EP0548400A1 - Self actuating generating tool - Google Patents
Self actuating generating tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0548400A1 EP0548400A1 EP91122168A EP91122168A EP0548400A1 EP 0548400 A1 EP0548400 A1 EP 0548400A1 EP 91122168 A EP91122168 A EP 91122168A EP 91122168 A EP91122168 A EP 91122168A EP 0548400 A1 EP0548400 A1 EP 0548400A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spindle
- drawbar
- machine tool
- annular
- brake
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B29/00—Holders for non-rotary cutting tools; Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders
- B23B29/03—Boring heads
- B23B29/034—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings
- B23B29/03432—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings radially adjustable during manufacturing
- B23B29/03446—Boring heads with tools moving radially, e.g. for making chamfers or undercuttings radially adjustable during manufacturing by means of inclined planes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H49/00—Other gearings
- F16H49/001—Wave gearings, e.g. harmonic drive transmissions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/076—Harmonic drive gearboxes, i.e. reduction gearing including wave generator, flex spline and a circular spline
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
- Y10T408/83—Tool-support with means to move Tool relative to tool-support
- Y10T408/85—Tool-support with means to move Tool relative to tool-support to move radially
- Y10T408/858—Moving means including wedge, screw or cam
- Y10T408/8588—Axially slidable moving-means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/309352—Cutter spindle or spindle support
- Y10T409/309408—Cutter spindle or spindle support with cutter holder
- Y10T409/309464—Cutter spindle or spindle support with cutter holder and draw bar
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/12—Radially moving rotating tool inside bore
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2529—Revolvable cutter heads
Definitions
- This invention relates to a machine tool that comprises a rotary spindle having a radially movable cutter means on one end thereof.
- An axially slidable drawbar is arranged within the spindle for moving the cutter means radially into the spindle.
- a principal feature of this invention is the mechanism for moving the drawbar axially within the rotating spindle.
- the mechanism comprises a normally inactive harmonic drive means carried on the spindle, and a cam connection between the output of the harmonic drive means and the drawbar, whereby actuation of the harmonic drive means causes the cam connection to move the drawbar axially.
- the harmonic drive means is actuated by a brake means that is arranged to engage a reaction member in the harmonic drive means.
- the brake means can be operated by a remotely-generated electric signal or hydraulic signal.
- a principal advantage of the invention is that the drawbar moving mechanism is relatively compact, especially in the axial direction.
- the moving mechanism can be arranged in surrounding relation to the drawbar such that it does not increase the axial length of the machine tool.
- Means are provided for the tool to be self-actuated by using some of the drive power generated from the machine to rotate the tool.
- Fig. 1 is a fragmentary sectional view taken through a machine tool embodying the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 2-2 in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 3-3 in Fig. 1.
- the drawings show a machine tool that comprises a powered rotary spindle 10 that carries a retractable cutter element 12.
- the cutter element is attached to a slide structure 14 that can move transverse to the spindle axis 15, whereby the cutter element can be moved into or outward (away) from the spindle.
- An axially movable drawbar 17 is located within the spindle for moving the cutter element.
- the drawbar is connected to slide structure 14, such that rightward motion of the drawbar (Fig. 1) retracts the cutter element; leftward motion of the drawbar extends the cutter element to its operating position.
- the end of the drawbar is bifurcated; inclined spines in the bifurcated end act as cams to move the slide structure.
- FIG. 1 shows the drawbar in a position where the cutting element is extended from the spindle.
- the drawbar can slide axially relative to spindle 10, but it cannot rotate relative to the spindle.
- a key 19 extends from the drawbar into an axial slot 21 in the spindle to prevent relative rotation between the drawbar and the spindle.
- the spindle is comprised of two axially aligned members 23 and 25. Bolts 27 can be used to connect the two members together.
- the two-piece spindle is rotatably supported in a stationary annular housing 29 that carries anti-friction bearings 30 and 31.
- the housing also carries a releaseable brake means 33 that controls the operation of a harmonic drive means carried on the spindle.
- the harmonic drive means comprises an annular reaction member 35 that has an inner toothed surface 37 and an outer brake-engagement surface 39.
- the input drive to the harmonic drive means consists of two rollers 41 that extend axially from shoulder 43 of the spindle into the space circumscribed by an annular deformable band (ring) 45.
- Band 45 constitutes the output means for the harmonic drive unit.
- the harmonic drive may be modified by the addition of a bearing between deformable band 45 and the annular reaction member 35 for faster drive and decrease in friction.
- other reduction gear arrangements may also be substituted for the harmonic drive assembly without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention.
