EP0550294B1 - Rohfabrikate grosser Länge für Herstellungsverfahren durch Kaltumformen, insbesondere für Kaltstauchen von formgebend bearbeitete Erzeugnisse wie Bolzen, und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser kaltgeformten Gegenstände - Google Patents
Rohfabrikate grosser Länge für Herstellungsverfahren durch Kaltumformen, insbesondere für Kaltstauchen von formgebend bearbeitete Erzeugnisse wie Bolzen, und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser kaltgeformten Gegenstände Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0550294B1 EP0550294B1 EP19920402902 EP92402902A EP0550294B1 EP 0550294 B1 EP0550294 B1 EP 0550294B1 EP 19920402902 EP19920402902 EP 19920402902 EP 92402902 A EP92402902 A EP 92402902A EP 0550294 B1 EP0550294 B1 EP 0550294B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wire
- cold
- mpa
- steel
- product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UDHXJZHVNHGCEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorophacinone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1=O UDHXJZHVNHGCEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000287107 Passer Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020303 café frappé Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a steel wire and an elaborate product, such as a bolt, from steel wire, and to the steel used, said elaborate product having a tensile strength greater than 1000 MPa and less than 1170 MPa and an elastic limit R e0.002 greater than 900 MPa.
- steel 38C4 is generally used (according to AFNOR standard) containing approximately 0.38% carbon and approximately 1% chromium.
- the steel is hot rolled to make a wire which is subjected to a globulation treatment to make it suitable for cold striking, it is drawn to give it the desired final diameter, then cutting of sections which are shaped by cold striking, the parts obtained are then hardened and returned and as the hardening treatment deforms the parts, the bolts are straightened.
- This technique has the disadvantage of comprising numerous operations, in particular two heat treatments, and of being expensive.
- 38C4 steel containing 1% chromium is expensive; in addition, it contains a high carbon content, which makes it relatively sensitive to the delayed rupture caused by hydrogen.
- the steel is hot rolled, it is optionally drawn, it is put into a crown and the crowns are subjected to a quenching and tempering treatment. Plots are sheared and shaped by cold striking; there is no need to heat treat or straighten the parts.
- This technique has the advantage of reducing the manufacturing operations, but on the one hand the steel used which is of the 38C4 type has the same drawbacks as in the previous technique and on the other hand the crown heat treatment leads to heterogeneities features along the wire; this results in dispersions of mechanical characteristics on the bolts.
- GB-A-1,193,995 discloses a high-strength steel containing, by weight, 0.003 to 0.18% C, 0.1 to 1.0% Si, 0.5 to 1.5% Mn, 0.05 to 5% Cr, 0.03 to 0.5% Mo, 0.0003 to 0.003% B, 0.04 to 0.25% Al and at least one element of the group comprising Nb (0.005 to 0 , 05%), Ti (0.005 to 0.10%) and Zr (0.005 to 0.10%), the total of Nb + Ti + Zr being less than 0.1% and the balance consisting of iron.
- the composition of the steel is adjusted to obtain good weldability and in no case in consideration of forming characteristics which may make it possible to envisage the manufacture of wires or products produced by cold stamping.
- US-A-4,537,644 also discloses a steel having a tensile strength greater than 1000 MPa, containing, by weight, 0.15 to 0.5% C, up to 1.5% Si, 0.20 to 1.5% Mn, up to 2% Cr, 0.0005% to 0.0030% B, 0.005% to 0.10% Al, up to 0.010% P, up to 0.0090 % N, 0.010% to 0.050% Ti, the balance being made up of iron. Steel can also contain up to 0.50% Mo.
- this steel is intended inter alia for the manufacture of high-strength bolts, its composition and its treatment are not optimized optically the manufacture of a wire by rolling and drawing and a bolt by cold striking.
- the object of the invention is to propose a long product such as a wire or a bar for cold forming, in particular by cold striking, of class 10.9, which makes it possible to eliminate the heat treatment on the parts, at the developed state, after cold forming, which has homogeneous characteristics over its entire length, which is economical and which has improved resistance to cracking by hydrogen.
- the sulfur content is limited to 0.015% at most but in the steels intended to produce parts which will be machined, the sulfur content can go up to 0.025%, because this element improves the machinability of the steels.
