perrier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric SE
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric SE filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0555158A1 publication Critical patent/EP0555158A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0555158B1 publication Critical patent/EP0555158B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H01H1/2041—Rotating bridge
    • H01H1/2058—Rotating bridge being assembled in a cassette, which can be placed as a complete unit into a circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/501—Means for breaking welded contacts; Indicating contact welding or other malfunction of the circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/522—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever comprising a cradle-mechanism
    • H01H71/525—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever comprising a cradle-mechanism comprising a toggle between cradle and contact arm and mechanism spring acting between handle and toggle knee
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1054—Means for avoiding unauthorised release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/505—Latching devices between operating and release mechanism

Definitions

  • a fault occurs, in particular an overload or a short circuit
  • the contacts open automatically under the action of a trigger and the handle comes into a tripped position intermediate between the position of closing and opening position.
  • Resetting the circuit breaker requires moving the handle, beyond the open position, to a reset position where the hook is brought into the locked position.
  • This reset position is an unstable position and the handle automatically returns to the open position when it is released. With the hook locked, the circuit breaker can again be closed and opened by manual control, or open automatically when a fault occurs.
  • the present invention aims to allow the realization of a circuit breaker mechanism holding the handle and the hook in the armed position, during an untimely tripping.
  • the mechanism according to the invention is characterized in that the cam surface includes a slope change point delimiting two successive sections, a first section corresponding substantially to the stroke of the handle between the triggered position and the reset position, and a second section corresponding to the rearmed position, the slope of the first section being such that the result of the forces derived from the spring and exerted on the handle urges the handle in the released position, and the slope of the second section being such that the handle is biased in the rearmed position arranged in the stable position for holding the hook.
  • the resetting position of the handle is made stable and in this position, this handle maintains the hook independently of the position of the latch.
  • a triggering action which releases the lock is not hampered but it has no effect, the hook remaining held by the handle. This avoids any risk of deterioration of the triggering and locking system likely to occur in the event of a mechanical blocking of these systems to avoid untimely disarming.
  • the hook is articulated by one of its ends on a fixed axis, and the opposite end is arranged on the locking surface cooperating with the lock.
  • the toggle joint is articulated at an intermediate point of the hook and the cam surface extends on the side of the end carrying the locking surface.
  • the length of the second section of the cam is reduced, for example to a value less than the diameter of the roller, so as to have an arming stroke corresponding to the length of the relatively large first section.
  • the invention is applicable to any circuit breaker mechanism with tilting handle, the resetting of which is ensured by a displacement of the handle towards or beyond the open position.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pole of a circuit breaker according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an axial sectional view of the circuit breaker according to the invention, shown in the closed position.
  • Figure 3 is a partial view showing the mechanism in the closed position.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are views similar to that of Figure 3, showing the mechanism respectively in the open-cocked position, and triggered.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 we recognize a pole of a molded case circuit breaker.
  • the pole 10 comprises a box 11 of molded insulating material in which are housed a contact bridge 12 which cooperates with fixed contacts 13, and breaking chambers 14.
  • the contact bridge 12 is carried by a section of bar 15 whose pivoting, causing the opening and closing of the contacts 12,13, is controlled by a mechanism designated by the general reference 16.
  • the mechanism 16 comprises two spaced flanges 17 secured to the box 11 by rods 18. At the bottom of the flanges 17, which frame the box 11, is pivotally mounted a crank 19 secured by bars 20 to the bar sections 15. On the flanges 17 is articulated by an axis 21, a handle support 22 carrying a handle 23. On a fixed axis 24 integral with the flanges 17, the end 25 of a hook 26 is rotatably mounted, the opposite end of which carries or is arranged on the locking surface 27.
  • the crank 19 is mechanically connected to the hook 26 by a toggle 28 constituted by a first lever 29 articulated by a toggle pin 30 to a second lever 31, itself articulated by an axis 32 on the hook 26.
  • a tension spring 33 is anchored, on the one hand to the toggle pin 30, and on the other hand at a point 34 to the support of handle 22.
  • a lock 36 articulated on an axis 35 is biased in the hook locking position 26 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In the locked position, the hook 26 exerts by the locking surface 27, a force on the bolt 36 urging the latter in the unlocking direction by pivoting clockwise in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the lock 36 is held in the locking position by a hook 37, controlled by a trigger (not shown) causing the opening circuit breaker automatically when a fault occurs.
  • the handle support 22 carries a roller 38 which cooperates with a cam surface 39 arranged on the upper face of the hook 26.
  • FIG. 4 shows the balance of forces acting on the handle 23.
  • This handle is subjected on the one hand to a direct action of the spring 33, on its anchor point 34, this force being represented by the arrow F1 on Figure 6. It is off-center by a lever arm D1 relative to the pivot axis 21 of the handle 23 and urges the latter in the reset position.
  • the spring 33 exerts on the other hand, by means of the first lever 29 of the toggle of the hook 26 and of the second section 40 of the cam 39, a force F2 eccentric of a lever arm D2 relative to the axis pivot 21 of the handle. The movement generated by this force F2 tends to move the handle 23 towards the closed position against the torque generated by the force F1.
  • the system is arranged so that the torque generated by the force F1 is greater than that generated by the force F2, to urge the handle 23 in the reset position.
  • This can be obtained by an appropriate choice of the slope of the second section 42 of the cam 39 which modifies the lever arm D2.
  • the length of the second section 42 can be reduced, for example to a value close to the diameter of the roller 38, so as to maintain a significant length of the first section 41 and thus limit the actuating force of the handle 23 for maneuvering rearmament.
  • the invention is of course applicable to other types of mechanism or locking, and it can be used for single-circuit breakers.

