EP0547953B1 - Electric vehicle - Google Patents
Electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0547953B1 EP0547953B1 EP92403382A EP92403382A EP0547953B1 EP 0547953 B1 EP0547953 B1 EP 0547953B1 EP 92403382 A EP92403382 A EP 92403382A EP 92403382 A EP92403382 A EP 92403382A EP 0547953 B1 EP0547953 B1 EP 0547953B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- storage batteries
- driver
- vehicle according
- leg
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
Definitions
- the present invention essentially relates to an improved three-seater electric vehicle.
- Electric vehicles have already been proposed comprising, in general, a set of batteries which supply an electric motor connected to the rear wheels of the vehicle by a transmission and which have a T-shaped configuration as described in the preamble of claim 1 ( see document US-A-3983952).
- the present invention aims to solve these problems by providing a small electric vehicle very comfortable for passengers and having virtually all the qualities found on modern modern vehicles and namely: passenger comfort, boot space -protected rear, low center of gravity, small yaw inertia, and excellent behavior of the vehicle in the event of a frontal impact.
- the subject of the invention is an improved electric vehicle comprising a set of batteries which supplies an electric motor connected by a transmission to the rear wheels of the vehicle, and which has a T-shaped configuration whose central branch is located in the median longitudinal axis of the vehicle and whose transverse branch is transverse to said axis, characterized in that it comprises three seats with seats arranged above the battery assembly, and namely: a driver's seat whose seat is located above the branch central T; and two individual passenger seats behind the driver's seat on each side of it and on either side of the central branch of the T, the seats of these two seats being located above the transverse branch of the T, the all of the batteries being located at ground clearance, and the floor on which the feet of the driver and passengers rest also being located at said ground clearance.
- the battery assembly is surrounded by a tubular structure constituting the chassis of the vehicle.
- tubular structure essentially comprises two parallel beams located to the right of the sides of the vehicle, two other parallel beams located on each side of the central branch of the T, two cross beams in front of the transverse branch of the T, and a another cross in front of the central branch of the T.
- the chassis comprises a part extending towards the front of the vehicle and acting as shock absorber.
- the batteries are contained in a screwed case on the underside of the chassis and are covered by the vehicle floor.
- the electric motor powered by the batteries is screwed under the vehicle floor and located approximately in the axis of the rear wheels.
- an electric vehicle according to this invention comprises a set of batteries B located at the ground clearance of the vehicle (see Figures 1 and 3), and having a T-shaped configuration.
- the vertical (central) branch 1 of the T is located in the median longitudinal axis X-X 'of the vehicle, while the horizontal (transverse) branch 2 of the T is transverse to said axis.
- a driver's seat has been shown at 3, the seat 4 of which is located above the vertical branch 1 of the T, that is to say in the median longitudinal axis XX ′ of the vehicle. Therefore, the driver, who is in the center of the vehicle is placed between the two front wheel arches RAV, this which makes it possible to make a short vehicle, without preventing large steering angles. Of plus, the driver's comfort and visibility are perfect, due to its central location in the vehicle.
- the vehicle can accommodate two passengers on one side and the other of the front seat 3, as can be understood by referring to Figure 2 where a single rear passenger has been shown.
- the seat 5 of the two rear seats 6 is located above the horizontal branch 2 of the T constituting the battery assembly B.
- This set of batteries located at ground clearance and therefore giving the vehicle a very low center of gravity, is nested in a tubular structure constituting the chassis of the vehicle and surrounding said set.
- the longitudinal members 7 and 8 extend towards the front of the vehicle as shown in 11 and 12 in FIG. 2 to thereby produce a front structure capable of absorbing shocks, the driver's feet and the spare tire 13 being located in a way between these parts 11 and 12.
- FIG. 1 The floor of the vehicle has been shown at 14 in FIG. 1 which, as seen in FIG. 4 covers the set of batteries B. More specifically, this set is contained in a housing 15 whose bottom 16 is fixed, by example screwed onto the underside of the tubular structure forming the chassis of the vehicle. It is clearly seen in FIG. 4 that the box 15 is, at the level of the vertical branch 1 of the T, screwed onto the side members 8.
- This motor 17 is, as can be seen in FIG. 1, fixed, for example screwed under the floor 14 of the vehicle and it is located approximately in the axis of the rear wheels RAR.
- the electric motor 2 is not located in the median longitudinal axis XX ′ of the vehicle to make room for a reduction gear and a differential 18 which, according to the example shown, are on the side of the right rear wheel.
- the transmission to the left rear wheel passes axially through the motor shaft 2 which is hollow.