- the harmonic drive means During normal operation of the tool the harmonic drive means is in an inactive state.
- the operating components of the harmonic drive means (members 35, 41 and 45) rotate as a unit with the spindle.
- An annular cam element 47 is supported on the spindle and loosely linked to deformable band 45.
- the illustrated linkage comprises a series of axial slots 49 in band 45 and mating ribs (spokes) 51 extending radially outwardly from cam element 47 into the slots. The linkage is such that cam element 47 is at all times rotatable with band 45; however the band can deform radially relative to the cam element.
- the left end face 53 of annular element 47 is angled acutely to a radial plane so as to form an axially-extending cam surface.
- Operatively engaged with cam surface 53 is a flat radial plate 55 that is suitably affixed to drawbar 17.
- Coil spring 57 acts on drawbar 17 to keep plate 55 operatively engaged with cam element 47.
- Plate 55 acts as a cam follower.
- the aforementioned brake means 33 comprises a solenoid 59 having a plunger 61 extending toward outer surface 39 of reaction member 35.
- solenoid 59 is remotely operated so that plunger 61 moves into operative engagement with reaction member 35, thereby holding that member in a stationary (braked) condition.
- the end of plunger 61 has a chisel shape to facilitate entry into surface 29.
- band 45 With member 35 in a stationary condition band 45 will have a relatively slow rotary motion on member 35. Rollers 41 will rotate (orbit) at a speed proportionate to the speed of spindle 10, thereby deforming band 45 into toothed engagement with stationary member 35.
- the tooth complement on band 45 is less than the tooth complement on reaction member 35, so that band 45 is caused to slowly rotate in a direction opposite to spindle 10; the motions are relative, not absolute.
- Cam element 47 rotates with band 45, so as to produce a rightward axial motion of drawbar 17 (due to the interengagement between cam surface 53 and plate 55).
- the drawbar follows the cam to move the cutter element 12 away from and into the spindle, thus defining one complete cycle of the rotary cutter operation.
- the illustrated harmonic drive means is advantageous in that it utilizes the spindle motion as its power source; no external power is required.
- the harmonic drive means has the further advantage that it is relatively compact; the harmonic drive means can be installed within the spindle without appreciably increasing the spindle diameter or spindle length.
- the drawings show the brake means in the form of a plunger operated by an electrical solenoid.
- the plunger could be operated hydraulically, i.e. the plunger could be part of a hydraulic piston connectable to a remote hydraulic pressure source.
- the plunger could be operated hydraulically, i.e. the plunger could be part of a hydraulic piston connectable to a remote hydraulic pressure source.
- Various other changes could be made while still practicing the invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a machine tool that comprises a rotary spindle having a radially movable cutter means on one end thereof. An axially slidable drawbar is arranged within the spindle for moving the cutter means radially into the spindle.
- A principal feature of this invention is the mechanism for moving the drawbar axially within the rotating spindle. The mechanism comprises a normally inactive harmonic drive means carried on the spindle, and a cam connection between the output of the harmonic drive means and the drawbar, whereby actuation of the harmonic drive means causes the cam connection to move the drawbar axially. The harmonic drive means is actuated by a brake means that is arranged to engage a reaction member in the harmonic drive means. The brake means can be operated by a remotely-generated electric signal or hydraulic signal.
- A principal advantage of the invention is that the drawbar moving mechanism is relatively compact, especially in the axial direction. The moving mechanism can be arranged in surrounding relation to the drawbar such that it does not increase the axial length of the machine tool. Means are provided for the tool to be self-actuated by using some of the drive power generated from the machine to rotate the tool.
- There are in existence various prior art devices associated with rotary spindles for moving a cutter between an extended operating position and a retracted position. U.S. Patent 3,391,585 to Griswold et al shows a double acting hydraulic cylinder for this purpose. U.S. Patent 3,740,161 to V. Milewski also shows a double-acting hydraulic cylinder for retracting a cutter element. U.S. Patent 4,742,738 to K. Strand shows a planetary gearing mechanism for retracting a cutter element carried on a rotary spindle. The use of a harmonic drive means for retracting a rotary cutter element is believed to be new in the art.
- Fig. 1 is a fragmentary sectional view taken through a machine tool embodying the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 2-2 in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 3-3 in Fig. 1.
