EP2134882B1 - Mikrolegierter stahl mit guter beständigkeit gegenüber wasserstoff zur kaltumformung von maschinenteilen mit hohen eigenschaften - Google Patents

Mikrolegierter stahl mit guter beständigkeit gegenüber wasserstoff zur kaltumformung von maschinenteilen mit hohen eigenschaften Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2134882B1
EP2134882B1 EP08787931.8A EP08787931A EP2134882B1 EP 2134882 B1 EP2134882 B1 EP 2134882B1 EP 08787931 A EP08787931 A EP 08787931A EP 2134882 B1 EP2134882 B1 EP 2134882B1
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Prior art keywords
steel
hydrogen
mechanical
resistance
cold
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EP08787931.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2134882A2 (de
Inventor
Bernard Resiak
Mario Confente
René CATHIARD
Bernard Starck
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ArcelorMittal Gandrange SA
LISI Automotive SAS
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ArcelorMittal Gandrange SA
LISI Automotive SAS
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to micro-alloyed steels for the cold forming, particularly by striking, of assembly parts, such as screws, bolts, etc., which the automotive industry commonly uses for the assembly of engines or ground connections of rolling stock.
  • Micro-alloy steel grades for screws with very high mechanical properties (1300 MPa and more resistance) have already been proposed to improve their resistance to hydrogen. This is the case, for example, of the nuance described in the document USP 5,073,338 of December 1991 and wherein molybdenum is added in an amount up to 1% by weight with a minimum of 0.5%.
  • the document US 2003/150529 describes a bolt of high strength excellent in resistance to delayed fracture, the steel has a good resistance to embrittlement by hydrogen for forming mechanical parts very high strength.
  • Steel contains, in percentages by weight: 0.3-0.45% C, 0.35-1.5% Mo, 0.40-1.00% Mn, 0.5-1.5% Cr, 0.005 -0.030% Nb, 0.30-1.0% V, 0.005-0.030% Ti, S ⁇ 0.010%, P ⁇ 0.010%, Si ⁇ 0.10%, 0.010-0.100% Al, the remainder being iron and unavoidable impurities.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an economical micro-alloy steel, with a molybdenum content deliberately fixed for this purpose to less than 0.45% by weight, and having a good resistance to hydrogen, while achieving high mechanical characteristics on finished parts ready to use made from this steel.
  • the subject of the invention is a micro-alloyed steel with good resistance to hydrogen embrittlement for the cold forming of mechanical parts with high characteristics, characterized in that, in order to contain its weight content of molybdenum below 0.45%, its chemical composition, in addition to iron and the inevitable residual impurities resulting from the elaboration of steel, corresponds to the following analysis, given in percentages by weight: 0.3 ⁇ VS ⁇ % ⁇ 0.5 0.20 ⁇ MB ⁇ % ⁇ 0.45 0.4 ⁇ mn ⁇ % ⁇ 1.0 0.4 ⁇ Cr ⁇ % ⁇ 2.0 0.04 ⁇ Or ⁇ % ⁇ 0.8 0.02 ⁇ Nb ⁇ % ⁇ 0,045 0.03 ⁇ V ⁇ % ⁇ 0.30 0.02 ⁇ Ti ⁇ % ⁇ 0.05 ; with Ti > 3.5 NOT 0,003 ⁇ B ⁇ % 0.005 ⁇ % S ⁇ % ⁇ 0,015 P ⁇ % ⁇ 0,00
  • the subject of the invention is also a long rolled steel product (wire rod or rod) of microalloyed steel resulting from continuous casting in the form of billets or blooms and having a chemical composition in accordance with the analysis given above. in order to be able to present, after processing by cold forming and quenching and tempering heat treatment, a mechanical strength of 1200 to 1500 MPa and more, combined with good resistance to hydrogen.
  • the subject of the invention is also a ready-to-use mechanical part, formed cold, by striking in particular, and having high mechanical characteristics as well as good resistance to hydrogen, characterized in that it is micro-alloyed steel having the chemical composition given above and, preferably, produced from a long rolled steel product (bar or, more commonly, wire rod) from continuous casting in the form of billets or blooms.
  • said mechanical part is an assembly screw for assembly in the automotive industry.