Landscapes

  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
EP93420026A 1992-02-07 1993-01-21 Mécanisme de commande d'un disjoncteur à boîtier moulé Expired - Lifetime EP0555158B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9201486 1992-02-07
FR9201486A FR2687249B1 (fr) 1992-02-07 1992-02-07 Mecanisme de commande d'un disjoncteur a boitier moule.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0555158A1 EP0555158A1 (fr) 1993-08-11
EP0555158B1 true EP0555158B1 (fr) 1996-12-27

Family

ID=9426502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93420026A Expired - Lifetime EP0555158B1 (fr) 1992-02-07 1993-01-21 Mécanisme de commande d'un disjoncteur à boîtier moulé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5300907A (ja)
EP (1) EP0555158B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3352743B2 (ja)
DE (1) DE69306822T2 (ja)
ES (1) ES2096894T3 (ja)
FR (1) FR2687249B1 (ja)

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US6037555A (en) 1999-01-05 2000-03-14 General Electric Company Rotary contact circuit breaker venting arrangement including current transformer
US6087913A (en) 1998-11-20 2000-07-11 General Electric Company Circuit breaker mechanism for a rotary contact system
US6114641A (en) 1998-05-29 2000-09-05 General Electric Company Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers
US6166344A (en) 1999-03-23 2000-12-26 General Electric Company Circuit breaker handle block
US6172584B1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-01-09 General Electric Company Circuit breaker accessory reset system
US6175288B1 (en) 1999-08-27 2001-01-16 General Electric Company Supplemental trip unit for rotary circuit interrupters
US6184761B1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-02-06 General Electric Company Circuit breaker rotary contact arrangement
US6188036B1 (en) 1999-08-03 2001-02-13 General Electric Company Bottom vented circuit breaker capable of top down assembly onto equipment
US6204743B1 (en) 2000-02-29 2001-03-20 General Electric Company Dual connector strap for a rotary contact circuit breaker
US6211758B1 (en) 2000-01-11 2001-04-03 General Electric Company Circuit breaker accessory gap control mechanism
US6211757B1 (en) 2000-03-06 2001-04-03 General Electric Company Fast acting high force trip actuator
US6215379B1 (en) 1999-12-23 2001-04-10 General Electric Company Shunt for indirectly heated bimetallic strip
US6218919B1 (en) 2000-03-15 2001-04-17 General Electric Company Circuit breaker latch mechanism with decreased trip time
US6218917B1 (en) 1999-07-02 2001-04-17 General Electric Company Method and arrangement for calibration of circuit breaker thermal trip unit
US6225881B1 (en) 1998-04-29 2001-05-01 General Electric Company Thermal magnetic circuit breaker
US6229413B1 (en) 1999-10-19 2001-05-08 General Electric Company Support of stationary conductors for a circuit breaker
US6232570B1 (en) 1999-09-16 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Arcing contact arrangement
US6232859B1 (en) 2000-03-15 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Auxiliary switch mounting configuration for use in a molded case circuit breaker
US6232856B1 (en) 1999-11-02 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Magnetic shunt assembly
US6239398B1 (en) 2000-02-24 2001-05-29 General Electric Company Cassette assembly with rejection features
US6239677B1 (en) 2000-02-10 2001-05-29 General Electric Company Circuit breaker thermal magnetic trip unit
US6252365B1 (en) 1999-08-17 2001-06-26 General Electric Company Breaker/starter with auto-configurable trip unit