- The drawings show a machine tool that comprises a powered
rotary spindle 10 that carries aretractable cutter element 12. The cutter element is attached to aslide structure 14 that can move transverse to thespindle axis 15, whereby the cutter element can be moved into or outward (away) from the spindle. An axiallymovable drawbar 17 is located within the spindle for moving the cutter element. The drawbar is connected toslide structure 14, such that rightward motion of the drawbar (Fig. 1) retracts the cutter element; leftward motion of the drawbar extends the cutter element to its operating position. The end of the drawbar is bifurcated; inclined spines in the bifurcated end act as cams to move the slide structure. Fig. 1 shows the drawbar in a position where the cutting element is extended from the spindle. The drawbar can slide axially relative tospindle 10, but it cannot rotate relative to the spindle. A key 19 extends from the drawbar into anaxial slot 21 in the spindle to prevent relative rotation between the drawbar and the spindle. - In the illustrated tool the spindle is comprised of two axially aligned
members Bolts 27 can be used to connect the two members together. The two-piece spindle is rotatably supported in a stationaryannular housing 29 that carriesanti-friction bearings - The harmonic drive means comprises an
annular reaction member 35 that has aninner toothed surface 37 and an outer brake-engagement surface 39. The input drive to the harmonic drive means consists of tworollers 41 that extend axially fromshoulder 43 of the spindle into the space circumscribed by an annular deformable band (ring) 45.Band 45 constitutes the output means for the harmonic drive unit. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the harmonic drive may be modified by the addition of a bearing betweendeformable band 45 and theannular reaction member 35 for faster drive and decrease in friction. In addition, other reduction gear arrangements may also be substituted for the harmonic drive assembly without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention. - During normal operation of the tool the harmonic drive means is in an inactive state. The operating components of the harmonic drive means (
members annular cam element 47 is supported on the spindle and loosely linked todeformable band 45. The illustrated linkage comprises a series ofaxial slots 49 inband 45 and mating ribs (spokes) 51 extending radially outwardly fromcam element 47 into the slots. The linkage is such thatcam element 47 is at all times rotatable withband 45; however the band can deform radially relative to the cam element. - The
left end face 53 ofannular element 47 is angled acutely to a radial plane so as to form an axially-extending cam surface. Operatively engaged withcam surface 53 is a flatradial plate 55 that is suitably affixed to drawbar 17.Coil spring 57 acts ondrawbar 17 to keepplate 55 operatively engaged withcam element 47.Plate 55 acts as a cam follower. - The aforementioned brake means 33 comprises a
solenoid 59 having aplunger 61 extending towardouter surface 39 ofreaction member 35. During normal operation of thetool plunger 61 is spaced fromreaction member 35, as shown in Fig. 1 and 3. When it is intended to movecutter 12 away from and to the spindle,solenoid 59 is remotely operated so thatplunger 61 moves into operative engagement withreaction member 35, thereby holding that member in a stationary (braked) condition. The end ofplunger 61 has a chisel shape to facilitate entry intosurface 29. - With
member 35 in astationary condition band 45 will have a relatively slow rotary motion onmember 35.Rollers 41 will rotate (orbit) at a speed proportionate to the speed ofspindle 10, thereby deformingband 45 into toothed engagement withstationary member 35. The tooth complement onband 45 is less than the tooth complement onreaction member 35, so thatband 45 is caused to slowly rotate in a direction opposite tospindle 10; the motions are relative, not absolute. -
Cam element 47 rotates withband 45, so as to produce a rightward axial motion of drawbar 17 (due to the interengagement betweencam surface 53 and plate 55). The drawbar follows the cam to move thecutter element 12 away from and into the spindle, thus defining one complete cycle of the rotary cutter operation. - After a predetermined rightward motion of the drawbar a
shoulder 63 ondrawbar 17 is located slightly to the right of an actuator element ofswitch 65. The switch is thereby actuated from one condition to another condition.Switch 65 is electrically located in the control circuit forsolenoid 59, such that when the switch is tripped the solenoid is activated to withdrawplunger 61 away fromreaction member 35. The reaction member thus resumes its normal rotational status (rotating with the spindle). The effect of this action is to returncam element 47 to retracted condition, with the drawbar moved to its normal unactuated or neutral position. - The illustrated harmonic drive means is advantageous in that it utilizes the spindle motion as its power source; no external power is required. The harmonic drive means has the further advantage that it is relatively compact; the harmonic drive means can be installed within the spindle without appreciably increasing the spindle diameter or spindle length.
- The drawings show the brake means in the form of a plunger operated by an electrical solenoid. Alternatively, the plunger could be operated hydraulically, i.e. the plunger could be part of a hydraulic piston connectable to a remote hydraulic pressure source. Various other changes could be made while still practicing the invention.
