EP0548732B1 - Disjoncteur à courant de défaut - Google Patents

Disjoncteur à courant de défaut Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0548732B1
EP0548732B1 EP92121254A EP92121254A EP0548732B1 EP 0548732 B1 EP0548732 B1 EP 0548732B1 EP 92121254 A EP92121254 A EP 92121254A EP 92121254 A EP92121254 A EP 92121254A EP 0548732 B1 EP0548732 B1 EP 0548732B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
signal
supply
earth leakage
contact points
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92121254A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0548732A3 (fr
EP0548732A2 (fr
Inventor
Erhard Runtsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Patent GmbH
Original Assignee
ABB Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Patent GmbH filed Critical ABB Patent GmbH
Publication of EP0548732A2 publication Critical patent/EP0548732A2/fr
Publication of EP0548732A3 publication Critical patent/EP0548732A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0548732B1 publication Critical patent/EP0548732B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/127—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release using piezoelectric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive trip units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H57/00—Electrostrictive relays; Piezoelectric relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/14—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by imbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection
    • H01H83/144—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by imbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection with differential transformer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a residual current circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • two-pole residual current circuit breakers detect a residual current in the AC circuit via a summation current transformer, which compensates for the permanent flux in a permanently magnetically biased magnetic circuit via a secondary winding assigned to the summation current transformer and releases an armature biased by a spring force that travels a certain tripping path, unlatches the circuit of the residual current circuit breaker and the main contacts opens.
  • the permanently magnetically biased magnetic circuit is usually a U-shaped trigger, which has a permanent magnet and an armature, the permanent magnet holding the armature on the yoke until a fault current occurs and generates a magnetic flux which counteracts the permanent flux generated by the permanent magnet , so that a preloaded spring releases the anchor from the yoke.
  • the trigger can only be biased with a correspondingly low energy, and a slight increase in the adhesive forces at the armature contact point in the air gap can lead to zero sticking of the armature, even with compensated magnetic flux, so that tripping is omitted and the faulty situation in the operating circuit remains.
  • a residual current circuit breaker of the type mentioned at the outset has become known from EP 0 285 594 A1.
  • the trip device described there is a common residual current trip device, in which the problems mentioned above can arise.
  • a quick switch has become known from EP 0 412 401 A2, which has a switching lock with a latching point, on which a piezo element acts.
  • the latching point is formed by two balls pressed resiliently against one another, the movement of which is transmitted to a movable contact piece.
  • the switch located here is not a residual current circuit breaker, the problem of the energy required to actuate the latching point is also not addressed in more detail.
  • a residual current circuit breaker has become known from US Pat. No. 4,042,967, in which the trigger element has a piezo element which closes a contact point, as a result of which a current flow is generated to an electromagnetic release which opens the contact points located in the forward and return conductor.
  • the electrical circuit and the arrangement of the individual elements are relatively complicated.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a residual current circuit breaker of the type mentioned, in which the trigger safely unlatches the latching of the switch lock with little effort and little space.
  • a switching element is provided in parallel to the secondary winding, which is connected to the electrostrictive element, which according to claim 2 as one-sided clamped bending strip or can be designed as a disc bender or as a linearly extending actuator, so that sufficient energy is supplied to the electrostrictive element.
  • the electrostrictive element is dimensioned and / or adjusted according to claim 3 so that it only responds from a certain permissible touch voltage.
  • the electrostrictive element which is a piezoceramic element, is a type of capacitor that is charged for triggering, but which must be discharged before each new application, i.e. before each new trigger. Accordingly, an advantageous embodiment of the invention is specified in claim 4. Thereafter, a switching element is arranged electrically parallel to the electrical connection points of the element, which closes already during the opening process of the contact points or at the latest during switching on (closing of the contact points), driven by the switch lock or by a coupling element between the switch lock and the contact points Short circuits at least briefly. The discharge is thus carried out by short-circuiting the connection points of the element by means of a switching element, which can take place when the switch goes into the off position or is switched on.
  • the switching element can be, for example, a wiping contact or the like.
  • Electrostrictive materials have the piezo effect; they are deflected when a certain voltage is applied. It will refer to the literature in this context "Physics in our time", 1976, page 48, the following is referred to, in which it is pointed out that so-called piezoelectric relays can be produced with piezo elements, in which a strip-shaped piezo element, at the free end of which there are contacts, under the effect of an omega -shaped spring and an electrical voltage moves the contact pieces from one fixed contact point to another fixed contact point and back again. Further applications of such piezo elements can be found, for example, in US Pat. No. 2,835,761 or DE-OS 29 12 734.
  • FIG. 1 shows a residual current circuit arrangement for a network 10 consisting of an outgoing line L and a return line N.
  • a network 10 consisting of an outgoing line L and a return line N.
  • the forward and return conductor is guided as a primary winding through a toroidal core converter 13, which also has a secondary winding 14 which is connected to a trigger designed as a piezo element 15.
  • the trigger 15 is preferably designed as a strip-shaped element which acts according to the dashed lines 16 on a switch lock 17 so that it is released and can open contact points 18 and 19 located in the network.
  • the operating voltage for the trigger 15 is sufficient; it must be approximately 50 volts.
  • the deflection of the trigger for direct action on the switch lock should be sufficiently large, the force for opening the switching mechanism also being sufficient.
  • the switching mechanism data such as the latching path and latching force are optimized, a smaller latching path and a higher latching force having to be achieved.
  • Such voltage doubler circuits are generally known.
  • FIG. 2 If the secondary-side voltage generated by the converter is insufficient, an embodiment as shown in FIG. 2 can be used.
  • the secondary winding is connected to a preferably permanently magnetically biased relay. From the power line L (outgoing line L), a line 21 leads to earth, in which a switch 22 and an element 23 corresponding to the element 15 is switched on. Normally, if there is no fault current, the switch 22 is open. If, due to a difference between the current in the outgoing conductor and return conductor, a secondary-side signal is present on the secondary winding 14, the relay 20 is actuated and the switch 22 is closed.
  • the element 23 which can be a strip or slide bender, which is sufficient in any case to achieve a suitable deflection of the element 23 for unlatching the switching lock 17.
  • the switch 22 can also be a thyristor, the gate of which is connected to the relay 20.
  • the piezo element 15 is a capacitor that is charged for tripping.
  • the piezo element must be discharged after each deflection process.
  • Figure 1 shows an arrangement of how this could be done.
  • the piezo element 15 is connected to the secondary winding 14 via a connection point 30 and 31.
  • a discharge circuit 32 in which a switching element 33 is located, is connected to the connection points 30 and 31.
  • the switching element 33 is electrically connected in parallel to the connection points 30 and 31. If the switching mechanism 17 is released, the unlatching process also acts on the switching element 33, so that it is closed when the switching element is switched off. This causes the piezo element 15 to discharge.
  • the discharge circuit is of course also to be provided in the piezo element 23 of FIG. 2.
  • the piezo element 23 is connected at one end to ground potential.
  • a residual current circuit breaker is snapped onto a top-hat rail in an installation system; this top-hat rail can serve as ground potential, and since only the voltage potential has to be present, such a "high-resistance connection" is sufficient.

