EP0553632B1 - Commande d'un four industriel - Google Patents

Commande d'un four industriel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0553632B1
EP0553632B1 EP93100347A EP93100347A EP0553632B1 EP 0553632 B1 EP0553632 B1 EP 0553632B1 EP 93100347 A EP93100347 A EP 93100347A EP 93100347 A EP93100347 A EP 93100347A EP 0553632 B1 EP0553632 B1 EP 0553632B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
furnace
exhaust
oxygen
temperature
industrial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93100347A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0553632A2 (fr
EP0553632A3 (fr
Inventor
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Lissack
Eberhard Lohse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0553632A2 publication Critical patent/EP0553632A2/fr
Publication of EP0553632A3 publication Critical patent/EP0553632A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0553632B1 publication Critical patent/EP0553632B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • F27D2019/0018—Monitoring the temperature of the atmosphere of the kiln
    • F27D2019/0021—Monitoring the temperature of the exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation
    • F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
    • F27D2019/004—Fuel quantity
    • F27D2019/0043—Amount of air or O2 to the burner

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating industrial furnaces, the exhaust gases of which are burned in the exhaust pipe.
  • burner-heated melting furnaces are very often used. If, for example, cast iron is melted in a rotary drum furnace, a batch of approx. 2 to 10 t is heated to a tapping temperature of approx.
  • the rotary drum furnaces are usually heated by burners which are located on the front of the furnace and whose flame extends into the interior of the furnace. Through an opening, which is usually located on the opposite side of the burner, the exhaust gases escape from the furnace through a pipe to the chimney.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to develop an improved method for operating industrial furnaces, the exhaust gases of which are burned in the exhaust gas line, by which the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided and, in particular, more energy-efficient furnace operation is made possible and the thermal load on the exhaust gas filters is reduced.
  • This object is achieved in that the temperature of the exhaust gas after combustion in the exhaust pipe is continuously measured and the oxygen content in the atmosphere of the industrial furnace is increased when a predetermined target value of the measured exhaust gas temperature is exceeded.
  • the measured temperature of the exhaust gas at one point in the pipe to the chimney can thus be equated with the relative CO content in the furnace atmosphere (if the H 2 content is neglected). This results in a simple and maintenance-free method for continuously monitoring the CO content inside the furnace.
  • the invention now enables for the first time the advantageous possibility of controlled combustion of the carbon monoxide released in the atmosphere of industrial furnaces. All processes in which carbon monoxide (and hydrogen) is generated in the furnace atmosphere and which is subsequently burned in the exhaust gas are considered. For the controlled combustion of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the oxygen content in the atmosphere of the industrial furnace is increased when a predetermined target value of the measured exhaust gas temperature is exceeded.
  • the proportion of oxygen in the furnace atmosphere can be increased by direct injection into the interior of the furnace, for example via lances of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas.
  • the oxygen can advantageously be directly be fed to the inside of the furnace via the burner. If the measured flue gas temperature exceeds the specified target value, additional oxygen is introduced into the interior of the furnace through a corresponding control system until the flue gas temperature falls below the target value again.
  • the amount of fuel that is fed to the burners can advantageously be reduced while the oxygen supply is kept constant, even if the predetermined target value of the measured exhaust gas temperature is exceeded. This results in direct fuel savings when firing the industrial furnace.
  • the suitable setpoint temperature is usefully determined by a test when the industrial furnace is started up for the first time.
  • a thermocouple can be introduced into the exhaust pipe, for example, behind the last supply opening for air or for another oxidizing agent. Then the temperature of the exhaust gas burning with the air or the oxidizing agent is determined. The respective temperature corresponds to the relative CO content plus the H 2 content inside the furnace.
  • a setpoint in the range of 120 to 650 ° C is selected. When melting cast iron, it is around 150 to 250 ° C due to the maximum temperature for the downstream filter system, depending on the pipe length of the flue gas pipes connected to the thermocouple.
