EP0545762B1 - Kurzwellendipol und Drehantenne mit derartigen Dipolen - Google Patents

Kurzwellendipol und Drehantenne mit derartigen Dipolen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0545762B1
EP0545762B1 EP19920403125 EP92403125A EP0545762B1 EP 0545762 B1 EP0545762 B1 EP 0545762B1 EP 19920403125 EP19920403125 EP 19920403125 EP 92403125 A EP92403125 A EP 92403125A EP 0545762 B1 EP0545762 B1 EP 0545762B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dipole
dipoles
beams
wave
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920403125
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0545762A1 (de
Inventor
François Thomson-CSF SCPI Ursenbach
François Thomson-CSF SCPI Raffin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0545762A1 publication Critical patent/EP0545762A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0545762B1 publication Critical patent/EP0545762B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the dipoles used in HF and to the antennas using these dipoles.
  • the rotating antennas are particularly concerned with the dipole according to the invention; it is moreover by seeking to improve the rotating antennas that the dipole according to the invention was designed.
  • HF antennas with a dipole network
  • the known antennas have vertical arrays made of dipoles regularly distributed in superimposed lines and in columns, and an array of antenna dipoles is presented substantially like a rectangle or a square.
  • a reflector generally made up of parallel wires and this reflector which, too, is substantially like a rectangle or a square of dimensions substantially greater than those of the network, is arranged parallel to the network of dipoles.
  • Rotating antennas do not have only one mast arranged vertically in the middle of the antenna; horizontal beams are fixed to the mast substantially all in the same plane while metal arms fixed to the beams and associated with cables and insulators, maintain the different layers.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid this drawback.
  • a rigid whole wave dipole for the HF range intended to be fixed with its own fixing means on a support, comprising a proper dipole, the actual dipole being made of two half dipoles each having a first free end and a second end facing the second end of the other half dipole, characterized in that it comprises a reactance arm, this arm reactance being made of two parallel beams and a short-circuit device between the two beams, the beams were fixed at their first end respectively on the second ends of the dipoles proper and being intended to be fixed on the support at their second end, and each half-dipole presenting itself as an elongated cage, with a stiffening element to ensure the rigidity of the cage.
  • a rotary antenna in HF equipped with dipoles of the kind described in the previous paragraph comprising a proper dipole, the actual dipole being made of two half dipoles each having a first free end and a second end facing the second end of the other half dipole, characterized in that it comprises a reactance arm, this arm
  • FIG. 1 shows a rigid whole wave dipole M intended to operate with an average wavelength, ⁇ , of 35.44 m corresponding to a frequency of approximately 8.5 MHz.
  • This whole wave dipole E1 comprises a dipole proper D1 and a reactance arm S1 called a stub in the Anglo-Saxon literature; the assembly is fixed to a horizontal beam P1 which is itself fixed, at one of its ends, to the central mast M, not shown, of a rotary antenna which will be described with the aid of FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the reactance arm S1 consists of two parallel beams Sa and Sb connected by a short circuit I made of two parallel metal rods.
  • the two beams have the same length of 0.25 ⁇ , a center distance of 1.5 meters and are bolted at their first end to the beam P1.
  • the two short-circuit rods I are arranged at a distance of 0.13 ⁇ from the second end of the beams, that is to say from the point of attachment of the actual dipole D1; this distance is adjusted to ensure correct input independence of the actual dipole, D1, in the whole frequency range of operation, namely 6-11 MHz, and thus obtain a ROS (: stationary wave ratio, called SWR or standing -wave ratio in the Anglo-Saxon literature) less than 2 for the actual dipole.
  • ROS stationary wave ratio
  • the actual dipole D1 has a total length of 0.76 ⁇ ; it consists of two half-dipoles Da, Db which are each in the form of an elongated cage whose rigidity is ensured by a stiffening element, T, made of a tube in two parts, T1 and T2, and of two pieces of gasket A, B.
  • the two parts of the tube, T1 and T2 are in line with one another; the first, T1, is welded to the corresponding beam, Sb, and has a diameter of 20 cm, and the second, T2, has a diameter of 10 cm.
  • the two trim pieces A, B of the stiffening element T are constituted by disks of 1.2 meters in diameter, arranged in the vicinity of the ends of the tube T1-T2,
  • the "bars" the cage are formed, for each half-dipole, by 12 wires of 6 mm in diameter, fixed at their ends to the ends of the tube T1-T2; these wires are regularly distributed around the periphery of the trim pieces A, B on which they are based.
  • This embodiment of the dipole proper makes it possible to give a conceivable electrical diameter to the dipole in order to provide it with sufficient impedance and bandwidth, and this with half-dipoles Da, Db arranged in cantilever but having a weight and reduced wind resistance.
  • the dipole which has just been described is connected directly to the earth by a conductive link which comprises the beams Sa, Sb, the beam P1 and the mast of the antenna.
  • the dipole according to FIG. 1 can either be supplied using a two-wire line, as with the wired full-wave dipoles and the half-wave dipoles, or using a coaxial line, as in the embodiment which served in the this description; this avoids having to have a balun (balun in Anglo-Saxon literature) between the output of the transmitter, which is almost always done in coaxial, and the dipole.
  • a balun balun in Anglo-Saxon literature
  • the coaxial cable of the supply line of the dipole D1 passes inside the beam Sb and its external conductor is directly fixed on the beam Sb; but it is also possible to use the beam Sb as the external conductor of the coaxial cable, the internal conductor then having to be separated from the beam by electrical insulators throughout its journey inside this beam and the lifting beam be covered with conducting wires if the angles which make up this beam do not form meshes small enough to constitute an electrical barrier sufficiently tight in the range of the working frequencies of the dipole.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show a double rotary antenna, for HF, 82 meters high and 64 meters wide, which includes a support and two antennas proper: a low range antenna working in the radio bands from 6 to 11 MHz and a high range antenna working in the radio bands from 11 to 21 MHz.
