EP0548109A1 - Systeme d'essai modulaire de remplacement de la hanche. - Google Patents

Systeme d'essai modulaire de remplacement de la hanche.

Info

Publication number
EP0548109A1
EP0548109A1 EP91915217A EP91915217A EP0548109A1 EP 0548109 A1 EP0548109 A1 EP 0548109A1 EP 91915217 A EP91915217 A EP 91915217A EP 91915217 A EP91915217 A EP 91915217A EP 0548109 A1 EP0548109 A1 EP 0548109A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trial
stem
femoral component
femoral
portions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91915217A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0548109B1 (fr
Inventor
Gordon C Conrad
Thomas J Parchinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTG Divestitures LLC
Original Assignee
Howmedica Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Howmedica Inc filed Critical Howmedica Inc
Publication of EP0548109A1 publication Critical patent/EP0548109A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0548109B1 publication Critical patent/EP0548109B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4684—Trial or dummy prostheses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/14—Surgical saws ; Accessories therefor
    • A61B17/15—Guides therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662—Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/367—Proximal or metaphyseal parts of shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30383—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30479—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a locking ball
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30505—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism spring biased
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/3053—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements having additional means for preventing unwanted connections
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30604—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for modular
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2002/30001—Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316—The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30604—Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for modular
    • A61F2002/30616—Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3625—Necks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/32—Joints for the hip
    • A61F2/36—Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3609—Femoral heads or necks; Connections of endoprosthetic heads or necks to endoprosthetic femoral shafts
    • A61F2002/3652—Connections of necks to shafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00—Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/006—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for modular
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/006—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for modular
    • A61F2250/0064—Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an orthopedic trial femoral component for use in determining the correct prosthetic femoral component for implantation from a group of pros ⁇ thetic femoral components. These implants are utilized in replacing the head and neck of a femur with a prosthetic part. More particularly, this invention relates to a two- piece trial component which can be used to guide the surgeon in resecting a damaged femur head and neck and replacing it with a prosthetic femoral component of the proper size.
  • a surgical operation to replace the femur head and neck with a prosthetic femoral component is a complex operation and requires a relatively long time. There has been a long felt need for methods to simplify and shorten this surgery. This is especially true since many of the patients requiring ⁇ * ch surgery are elderly, frail or otherwise sick and cannot withstand long operations. In addition, in the trauma area, most individuals needing a femur head/neck replacement are multi-trauma patients who require a series of surgical operations performed by different surgeons.
  • the surgeon examines X-rays to determine the approximate size femoral prosthesis, from a discrete group of sizes, which would be required. He then uses the corresponding trial component as a guide to prepare the femur to receive the prosthesis chosen.
  • the surgeon finds upon implantation that either his preparation of the femur was incorrect or that the three dimensional body geometry does not allow for the incorporation of the preliminarily chosen femoral component. Manufacturers compensate for these problems by providing femoral prosthesis components with identical stem lengths but different neck/body sizes or vice versa.
  • the surgeon has a series of one-piece trial components with multiple stem and body sizes. Each one-piece trial component will have a body portion of pre ⁇ determined size attached to it. The surgeon then uses trial and error selection of trial prostheses to determine the best fitting component.
  • a one-piece trial component when the surgeon puts the trial stem into the bone, the proximal body tries to seat on the free-hand cut made by the surgeon in the femoral neck area at the start of the operation. Normally this cut is a 900 L-shaped cut, removing the head and neck of the natural femur. While working on the fit of the distal stem portion, the surgeon may actually contact a bony obstruction at the proximal end of the femur with the body portion of the trial prosthesis. At this point, it is extremely difficult to discern whether the problem is located distally around the stem or proximally around the body portion of the trial prosthesis.
  • the surgeon must re-cut the proximal 90o surface. This process may have to be repeated a number of times to make the trial component fit correctly both in the distal stem area and in the proximal body area.
  • the distal stem and proximal body portions of the femoral component are fitted separately.
  • the present invention provides a two-piece trial component kit with a plurality of interchangeable heads and stems.