US6262642B1 (en) 1999-11-03 2001-07-17 General Electric Company Circuit breaker rotary contact arm arrangement
US6262872B1 (en) 1999-06-03 2001-07-17 General Electric Company Electronic trip unit with user-adjustable sensitivity to current spikes
US6268991B1 (en) 1999-06-25 2001-07-31 General Electric Company Method and arrangement for customizing electronic circuit interrupters
US6281458B1 (en) 2000-02-24 2001-08-28 General Electric Company Circuit breaker auxiliary magnetic trip unit with pressure sensitive release
US6281461B1 (en) 1999-12-27 2001-08-28 General Electric Company Circuit breaker rotor assembly having arc prevention structure
US6300586B1 (en) 1999-12-09 2001-10-09 General Electric Company Arc runner retaining feature
US6310307B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2001-10-30 General Electric Company Circuit breaker rotary contact arm arrangement
US6317018B1 (en) 1999-10-26 2001-11-13 General Electric Company Circuit breaker mechanism
US6326868B1 (en) 1997-07-02 2001-12-04 General Electric Company Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breaker
US6326869B1 (en) 1999-09-23 2001-12-04 General Electric Company Clapper armature system for a circuit breaker
US6340925B1 (en) 2000-03-01 2002-01-22 General Electric Company Circuit breaker mechanism tripping cam
US6346869B1 (en) 1999-12-28 2002-02-12 General Electric Company Rating plug for circuit breakers
US6346868B1 (en) 2000-03-01 2002-02-12 General Electric Company Circuit interrupter operating mechanism
US6362711B1 (en) 2000-11-10 2002-03-26 General Electric Company Circuit breaker cover with screw locating feature
US6366188B1 (en) 2000-03-15 2002-04-02 General Electric Company Accessory and recess identification system for circuit breakers
US6373010B1 (en) 2000-03-17 2002-04-16 General Electric Company Adjustable energy storage mechanism for a circuit breaker motor operator
US6373357B1 (en) 2000-05-16 2002-04-16 General Electric Company Pressure sensitive trip mechanism for a rotary breaker
US6377144B1 (en) 1999-11-03 2002-04-23 General Electric Company Molded case circuit breaker base and mid-cover assembly
US6380829B1 (en) 2000-11-21 2002-04-30 General Electric Company Motor operator interlock and method for circuit breakers
US6379196B1 (en) 2000-03-01 2002-04-30 General Electric Company Terminal connector for a circuit breaker
US6388213B1 (en) 2000-03-17 2002-05-14 General Electric Company Locking device for molded case circuit breakers
US6396369B1 (en) 1999-08-27 2002-05-28 General Electric Company Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers
US6400245B1 (en) 2000-10-13 2002-06-04 General Electric Company Draw out interlock for circuit breakers
US6404314B1 (en) 2000-02-29 2002-06-11 General Electric Company Adjustable trip solenoid
US6429659B1 (en) 2000-03-09 2002-08-06 General Electric Company Connection tester for an electronic trip unit
US6429760B1 (en) 2000-10-19 2002-08-06 General Electric Company Cross bar for a conductor in a rotary breaker
US6429759B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2002-08-06 General Electric Company Split and angled contacts
US6448522B1 (en) 2001-01-30 2002-09-10 General Electric Company Compact high speed motor operator for a circuit breaker
US6448521B1 (en) 2000-03-01 2002-09-10 General Electric Company Blocking apparatus for circuit breaker contact structure
US6459349B1 (en) 2000-03-06 2002-10-01 General Electric Company Circuit breaker comprising a current transformer with a partial air gap
US6459059B1 (en) 2000-03-16 2002-10-01 General Electric Company Return spring for a circuit interrupter operating mechanism