- the drive shaft on the left rear wheel side is connected to the differential 18 in passing through the hollow motor shaft.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 The front suspension of the vehicle is shown at 20 in FIGS. 1 to 3, which is of the Mac Pherson spring type and allows the wheels to pivot on the order of 45 ° on each side.
- a three-seater electric vehicle which is short and does not cause any discomfort for the driver's knees, just as the rear passengers can get on and off without disturbing the driver and vice versa if the vehicle has three doors .
- the length available in front of the driver's feet can be used to create an efficient structure in the event of a frontal impact, the driver, due to its central location in the vehicle, being moreover well protected from side impacts to the arrangement described above of the side members constituting the chassis.
- the batteries being arranged along the axis of the vehicle, the yaw inertia will be small.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
La présente invention a essentiellement pour objet un véhicule électrique perfectionné à trois places.The present invention essentially relates to an improved three-seater electric vehicle.
On a déjà proposé des véhicules électriques comprenant, d'une manière générale, un ensemble de batteries qui alimentent un moteur électrique relié aux roues arrière du véhicule par une transmission et qui présentent une configuration en T comme décrit dans le préambule de la revendication 1 (voir document US-A-3983952).Electric vehicles have already been proposed comprising, in general, a set of batteries which supply an electric motor connected to the rear wheels of the vehicle by a transmission and which have a T-shaped configuration as described in the preamble of claim 1 ( see document US-A-3983952).
Cependant, jusqu'à présent, les éléments mécaniques et les batteries du véhicule ne constituaient pas un ensemble harmonieux et tenant compte notamment du confort des passagers, des problèmes en cas de choc frontal et du centre de gravité qui doit être le plus bas possible.However, until now, the mechanical elements and the batteries of the vehicle did not constitute a harmonious unit and taking into account in particular the comfort of the passengers, the problems in the event of a frontal impact and the center of gravity which must be as low as possible.
Tous ces problèmes tiennent notamment aux difficultés d'implantation des batteries qui possèdent une masse et un volume importants et dont le positionnement dans le véhicule est délicat.All these problems are due in particular to the difficulties of installing batteries which have a large mass and volume and whose positioning in the vehicle is delicate.
Aussi, la présente invention a pour but de résoudre ces problèmes en proposant un petit véhicule électrique très confortable pour les passagers et possédant pratiquement toutes les qualités que l'on trouve sur les véhicules modernes actuels et à savoir : confort des passagers, volume du coffre-arrière préservé, centre de gravité bas, inertie en lacet petite, et excellent comportement du véhicule en cas de choc frontal.Also, the present invention aims to solve these problems by providing a small electric vehicle very comfortable for passengers and having virtually all the qualities found on modern modern vehicles and namely: passenger comfort, boot space -protected rear, low center of gravity, small yaw inertia, and excellent behavior of the vehicle in the event of a frontal impact.
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un véhicule électrique perfectionné comprenant un ensemble de batteries qui alimente un moteur électrique relié par une transmission aux roues arrière du véhicule, et qui présente une configuration en T dont la branche centrale est située dans l'axe longitudinal médian du véhicule et dont la branche transversale est transversale audit axe, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte trois sièges à assises disposées au-dessus de l'ensemble de batteries, et à savoir : un siège conducteur dont l'assise est située au-dessus de la branche centrale du T ; et deux sièges individuels passagers derrière le siège conducteur de chaque côté de celui-ci et de part et d'autre de la branche centrale du T, les assises de ces deux sièges étant situées au-dessus de la branche transversale du T, l'ensemble des batteries étant situé au niveau de la garde au sol, et le plancher sur lequel reposent les pieds du conducteur et des passagers étant également situé au niveau de ladite garde au sol.To this end, the subject of the invention is an improved electric vehicle comprising a set of batteries which supplies an electric motor connected by a transmission to the rear wheels of the vehicle, and which has a T-shaped configuration whose central branch is located in the median longitudinal axis of the vehicle and whose transverse branch is transverse to said axis, characterized in that it comprises three seats with seats arranged above the battery assembly, and namely: a driver's seat whose seat is located above the branch central T; and two individual passenger seats behind the driver's seat on each side of it and on either side of the central branch of the T, the seats of these two seats being located above the transverse branch of the T, the all of the batteries being located at ground clearance, and the floor on which the feet of the driver and passengers rest also being located at said ground clearance.
