EP0834184A1 - Dispositif de protection contre les surcharges des contacts de commutation d'un appareil de commutation - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection contre les surcharges des contacts de commutation d'un appareil de commutation

Info

Publication number
EP0834184A1
EP0834184A1 EP96916009A EP96916009A EP0834184A1 EP 0834184 A1 EP0834184 A1 EP 0834184A1 EP 96916009 A EP96916009 A EP 96916009A EP 96916009 A EP96916009 A EP 96916009A EP 0834184 A1 EP0834184 A1 EP 0834184A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
energy converter
protective device
contacts
magnet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96916009A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0834184B1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Hahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0834184A1 publication Critical patent/EP0834184A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0834184B1 publication Critical patent/EP0834184B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/50—Means for detecting the presence of an arc or discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2418—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism
    • H01H2071/2427—Electromagnetic mechanisms combined with an electrodynamic current limiting mechanism with blow-off movement tripping mechanism, e.g. electrodynamic effect on contacts trips the traditional trip device before it can unlatch the spring mechanism by itself

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective device against overloading the switching contacts of a switching device, which has a switching mechanism for opening and closing the switching contacts, the switching contacts being able to be separated under the influence of a high current against the action of the switching mechanism with the formation of an arc.
  • a protective device of this type is known for example from DE 40 22 078 AI.
  • a trigger shaft belonging to the switching mechanism and which can be actuated by a trigger is provided as components of the protective device.
  • the trigger can in turn be influenced by the current flowing through the switching device. If the switching contacts are separated directly by the forces that are associated with the flow of a high current, the switching mechanism is released directly by the opening movement of the switching contacts, thus bringing about a complete shutdown.
  • the switching mechanism is released by a displaceable guidance of the release shaft against a restoring force while reducing the overlap between the latching surfaces provided on the release shaft and a ratchet lever.
  • the switching mechanism is assigned a pressure piston, which is connected to the arc quenching chamber via a pipeline (EP 0 455 564 AI).
  • it can be considered to use methods which have become known in another context for the control of a switching device and which make it possible to detect a movement of a switching contact. This includes in particular an evaluation device which measures the capacitance between the switching contacts and uses this to generate a signal for a contact opening.
  • a relative movement of a switching contact can be detected by a drive element connected to the movable switching contact, which is provided with a reflector and opposed to it at a short distance
  • a further limitation of the protective devices described above is that they can only be used in conjunction with switching devices which have a switching mechanism which can be controlled by means which act automatically. This condition is generally given for circuit breakers and contactors, but not for circuit breakers.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a protective device of the type mentioned at the outset such that switching devices of different types are protected against one by an inexpensive device which can be retrofitted with little effort Overload can be protected by too high a current.
  • this object is achieved in that an energy converter is arranged in the vicinity of the switching contacts and is exposed to electromagnetic radiation connected to the arc and that the energy converter converts received electromagnetic radiation into a current for actuating the protective device.
  • the invention provides a means of providing low electrical energy whenever a switching device has reached its performance limit, i. H. when the switch contacts are no longer able to conduct the flowing current continuously.
  • the electrical energy provided by the energy converter is used to activate a suitable protective device, which can be part of the switching device, but can also be accommodated at another location. This will be discussed in more detail.
  • the energy converter can have a coil provided with a ferrite core, which is followed by a rectifier. Such an arrangement acts as an antenna for the high-frequency radiation emitted by an arc, which is converted by the rectifier into a direct current suitable for actuating the protective device.
  • the ferrite core can have a straight shape or it can preferably be annular. This embodiment of the energy converter is characterized by particular effectiveness and by the fact that a relatively large winding or several windings can be accommodated on the ferrite core.
  • the invention is not restricted to switching devices that have a switching device that can be controlled by a trigger. possess mechanism.
  • the protective device can be assigned to a protective device connected in series with the disconnector and can be controlled by the current supplied by the energy converter.
  • switchgear assemblies in which a circuit breaker serving as an infeed switch and a plurality of isolating switches for outlets are mounted close to one another, such an arrangement presents no difficulties.
  • the circuit breaker serves as the protective device that can be controlled by the energy converter.
  • the protective device is to be assigned to a control circuit of the contactor.
  • the contactor is thus switched off when such a high current flows that the switch contacts are separated with arcing.
  • the control circuit of the electromagnetic drive can contain a normally closed contact that can be actuated by the energy converter.
  • a latched contactor is used as the switching device, which has a release magnet for switching off, the arrangement is similar to that of a circuit breaker, the release magnet of the contactor fulfilling a similar task to the release magnet of a circuit breaker.
  • trip magnets are particularly suitable that require a relatively low auxiliary energy, as can be provided by the energy converter.
  • a trigger magnet is particularly suitable, which has a permanent magnet for maintaining the tensioned position of an energy store and a trigger winding for releasing the Has energy storage.
  • DE 34 33 126 AI or EP 0 305 321 B1 describes suitable designs of release magnets.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic circuit diagram of a circuit with a consumer, a disconnector and a protective device in the form of a circuit breaker.
  • FIG. 2 shows a similar basic circuit diagram, in which a consumer can be switched on and off by an electromagnetic contactor.
  • FIG. 3 A circuit with a consumer and a circuit breaker is shown in FIG. 3 again using a basic circuit diagram.
  • FIG. 4 shows a switching chamber of a low-voltage circuit breaker in connection with an energy converter according to the invention and a switching mechanism which can be released by a tripping magnet.
  • Energy converter and a trigger magnet shown, wherein a ferrite core of the energy converter has a straight shape.