  • the support comprises a hollow base, in masonry, forming a room L inside which are placed transmitters.
  • a mechanical assembly with a drive shaft rotates a crown C arranged on the roof of the room.
  • This crown is integral with the lower end of a vertical mast M on which are fixed eight horizontal beams P1 to P8 arranged in the same vertical plane; twenty reactance arms S1 to S8 and s1 to s12 are integral with the beams.
  • Rigid bars constituting crutches, such as J, or spacers, such as K, are mounted in the vicinity of the ends of some of the beams, and is arranged substantially in the plane of these beams.
  • Guy lines, such as H connect the beams to the mast at an oblique angle.
  • the mast has three parts: a vertical cylindrical barrel with circular cross section, surmounted by a vertical lattice beam, itself surmounted by an assembly formed by two bars welded at one of their ends to form an acute angle with point turned upwards.
  • the low range antenna is an antenna of the HR 4/4 / 0.5 type, that is to say that it comprises a curtain of horizontal dipoles, H, with reflector, R, with two full wave dipoles (substantially equivalent to 4 half-wave dipoles) per line and 4 per column in the curtain and with a height of the first line of dipoles from the ground equal to 0.5 times the average operating wavelength of this antenna.
  • the dipole curtain of the low range antenna thus consists of 8 dipoles D1 to D8 fixed to the reactance arms as shown in Figure 1; these dipoles are arranged in the same vertical plane parallel to the vertical plane of the beams.
  • the low range antenna includes a reflector Rb parallel to the vertical plane of the dipoles D1 to D8 and resting on the faces of the beams P1 to P8 closest to the plane of the dipoles D1 to D8; this reflector Rb is made of a layer of horizontal wires.
  • the horizontal wires of the reflector Rb are held by a border cable which passes through the top of the mast M and through the free ends of the crutches such as J; the spacing between the horizontal wires of the reflector Rb is kept using vertical cables, not shown, on which the horizontal wires are fixed at regular intervals.
  • the reflector Rb of the low range antenna has not been drawn in full in FIG. 2, so as to allow the high range antenna which is placed behind it to be seen, and, in FIG. 3, it has been represented schematically by a dashed line which symbolizes its trace in the plane of the figure.
  • the high range antenna is an antenna of the HR 4/6 / 0.75 type, that is to say that it comprises a curtain of horizontal dipoles, H, with reflector, R, with two full wave dipoles per line and 6 per column in the curtain and with a height of the first line of dipoles relative to the ground equal to 0.75 times the average wavelength of operation of this antenna.
  • the dipole curtain of the high range antenna therefore consists of 12 dipoles, d1 to d12, fixed to the reactance arms as shown in Figure 1; these dipoles are arranged in the same vertical plane parallel to the vertical plane of the beams.
  • the high range antenna includes a reflector, Rh, made of a vertical sheet of horizontal wires, arranged in the plane parallel to the plane of the reflector Rb, on the other side of the beams P1 to P8; the horizontal wires of the reflector Rh are held in a frame delimited by the upper beams P7, P8, by edge cables, held at their lower end by two crutches respectively secured at one of their ends to the lower beams P1, P2; the spacing between the horizontal wires of the reflector Rh is kept using the vertical cables not shown, on which the horizontal wires are fixed at regular intervals.
  • the reflector Rh has not been shown in its entirety in FIG. 2 in order to reveal the dipole curtain of the high range antenna which is behind it, and, in FIG. 3, it has been represented schematically by a dashed line which symbolizes its trace in the plane of the figure.
  • the invention is not limited to the example described, this is how the cage of the half wave dipoles can be produced with a wire mesh.
  • the element stiffener T can be formed in different ways and in particular by one or more bars of the cage.
  • the dipole according to the invention if it is particularly advantageous to use in rotary antennas in the HF, can also be used, still in HF, to constitute for example a fixed antenna with a single mast and dipoles directly attached to this mast or a fixed antenna with several masts and, optionally, beams between the masts and dipoles directly attached to the masts and possibly on beams.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Starrer Ganzwellen-Dipol für den Kurzwellenbereich ab 10 Meter, der mit seinen eigenen Befestigungsmitteln an einem Träger (P1) befestigt werden soll und einen eigentlichen Dipol (D1) besitzt, der aus zwei Halb-Dipolen (Da, Db) mit je einem freien ersten Ende und einem zweiten Ende gegenüber dem zweiten Ende des anderen Halb-Dipols besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er einen Reaktanzarm (S1) besitzt, der aus zwei parallelen Streben (Sa, Sb) und einer Kurzschlußvorrichtung (I) zwischen den beiden Streben besteht, wobei die Streben mit ihrem jeweiligen ersten Ende an den zweiten Enden der eigentlichen Dipole befestigt sind und mit ihrem zweiten Ende am Träger (P1) befestigt werden sollen und wobei jeder Halb-Dipol als ein länglicher Käfig ausgebildet ist, der ein Versteifungselement (T) besitzt, um die Stabilität des Käfigs zu gewährleisten.
  2. Ganzwellen-Dipol nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Versteifungselement ein Rohr (T1, T2) und zwei Garnituren (A, B) aufweist, deren Abmessungen größer als die des Rohrquerschnitts sind und die in der Nähe der beiden Enden des Rohres befestigt sind.
  3. Ganzwellen-Dipol nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Käfig eine Gruppe von parallelen leitenden Drähten aufweist, die zwischen den beiden Garnituren (A, B) ausgespannt sind.
  4. Dipol nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einem Koaxialkabel gespeist wird.
  5. Dipol nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der beiden Streben (Sa, Sb) über ihre Länge den Außenleiter des Koaxialkabels bildet.
  6. Drehende Antenne im Kurzwellenbereich ab 10 Meter, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie Dipole (d1 bis d12, D1 bis D8) gemäß mindestens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche enthält.
EP19920403125 1991-11-29 1992-11-20 Kurzwellendipol und Drehantenne mit derartigen Dipolen Expired - Lifetime EP0545762B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9114816A FR2684490B1 (fr) 1991-11-29 1991-11-29 Dipole en ondes decametriques et antenne tournante equipee de ce dipole.
FR9114816 1991-11-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0545762A1 EP0545762A1 (de) 1993-06-09
EP0545762B1 true EP0545762B1 (de) 1996-08-21