  • the "ready-to-use" parts made with the steel grade according to the invention have in fact, without particular difficulties, a final ultimate strength of 1200 MPa, or even 1500 MPa (and even more, depending on the setting of the temperature that will be imposed for the final heat treatment), while initially displaying an intermediate resistance, at least half, or even a third only after a globularization annealing conducted preferentially just before the strike, for facilitate the work of this one
  • This optimized composition makes it possible to have a very good resistance to hydrogen at the same time as a final mechanical strength of the steel, once transformed into a ready-to-use hammer after final heat treatment, greater than 1200 MPa and can even exceed 1,500 MPa, while retaining the same way as usual to carry out this transformation.
  • the steel semi-finished product (bloom, or more generally, billet) is then hot-rolled in the austenitic range, according to the usual practice, until it is obtained.
  • a long rolled product ready for shipment to customers after cooling to ambient.
  • This long steel product is then in the form of bars, or more generally in the form of wire-wound machine for the selected applications.
  • the wire-machine is then transformed into screw by cold stamping, schematically in the following conventional manner:
  • the transformer receives the wire and after mechanical descaling (or chemical etching possibly followed by neutralization), it performs on the wire an annealing in a neutral atmosphere (under nitrogen for example).
  • the yarn is then defatted before undergoing a first drawing, called drawing-roughing, for which a preliminary surface coating is provided, typically phosphating and soaping. During this drawing, the diameter of the wire is reduced by about 30%.
  • the wire-blank obtained is then subjected to a globulization treatment which, by providing a temporary drop in its hardness (intermediate Rm to about 500 MPa), will facilitate its subsequent forming, when striking, preserving the tool.
  • This first heat treatment is followed by stripping, phosphating and soaping for a second drawing. This one is a finishing drawing, also called "final setting".
  • the diameter reduction is more modest than before, generally less than 10%.
  • the wire with a resistance temporarily weakened around 500 MPa, is then easily struck cold.
  • the obtained raw stamping screws are first dephosphated, then subjected to a final quenching and tempering heat treatment, as well as to a final rolling operation to give the thread its final appearance.
  • the rolling can be done either before the heat treatment or after.
  • the income can advantageously operate at temperatures higher than the usual practice, namely of the order of 400 ° C and more, without compromising the achievement of the ultimate ultimate strength expected for screws produced ready. in use, with a Rm of 1200 to 1500 MPa and more .. Of course, the higher the income will be at high temperature, the lower the final Rm will be.
  • the surface of the screws is then cleaned and coated with a layer of phosphates or, if appropriate, with any other suitable chemical or electrochemical coating.
  • Castings A and 42CD4 are known steel shades of the prior art. Castings B, C and D are examples of the steel grade according to the invention.
  • the known grade A comprises in particular a molybdenum content greater than 0.5% and the known grade 42CD4 does not contain niobium, vanadium, titanium or boron.
  • ⁇ (Z) expresses the necking: Tr (° C) Rm (MPa) ⁇ (Z) in% AT > 400 1538 ⁇ 5 B > 400 1532 ⁇ 5 VS > 400 1545 ⁇ 5 D > 400 1535 ⁇ 5 42CD4 > 400 1505 16.5
  • the second column, Tr indicates the tempering temperature after quenching of the final pieces.
  • the third column, Rm gives the tensile strength determined by pulling on standard specimens.
  • the grades of the invention B, C and D make it possible to obtain hydrogen withstand and strength results equivalent to the known grade A containing more than 0.5% molybdenum.
  • the known 42CD4 grade also containing little molybdenum, but containing no niobium, vanadium, boron or titanium, gives good results from a mechanical strength point of view, but does not offer a satisfactory performance at hydrogen.
  • microalloyed steel according to the invention is therefore remarkable in that it exhibits both good aptitude for cold mechanical deformation (forging or forging) and good resistance to hydrogen (breaking strength). delayed) and in that it makes it possible to obtain, after tempering and tempering heat treatment, ready-to-use mechanical parts having a very high breaking strength.
