EP0235026A1 - Drehbare Vorhangantenne - Google Patents

Drehbare Vorhangantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0235026A1
EP0235026A1 EP87400327A EP87400327A EP0235026A1 EP 0235026 A1 EP0235026 A1 EP 0235026A1 EP 87400327 A EP87400327 A EP 87400327A EP 87400327 A EP87400327 A EP 87400327A EP 0235026 A1 EP0235026 A1 EP 0235026A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
line
doublets
groups
curtain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87400327A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0235026B1 (de
Inventor
François Ursenbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0235026A1 publication Critical patent/EP0235026A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0235026B1 publication Critical patent/EP0235026B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to curtain antennas comprising a rotary support supporting at least one vertical curtain of dipoles and a reflecting part.
  • This reflecting part is made of wires and is arranged behind the curtain or curtains, that is to say, in the case of two curtains, between the curtains.
  • Such antennas are known and are used, for example, in HF; they usually have only one supply line which generally passes through the support and, in the case of two curtains, supplies one or the other of the two curtains by means of a switching device.
  • the firing angle in azimuth of the known antennas is easily adjustable, in any direction, by rotation of the mast.
  • these antennas are not adjustable in elevation because the known solutions for modifying the elevation angle of a fixed curtain antenna, are practically useless on rotary antennas. Indeed they would require the supply of the entire wave doublets of a curtain by groups of doublets, by means of as many lines as there would be groups, in order to be able to disconnect a part of the doublets from the curtain thanks to sets of switching, adaptation and symmetrization placed at the foot of the antenna.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a rotary antenna with a variable radiation pattern.
  • a rotary curtain antenna comprising a rotary support and at least one curtain of doublets, is characterized in that the doublets of the curtain are distributed in n (n positive integer at least equal to 2) groups of at least one doublet , and in that it comprises: a switching device fixed to the support and intended to connect from 0 to n of the n groups; n supply lines for respectively connecting the n groups to the switching device, the impedances brought by each of the n lines on the device being inversely proportional to the number of doublets in the group supplied by the line considered; a down line whose characteristic impedance is substantially the average of the maximum and minimum impedances brought back to the device when the device connects from 1 to n groups; and a dynamic impedance matching device coupled to the descent line.
  • Figures 1 to 3 respectively show the two faces and one of the sides of a double rotary antenna, A, made of two curtains of full wave doublets, d1 to d8 and D1 to D8.
  • This antenna comprises a foot P which supports a mast M secured to three pairs of horizontal arms B1-B2, B3-B4, B5-B6.
  • the two curtains d1 to d8 and D1 to D8 are arranged in parallel vertical planes and are fixed to the arms by means of cables and insulators; like the mode of fixing these curtains is conventional and does not matter in understanding the invention, it will not be described in more detail below.
  • the antenna also includes two reflective screens, N1, N2, made of horizontal metal wires arranged in a vertical plane; in FIGS. 1 and 2 only the cables which stretch these wires have been shown; in Figure 3 the son are shown, in section, very enlarged and less numerous than they actually are, so as to be made visible in this figure.
  • the double antenna, A with an overall height of 85 meters and a span of 76 meters, has two antennas proper: an antenna of the HR 4/4 / 0.5 type for the visible side on the figure 1 (i.e. of the curtain type of horizontal dipoles, H, with reflector, R, with 2 full wave dipoles per line and per column, i.e. the equivalent of 4 half-wave dipoles per line and per column , and having a height of the first doublets from the ground equal to 0.5 times the average operating wavelength) and is of the HR 4/4/1 type for the face visible in FIG. 2.
  • the visible antenna in Figure 1 constitutes what will be called, in what follows, a low frequency antenna and is intended to work in the bands of 6, 7, 9 and 11 MHz.
  • the antenna visible in FIG. 2 constitutes what will be called, in what follows, a high frequency antenna and is intended to work in the bands of 13, 15, 17, 21 and 26 MHz.
  • FIG. 4 shows how the supply of the double antenna, A, of FIGS. 1 to 3 is carried out, from a coaxial feed line F0 arriving at the foot of the antenna. To simplify the explanations, the description of this supply will be made starting with the doublets d1 to d8 of the low frequency antenna.
  • the eight full wave doublets d1 to d8 have a nominal impedance of 480 ohms and an ROS equal to 2 (ROS: standing wave ratio).
  • the eight full wave doublets form two groups of 2 full wave doublets d3 + d4 and d7 + d8 and four groups of a whole wave doublet d1, d2, d5 and d6.
  • the groups are supplied in parallel and in phase, by six symmetrical supply lines, f1 to f6; these lines, all of the same length, start from a switch box G1, placed inside the mast M, halfway up the low frequency antenna; in FIGS.
  • the position of this box as well as that of the G2 box which, as will be seen below, relates to the high frequency antenna, have been indicated.
  • the supply line is produced so as to bring back to the housing G1 an impedance inversely proportional to the number of doublets supplied by this line; thus for groups of two full wave doublets d3 + d4 and d7 + d8 the reduced impedance is 240 ohms with an ROS of 2 while for groups of a single full wave doublet d1, d2, d5 and d6 l reduced impedance is 480 ohms with an ROS of 2.
  • the antenna In the use which is made of the antenna, it is planned to feed either a group of two full wave doublets, or a group of two doublets and the group of a doublet immediately above, or all the groups of a same vertical half of the antenna, either the two groups of two dipoles, or the two groups of two dipoles and the two groups of a dipole immediately above, or all the dipoles of the antenna. Under these conditions it appears that the total impedance brought back on the G1 box is at least 60 ohms (all the groups being supplied) with an ROS of 2, and at most 240 ohms (a single group of two full wave doublets being powered) with always a ROS of 2.
  • the switch box G1 has been symbolized by a block into which comes, from below, a symmetrical line, F3, for supplying the low-frequency antenna and from which the six symmetrical lines f1 to f6 intended for supplying the six groups; six arrows symbolize in this block the six double contact mechanisms ensuring the possible switching under the control of switching signals supplied by a cable, Cd1.