  • the surgeon may either address the distal stem fit or the proximal body fit first. More importantly, the surgeon can address each fit distinctly and independently, i.e., the stem portion separately from the proximal body portion.
  • the trial body portion is provided with 90o guide surfaces for either purposes of checking the accuracy of the right angle cut or to be utilized as a saw blade guide surface.
  • the surgeon first prepares the proximal femur, making the 90o cut in a rough fashion and takes the trial proximal body and completely checks the accuracy of his right angle proximal cut.
  • the surgeon may also use the trial body guide surfaces as a saw guide. Since the stem is not attached to the trial body portion at this time, the surgeon can easily check the accuracy of his cut. Having quickly and accurately created a bone bed for the proximal body portion, he can then move on to the distal trial stem portion and fit the stem to the emoral canal.
  • the surgeon will first insert various trial stem sizes to see which fits the patient best. If a stem fits well without any bone excavation in the femoral canal, he can quickly move ahead to the next phase of the operation. If he does need to prepare the femoral canal using rasps and/or reamers, he can quickly asses the stem fit and, if necessary, prepare the bone quickly because he can clearly see the stem within the femoral canal. This would not be possible with a one-piece trial because the integral head/body would obstruct his view.
  • the surgeon attaches the trial stem chosen with the appropriate proximal body trial portion and places the assembled trial unit into position within the bone.
  • the fit has been determined and merely has to be checked.
  • the surgeon seats the corresponding sized implant into the femur.
  • each piece has a male and female element for coupling the two pieces together which includes a key mechanism that, if the combination stem and body produces an available prosthesis size, mates, but if there is no available prosthesis size, does not mate. Consequently, the surgeon knows at the time of trial that he will not be able to find a femoral prosthetic component for implanta ⁇ tion matching the trial component.
  • a multi-piece trial femoral component kit for use in preparing and sizing a femoral cavity prior to implan- tation of a prosthetic femoral component.
  • the trial com ⁇ ponent kit includes at least two trial stem portions of different size and at least two trial proximal body por ⁇ tions of different size.
  • the trial stem and body portions may be coupled to produce a trial femoral component which can be used as a guide for correctly sizing the cavity within a femur for implantation of a prosthetic femoral component.
  • Each body portion includes two generally perpendicular guide surfaces thereon for use in resecting the head of the femur during the operation.
  • Each trial body portion and trial stem portion includes a mating male-female element which is utilized to couple the two pieces together.
  • One of the male-female elements includes a spring detent so that the two-piece trial femoral component can be held together to form a one-piece component but can be selectively separated so that more than one body portion can be coupled to each stem portion or vice-versa.
  • Each male or female element includes a key or keyway sized to allow selected body por- tions to be coupled to selected stem portions.
  • One of the body or stem trial portions also includes a spring detent used to selectively releasably secure the trial body portion to the trial stem portion.
  • FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the trial femoral component of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the femoral component of FIG. 1 along the lines 2-2;
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the femoral component of FIG. 1 showing the trial body portion separated from the trial stem portion;
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the trial femoral component of FIG. 1 along lines 4-4;
  • FIG. 5 is an elevation view of a small size trial femoral component with the body and stem separated;
  • FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the body portion of FIG. 5 along lines 5A-5A;
  • FIG. 6 is an elevation view of a trial femoral component of the present invention being larger in size than that shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the body portion of FIG. 6 along lines 6A-6A;
  • FIG. 7 is an elevation view of a two-piece femoral component of the present invention being larger in size than that shown in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of the body component of FIG. 7 along lines 7A-7A;
  • FIG. 8 is an elevation view of the prosthetic femoral implant corresponding in size to the trial femoral component of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 9 is an elevation view of the prosthetic femoral component corresponding in size to the two-piece trial femoral component shown in FIG. 7.
  • Trial femoral prosthesis 10 is composed of a distal trial stem portion 12 and a proximal trial body portion 14.