Claims (8)
- A machine tool comprising a rotary spindle; radially movable cutter means carried on said spindle; an axially slidable drawbar located within said spindle; means interconnecting the drawbar and cutter means whereby axial movement of the drawbar within the spindle causes the cutter means to be radially moved into or out from the spindle; a normally inactive harmonic drive means carried on said spindle, said harmonic drive means comprising an annular input means, an annular reaction member, and an annular output means; a releaseable brake means movable toward or away from said reaction member; and a cam connection between said output means and said drawbar whereby said output means drives the drawbar axially for retraction of the cutter means.
- The machine tool of claim 1, wherein said annular reaction member has an internal toothed surface and an external brake-engagement surface.
- The machine tool of claim 2, wherein said releasable brake means comprises a solenoid having a plunger movable toward or away from said brake-engagement surface.
- The machine tool of claim 1, wherein said annular reaction member at least partly encircles the input means and the output means.
- The machine tool of claim 1, wherein said cam connection comprises a plate extending radially from the drawbar and an annular cam member having a cam surface in axial registry with said plate, whereby rotary motion of the cam member causes the plate and associated drawbar to move axially.
- The machine tool of claim 1, and further comprising a fixed annular housing encircling said spindle, and axially-spaced anti-friction bearings carried by said housing for rotatably supporting the spindle.
- The machine tool of claim 6, wherein said releaseable brake means comprises a radially-movable plunger mechanism carried on said housing in the space between the anti-friction bearings.
- The machine tool of claim 6, wherein said releaseable brake means comprises a solenoid carried on said housing; said solenoid having a plunger movable radially toward or away from said annular reaction member.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1991613473 DE69113473T2 (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1991-12-23 | Tool. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/630,906 US5095785A (en) | 1990-12-20 | 1990-12-20 | Self actuating generating tool |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0548400A1 true EP0548400A1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
EP0548400B1 EP0548400B1 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
Family
ID=24529042
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91122168A Expired - Lifetime EP0548400B1 (en) | 1990-12-20 | 1991-12-23 | Self actuating generating tool |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5095785A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0548400B1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008052513A1 (en) * | 2006-10-28 | 2008-05-08 | Röhm Gmbh | Electrical stressing means |
CN103406552A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-11-27 | 昆山允可精密工业技术有限公司 | Double-mandrel direct-connection precise rotating shaft |
CN107470652A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2017-12-15 | 汪任斌 | A kind of septal fossula grooving apparatus for lathe |
CN107891161A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2018-04-10 | 莫金连 | A kind of septal fossula grooving apparatus of lathe |
CN107891157A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2018-04-10 | 莫金连 | A kind of septal fossula grooving apparatus as lathe |
CN107891170A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2018-04-10 | 莫金连 | A kind of internal channel process equipment for lathe |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8408849B2 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2013-04-02 | Kennametal Inc. | Pressure-activated ID grooving tool |
US8561509B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2013-10-22 | Kennametal Inc. | Mechanical-activated ID grooving tool |
US8573904B2 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2013-11-05 | Kennametal Inc. | Grooving insert |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1561872A (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1969-03-28 | ||
EP0155241A2 (en) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-09-18 | BAKUER ITALIANA S.p.A. | Device for the automatic adjustment of a tool on a tool holder fixed on a chuck of a machine tool, without detaching the tool holder and using the rotation of the chuck |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4852438A (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1989-08-01 | Gte Valenite Corporation | Generating head cutting tool |
-
1990
- 1990-12-20 US US07/630,906 patent/US5095785A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-12-23 EP EP91122168A patent/EP0548400B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1561872A (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1969-03-28 | ||
EP0155241A2 (en) * | 1984-02-23 | 1985-09-18 | BAKUER ITALIANA S.p.A. | Device for the automatic adjustment of a tool on a tool holder fixed on a chuck of a machine tool, without detaching the tool holder and using the rotation of the chuck |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008052513A1 (en) * | 2006-10-28 | 2008-05-08 | Röhm Gmbh | Electrical stressing means |
CN103406552A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-11-27 | 昆山允可精密工业技术有限公司 | Double-mandrel direct-connection precise rotating shaft |
CN107470652A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2017-12-15 | 汪任斌 | A kind of septal fossula grooving apparatus for lathe |
CN107891161A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2018-04-10 | 莫金连 | A kind of septal fossula grooving apparatus of lathe |
CN107891157A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2018-04-10 | 莫金连 | A kind of septal fossula grooving apparatus as lathe |
CN107891170A (en) * | 2017-08-26 | 2018-04-10 | 莫金连 | A kind of internal channel process equipment for lathe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0548400B1 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
US5095785A (en) | 1992-03-17 |
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