EP0554665B1 - Method and apparatus for making wire nails having radially offset, fully circular heads - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for making wire nails having radially offset, fully circular heads Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0554665B1
EP0554665B1 EP93100234A EP93100234A EP0554665B1 EP 0554665 B1 EP0554665 B1 EP 0554665B1 EP 93100234 A EP93100234 A EP 93100234A EP 93100234 A EP93100234 A EP 93100234A EP 0554665 B1 EP0554665 B1 EP 0554665B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wire
clamping
stub
bent
clamping mechanism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93100234A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0554665A1 (en
Inventor
Robert W. C/O Keil & Schaafhausen Wright
John C/O Keil & Schaafhausen Binder
William L. C/O Keil & Schaafhausen Gabriel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Illinois Tool Works Inc
Original Assignee
Illinois Tool Works Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Illinois Tool Works Inc filed Critical Illinois Tool Works Inc
Publication of EP0554665A1 publication Critical patent/EP0554665A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0554665B1 publication Critical patent/EP0554665B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21G—MAKING NEEDLES, PINS OR NAILS OF METAL
    • B21G3/00—Making pins, nails, or the like
    • B21G3/16—Pointing; with or without cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21G—MAKING NEEDLES, PINS OR NAILS OF METAL
    • B21G3/00—Making pins, nails, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21G—MAKING NEEDLES, PINS OR NAILS OF METAL
    • B21G3/00—Making pins, nails, or the like
    • B21G3/12—Upsetting; Forming heads