- Phosphorus is an embrittling element and its content must remain below 0.015%.
- the steel may contain nickel and molybdenum. These elements have a favorable effect on the hardenability and it is imposed that their contents are between 0.12% and 0.25% for nickel and between 0.04% and 0.15% (preferably 0.08%) for molybdenum.
- the steel is quenched with aluminum and contains low levels of this element. It also contains nitrogen introduced by the process.
- the steel which has just been defined is used in the form of a semi-finished product such as a billet which is rolled on a wire train to produce a wire with a diameter of for example between 5.5 mm and 18 mm .
- the rolled wire is then drawn to obtain the final diameter and a good surface condition; the diameter can be for example between 4.5 mm and 17.5 mm.
- the wire In the austenitization oven the wire is brought to a temperature above 900 ° C., a temperature at which it remains less than 5 min. This very short time has the advantage of not enlarging the austenitic grain, which makes it possible to obtain in the end a very fine structure favorable to good resistance to fatigue, good resilience and an aptitude for shaping. cold.
- the controlled atmosphere allows not to decarburize on the surface.
- the quenching is carried out with water containing polymers of the PAG or PVP type or with accelerated quenching oil.
- Water is used with additives or oil to avoid causing streaks on the wires.
- Tempering is carried out at a temperature between 450 ° C and 600 ° C.
- a wire is thus obtained, the structure of which is returned martensite possibly containing islands of returned bainite.
- This wire has a tensile strength Rm between 900 MPa and 1000 MPa, an elastic limit R e0.002 , greater than 850 MPa and a necking greater than 65%.
- the yarn thus obtained is of class 10.9; it has the advantage of not requiring heat treatment after cold stamping. As it was produced by a continuous process, it has very homogeneous characteristics over its entire length. As the chromium content is low, it is inexpensive. Thanks to its low carbon content, it has good resistance to cracking by hydrogen. Finally, this wire has a ductility at least as good as that of 38C4 globulated steel wires.
- the wire according to the invention exhibited limiting crushing rates of between 70% and 76% while the globulated 38C4 wire was limit crushing rates between 60% and 80% although its resistance is between 530 and 540 MPa only.
- This wire can be used for any type of shaping by cold deformation and to make any type of cold-worked part. It can for example be used in cold bending or in cold forging or in cold drawing.
- the heat treatment must be carried out continuously, but the austenitization oven can be replaced by an induction heating device.
- any type of continuous device can be used for quenching and for tempering.
- steel grade claimed can also be used to manufacture quenched quenched bars intended for cold deformation.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Claims (7)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stahldrahtes mit einer Zugfestigkeit zwischen 800 MPa und 1000 MPa und einer Elastizitätsgrenze Re0,002 von mehr als 850 MPa und einer Einschnürung von mehr als 65 %, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß- ein Halbfabrikat aus einem Stahl, dessen chemische Zusammensetzung in Gewichtsprozent enthält:0,15 % ≤ C ≤ 0,3 %1 % ≤ Mn ≤ 1,8 %Si ≤ 0,2 %S ≤ 0,03 %0,15 % ≤ Cr ≤ 0,5 %0,0005 % ≤ B ≤ 0,005 %0,01 % ≤ Ti ≤ 0,03 %gegebenenfalls 0,12 % ≤ Ni ≤ 0,25 %gegebenenfalls 0,04 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,15 %Rest Eisen und erzeugungsbedingte Verunreinigungen, vorgesehen wird,- das Halbfabrikat auf einem Drahtwalzwerk zu einem Walzdraht gewalzt wird,- der Walzdraht zu einem gezogenen Draht gezogen wird,- der gezogene Draht kontinuierlich in einen Austenitisierungsofen, dann in einen Härtungsbehälter, dann in eine Anlaßeinrichtung überführt wird, derart, daß er eine Vergütung erfährt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Austenitisierungsofen der gezogene Draht auf eine Temperatur von mehr als 900°C während einer Zeit von mehr als 5 min gebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haftung mit mit Polymeren des Typs PAG oder PVP versetztem Wasser oder mit Schnellabschrecköl erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Anlassen bei einer Temperatur zwischen 450°C und 600°C durch Überführen in einen Behälter erfolgt, welcher ein geschmolzenes Metall, wie etwa eine Bleilegierung, enthält.