  • a cable, Cd1 the passage of the cable Cd1 inside the mast of the antenna does not pose any problem because the energy required to control the mechanisms of the housing G1 being small, the cable Cd1 is a flexible multi-wire cable which can easily twist when the antenna rotates 360 °.
  • the symmetrical line F3 leads to the switch box G2.
  • the box, G2 which relates to the high frequency antenna, is distinguished from the box G1 only by the presence of a mechanism and an additional output intended to allow, when the mechanism is actuated, the supply of the 'low frequency antenna and, if not, the power of the high frequency antenna; ; aa given that the links between the doublets of the high frequency antenna and the box G2 are identical to those between the doublets of the low frequency antenna and the box G1 and that these two antennas are used in an identical way, a larger one description of the high frequency antenna will not be given in the following.
  • the box G2 When the low frequency antenna is in service, the box G2 only provides the link between the access corresponding to the symmetrical line F3 and the common access corresponding to a symmetrical line F2 coming from the foot of the mast of the antenna; the F2 line is designed to be able to twist + and - 180 ° along its length without mechanical drawbacks and without modifying its electrical characteristics.
  • the symmetrical supply lines F2 and F3 are 120 ohm lines, operating with a maximum ROS equal to 4 since, as indicated above, the minimum impedance brought back to the box can range from 60 to 240 ohms with an ROS of 2; the value 120 ohms of lines F2 and F3 was chosen as corresponding substantially to the average between the minimum and maximum impedances brought back on the G1 box.
  • the two conductors of the symmetrical line F2 are treated separately into two conductors, F1, F1 ′, each of 60 ohms operating with an ROS of 4.
  • Each of these two conductors leads to an adaptation cell of impedance, dynamic, of classical type, constituted by an adjustable inductance, series, L1 and L1 ′, surrounded by two adjustable capacitors, C1, C2 and C1 ′, C2 ′, in derivation on the mass.
  • the value of the inductors and the capacitors is controlled, as a function of the antenna configuration chosen, by a control assembly, not shown, which stores the settings of the elements of these cells.
  • impedance matching cells pass from an impedance of 60 ohms with an ROS of 4, on access receiving the line F1 or F1 ′, to an impedance of 100 ohms with an ROS of the order of 1 to 1 , 3 on the opposite access.
  • the two impedance matching cells are followed by a balancing circuit, S, also of the conventional type, comprising an input by two coaxial lines K1, K1 ′ with characteristic impedance 100 ohms associated with a capacitor C and a line coaxial, F0, with characteristic impedance 50 ohms, which thus has an ROS between 1 and 1.3.
  • S also of the conventional type, comprising an input by two coaxial lines K1, K1 ′ with characteristic impedance 100 ohms associated with a capacitor C and a line coaxial, F0, with characteristic impedance 50 ohms, which thus has an ROS between 1 and 1.3.
  • the balun S is made from a kind of metal box K into which the lines K1 and K1 ′ penetrate on one side and from which the line F0 comes out.
  • the outer conductor of the cable K1 is in contact, over its entire length, with the wall of K while the outer conductor of K1 ′ is in contact with the wall only at the level of the penetration hole, same as the outer conductor of line F0.
  • the inside conductor of line K1 is connected to the outside conductor of line K1 ′, at the end of K1 ′ opposite the impedance matching circuit C1′-L′-C2 ′ ; the internal conductor of line K1 is also connected, in box K, to the internal conductor of line F0 and, through capacitor C, at a point of the junction between the external conductor of line F0 and box K; the inner conductor of the line K1 ′, for its part, is connected to the wall of the box K in the vicinity of the junction of this wall with the outer conductor of the line F0.
  • the embodiment described with the help of FIG. 4 is intended for the connection of a transmitter located in the vicinity of the balun circuit S, that is to say inside or in the immediate vicinity of the base of the antenna mast .
  • the high cost of the coaxial line F0 because of the powers which it must transmit, makes it preferable to mount it, according to FIG. 5, where the balun S is removed at least on the side of the antenna; in this case the two impedance matching cells are designed to present, from a 60 ohm access to ROS from 4 antenna side, an access of 100 or 150 ohms to ROS from 1 to 1.3.
  • connection to the transmitter is made using a symmetrical line 200 or 300 ohms, F0 ′, connected directly to the 100 or 150 ohm ports of the two adaptation cells; a balun, not shown, which is similar to that of FIG. 4, is interposed between this symmetrical line and the emitter.
  • the transmitter associated with the antenna according to FIG. 4 includes an impedance matching circuit which could therefore be eliminated, the impedance matching cells shown in FIG. 4 ensuring by themselves impedance matching; in the device which served as an example for the description above, this is not the case because the adaptation cells shown in FIG. 4 serve to carry out, as indicated above, a predetermined adjustment as a function of the antenna configuration chosen, while provision is made for the impedance matching circuit associated with the transmitter to allow fine impedance matching adjustment.
  • the present invention is not limited to the example described, it is thus, in particular, that it applies to cases where the feeding is done not by whole wave doublets but by half-wave doublets, c that is to say with twice as many lines as f1 to f6 than in the example described; it also applies to cases where the number of doublets per curtain is different from 8 but is at least equal to 2 in order to be able to define two different groups of doublets; it also applies to the case where the rotary antenna is a single antenna and not double, that is to say has only one curtain of doublets and even in the case where the rotary antenna comprises three curtains and more , distributed, for example, in the case of three curtains, around a support with a horizontal section in the shape of an equilateral triangle, each side of which would be assigned to a curtain.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
EP87400327A 1986-02-18 1987-02-13 Drehbare Vorhangantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0235026B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8602184 1986-02-18
FR8602184A FR2594602B1 (fr) 1986-02-18 1986-02-18 Antenne rideau rotative