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to a method and apparatus for making nails having elongate shanks and radially offset, fully circular heads from a malleable wire, such as a carbon steel wire.
  • the head of such a nail has a circumferential edge defining an axis in parallel but radially offset relation to an axis defined by the nail shank and conforming to a full circle when viewed axially.
  • wire nails having D-shaped or other heads that are not fully circular are collated by adhesively applied tapes or other collating media to form a strip.
  • the shanks of the collated nails are oriented in closely spaced, parallel relation to one another and, except at one end of the strip, the head of one nail overlies the head of another nail.
  • Wire nails having radially offset, fully circular heads, collated in a strip are disclosed in O'Connor U.S. Patent No. 3,358,822.
  • the O'Connor patent does not disclose how to make such nails.
  • Wire nails having radially offset, fully circular heads, collated in a strip, and an apparatus for making such nails are disclosed in US-A-5 056 976 filed October 15, 1990, by Henry A. Sygnator for WIRE NAIL, STRIP OF COLLATED WIRE NAILS, AND RELATED APPARATUS.
  • the apparatus disclosed therein must be precisely adjusted and may not be entirely satisfactory for making such nails in large production runs wherein precise adjustments of such an apparatus may be difficult to maintain.
  • the known machine is adapted to perform the following series of operations, viz: A stock bar, square or approximately so in cross-section, and usully worked hot, is fed intermittently, being gripped in its stopping positions by clamping dies; the feed leaves a certain length of the bar projecting beyond dies, and a hammer then strikes this end portion laterally to bend it sidewise; a reciprocating hammer then approaches endwise and swages the bent end of the bar against the clamping dies to form the head of the spike; the hammer recedes and the dies open, whereupon the bar is fed forward a distance corresponding to the length of the spike to be made, and is then re-clamped between the dies, while thus held, lateral pointing dies approach from opposite sides and swage the bar to form its pointed end and to cut it off, whereupon the finished spike falls out of the
  • This invention provides a novel method for making nails having elongate shanks and integral heads from a malleable wire, such as a carbon steel wire. Optimally, the novel method is practiced so that each nail has an elongate shank and a radially offset, fully circular head. The novel method is suitable for making such nails in large production runs.
  • the wire is clamped with a clamping mechanism defining a clamping axis so that a length of the wire extends axially from the clamping mechanism.
  • the extending length of the clamped wire is bent at an acute angle relative to the clamping axis, e.g. at about 20° relative thereto.
  • a leading portion is cut from the bent length of the clamped wire so as to leave a bent stub extending from the clamping mechanism at a similar angle.
  • a pointed end may be then formed on the leading portion as and where the leading portion is cut.
  • a nail head is formed from the bent stub of the clamped wire.
  • the wire is released from the clamping mechanism and is fed axially until a length of the wire extends axially from the clamping mechanism. These operations are repeated to form the shank and head of a nail from the leading portion cut in each repetition.
  • the wire is clamped with a clamping mechanism that defines a head-forming cavity when the wire is clamped.
  • the stub is pressed into the cavity and is deformed when pressed thereinto.
  • the cavity has a margin defining an axis parallel to but offset radially from the clamping axis and conforming to a full circle when viewed axially, and the bent stub extends generally toward the axis defined by the cavity before the nail head is formed.
  • the bent stub has a volume sufficient to form a head when such stub is compressed in the cavity.
  • the bent stub is engaged with a punch having a face extending at least as far as the margin of the cavity in all radial directions from the axis defined by the cavity.
  • the punch face is moved, preferably in a direction parallel to the parallel axes, to press the stub into the cavity and to deform the stub as the stub is pressed thereinto.
  • a keyway may be also formed along the wire where the wire is clamped by the clamping mechanism.
  • the keyway prevents relative rotation between the wire and the clamping mechanism and performs other important functions.
  • This invention provides a novel apparatus with components for carrying out various operations of the novel method. These components may replace known components in a nail-making machine of a commercially available type.
  • a clamping mechanism is used.
  • the clamping mechanism may include clamping jaws arranged to be relatively moveable between a closed configuration and an opened configuration.
  • the clamping jaws are arranged to clamp the wire in the closed configuration and to release the wire in the opened configuration.
  • the clamping jaws In the closed configuration, the clamping jaws define a head-forming cavity, which has a margin conforming to a full circle.
  • the cavity defines an axis parallel to but offset radially from the clamping axis.
  • the novel apparatus may comprise a punch having a face extending at least as far as the cavity margin in all radial directions from the cavity axis.
  • the punch is moveable, preferably in a direction parallel to the parallel axes, to press the stub into the cavity with the punch face and to deform the stub as the stub is pressed thereinto.
