EP0549522A1 - Méthode de fonctionnement d'un générateur de vapeur à circulation forcée et générateur de vapeur à circulation forcée pour cela - Google Patents

Méthode de fonctionnement d'un générateur de vapeur à circulation forcée et générateur de vapeur à circulation forcée pour cela Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0549522A1
EP0549522A1 EP92810925A EP92810925A EP0549522A1 EP 0549522 A1 EP0549522 A1 EP 0549522A1 EP 92810925 A EP92810925 A EP 92810925A EP 92810925 A EP92810925 A EP 92810925A EP 0549522 A1 EP0549522 A1 EP 0549522A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam generator
economizer
water separator
water
measuring element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92810925A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0549522B1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Pietzonka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Management AG
Original Assignee
ABB Management AG
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Management AG, Sulzer AG, Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical ABB Management AG
Publication of EP0549522A1 publication Critical patent/EP0549522A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0549522B1 publication Critical patent/EP0549522B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/06—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B35/10—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type
    • F22B35/101—Control systems for steam boilers for steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type operating with superimposed recirculation during starting or low load periods, e.g. composite boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/008—Adaptations for flue gas purification in steam generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a fossil fuel-fired forced-flow steam generator with a feed pump, an economizer, an evaporator, a water separator and a start-up heat exchanger connected to the water outlet of the water separator, and at least one valve arranged downstream of the water outlet and influenced by the level in the water separator, while of the start-up operation of the steam generator, non-evaporated working fluid is separated in the water separator and fed to the starting-up heat exchanger, in which the working fluid transfers heat to the economizer.
  • the invention further relates to a forced-flow steam generator for carrying out the method.
  • the invention has for its object to change the operating method of the type mentioned so that the start-up heat exchanger can be used to influence the flue gas temperature in the presence of a catalytic denitrification system.
  • this object is achieved in that, in the presence of a catalytic denitrification system downstream of the economizer and in a load range of the steam generator between the start-up mode and the full load is fed to the start-up heat exchanger steam from the water separator.
  • steam is fed into the start-up heat exchanger, heat is also transferred to the feed water flowing to the economiser in the load area above the start-up mode or the low load, thus preventing the flue gas temperature from dropping below the minimum value required for the catalytic system.
  • an apparatus that is already present in the steam generation system, namely the start-up heat exchanger is used for a new additional purpose. At the same time, it is no longer necessary to install a feed water bypass or a flue gas bypass with the associated actuators on the economiser.
  • a feed water tank 1 is provided, to which a feed water line 2 is connected, which leads to an economizer 3 of the steam generator.
  • a feed pump 4, a feed control valve 5 and a bypass valve 6 are arranged in the feed water line 2.
  • Feedwater side connected in series to the economizer 3 are an evaporator 7, a water separator 8 and at least one superheater 9.
  • a steam line 10 is connected, which leads to a steam turbine system, not shown, in which the steam generated relaxes work and then in is condensed.
  • the condensate is returned to the feed water tank 1 via a condensate line 11.
  • the evaporator 7 and the superheater 9 are accommodated in a combustion chamber 12 which is provided in the lower area with a furnace 13 which, in a known, not shown manner, is a fossil fuel, e.g. Coal dust, and combustion air is supplied.
  • a flue gas flue 14 is connected to the upper end of the combustion chamber 12, in which contact heating surfaces, not shown, such as further superheaters and / or reheaters, and the economizer 3 are arranged.
  • a gas line 16 connects to the denitrification plant and leads the cleaned flue gas to a chimney, not shown.
  • a line 20 is connected which leads via a check valve 21 to a start-up heat exchanger 22 and which then a control valve 23 opens into the feed water tank 1.
  • the start-up heat exchanger 22 is connected on the secondary side to the feed water line 2, specifically via a line 17 branching between the feed control valve 5 and the bypass valve 6 from the line 2 and via a line 18 opening into the line 2 between the bypass valve 6 and the economizer 3 the line 20 branches off between the water outlet of the separator 8 and the non-return valve 21, a line 24 with valve 25, which leads to the already mentioned, not shown condenser or a start-up vessel.
  • the water separator 8 has a level measuring element 30, which generates a signal representing the level, which is fed via a controller 31 to a first input 27 of a switching element 32.