Suivant une autre caractéristique du véhicule de l'invention, l'ensemble de batteries est ceinturé par une structure tubulaire constituant le châssis du véhicule.According to another characteristic of the vehicle of the invention, the battery assembly is surrounded by a tubular structure constituting the chassis of the vehicle.
On précisera encore ici que la structure tubulaire précitée comprend essentiellement deux longerons parallèles situés au droit des côtés du véhicule, deux autres longerons parallèles situés de chaque côté de la branche centrale du T, deux traverses en avant de la branche transversale du T, et une autre traverse en avant de la branche centrale du T.It will also be specified here that the above-mentioned tubular structure essentially comprises two parallel beams located to the right of the sides of the vehicle, two other parallel beams located on each side of the central branch of the T, two cross beams in front of the transverse branch of the T, and a another cross in front of the central branch of the T.
Suivant une autre caractéristique de cette invention, le châssis comporte une partie se prolongeant vers l'avant du véhicule et faisant office d'absorbeur de chocs.According to another characteristic of this invention, the chassis comprises a part extending towards the front of the vehicle and acting as shock absorber.
Les batteries sont contenues dans un boîtier vissé sur le dessous du châssis et sont recouvertes par le plancher du véhicule.The batteries are contained in a screwed case on the underside of the chassis and are covered by the vehicle floor.
Le moteur électrique alimenté par les batteries est vissé sous le plancher du véhicule et situé environ dans l'axe des roues arrière.The electric motor powered by the batteries is screwed under the vehicle floor and located approximately in the axis of the rear wheels.
Mais d'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la descriptioon détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple, et dans lesquels :
- La figure 1 est une vue schématique de côté et en élévation d'un véhicule conforme aux principes de l'invention.
- La figure 2 est une vue de dessus de ce véhicule.
- La figure 3 est une vue côté avant du véhicule.
- La figure 4 est une vue schématique et en coupe suivant la ligne IV-IV de la figure 2.
- Figure 1 is a schematic side view in elevation of a vehicle according to the principles of the invention.
- Figure 2 is a top view of this vehicle.
- Figure 3 is a front side view of the vehicle.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view in section along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2.
En se reportant aux figures, on voit qu'un véhicule électrique selon cette invention comprend un ensemble de batteries B situé au niveau de la garde au sol du véhicule (voir figures 1 et 3), et présentant une configuration en T.Referring to the figures, it can be seen that an electric vehicle according to this invention comprises a set of batteries B located at the ground clearance of the vehicle (see Figures 1 and 3), and having a T-shaped configuration.
La branche verticale (centrale) 1 du T est située dans l'axe longitudinal médian X-X' du véhicule, tandis que la branche horizontale (transversale) 2 du T est transversale audit axe.The vertical (central)
On a montré en 3 un siège conducteur dont l'assise 4 est située au-dessus de la branche verticale 1 du T, c'est-a-dire dans l'axe longitudinal médian X-X' du véhicule. Dès lors, le conducteur, qui se trouve au centre du véhicule est placé entre les deux passages de roue avant RAV, ce qui permet de réaliser un véhicule court, sans empêcher les grands angles de braquage. De plus, le confort et la visibilité du conducteur sont parfaits, en raison de sa situation centrale dans le véhicule.A driver's seat has been shown at 3, the seat 4 of which is located above the
A l'arrière, le véhicule peut loger deux passagers d'un côté et de l'autre du siège avant 3, comme on peut le comprendre en se reportant à la figure 2 où un seul passager arrière a été représenté.At the rear, the vehicle can accommodate two passengers on one side and the other of the front seat 3, as can be understood by referring to Figure 2 where a single rear passenger has been shown.
L'assise 5 des deux sièges arrière 6 est située au-dessus de la branche horizontale 2 du T constituant l'ensemble de batteries B.The
Cet ensemble de batteries situé au niveau de la garde au sol et conférant par conséquent au véhicule un centre de gravité très bas, est imbriqué dans une structure tubulaire constituant le châssis du véhicule et ceinturant ledit ensemble.This set of batteries located at ground clearance and therefore giving the vehicle a very low center of gravity, is nested in a tubular structure constituting the chassis of the vehicle and surrounding said set.
Cette structure tubulaire est réalisée à partir de tubes à section rectangulaire et, comme on le voit sur la figure 2, comprend les éléments suivants :
- deux longerons parallèles 7 situés au droit des côtés du véhicule;
- deux autres longerons parallèles 8 adjacents à ou situés de chaque côté de la branche verticale 1 du T constituant l'ensemble de batteries B;
- deux
traverses 9 en avant de et parallèles à la branche horizontale 2 du T; et - une autre traverse 10 en avant de la branche verticale 1 du T et reliant les deux
longerons 8.