  • the single drawing shows schematically a rotary drum furnace 1, the burner 2 that heats it, the lines 3 and 4 supplying the burner with oxygen and fuel, the exhaust pipe 10 and the air gaps 6 and 7 located therein. Behind the last air gap 7, a thermocouple 8 is arranged in the interior of the exhaust pipe 10, which is connected to the transducer 9.
  • the carbon contained in the feed is partially oxidized to carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide during melting by the oxygen in the furnace atmosphere, so that carburizing agents have to be added to the feed to compensate for the loss of carbon.
  • measurements of the CO content in the dry flue gas give maximum values of 35% carbon monoxide in the flue gas directly on the front of the furnace.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas burning with air in the exhaust gas line 10 is measured by means of the thermocouple 8 and the transducer 9.
  • setpoint temperatures 150 ° C to 250 ° C are useful.
  • a setpoint temperature of 230 ° C is set on the controller (not shown). This controller is connected to a control valve in the O 2 supply line 3 to the burner 2.
  • the proportion of oxygen in the atmosphere of the furnace 1 is increased according to the invention. This is achieved by over-stoichiometric combustion of the fuel-oxygen mixture in furnace 1.
  • the oxygen supply to burner 2 increases. so that the carbon monoxide can be completely oxidized to carbon dioxide (and the hydrogen burns).
  • the energy thus far released in the exhaust gas line 10 is already released in the furnace 1 by the method according to the invention. As a result, the exhaust gas temperature drops and the control loop in turn lowers the oxygen supply to burner 2.
  • the CO combustion in rotary drum furnace 1 controlled according to the invention has several advantages:
  • the released combustion energy of the carbon monoxide can still be used in furnace 1.
  • the amount of oxygen supplied to furnace 1 is also throttled, so that burn-off of alloying elements is prevented.
  • the exhaust gas temperature is lower during the entire operation of the rotary drum furnace 1, so that the filters are no longer thermally overloaded.
  • the exhaust gas volume becomes lower since the carbon monoxide in the furnace 1 is burned with oxygen instead of air in the exhaust pipes 10.
  • the method according to the invention uses a simple temperature measurement to determine the relative carbon monoxide content in the furnace instead of the gas analysis of the furnace atmosphere, which is difficult to master technically.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé pour l'exploitation de fours industriels, dont les gaz de rejet sont brûlés dans une conduite de gaz de rejet, caractérisé en ce que la température du gaz de rejet après la combustion dans la conduite de gaz de rejet est mesurée en continu et en ce que, en cas de dépassement d'une valeur-consigne prédéterminée de la température mesurée du gaz de rejet, l'on augmente la teneur en oxygène dans l'atmosphère du four industriel (1).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, en cas de dépassement d'une valeur-consigne prédéterminée de la température mesurée du gaz de rejet, l'on introduit dans l'atmosphère du four industriel (1) un gas contenant de l'oxygène ou de l'oxygène pur.
  3. Procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2 pour des fours industriels, qui sont chauffés à l'aide de brûleurs oxygène-combustible, caractérisé en ce que, en cas de dépassement d'une valeur-consigne prédéterminée de la température mesurée du gaz de rejet, l'on augmente la quantité d'oxygène, qui est acheminée aux brûleurs (2).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, pour des fours industriels, qui sont chauffés à l'aide de brûleurs oxygène-combustible, caractérisé en ce que, en cas de dépassement d'une valeur-consigne prédéterminée de la température mesurée du gaz de rejet, l'on réduit la quantité de combustible qui est acheminée aux brûleurs (2).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 pour des fours industriels destinés à la fusion de la fonte de fer, caractérisé en ce que la valeur-consigne de la température mesurée du gaz de rejet est choisie de préférence dans le domaine de 150 à 250°C.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les gaz de rejet du four industriel (1) sont brûlés à l'aide de l'air qui pénètre dans la conduite de gaz de rejet (10).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les gaz de rejet du four industriel (1) sont brûlés à l'aide d'un agent d'oxydation qui est injecté dans la conduite de gaz de rejet (10).
EP93100347A 1992-01-31 1993-01-12 Commande d'un four industriel Expired - Lifetime EP0553632B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4202827A DE4202827A1 (de) 1992-01-31 1992-01-31 Geregelter betrieb von industrieoefen
DE4202827 1992-01-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0553632A2 EP0553632A2 (fr) 1993-08-04
EP0553632A3 EP0553632A3 (fr) 1994-01-05
EP0553632B1 true EP0553632B1 (fr) 1996-11-27