  • a temperature measuring element 33 is provided near the inlet of the economizer 3 and generates a signal representing the feed water temperature, which signal is fed to a second input 28 of the switching element 32 via a controller 34.
  • An output 29 of the switching element 32 is connected to the control valve 23.
  • a signal line 35 is connected to the switching element 32, via which a signal is fed which actuates the switching element so that, depending on the operating state of the steam generator, it assumes a neutral middle position between the two inputs 27 and 28 or its output 29 optionally with one of the two inputs 27, 28 connects.
  • the signal in line 35 can be a load-dependent signal that comes from a load generator, but it can also be a temperature difference signal that is formed from the steam temperature at the inlet of water separator 8 and the saturation temperature of the steam at the associated water separator pressure. It is also possible to supply a signal via line 35 that forms a limit temperature for the flue gas between the economizer 3 and the denitrification system 15.
  • the controllers 31 and 34 can each have a P, PI or PID character.
  • the steam generator shown in Figure 1 is operated as follows. At full load of the steam generator, a feed water quantity corresponding to the steam quantity to be generated is fed to the steam generator by means of the feed pump 4, it being preheated in the economizer 3, evaporated in the evaporator 7 and overheated in the superheater 9.
  • the bypass valve 6 is open and there is no heat transfer in the start-up heat exchanger 22 because the control valve 23 is in the closed position, because the changeover element 32 is in the neutral position.
  • the water separator 8 is flowed through by slightly superheated steam.
  • the flue gas temperature drops behind the economizer 3 and - without using the method according to the invention - would fall below the minimum temperature of 300 ° C. with a 45% load (dashed curve A).
  • curve B in FIG. 2 shows, the feed water inlet temperature also decreases as the load on the steam generator decreases.
  • the bypass valve 6 is at least partially closed at about 60% load of the steam generator and the switching element 32 is switched from its neutral position to the second input 28, so that the signal from the temperature measuring element 33 is sent via the controller 34 to the switching element 32 arrives, which forwards an opening command for the control valve 23.
  • the switching element 32 is switched to its first input 27 with the aid of the signal in line 35, so that the level measurement signal now acts on the control valve 23 via the controller 31 and the known low-load or starting method takes place.
  • Saturated water from the evaporator 7 enters the water separator 8 and water separated there arrives via the line 20 to the start-up heat exchanger 22. The heat contained in the separated water is then transferred to the feed water.
  • a line 20 ′ branches from the line 20 connected to the water outlet of the water separator 8 below the start-up heat exchanger 22, which bypasses the control valve 23 and also opens into the feed water tank 1.
  • a control valve 23 ' is arranged in line 20', which is dimensioned somewhat smaller than the control valve 23.
  • the control valve 23 is directly influenced by the level control signal coming from the controller 31, whereas the control valve 23 'is directly influenced by the temperature signal coming from the controller 34. In this arrangement, the switching element 32 is therefore omitted. Otherwise, the method according to the invention with the modified arrangement according to FIG. 3 proceeds in the same way as described for FIG then the control valve 23 is open.
  • This valve closes when the separator 8 is run dry, that is, through which slightly superheated steam flows.
  • the control valve 23 ' In the flue gas temperature range of 300 ° C, the control valve 23 'is opened, depending on the feed water temperature at the inlet of the economizer 3. Above 60% load, the valve 23' is closed.
  • the method according to the invention can also be modified in such a way that the smoke gas temperature is measured instead of the feed water temperature measurement with the aid of the measuring element 33 or in addition, at one or more points of the smoke gas channel 14 between the economizer 3 and the denitrification system 15.
  • the smoke gas temperature measurement signal then acts the controller 34 to the control valve 23 (circuit according to FIG. 1) or the control valve 23 '(circuit according to FIG. 3). If both the feed water temperature and the flue gas temperature are measured, this forms a reference value for the flue gas temperature.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used for so-called drum boilers in which the steam is produced the natural circulation principle takes place.
  • the separator then corresponds to the steam / water drum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
EP19920810925 1991-12-23 1992-11-27 Méthode de fonctionnement d'un générateur de vapeur à circulation forcée et générateur de vapeur à circulation forcée pour cela Expired - Lifetime EP0549522B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3835/91 1991-12-23
CH383591 1991-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0549522A1 true EP0549522A1 (fr) 1993-06-30
EP0549522B1 EP0549522B1 (fr) 1996-05-08