- two parallel beams 7 located to the right of the sides of the vehicle;
- two other
parallel beams 8 adjacent to or located on each side of thevertical branch 1 of the T constituting the battery assembly B; - two
crosspieces 9 in front of and parallel to thehorizontal branch 2 of the T; and - another
cross member 10 in front of thevertical branch 1 of the T and connecting the twoside members 8.
Les longerons 7 et 8 se prolongent vers l'avant du véhicule comme montré en 11 et 12 sur la figure 2 pour réaliser ainsi une structure avant susceptible d'absorber les chocs les pieds du conducteur et la roue de secours 13 étant en quelque sorte situés entre ces parties 11 et 12.The
On a montré en 14 sur la figure 1 le plancher du véhicule qui, comme on le voit sur la figure 4 recouvre l'ensemble de batteries B. Plus précisément, cet ensemble est contenu dans un boîtier 15 dont le fond 16 est fixé, par exemple vissé sur le dessous de la structure tubulaire formant châssis du véhicule. On voit clairement sur la figure 4 que le boîtier 15 est, au niveau de la branche verticale 1 du T, vissé sur les longerons 8.The floor of the vehicle has been shown at 14 in FIG. 1 which, as seen in FIG. 4 covers the set of batteries B. More specifically, this set is contained in a
On a montré en 17 sur la figure 2 un moteur électrique alimenté par l'ensemble de batteries B et se trouvant à l'arrière du véhicule, ce qui permet de charger l'essieu arrière et donc de bien exploiter le freinage électrique permis par le moteur.We have shown in 17 in Figure 2 an electric motor powered by the battery pack B and located at the rear of the vehicle, which allows the rear axle to be charged and therefore to make good use of the electric braking permitted by the engine.
Ce moteur 17 est, comme on peut le voir sur la figure 1, fixé, par exemple vissé sous le plancher 14 du véhicule et il est situé environ dans l'axe des roues arrière RAR.This
Le moteur électrique 2 n'est pas situé dans l'axe longitudinal médian X-X' du véhicule pour laisser la place à un réducteur et un différentiel 18 qui, suivant l'exemple représenté, sont du côté de la roue arrière droite. La transmission vers la roue arrière gauche passe axialement par l'arbre du moteur 2 qui est creux. Autrement dit, l'arbre de transmission du côté de la roue arrière gauche est relié au différentiel 18 en passant à travers l'arbre creux du moteur. On voit en 19 les tripodes qui assurent la transmission tout en permettant le débattement des roues arrière et qui sont symétriques par rapport à l'axe X-X' du véhicule.The
On a montré en 20 sur les figures 1 à 3 la suspension avant du véhicule qui est du type Mac Pherson à ressort et permet un pivotement des roues de l'ordre de 45° de chaque côté.The front suspension of the vehicle is shown at 20 in FIGS. 1 to 3, which is of the Mac Pherson spring type and allows the wheels to pivot on the order of 45 ° on each side.
On a donc réalisé suivant l'invention un véhicule électrique à trois places qui est court et ne procure aucune gêne pour les genoux du conducteur, de même que les passagers arrière peuvent descendre et monter sans gêner le conducteur et inversement si le véhicule comporte trois portes. En outre, la longueur disponible devant les pieds du conducteur peut être consacrée à la réalisation d'une structure performante en cas de choc frontal, le conducteur, du fait de sa situation centrale dans le véhicule, étant par ailleurs bien protégé des chocs latéraux grâce à l'agencement décrit ci-dessus des longerons constituant le châssis. Il faut encore ajouter que les batteries étant agencées suivant l'axe du véhicule, l'inertie en lacet sera petite.We have therefore produced according to the invention a three-seater electric vehicle which is short and does not cause any discomfort for the driver's knees, just as the rear passengers can get on and off without disturbing the driver and vice versa if the vehicle has three doors . In addition, the length available in front of the driver's feet can be used to create an efficient structure in the event of a frontal impact, the driver, due to its central location in the vehicle, being moreover well protected from side impacts to the arrangement described above of the side members constituting the chassis. It should also be added that the batteries being arranged along the axis of the vehicle, the yaw inertia will be small.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est nullement limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et illustré qui n'a été donné qu'à titre d'exemple.Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described and illustrated, which has been given only by way of example.