  • FIG. 6 shows an energy converter with an annular ferrite core in connection with switching contacts of a switching device.
  • a disconnector 2 is used to switch a consumer 1 on and off, which switch can be operated manually by a drive device 3.
  • a protective device ensures that the switching contacts of the Disconnector 2 fully opened and thus the circuit fed from a current source 4 is interrupted via the consumer 1 when the switch contacts separate from one another under the influence of an excessively high current against the action of the drive device 3, forming an arc.
  • the protective device also includes a circuit breaker 6, which is also connected in series with the current source 4 and the consumer 1, the switching mechanism 7 of which can be released by a release magnet 10 for opening the switching contacts.
  • the trigger magnet 10 is controlled by the current supplied by the energy converter 5. Otherwise, the trigger magnet 10 can also be actuated by a trigger 11 which provides the normal protective functions set according to predetermined parameters.
  • an electromagnetically operated contactor 12 with a drive magnet 13 is provided for switching the consumer 1 on and off.
  • A serves to operate the drive magnet 13
  • the power limit of the contactor 12 is detected by the fact that an energy converter 5 is arranged in the vicinity of the switching contacts of the contactor 12, which arises from an arc on the switching contacts Radiation energy detected.
  • the protective device comprises, in addition to the energy converter 5, a normally closed contact 16 in the control circuit of the drive magnet 13, the actuating device 17 of which is supplied with the current supplied by the energy converter 5.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further example in which only the circuit breaker 6 shown in FIG. 1 is used to switch the consumer 1 on and off.
  • the energy converter 5 is assigned to the circuit breaker 6 and is located likewise close to the switch contacts in order to detect the electromagnetic radiation emanating from the arc at the switch contacts.
  • the circuits shown can be single-phase or multi-phase. Accordingly, single or multi-pole switching devices are used. With multi-pole switching devices, it is recommended to assign at least one energy converter 5 to each pole.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show further details of the arrangement and structure of the energy converter 5.
  • a low-voltage circuit breaker is considered with reference to FIG. 4.
  • the pole of the low-voltage circuit breaker 6 shown in FIG. 4 comprises an arc quenching chamber 20 with quenching plates 21 and a fixed switch contact 23 and a movable switch contact 23.
  • An arcing horn 24 on the fixed switch contact 22 and an arc guide rail 25 at the opposite end of the arc quenching chamber 1 lead a switching arc burning between the switching contacts 22 and 23 to the quenching plates 21.
  • the switching mechanism 7 for actuating the movable switching contact 4 is also shown schematically in FIG. 4, as in FIGS. 1 and 3. A more detailed description of the switching mechanism 7 can be dispensed with, since it can be a known switching mechanism described, for example, in DE 40 22 078 AI mentioned at the beginning.
  • a likewise schematically shown drive device 26 serves to bring about the switched-on position of the movable switching contact 23 by hand or by means of auxiliary energy.
  • the switching mechanism 7 is by a
  • Trigger magnet 10 releasable, in a known manner by a electronic or electromechanical trigger ll can be operated.
  • two further positions of the movable switching contact 23 are indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • One position corresponds to the fully open position as it occurs after the switching mechanism 7 is released. Irrespective of this, however, the movable switch contact 23 can assume a position which is only a little distant from the fixed switch contact 22 when a short-circuit current flows through the open contacts and the contact force is overcome due to electrodynamic forces.
  • the resulting switching arc is detected by the energy converter 5, which emits sufficient energy to actuate the trigger magnet 11.
  • the energy converter 5 can be accommodated, for example, in wall parts of the arc quenching chamber 1 or outside the same.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of an energy converter 5 and an associated circuit arrangement.
  • the energy converter 5 has a housing 27, which is only indicated generally and in which a coil 30 is located.
  • a ferrite rod 31 serves as the core of the coil 30, whereby an arrangement acting in the manner of an antenna is created.
  • Electromagnetic radiation 28 emanating from an arc at the switch contacts 22 and 23 generates a high-frequency alternating current in the coil 30, which is converted by a rectifier arrangement 32 into a direct current suitable for operating the release magnet 10. It is preferably a holding magnet system of the type mentioned at the beginning, the
  • Tripping winding requires little energy.
  • the device described is thus always ready for operation without auxiliary energy.
  • Low-voltage circuit breakers are very compact devices in which the individual assemblies are only small have mutual distances. Therefore, there is no difficulty in supplying the control energy provided by the energy converter 5 to the trigger magnet 10 through a suitable connecting line 33, as is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG.
  • a connecting line can, for example, be attached to the outside of the arc quenching chamber 20, from where only a short path to the trigger magnet 10 has to be bridged.
  • the energy converter 5 has an annular core 34 made of ferrite material, which is provided in whole or in part with a winding 35. A plurality of windings can also be arranged on the core 34.
  • the energy converter 5 is located at the time of the stop contacts 22 and 23 approximately in such a way that the ring plane lies parallel to the level of the switching movement.
  • the rectifier arrangement 32 connected to the winding 35 as well as the trigger magnet 10 and the switching mechanism 7 are indicated schematically.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de protection contre les surcharges des contacts de commutation (22, 23) d'un appareil de commutation (6), présentant un convertisseur d'énergie (5) monté à proximité des contacts de commutation (22, 23) et exposé à un rayonnement électromagnétique lié à un arc électrique se produisant entre les contacts de commutation (22, 23). Lorsque ces contacts (22, 23) sont séparés électrodynamiquement par une surcharge, le convertisseur d'énergie provoque, par exemple au moyen de l'électroaimant de déclenchement (1) d'un interrupteur de puissance (6), la mise hors-circuit du circuit électrique.
EP96916009A 1995-06-19 1996-06-05 Dispositif de protection contre les surcharges des contacts de commutation d'un appareil de commutation Expired - Lifetime EP0834184B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19522603A DE19522603A1 (de) 1995-06-19 1995-06-19 Schutzeinrichtung gegen Überlastung der Schaltkontakte eines Schaltgerätes
DE19522603 1995-06-19
PCT/DE1996/001048 WO1997000531A1 (fr) 1995-06-19 1996-06-05 Dispositif de protection contre les surcharges des contacts de commutation d'un appareil de commutation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0834184A1 true EP0834184A1 (fr) 1998-04-08
EP0834184B1 EP0834184B1 (fr) 1999-01-13