US6469882B1 (en) 2001-10-31 2002-10-22 General Electric Company Current transformer initial condition correction
US6472620B2 (en) 2000-03-17 2002-10-29 Ge Power Controls France Sas Locking arrangement for circuit breaker draw-out mechanism
US6476335B2 (en) 2000-03-17 2002-11-05 General Electric Company Draw-out mechanism for molded case circuit breakers
US6476337B2 (en) 2001-02-26 2002-11-05 General Electric Company Auxiliary switch actuation arrangement
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US6496347B1 (en) 2000-03-08 2002-12-17 General Electric Company System and method for optimization of a circuit breaker mechanism
US6531941B1 (en) 2000-10-19 2003-03-11 General Electric Company Clip for a conductor in a rotary breaker
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US6369340B1 (en) 2000-03-10 2002-04-09 General Electric Company Circuit breaker mechanism for a contact system
US6421217B1 (en) 2000-03-16 2002-07-16 General Electric Company Circuit breaker accessory reset system
US6995640B2 (en) * 2000-05-16 2006-02-07 General Electric Company Pressure sensitive trip mechanism for circuit breakers
US6882258B2 (en) * 2001-02-27 2005-04-19 General Electric Company Mechanical bell alarm assembly for a circuit breaker
MXPA01011428A (es) * 2001-04-09 2003-08-20 Gen Electric Mecanismo e interruptor de circuito para un sistema de contacto giratorio.
DE10139566C1 (de) * 2001-08-10 2003-02-27 Moeller Gmbh Verklinkungsmechanismus für Leistungsschalter
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FR2940511B1 (fr) * 2008-12-18 2010-12-17 Hager Electro Sas Dispositif de declenchement mecanique pour appareil eletrique de coupure de ligne.
KR101010494B1 (ko) * 2008-12-19 2011-01-21 엘에스산전 주식회사 회로차단기의 개폐장치
DE102009007478A1 (de) 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltmechanismus für ein Schaltgerät, insbesondere für einen Niederspannungs-Leistungsschalter, mit entlasteter Verklinkung in einer Ausschalt- und Wiedergespannstellung
CN101604600B (zh) * 2009-06-05 2012-10-03 上海诺雅克电气有限公司 带辅助支撑件的多极断路器
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WO2012120327A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2012-09-13 Larsen & Toubro Limited An enhanced latch meachanism for use in circuit breakers
DE102011086834A1 (de) 2011-11-22 2013-05-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltmechanismus für ein elektrisches Schaltgerät sowie elektrisches Schaltgerät
DE102012202083A1 (de) 2012-02-13 2013-08-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltschloss für ein elektrisches Schaltgerät und elektrisches Schaltgerät
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DE102012203295A1 (de) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltschloss für einen Leistungsschalter
DE102012203294A1 (de) 2012-03-02 2013-09-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltschloss eines Leistungsschalters
JP5700256B2 (ja) * 2012-11-19 2015-04-15 株式会社日立産機システム 回路遮断器
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CN105244197B (zh) * 2015-10-30 2017-04-19 南京鼎牌电器有限公司 一种断路器触头结构及其断路器
EP3206219B1 (en) * 2016-02-10 2019-07-03 ABB S.p.A. A switching device for lv electric installations
EP3557604B1 (en) * 2018-04-20 2023-09-27 ABB S.p.A. A low voltage switching device
CN108777245B (zh) * 2018-07-05 2023-05-30 杭州本松新材料技术股份有限公司 低压型断路器的杠杆部件、底盖、传动机构和断路器
FR3103959B1 (fr) 2019-12-03 2022-06-10 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Appareil de commutation électrique à contacts séparables et disjoncteur comprenant un tel appareil