Claims (6)
- Electric vehicle comprising a system of storage batteries (B) which feeds an electric motor (17) connected by a transmission to the rear wheels (RAR) of the vehicle and which exhibits a T-shaped configuration the central leg (1) of which is located on the longitudinal middle axis (X-X') of the vehicle and the transverse leg (2) of which is transverse to the said axis, characterized in that it comprises three seats with seating parts disposed above the system of storage batteries (B), namely : a driver's seat (3) the seating part (4) of which is located above the central leg (1) of the T ; and two individual passenger seats (6) behind the driver's seat (3) on either side thereof and on either side of the central leg (1) of the T, the seating parts (5) of these two seats being located above the transverse leg (2) of the T, the system of storage batteries (B) being located at the level of the ground clearance and the floor (14) upon which are resting the feet of the driver and of the passengers being also located at the level of the said ground clearance.
- Vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the system of storage batteries (B) is surrounded by a tubular structure constituting the chassis of the vehicle.
- Vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aforesaid tubular structure essentially comprises two parallel longitudinal members (7) located on the sides of the vehicle, two other parallel longitudinal members (8) located on either side of the central leg (1) of the T, two cross-members (9) forward of the transverse leg (2) of the T and another cross-member (10) forward of the central leg (1) of the T.
- Vehicle according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the chassis comprises a part (11, 12) extending towards the front portion of the vehicle and performing the function of a shock absorber.
- Vehicle according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the storage batteries (B) are contained in a casing (15) fastened by screws to the underside of the chassis and are covered by the floor (14) of the vehicle.
- Vehicle according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that it comprises an electric motor (17) fastened by screws underneath the floor (14) of the vehicle and located approximately on the axis of the rear wheels.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9115652A FR2684932B1 (en) | 1991-12-17 | 1991-12-17 | IMPROVED ELECTRIC VEHICLE. |
| FR9115652 | 1991-12-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0547953A1 EP0547953A1 (en) | 1993-06-23 |
| EP0547953B1 true EP0547953B1 (en) | 1995-09-20 |
Family
ID=9420131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92403382A Expired - Lifetime EP0547953B1 (en) | 1991-12-17 | 1992-12-11 | Electric vehicle |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0547953B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69204973T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2684932B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009000564A1 (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2010-12-30 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn | Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle preferably in compact design |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4338624A1 (en) * | 1993-11-12 | 1995-05-18 | Grebner Friedrich Dipl Ing | Small electrically powered vehicle with 2.3 metre max. length |
| DE4412450A1 (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-10-26 | Daimler Benz Ag | Arrangement of a drive unit in an electric vehicle |
| US20030075369A1 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-04-24 | Jones Michael L. | Bearing system for vehicle motor and axle |
| GB0704966D0 (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2007-04-25 | Murray Ian G | Compact vehicle seatings arangement |
| FR2934817B1 (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2011-05-20 | Heuliez | VEHICLE OF SMALL SIZE. |
| FR2936484B1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-06-17 | Heuliez | VEHICLE WITH ELECTRICAL PROPULSION |
| FR2954232B1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2012-04-20 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | MOTOR VEHICLE COMPRISING AN ELECTROMOTIVE UNIT AND ITS POWER SUPPLY MODULE ARRANGED AT THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF A VEHICLE RUNNING TRAIN |
| FR2955077B1 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2012-04-27 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | VEHICLE HAVING A FLOOR SUITABLE FOR RECEIVING A BATTERY AND A REINFORCING BEAM |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1875627A (en) * | 1930-07-03 | 1932-09-06 | Goodman Mfg Co | Storage battery locomotive |
| US3477538A (en) * | 1967-04-12 | 1969-11-11 | Ford Motor Co | Electric propulsion motor vehicle |
| US3983952A (en) * | 1970-11-16 | 1976-10-05 | Mckee Robert S | Electric vehicle having backbone containing tray of power cells |
| DE2522844C3 (en) * | 1975-05-23 | 1979-01-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Electrically powered vehicles, in particular passenger cars |
| GB1598569A (en) * | 1977-04-22 | 1981-09-23 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Vehicles |
| US4365681A (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1982-12-28 | General Motors Corporation | Battery support structure |
-
1991
- 1991-12-17 FR FR9115652A patent/FR2684932B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-12-11 EP EP92403382A patent/EP0547953B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-11 DE DE69204973T patent/DE69204973T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009000564A1 (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2010-12-30 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn | Vehicle, in particular motor vehicle preferably in compact design |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2684932A1 (en) | 1993-06-18 |
| DE69204973T2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
| EP0547953A1 (en) | 1993-06-23 |
| FR2684932B1 (en) | 1996-09-06 |
| DE69204973D1 (en) | 1995-10-26 |
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