Family

ID=7764932

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96916009A Expired - Lifetime EP0834184B1 (fr) 1995-06-19 1996-06-05 Dispositif de protection contre les surcharges des contacts de commutation d'un appareil de commutation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5933303A (fr)
EP (1) EP0834184B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3771268B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE19522603A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997000531A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19948632B4 (de) * 1999-10-08 2005-08-11 Siemens Ag Aktoreinheit mit einem Grundaktor, einem Zusatzaktor und einer Ansteuereinheit
DE60332482D1 (de) * 2002-12-10 2010-06-17 Virochem Pharma Inc Verbindungen und methoden zum behandeln oder vorbeugen von flavivirus infektionen
AP2579A (en) 2006-11-15 2013-01-29 Virochem Pharma Inc Thiophene analogues for the treatment or prevention of flavivirus infections
DE112009001418A5 (de) * 2008-07-25 2011-04-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung zum Abschalten eines Fehlerstromes in einer stromführenden Leitung
DE102009010227A1 (de) 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
DE102009010229A1 (de) 2009-02-24 2010-08-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Auslöser für eine elektrische Schaltanordnung
EP3349232B1 (fr) * 2017-01-12 2020-05-06 ABB Schweiz AG Contacteur électromécanique

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3433126A1 (de) * 1984-09-08 1986-03-20 Harting Elektronik Gmbh Ausloesemagnetsystem
CA1294305C (fr) * 1987-08-25 1992-01-14 Donald R. Boyd Bobine de declenchement comportant un enroulement gradateur de champ et un enroulement amplicateur
US4996507A (en) * 1988-08-01 1991-02-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. CT quick change assembly and force transmitting spacer
DE3905822A1 (de) * 1989-02-22 1990-08-23 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum betrieb eines leistungsschalters
FR2661776B1 (fr) * 1990-05-04 1996-05-10 Merlin Gerin Declencheur instantane d'un disjoncteur.
DE4022078A1 (de) * 1990-07-10 1992-01-16 Siemens Ag Leistungsschalter mit unabhaengiger verklinkungseinrichtung des bewegbaren schaltkontaktes
US5185687A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-02-09 Eaton Corporation Chaos sensing arc detection
US5185686A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-02-09 Eaton Corporation Direction sensing arc detection
US5185684A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-02-09 Eaton Corporation Frequency selective arc detection
US5185685A (en) * 1991-03-28 1993-02-09 Eaton Corporation Field sensing arc detection
DE4316239A1 (de) * 1993-05-14 1994-11-17 Marschner Hans Hermann Verfahren zur Lichtbogenerkennung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9700531A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19522603A1 (de) 1997-01-09
JPH11507757A (ja) 1999-07-06
WO1997000531A1 (fr) 1997-01-03
US5933303A (en) 1999-08-03
EP0834184B1 (fr) 1999-01-13
DE59601155D1 (de) 1999-02-25
JP3771268B2 (ja) 2006-04-26

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