Family

ID=9419511

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920403125 Expired - Lifetime EP0545762B1 (de) 1991-11-29 1992-11-20 Kurzwellendipol und Drehantenne mit derartigen Dipolen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0545762B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH06216629A (de)
CN (1) CN1075575A (de)
CZ (1) CZ341792A3 (de)
DE (1) DE69212964T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2684490B1 (de)
HR (1) HRP921375A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19633379A1 (de) * 1996-08-19 1998-02-26 Thomcast Gmbh Sendeanlagen Fue Antennenanordnung
KR100454103B1 (ko) * 2002-01-30 2004-10-26 주식회사 선우커뮤니케이션 광대역 특성을 갖는 비대칭 평판형 다이폴 안테나 및 이를이용한 다이폴 안테나 어레이 구조
MY146752A (en) * 2009-02-26 2012-09-14 Elite Comm Network Sdn Bhd A portable, low visual impact wireless- / telecommunications pole
CN102544762B (zh) * 2012-01-17 2014-03-12 陕西海通天线有限责任公司 适合近中远通信距离使用的全向短波高增益天线阵
CN113196564A (zh) * 2019-06-21 2021-07-30 安东尼·阿伦·比克 栅格天线

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE868629C (de) * 1943-03-02 1953-02-26 Telefunken Gmbh Dezimeterwellenantenne
DE2752387C2 (de) * 1977-11-24 1981-09-24 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Kurzwellen-Drehantennen-Stand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06216629A (ja) 1994-08-05
FR2684490B1 (fr) 1993-12-31
HRP921375A2 (hr) 1994-04-30
DE69212964T2 (de) 1997-01-23
DE69212964D1 (de) 1996-09-26
EP0545762A1 (de) 1993-06-09
CN1075575A (zh) 1993-08-25
FR2684490A1 (fr) 1993-06-04
CZ341792A3 (en) 1994-03-16

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