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Disjoncteur à courant de défaut avec au moins un conducteur d'entrée et un conducteur de sortie (10) qui forment l'enroulement primaire d'un transformateur différentiel (13), l'enroulement secondaire (14) de celui-ci générant dans les conducteurs d'entrée et de sortie (10), en présence d'un courant de défaut, un signal de commande d'un déclencheur qui déclenche le mécanisme d'encliquetage d'un verrou de maintien (17), ouvrant ainsi des contacts (18, 19) situés dans les conducteurs d'entrée et de sortie (10), caractérisé par le fait le déclencheur comporte un élément (23) en matériau électrostrictif, dont une extrémité est montée stationnaire dans le disjoncteur et dont l'autre extrémité qui se déplace en présence d'un signal agit sur le mécanisme d'encliquetage et par le fait que le déclencheur comprend un interrupteur (20, 22) qui est commandé par le signal côté secondaire et est placé dans un tronçon de ligne (21) menant d'un conducteur d'entrée à l'élément (23) et, de là, à la terre, de sorte que, lors de l'apparition du signal côté secondaire, l'interrupteur (20, 22) soit fermé et amène la tension du réseau à l'élément (23).
  2. Disjoncteur à courant de défaut selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément (23) est une bande ou un disque sollicité flexion fixé à une extrémité ou un vérin à course linéaire, dont l'extrémité libre agit sur le mécanisme d'encliquetage.
  3. Disjoncteur à courant de défaut selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que le déclencheur (23) est dimensionné et/ou réglé de telle sorte qu'il ne réagisse qu'à partir d'une tension de contact admissible prédéterminée.
  4. Disjoncteur à courant de défaut selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu, en parallèle électriquement avec les bornes de connexion électrique de l'élément (23) en matériau électrostrictif, un élément de commutation (33) qui, mû par le verrou de maintien ou par un élément de couplage entre le verrou de maintien et les contacts, se ferme pendant le processus d'ouverture des contacts (18, 19) ou au plus tard pendant la commutation (fermeture des contacts) et court-circuite au moins brièvement les bornes de connexion de l'élément.
EP92121254A 1991-12-24 1992-12-14 Disjoncteur à courant de défaut Expired - Lifetime EP0548732B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4142969 1991-12-24
DE4142969A DE4142969A1 (de) 1991-12-24 1991-12-24 Fehlerstromschutzschalter