- Verfahren nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stahl zwischen 0,12 % und 0,25 % Nickel enthält.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines fertigbearbeiteten Produkts, wie etwa eines Schraubbolzens, fertig bearbeitet durch Kaltverformung eines Langprodukts aus Stahl, mit einem Zugwiderstand von mehr als 1000 MPa und kleiner als 1170 MPa und einer Elastizitätsgrenze Re0,002 von mehr als 900 MPa, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß- ein gezogener Draht nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 vorgesehen wird,- ein Vorgang der Abdeckung des gezogenen Drahtes bewirkt wird,- das fertig bearbeitete Produkt durch Kaltschlagen ohne spätere Wärmebehandlung gebildet wird.
- Langprodukt aus Stahl, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß seine chemische Zusammensetzung, in Gewichtsprozent enthält:0,15 % ≤ C ≤ 0,3 %1 % ≤ Mn ≤ 1,8 %Si ≤ 0,2 %S ≤ 0,03 %0,15 % ≤ Cr ≤ 0,5 %0,12 % ≤ Ni ≤ 0,25 %gegebenenfalls 0,04 % ≤ Mo ≤ 0,15 %0,0005 % ≤ B ≤ 0,005 %0,01 % ≤ Ti ≤ 0,03 %Rest Eisen und herstellungsbedingte Verunreinigungen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9116310A FR2685708B1 (fr) | 1991-12-30 | 1991-12-30 | Produit long pour la fabrication par formage a froid, notamment par frappe a froid, de produits elabores tels que des boulons et procede de fabrication d'un produit a froid. |
FR9116310 | 1991-12-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0550294A1 EP0550294A1 (de) | 1993-07-07 |
EP0550294B1 true EP0550294B1 (de) | 1996-10-09 |
Family
ID=9420633
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19920402902 Expired - Lifetime EP0550294B1 (de) | 1991-12-30 | 1992-10-26 | Rohfabrikate grosser Länge für Herstellungsverfahren durch Kaltumformen, insbesondere für Kaltstauchen von formgebend bearbeitete Erzeugnisse wie Bolzen, und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser kaltgeformten Gegenstände |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0550294B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE69214421T2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2092656T3 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2685708B1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2719346B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-29 | 1996-06-07 | Regie Autonome Transports | Organe de fixation fileté en acier allié à haute résistance à la fatigue et procédé de fabrication d'un tel organe fileté. |
FR2756298B1 (fr) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-12-24 | Ascometal Sa | Acier et procede pour la fabrication d'une piece de mecanique ayant une structure bainitique |
FR2841947B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-05 | 2005-04-29 | Valmex | Vis en acier a tete creuse |
ES2293837B1 (es) * | 2006-07-31 | 2009-04-01 | Sidenor Industrial, S.L. | Proceso de fabricacion de un acero, y acero obtenido en este proceso. |
CN106566998B (zh) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-07-24 | 宝钢特钢韶关有限公司 | 一种CrMo系齿轮圆钢 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1193995A (en) * | 1966-08-08 | 1970-06-03 | Yawata Iron & Steel Co | Weldable Tough High-Tensile Steel Insensitive to Weld Cracking |
JPS5861219A (ja) * | 1981-09-28 | 1983-04-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | 耐遅れ破壊性にすぐれた高張力強靭鋼 |
GB2225022B (en) * | 1988-11-04 | 1993-04-14 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Rolling-part steel and rolling part employing same |
-
1991
- 1991-12-30 FR FR9116310A patent/FR2685708B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-10-26 ES ES92402902T patent/ES2092656T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-26 DE DE1992614421 patent/DE69214421T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-26 EP EP19920402902 patent/EP0550294B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2092656T3 (es) | 1996-12-01 |
DE69214421T2 (de) | 1997-05-28 |
FR2685708B1 (fr) | 1994-07-22 |
FR2685708A1 (fr) | 1993-07-02 |
DE69214421D1 (de) | 1996-11-14 |
EP0550294A1 (de) | 1993-07-07 |
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