  • the steel grade of the invention is a raw material of choice for the industrial production of assembly parts with high mechanical properties required, such as screws for the automotive industry, when packaged in wire-machine or, more generally, in hot rolled long steel product resulting from continuous casting in the form of billets or blooms.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Mikrolegierter Stahl mit guter Beständigkeit gegen Versprödung durch Wasserstoff für das Kaltformen von mechanischen Teilen mit sehr hohen Eigenschaften, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass zum Halten seines Molybdän-Gewichtsanteils unterhalb von 0,45% seine chemische Zusammensetzung, abgesehen von Eisen und unvermeidbaren Restverunreinigungen, welche aus der Herstellung des Stahls resultieren, der folgenden Analyse, welche in Gewichtsprozent angegeben ist, entspricht: 0,3 ≦ C ⁢ % ≦ 0,5
    Figure imgb0034
     0,20 ≦ Mo ⁢ % < 0,45
    Figure imgb0035
     0,4 ≦ Mn ⁢ % ≦ 1,0
    Figure imgb0036
     0,4 ≦ Cr ⁢ % ≦ 2,0
    Figure imgb0037
     0,04 ≦ Ni ⁢ % ≦ 0,8
    Figure imgb0038
     0,02 ≦ Nb ⁢ % ≦ 0,045
    Figure imgb0039
     0,03 ≦ V ⁢ % ≦ 0,30
    Figure imgb0040
     0,02 ≦ Ti ⁢ % ≦ 0,05 , mit Ti > 3,5 N
    Figure imgb0041
     0,003 ≦ B ⁢ % ≦ 0,005 ⁢ %
    Figure imgb0042
     S ⁢ % ≦ 0,015
    Figure imgb0043
     P ⁢ % ≦ 0,015
    Figure imgb0044
     und optional 0,05 ≦ Si % ≦ 0,20; Al % ≦ 0,05 und N % ≦ 0,015.
  2. Stahl gemäß dem Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass er in der Form eines Stabs oder eines Walzdrahts vorliegt, welche warmgewalzt wurden und aus dem Strangguss in Form von Vorblöcken oder Knüppeln stammen.
  3. Walzdraht oder Stab aus Stahl, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass er aus mikrolegierten Stahl gemäß dem Anspruch 1, damit er dazu eingerichtet ist, durch Verarbeitung mittels Kaltformens und thermischer Behandlung durch Härten und Anlassen eine mechanische Festigkeit von 1200 bis 500 MPa und mehr aufzuweisen, verbunden mit einer guten Beständigkeit gegen Wasserstoff.
  4. Gebrauchsfertiges mechanisches Teil, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass es aus Kaltformen eines Walzdrahts gemäß dem Anspruch 3 hervorgeht.
  5. Gebrauchsfertiges mechanisches Teil, welches kaltgeformt ist und hohe mechanische Eigenschaften nebst einer Beständigkeit gegen Wasserstoff aufweist, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass es aus mikrolegiertem Stahl ist, welcher zum Halten seines Molybdän-Gewichtsanteils unterhalb von 0,45% eine chemische Zusammensetzung, abgesehen von Eisen und unvermeidbaren Restverunreinigungen, welche aus der Herstellung des Stahls resultieren, aufweist, welche der folgenden Analyse, welche in Gewichtsprozent angegeben ist, entspricht: 0,3 ≦ C ⁢ % ≦ 0,5
    Figure imgb0045
     0,20 ≦ Mo ⁢ % < 0,45
    Figure imgb0046
     0,4 ≦ Mn ⁢ % ≦ 1,0
    Figure imgb0047
     0,4 ≦ Cr ⁢ % ≦ 2,0
    Figure imgb0048
     0,04 ≦ Ni ⁢ % ≦ 0,8
    Figure imgb0049
     0,02 ≦ Nb ⁢ % ≦ 0,045
    Figure imgb0050
     0,03 ≦ V ⁢ % ≦ 0,30
    Figure imgb0051
     0,02 ≦ Ti % ≦ 0,05 , mit Ti > 3,5 N
    Figure imgb0052
     0,003 ≦ B ⁢ % ≦ 0,005 ⁢ %
    Figure imgb0053
     S % ≦ 0,015
    Figure imgb0054
     P % ≦ 0,015
    Figure imgb0055
     und optional 0,05 ≦ Si % ≦ 0,20; Al % ≦ 0,05 und N % ≦ 0,015.
  6. Mechanisches Teil gemäß dem Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass es eine Verbindungsschraube ist.
  7. Schraube gemäß dem Anspruch 6, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass sie Bestandteil von Verbindungen von Elementen von Motoren oder Bodenverbindungen von fahrenden Fahrzeugen, die durch die Automobilindustrie hergestellt werden, ist.
EP08787931.8A 2007-04-12 2008-04-09 Mikrolegierter stahl mit guter beständigkeit gegenüber wasserstoff zur kaltumformung von maschinenteilen mit hohen eigenschaften Active EP2134882B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0702666A FR2914929B1 (fr) 2007-04-12 2007-04-12 Acier a bonne tenue a l'hydrogene pour le formage de pieces mecaniques a tres hautes caracteristiques.
PCT/FR2008/000496 WO2008142275A2 (fr) 2007-04-12 2008-04-09 Acier micro-allié à bonne tenue à l'hydrogène pour le formage à froid de pièces mécaniques à hautes caractéristiques