Family

ID=6450725

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93100347A Expired - Lifetime EP0553632B1 (fr) 1992-01-31 1993-01-12 Commande d'un four industriel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0553632B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE145723T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ289075B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE4202827A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2094384T3 (fr)
HU (1) HU216008B (fr)
SK (1) SK283426B6 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2159525A1 (fr) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-03 Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH Procédé de fonctionnement d'un four ainsi que dispositif destiné à l'exécution du procédé
EP2561295B1 (fr) 2010-04-23 2018-05-16 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Four à flamme et procédé de régulation de la combustion dans un four à flamme

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2114388B1 (es) * 1994-06-16 1998-12-16 Del Oxigeno S A Soc Esp Procedimiento para la fusion de metales en hornos rotativos y horno de fusion rotativo para la aplicacion de este procedimiento.
ES2130974B1 (es) * 1997-01-29 1999-12-16 Fundacion Inasmet Sistema para la mejora energetica en un horno rotativo de fusion por oxicombustion para la fabricacion de fundicion de hierro.
FR2777075B1 (fr) * 1998-04-02 2000-05-19 Air Liquide Procede de conduite d'un four et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
DE10114179A1 (de) * 2001-03-23 2002-09-26 Linde Ag Vorrichtung zum Einschmelzen von Aluminiumschrott
DE202008001480U1 (de) * 2008-01-09 2008-05-15 Sug Schmelz- Und Giessanlagen Gmbh & Co. Kg Drehtrommelofen zur Schmelzgewinnung von Schwermetall
EP2664884B1 (fr) 2012-05-18 2019-08-07 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Procédé et appareil pour chauffer des métaux
EP4033149A1 (fr) * 2021-01-22 2022-07-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Surveillance de matières combustibles dans un flux gazeux

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1375179A (fr) * 1962-10-04 1964-10-16 Huettenwerk Oberhausen Ag Procédé et dispositif de mesure de la teneur en co des gaz de combustion dans l'affinage au vent de l'acier, notamment pour la surveillance de la marche de la décarburation
US3653650A (en) * 1968-12-27 1972-04-04 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Method of controlling the exhaust gas flow volume in an oxygen top-blowing converter
DE4026414A1 (de) * 1990-08-21 1992-02-27 Linde Ag Verfahren zur verringerung von schadstoffen in den abgasen brennerbefeuerter schmelzoefen

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2159525A1 (fr) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-03 Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH Procédé de fonctionnement d'un four ainsi que dispositif destiné à l'exécution du procédé
WO2010022964A1 (fr) * 2008-08-29 2010-03-04 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Procédé de fonctionnement d’un four et dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé
RU2507461C2 (ru) * 2008-08-29 2014-02-20 Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод Способ эксплуатации печи, а также устройство для осуществления этого способа
EP2561295B1 (fr) 2010-04-23 2018-05-16 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Four à flamme et procédé de régulation de la combustion dans un four à flamme

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK367392A3 (en) 1994-05-11
EP0553632A2 (fr) 1993-08-04
HU216008B (hu) 1999-04-28
DE59304559D1 (de) 1997-01-09
HUT68734A (en) 1995-07-28
CZ367392A3 (en) 1993-08-11
ATE145723T1 (de) 1996-12-15
ES2094384T3 (es) 1997-01-16
DE4202827A1 (de) 1993-08-05
CZ289075B6 (cs) 2001-10-17
EP0553632A3 (fr) 1994-01-05
SK283426B6 (sk) 2003-07-01
HU9300215D0 (en) 1993-04-28

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