  • Body portion 14 includes two generally perpen- dicular guide surfaces 16 and 18 which serve to guide the saw blade used by the surgeon during the resecting of the head/neck area of the femur or to be used to check a free- hard cut.
  • Trial body 14 also includes a trunion 20 which is used to mount a spherical head (not shown) and an op ning 22 designed to accommodate a tool (not shown) capable of being mated to body portion 14 to facilitate insertion and removal of the trial component.
  • trial stem 12 has a distal portion 24 adapted to be received within the medullary canal of the femur.
  • trial stem 12 has a male element 28 which is adapted to be inserted within a corresponding opening 30 in surface 16 of body 14.
  • Male element 28 includes at least one key element 32 designed to engage a corresponding keyway 34 in body 14.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a spring and ball detent 36 designed to releasable couple stem 12 to body 14.
  • a ball 38 is depressed as male element 28 is slid within corresponding female element 30 and then springs up once the inner wall 40 of tool opening 22 is reached.
  • Spring 37 is sized so that a predetermined amount of hand pressure tending to separate body 14 from stem 12 depresses ball 38 and allows the two-piece trial prosthesis to be uncoupled.
  • FIGS. 5-7A there is shown three trial body components generally denoted as 14', 14" and 14"' respectively and three stem components denoted as 12', 12" and 12"' respectively.
  • Each body portion 14', 14", 14"' is of different size and similarly the three trial portions 12', 12" and 12"' are also of three different sizes.
  • Each stem 12', 12", 12"' includes a male element 28', 28", 28"' respectively adapted to fit in any body 14', 14" and 14"'.
  • Two such prostheses denoted as 50 and 52 are shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.
  • body 14' has a keyway on the left hand side of female element 30 and body 14"' has keyway 34"' only on the right hand side of opening 30"'.
  • Body 14" includes keyways 34" on either side of opening 30".
  • Corresponding stem 12' includes a key 32' on its right hand side while stem 12" has no key and stem 12"' has a key only on the right hand side thereof.
  • stem 12' cannot be coupled to body 14"' and, likewise stem 12"' cannot be coupled to body 14' .
  • Stem 12" and body 14" may be either coupled to one another or coupled to stem 12', 12"' in the case of body 14" and body 14' and 14'" in the case of stem 12".
  • femoral prosthetic implants are available only in the combinations set forth above.
  • femoral prosthetic implantable components such as those shown by way of example in FIGS. 8 and 9 and numbers 50, 52 respec ⁇ tively
  • trial body and stem portions of larger, smaller or intermediate sizes to those shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 can be added to the kit.
  • keys and keyways of different location or size must be included to preclude the formation of a trial prosthesis size which does not correspond to an actual femoral component available for implantation.
  • each body 14' through 14"' and each stem 12' through 12"' includes sizes printed thereon which correspond to the sizes of available prosthetic femoral component implants.
  • a surgeon can choose a two-piece trial prosthesis and determine which of a number (usually a dozen or more) of implants he should employ.
  • the surgeon can mix and match until he obtains a proper fit, always knowing that he cannot form a trial component which does not correspond to an actual implant he has available. It can be seen that other methods other than use of a key and keyway can be utilized to ensure that mismatched trial bodies and stems cannot be combined.
  • the surgeon is supplied with a limited number of femoral prosthetic components for implantation into the femur. He is then supplied with a series of trial body portions, one corresponding in size to each size body portion on an implantable prosthesis. Likewise, he is supplied with a group of stem portions corresponding in size to stems provided on the implantable prosthetic femoral components.
  • the surgeon first pre ⁇ pares a proximal femur, which is normally the case, making a 90o cut utilizing surfaces 16 or 18 of a trial body 14 either as a saw guide or as a means to check a 90o free ⁇ hand cut. Since stem 12 is not attached to the trial body portion 14 at this time, the surgeon can easily check the accuracy of his cut.
  • the surgeon may now prepare the intramedullary canal of the femur with the use of a trial stem portion 12.