  • cutting jaws are arranged to be relatively moveable between an opened configuration and a closed configuration.
  • a bending finger extends from one of the cutting jaws for bending the extended length of the wire as the cutting jaws are closed partly.
  • the cutting jaws coact to cut the bent length of the wire as the cutting jaws are closed fully.
  • the cutting jaws may be also arranged for forming a pointed end on the leading portion of the wire as and where the leading portion is cut from the bent length of the clamped wire.
  • Figure 1 is a fragmentary, elevational view showing two relatively moveable clamping jaws in a closed configuration in the background, namely a fixed cutting jaw on the right and a moveable cutting jaw on the left, and two relatively moveable cutting jaws in the foreground.
  • the cutting jaw on the left includes a bending finger.
  • Figure 2 is a fragmentary, sectional view taken along line 2 ⁇ 2 in Figure 1, in a direction indicated by arrows, after a malleable wire clamped by the clamping jaws has been bent at an acute angle by the bending finger. A leading portion of the wire is shown as having been cut from the clamped wire by the cutting jaws so as to leave a bent stub extending from the clamping jaws at such an angle.
  • Figure 3 is a fragmentary, sectional view taken along line 3 ⁇ 3 in Figure 2, in a direction indicated by arrows, after the bent stub has been pressed into a head-forming cavity defined by the clamping jaws, by a punch shown in phantom outline, so as to form a radially offset, fully circular head.
  • Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2, except that the bent stub has been pressed into the head-forming cavity by the punch.
  • the cutting jaw shown in Figure 2 is not shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 3, except that the moveable clamping jaw has been moved away from the fixed clamping jaw sodas to permit the wire to be axially fed.
  • Figure 6 is a fragmentary, sectional view taken along line 6 ⁇ 6 in Figure 5, in a direction indicated by arrows.
  • a means for feeding the wire axially is represented by a reciprocating feed dog mechanism.
  • Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 3, except that the leading portion of the clamped wire is shown as having been bent downwardly by a bending finger on one of the cutting jaws, before the bent portion is cut from the clamped wire by the cutting jaws.
  • Figure 8 is a fragmentary, sectional view taken along line 8 ⁇ 8 in Figure 7, in a direction indicated by arrows. The leading portion of the clamped wire is shown as having a nail head formed thereon.
  • Figure 9 is an exploded, perspective view of the clamping and cutting jaws.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of an exemplary nail having an elongate shank with a pointed end, and with a keyway, and having a radially offset, fully circular head.
  • an apparatus 10 is preferred for carrying out the novel method provided by this invention for making nails 12 having elongate shanks 14 with conventional, four-faceted, pointed ends 16 and having radially offset, circular heads 18 from a malleable, carbon steel wire 20 of a given, uniform diameter and of an indeterminate length.
  • An exemplary nail 12 formed by the novel method, in the apparatus 10, is shown in Figure 10.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises a clamping mechanism with novel features and a cutting mechanism with novel features.
  • the clamping mechanism and the cutting mechanism replace the clamping and cutting mechanisms provided heretofore in a nail-making machine of a known type, such as a Wafios Model N51 Nail-Making Machine, which is available commercially from Wafios Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG of Reutlingen, Germany.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises a punch 26 similar to the punch provided heretofore in such a nail-making machine.
  • the clamping mechanism comprises two relatively moveable clamping jaws, namely a clamping jaw 30 mounted fixedly in the nail-making machine and a clamping jaw 32 moveable transversely toward and away from the fixed jaw 30.
  • a closed configuration see Figures 1, 3, and 5 wherein the clamping jaws 30, 32, are closed
  • the moveable jaw 32 is moved toward the fixed jaw 30 and engages the fixed jaw 30.
  • an opened configuration see Figure 5) wherein the clamping jaws 30, 32, are opened, the moveable jaw 32 is moved away from the fixed jaw 30.
  • the fixed jaw 30 has a longitudinal groove 34, which conforms to a major portion (about 210°) of a right circular cylinder, except that the groove 34 has flared upper and lower margins 36 (see Figure 3) permitting the wire 20 to move transversely into and out from the groove 34 without binding.
  • the moveable jaw 32 has a longitudinal groove 38, which conforms to a minor portion (about 150°) of the same cylinder. Such cylinder has a diameter approximating the diameter of the wire 20.
  • the nail-making machine incorporating the clamping mechanism comprises a mechanism M a for causing relative movement of the clamping jaws 30, 32, between the opened and closed configurations.
  • each of the longitudinal grooves 34, 38 may be semi-cylindrical, each conforming to one half (180°) of such a cylinder.
  • the longitudinal groove 38 of the moveable jaw 32 has a nub 40 integral with the moveable jaw 32.
  • the nub 40 is shaped to form a keyway 42 (see Figure 10) along a portion of the wire 20 to become the shank 14 of the nail 12 being made, by deforming some of the malleable wire 20, as the moveable jaw 32 is moved toward the fixed jaw 30.
  • the copending application noted above discloses a similar keyway being formed in a wire portion to become a nail shank.