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0548732A2 EP0548732A2 (fr) 1993-06-30
EP0548732A3 EP0548732A3 (fr) 1994-01-26
EP0548732B1 true EP0548732B1 (fr) 1996-05-01

Family

ID=6448134

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92121254A Expired - Lifetime EP0548732B1 (fr) 1991-12-24 1992-12-14 Disjoncteur à courant de défaut

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0548732B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE137604T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4142969A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10340003B4 (de) * 2003-08-29 2006-02-16 Siemens Ag Kurzschluss- und Überlastauslöser für ein Schaltgerät
DE102006018669A1 (de) * 2006-04-21 2007-07-05 Siemens Ag Elektromechanische Schaltvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4443520A1 (de) * 1994-12-07 1996-06-13 Abb Patent Gmbh Fehlerstromschutzschalter
US5936536A (en) * 1997-04-08 1999-08-10 Medicor Corporation Electrical insulation testing device and method for electrosurgical instruments
DE19739822A1 (de) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-18 Abb Patent Gmbh Fehlerstromschutzschalter
IT1303664B1 (it) * 1998-12-24 2001-02-21 Abb Ricerca Spa Circuito elettronico di pilotaggio per attuatore bistabileattivato da piezoelettrici,particolarmente per dispositivi
WO2002050856A1 (fr) * 2000-12-19 2002-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Declencheur pour disjoncteur
DE10112563A1 (de) * 2001-03-15 2002-09-19 Kopp Heinrich Ag Vorrichtung zur Betätigung einer Auslösemechanik

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2835761A (en) * 1953-05-25 1958-05-20 Electric Machinery Mfg Co Electrostrictive ceramic actuator
DE1463583A1 (de) * 1964-03-17 1969-03-27 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur Steuerung oder Festlegung der Ansprech-und Abfallzeiten piezoelektrischer Relais
US4042967A (en) * 1975-10-28 1977-08-16 Yujiro Yamamoto Ground fault sensor
SU1513561A1 (ru) * 1986-05-23 1989-10-07 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства Устройство дл защиты от повреждени в трехфазных электроустановках
AT387675B (de) * 1987-04-02 1989-02-27 Cti Ges Zur Pruefung Elektrote Fehlerstromschutzschalter mit kurzzeitverzoegerung
SU1686575A1 (ru) * 1989-07-14 1991-10-23 Душанбинское Проектно-Конструкторское Технологическое Бюро "Системавтоматика" Устройство дл защитного отключени сети переменного тока при утечке тока на землю
EP0412401A3 (en) * 1989-08-10 1992-01-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft High-speed circuit breaker
JPH06248220A (ja) * 1993-02-23 1994-09-06 San Chitsupu:Kk 無毒性固形画材組成物

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10340003B4 (de) * 2003-08-29 2006-02-16 Siemens Ag Kurzschluss- und Überlastauslöser für ein Schaltgerät
DE102006018669A1 (de) * 2006-04-21 2007-07-05 Siemens Ag Elektromechanische Schaltvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0548732A3 (fr) 1994-01-26
DE59206179D1 (de) 1996-06-05
EP0548732A2 (fr) 1993-06-30
DE4142969A1 (de) 1993-07-01
ATE137604T1 (de) 1996-05-15

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