  • the surgeon will first insert various trial stem sizes such as 12', 12", 12"' to see which fits the patient best. If a stem size fits well without any bone excavation in the femoral canal, he can quickly move ahead to the next phase of the operation. If none of the trial stem sizes fit adequately, the surgeon then prepares the femoral canal using rasps and/or reamers, as is well known. The surgeon can then quickly asses the fit of stem 12 and, if necessary, prepare the bone quickly because he can clearly see the stem within the femoral canal as body portion 14 is not attached thereto at this point.
  • the surgeon attaches the trial stem 12 chosen with the chosen proximal body portion 14 and places the assembled unit into position within the bone. Since the available sizes of prosthetic femoral components (such as 50, 52) have been chosen to cover a vast majority of patients, it is highly unlikely that there will be no correctly sized trial body 14 available for chosen stem 12, i.e. it is very unlikely that a patient would need a large stem (such as 12"' ) and a small size body (such as 14').
  • the units may be assembled by sliding male element 28 into female opening 30 causing ball 38 to be pressed downward and then moving upward and engaging surface 40 to thereby lock body portion 14 to stem 12.
  • a key system 32, 34 is utilized to ensure that only trial components corresponding to the limited number of implantable femoral prosthetic components such as 50, 52 can be formed.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Pour préparer et prendre les dimensions de la cavité fémorale avant d'implanter une prothèse fémorale, on utilise un kit d'essai de prothèse fémorale comprenant plusieurs éléments. Le kit d'essai comporte au moins trois parties de tiges (12) d'essai de tailles différentes et au moins trois parties de corps (14) d'essai de tailles différentes. Les parties de tige et de corps sont pourvues d'éléments mâles (28) et femelles (30) appariés qui permettent de fixer solidement les parties de tige sur les parties de corps. Pour être sûr que les parties de tige et de corps ainsi raccordées forment une prothèse fémorale d'essai dont la taille correspond à un implant fémoral orthopédique existant et disponible, les éléments mâles et femelles comprennent une clé (32) et une rainure de clé (34) dont les dimensions sont telles que seules des parties de tige et de corps d'essai correspondant à un implant fémoral existant peuvent être combinées et utilisée pour servir de prothèse fémorale d'essai.
EP91915217A 1990-09-04 1991-06-19 Systeme d'essai modulaire de remplacement de la hanche Expired - Lifetime EP0548109B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US577999 1990-09-04
US07/577,999 US5100407A (en) 1990-09-04 1990-09-04 Modular trial hip replacement system
PCT/US1991/004148 WO1992003993A1 (fr) 1990-09-04 1991-06-19 Systeme d'essai modulaire de remplacement de la hanche

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0548109A1 true EP0548109A1 (fr) 1993-06-30
EP0548109B1 EP0548109B1 (fr) 1994-12-07

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US (1) US5100407A (fr)
EP (1) EP0548109B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0817788B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE114956T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2089734C (fr)
DE (2) DE9190125U1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0548109T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2065056T3 (fr)
IE (1) IE65275B1 (fr)
IL (1) IL99334A (fr)
PT (1) PT98847B (fr)
WO (1) WO1992003993A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0817788B2 (ja) 1996-02-28
IL99334A (en) 1995-07-31
DK0548109T3 (da) 1995-03-06
WO1992003993A1 (fr) 1992-03-19
ES2065056T3 (es) 1995-02-01
IL99334A0 (en) 1992-07-15
CA2089734A1 (fr) 1992-03-05
IE65275B1 (en) 1995-10-18
PT98847B (pt) 1999-02-26
CA2089734C (fr) 1996-01-30
IE913099A1 (en) 1992-03-11
JPH06500026A (ja) 1994-01-06
ATE114956T1 (de) 1994-12-15
EP0548109B1 (fr) 1994-12-07
DE69105739D1 (de) 1995-01-19
DE69105739T2 (de) 1995-04-27
PT98847A (pt) 1994-01-31
DE9190125U1 (de) 1993-04-29
US5100407A (en) 1992-03-31

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