Family

ID=4264495

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920810925 Expired - Lifetime EP0549522B1 (fr) 1991-12-23 1992-11-27 Méthode de fonctionnement d'un générateur de vapeur à circulation forcée et générateur de vapeur à circulation forcée pour cela

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0549522B1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ282894B6 (fr)
DE (1) DE59206233D1 (fr)
PL (1) PL170179B1 (fr)
SK (1) SK374492A3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1684011A1 (fr) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-26 Son S.R.L. Générateur de vapeur
WO2009101075A2 (fr) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de mise en marche d'un générateur de vapeur à fonctionnement continu

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1344736A (fr) * 1963-01-21 1963-11-29 Sulzer Ag Procédé de mise en marche d'une centrale de force à vapeur
DE1915583B1 (de) * 1969-03-27 1970-04-23 Neckarwerke Elek Zitaetsversor Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Dampfaustrittstemperatur bei einem Zwangdurchlauf-Dampferzeuger mit beim Anfahren und bei Teillast ueberlagerter Umwaelzung
FR2360045A1 (fr) * 1976-07-27 1978-02-24 Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co Chaudiere comportant un appareil de denitration
US4099384A (en) * 1975-01-02 1978-07-11 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Integral separator start-up system for a vapor generator with constant pressure furnace circuitry
DE3344712C1 (de) * 1983-12-10 1985-04-18 Balcke-Dürr AG, 4030 Ratingen Dampferzeuger
DE3616095A1 (de) * 1985-05-21 1986-11-27 Burmeister & Wain Energi A/S, Virum Dampferzeuger mit katalytischer rauchgasbehandlung und verfahren beim betrieb des dampferzeugers
DE3625062A1 (de) * 1986-07-24 1988-02-04 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Dampferzeuger mit nachgeschalteter katalytischer gasreinigung und mit ueberlagertem zwangsumlauf

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1344736A (fr) * 1963-01-21 1963-11-29 Sulzer Ag Procédé de mise en marche d'une centrale de force à vapeur
DE1915583B1 (de) * 1969-03-27 1970-04-23 Neckarwerke Elek Zitaetsversor Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Dampfaustrittstemperatur bei einem Zwangdurchlauf-Dampferzeuger mit beim Anfahren und bei Teillast ueberlagerter Umwaelzung
US4099384A (en) * 1975-01-02 1978-07-11 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Integral separator start-up system for a vapor generator with constant pressure furnace circuitry
FR2360045A1 (fr) * 1976-07-27 1978-02-24 Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co Chaudiere comportant un appareil de denitration
DE3344712C1 (de) * 1983-12-10 1985-04-18 Balcke-Dürr AG, 4030 Ratingen Dampferzeuger
DE3616095A1 (de) * 1985-05-21 1986-11-27 Burmeister & Wain Energi A/S, Virum Dampferzeuger mit katalytischer rauchgasbehandlung und verfahren beim betrieb des dampferzeugers
DE3625062A1 (de) * 1986-07-24 1988-02-04 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Dampferzeuger mit nachgeschalteter katalytischer gasreinigung und mit ueberlagertem zwangsumlauf

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1684011A1 (fr) * 2004-12-29 2006-07-26 Son S.R.L. Générateur de vapeur
WO2009101075A2 (fr) * 2008-02-15 2009-08-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de mise en marche d'un générateur de vapeur à fonctionnement continu
EP2119880A1 (fr) * 2008-02-15 2009-11-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé destiné à démarrer une chaudière à vapeur
WO2009101075A3 (fr) * 2008-02-15 2009-12-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de mise en marche d'un générateur de vapeur à fonctionnement continu
US9810101B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2017-11-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for starting a continuous steam generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL297019A1 (en) 1993-09-20
CZ374492A3 (en) 1993-07-14
EP0549522B1 (fr) 1996-05-08
PL170179B1 (pl) 1996-11-29
CZ282894B6 (cs) 1997-11-12
DE59206233D1 (de) 1996-06-13
SK374492A3 (en) 1994-04-06

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