  • the keyway 42 prevents relative rotation between the wire 20 and the clamping jaws 30, 32, as each nail 12 is made.
  • Other important functions of such keyways in collating wire nails are disclosed in a US-A-5 058 228 filed October 15, 1990, by Robert W. Wright et al. for MACHINE AND METHOD FOR COLLATING WIRE NAILS HAVING SHANK KEYWAYS.
  • the nail-making machine incorporating the apparatus 10 has a reciprocating feed dog mechanism M b of known construction, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 6, for feeding the wire 20 axially during the nail-making process.
  • the mechanism M b has moved the wire 20 a predetermined length from the clamping jaws 30, 32, which is commensurate with the desired length of the nail to be formed.
  • the clamping mechanism defines a head-forming cavity 50.
  • the cavity 50 is defined by a partial cavity 52 at a front face 54 of the fixed jaw 30 and by a partial cavity 56 at a front face 58 of the moveable jaw 32.
  • the front faces 54, 58, are coplanar.
  • the cavity 50 has a margin 60 defining an axis parallel to but offset radially from the clamping axis and conforming to a full circle when viewed axially. As shown in Figures 2, 4, 6, and 8, the margin 60 is frusto-conical and tapers inwardly from the front faces 54, 58.
  • the cutting mechanism comprises two relatively moveable cutting jaws 70, 72, which are moveable transversely between a closed configuration and an opened configuration.
  • the cutting jaws 70, 72 are closed, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the cutting jaws 70, 72 are opened so as to permit the wire 20 to be axially fed therebetween.
  • the nail-making machine incorporating the apparatus 10 has a mechanism M c for moving the cutting jaws 70, 72, between the opened and closed configurations.
  • the cutting jaw 72 has a bending finger 80 having a lower, camming surface 82.
  • the lower, camming surface 82 faces downwardly, toward the cutting jaw 70, and at an acute angle relative to a horizontal plane and faces downwardly, backwardly, and at an acute angle relative to a vertical plane.
  • the bending finger 80 engages the extending length 20 a at the camming surface 82.
  • the bending finger 80 bends the extending length 20 a downwardly at an acute angle (about 20°) relative to the clamping axis as the cutting jaws 70, 72, are closed partly.
  • the cutting jaw 70 has tapered cutting edges 90.
  • the cutting jaw 72 has tapered cutting edges 92.
  • the cutting edges 90, 92 are complementary and are adapted to cut a leading portion 20 b from the bent length 20 a , to form a conventional, four-faceted, pointed end 16 on the bent length 20 a , and to leave a bent stub 20 c of a predetermined length extending from the clamping mechanism as the cutting jaws 70, 72, are closed fully.
  • the cutting edges 90, 92 are similar to tapered cutting edges of known cutting jaws, such as the cutting jaws replaced by the cutting jaws 70, 72, except that the cutting edges 90, 92, are oriented so as to cut the wire 20 with the wire 20 extending at the acute angle noted above (about 20°) relative to the clamping axis, rather than axially.
  • the cutters 70, 72 are moveable transversely in a region spaced by a predetermined distance from the clamping mechanism so that the bent stub 20 c has a volume equal approximately to the volume of the head-forming cavity 50. Optimally, the bent stub 20 c has a volume sufficient to form a nail head.
  • the bent stub 20 c tends to rebound slightly so as to extend downwardly from the clamping mechanism at a slightly smaller angle (about 18°) relative to the clamping axis, because of inherent resiliency of the wire 20.
  • the punch 26, which is made from tool steel, is moveable along the axis defined by the cavity 60, toward and away from the front faces 54, 58, of the clamping jaws 30, 32.
  • the punch 26 has a flat face 96 extending beyond the margin 60 in all radial directions from the same axis.
  • the nail-making machine incorporating the apparatus 10 has a mechanism M d for moving the punch 26 along the same axis, toward and away from the jaw faces 54, 58, as the mechanism M d would be ordinarily used to move a punch in the nail-making machine.
  • the clamping jaws 30, 32 are closed with the wire 20 within the longitudinal grooves 34, 38, so that the predetermined length 20 a of the wire 20 extends axially from the clamping mechanism.
  • the cutting jaws 70, 72 are closed partly so that the extending length 20 a of the clamped wire 20 is bent by the bending finger 80 at an acute angle (about 20°) relative to the clamping axis defined by the clamping mechanism 22.
  • the cutting jaws 70, 72 are closed fully so that the leading portion 20 b is cut from the bent length 20 a , and so that a bent stub 20 c extending from the clamping mechanism is left.
  • a four-faceted, pointed end 16 is formed on the leading portion 20 b as and where the leading portion 20 b is cut therefrom.
  • the punch 26 is moved so as to press the bent stub 20 c of the clamped wire 20 into the head-forming cavity 50 with the punch face 96, and so as to deform the stub 20 c as the stub 20 c is pressed thereinto.
  • the stub 20 c is deformed so as to fill the cavity 50, and so as to form a radially offset, circular nail head 18 on the clamped wire 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP93100234A 1992-02-07 1993-01-09 Method and apparatus for making wire nails having radially offset, fully circular heads Expired - Lifetime EP0554665B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/832,802 US5195931A (en) 1992-02-07 1992-02-07 Method and apparatus for making wire nails having radially offset, fully circular heads
US832802 1992-02-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0554665A1 EP0554665A1 (en) 1993-08-11
EP0554665B1 true EP0554665B1 (en) 1995-12-13