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EP2134882A2 EP2134882A2 (de) 2009-12-23
EP2134882B1 true EP2134882B1 (de) 2019-10-30

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US (1) US9194018B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2134882B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5687898B2 (de)
KR (1) KR20090128547A (de)
CN (1) CN101688281B (de)
FR (1) FR2914929B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008142275A2 (de)

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RU2788982C1 (ru) * 2019-07-16 2023-01-26 Арселормиттал Стальная деталь и способ ее получения

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KR101051241B1 (ko) * 2010-08-30 2011-07-21 유니슨 주식회사 경도 균일성 및 기계적 강도가 우수한 금형강 제조 방법
EP2628807A1 (de) 2012-02-14 2013-08-21 Swiss Steel AG Vergütetes stiftartiges Verbindungselement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
CN105401072B (zh) * 2015-12-18 2018-01-02 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 含铌12.9级轨道交通移动装备用紧固件用钢及其热处理工艺
WO2021009543A1 (en) * 2019-07-16 2021-01-21 Arcelormittal Method for producing a steel part and steel part
EP4190934A1 (de) 2021-12-02 2023-06-07 KAMAX Holding GmbH & Co. KG Bauteil aus b-zr-legiertem stahl

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EP2134882A2 (de) 2009-12-23
KR20090128547A (ko) 2009-12-15
WO2008142275A4 (fr) 2009-03-05
FR2914929B1 (fr) 2010-10-29
WO2008142275A8 (fr) 2009-10-15
WO2008142275A2 (fr) 2008-11-27
CN101688281B (zh) 2012-11-21
US20100135745A1 (en) 2010-06-03
WO2008142275A3 (fr) 2009-01-22
JP2010523825A (ja) 2010-07-15
US9194018B2 (en) 2015-11-24
JP5687898B2 (ja) 2015-03-25
CN101688281A (zh) 2010-03-31
FR2914929A1 (fr) 2008-10-17

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