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US6326868B1 (en) 1997-07-02 2001-12-04 General Electric Company Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breaker
US6225881B1 (en) 1998-04-29 2001-05-01 General Electric Company Thermal magnetic circuit breaker
US6114641A (en) 1998-05-29 2000-09-05 General Electric Company Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers
US6259048B1 (en) 1998-05-29 2001-07-10 General Electric Company Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers
US6087913A (en) 1998-11-20 2000-07-11 General Electric Company Circuit breaker mechanism for a rotary contact system
US6037555A (en) 1999-01-05 2000-03-14 General Electric Company Rotary contact circuit breaker venting arrangement including current transformer
US6166344A (en) 1999-03-23 2000-12-26 General Electric Company Circuit breaker handle block
US6262872B1 (en) 1999-06-03 2001-07-17 General Electric Company Electronic trip unit with user-adjustable sensitivity to current spikes
US6400543B2 (en) 1999-06-03 2002-06-04 General Electric Company Electronic trip unit with user-adjustable sensitivity to current spikes
US6268991B1 (en) 1999-06-25 2001-07-31 General Electric Company Method and arrangement for customizing electronic circuit interrupters
US6218917B1 (en) 1999-07-02 2001-04-17 General Electric Company Method and arrangement for calibration of circuit breaker thermal trip unit
US6188036B1 (en) 1999-08-03 2001-02-13 General Electric Company Bottom vented circuit breaker capable of top down assembly onto equipment
US6710988B1 (en) 1999-08-17 2004-03-23 General Electric Company Small-sized industrial rated electric motor starter switch unit
US6252365B1 (en) 1999-08-17 2001-06-26 General Electric Company Breaker/starter with auto-configurable trip unit
US6175288B1 (en) 1999-08-27 2001-01-16 General Electric Company Supplemental trip unit for rotary circuit interrupters
US6396369B1 (en) 1999-08-27 2002-05-28 General Electric Company Rotary contact assembly for high ampere-rated circuit breakers
US6232570B1 (en) 1999-09-16 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Arcing contact arrangement
US6326869B1 (en) 1999-09-23 2001-12-04 General Electric Company Clapper armature system for a circuit breaker
US6229413B1 (en) 1999-10-19 2001-05-08 General Electric Company Support of stationary conductors for a circuit breaker
US6317018B1 (en) 1999-10-26 2001-11-13 General Electric Company Circuit breaker mechanism
US6232856B1 (en) 1999-11-02 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Magnetic shunt assembly
US6377144B1 (en) 1999-11-03 2002-04-23 General Electric Company Molded case circuit breaker base and mid-cover assembly
US6262642B1 (en) 1999-11-03 2001-07-17 General Electric Company Circuit breaker rotary contact arm arrangement
US6300586B1 (en) 1999-12-09 2001-10-09 General Electric Company Arc runner retaining feature
US6310307B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2001-10-30 General Electric Company Circuit breaker rotary contact arm arrangement
US6184761B1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-02-06 General Electric Company Circuit breaker rotary contact arrangement
US6172584B1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-01-09 General Electric Company Circuit breaker accessory reset system
US6215379B1 (en) 1999-12-23 2001-04-10 General Electric Company Shunt for indirectly heated bimetallic strip
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5300907A (en) 1994-04-05
DE69306822T2 (de) 1997-05-28
JPH0628961A (ja) 1994-02-04
ES2096894T3 (es) 1997-03-16
FR2687249A1 (fr) 1993-08-13
DE69306822D1 (de) 1997-02-06
JP3352743B2 (ja) 2002-12-03
EP0555158A1 (fr) 1993-08-11
FR2687249B1 (fr) 1994-04-01

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