Family

ID=25262657

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93100234A Expired - Lifetime EP0554665B1 (en) 1992-02-07 1993-01-09 Method and apparatus for making wire nails having radially offset, fully circular heads

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5195931A (es)
EP (1) EP0554665B1 (es)
JP (1) JPH0734956B2 (es)
AT (1) ATE131425T1 (es)
AU (1) AU654422B2 (es)
BR (1) BR9300321A (es)
CA (1) CA2086214C (es)
DE (1) DE69300981T2 (es)
DK (1) DK0554665T3 (es)
ES (1) ES2083780T3 (es)
MX (1) MX9300129A (es)
NZ (1) NZ245852A (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010011735B3 (de) * 2010-03-17 2011-07-28 Wafios AG, 72764 Anordnung zum Ablängen von Nagelrohlingen von einem intermittierend zugeführten Draht

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020068594A (ko) * 2001-02-21 2002-08-28 송귀호 록크핀의 키홈 성형방법
US6780116B2 (en) * 2001-08-13 2004-08-24 Kennametal Inc. Wear resistant nail manufacturing tool inserts
ZA200203688B (en) * 2001-09-13 2003-11-10 Minova Int Ltd Roof bolts for use in mines, a method for their production and method for their installation.
US7014407B2 (en) * 2002-05-23 2006-03-21 Stanley Fastening Systems, L.P. Full-round, offset-head nail
US6676528B1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-01-13 Enkotec A/S Tool for the manufacture of an offset head nail and a use of said tool
US8920094B2 (en) * 2008-07-18 2014-12-30 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Apparatus and method of making an offset nail
US8100618B2 (en) * 2008-07-18 2012-01-24 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Apparatus and method of making a heel-less nail

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US521571A (en) * 1894-06-19 Method of making spikes
US248640A (en) * 1881-10-25 Cut-nail machine
US343839A (en) * 1886-06-15 Machine for making spikes
US1187472A (en) * 1912-09-21 1916-06-13 West Coast Roofing And Mfg Company Machine for making roofing-nails.
US1078147A (en) * 1912-11-08 1913-11-11 Julius Garst Nail making and driving machine.
US1103659A (en) * 1913-07-23 1914-07-14 Champion Rivet Company Machine for heading bolts and rivets.
US1774915A (en) * 1928-01-04 1930-09-02 Bliss E W Co Machine for making spikes
US2903720A (en) * 1955-04-05 1959-09-15 United Shoe Machinery Corp Method and apparatus for cutting double ended nails from wire stock
DK143935C (da) * 1978-02-23 1982-04-19 Nordiske Kabel Traad Maskine til fremstilling af hoveder paa et skaft,saasom soem eller skruer
US4342127A (en) * 1980-08-28 1982-08-03 Azcon Corporation Apparatus for forming railroad spikes and the like

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010011735B3 (de) * 2010-03-17 2011-07-28 Wafios AG, 72764 Anordnung zum Ablängen von Nagelrohlingen von einem intermittierend zugeführten Draht

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0554665A1 (en) 1993-08-11
NZ245852A (en) 1995-09-26
CA2086214A1 (en) 1993-08-08
AU3100993A (en) 1993-08-26
ES2083780T3 (es) 1996-04-16
DK0554665T3 (da) 1996-03-04
AU654422B2 (en) 1994-11-03
ATE131425T1 (de) 1995-12-15
CA2086214C (en) 1998-09-15
MX9300129A (es) 1994-07-29
BR9300321A (pt) 1993-08-10
DE69300981T2 (de) 1996-08-01
JPH0734956B2 (ja) 1995-04-19
DE69300981D1 (de) 1996-01-25
US5195931A (en) 1993-03-23
JPH06570A (ja) 1994-01-11

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