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0235026A1 true EP0235026A1 (de) 1987-09-02
EP0235026B1 EP0235026B1 (de) 1992-01-08

Family

ID=9332241

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87400327A Expired - Lifetime EP0235026B1 (de) 1986-02-18 1987-02-13 Drehbare Vorhangantenne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4780725A (de)
EP (1) EP0235026B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3775790D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2594602B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2648279B1 (fr) * 1989-06-13 1991-11-29 Thomson Csf Antenne rotative a dipoles
FR2711289B1 (fr) * 1993-10-15 1995-12-15 Thomson Csf Ensemble de radiodiffusion comportant une antenne rotative à dipôles rigides et joint rotatif conçu pour cet ensemble.
FR2711290B1 (fr) * 1993-10-15 1995-12-15 Thomson Csf Ensemble de radiodiffusion comportant une antenne rotative à dipôles filaires et joint rotatif conçu pour cet ensemble.
CN102544762B (zh) * 2012-01-17 2014-03-12 陕西海通天线有限责任公司 适合近中远通信距离使用的全向短波高增益天线阵

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2337997A1 (de) * 1973-07-24 1975-02-13 Licentia Gmbh Kurzwellen-vorhangantenne
DE2657441A1 (de) * 1976-12-17 1978-06-22 Rohde & Schwarz Anordnung zum speisen eines symmetrischen dipols
DE2855623A1 (de) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-03 Licentia Gmbh Weitbereichs-3d-radar

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE729912C (de) * 1940-10-17 1943-01-05 Telefunken Gmbh Kurzwellenrichtantenne fuer UEberseeverkehr
US2268640A (en) * 1940-11-15 1942-01-06 Rca Corp Rotary beam antenna
BE469559A (de) * 1941-05-26
US2642528A (en) * 1949-06-17 1953-06-16 Philco Corp Antenna for television receivers
AT188759B (de) * 1953-11-26 1957-02-11 Siemens Ag Breitbandige Antennenanordnung
DE1000880B (de) * 1955-12-14 1957-01-17 Telefunken Gmbh Aus in Gruppen zusammengefassten Einzelstrahlern aufgebaute Richtantennenanordnung
US2938209A (en) * 1956-12-10 1960-05-24 Brueckmann Helmut Antenna curtain array with coupling network
JP3701079B2 (ja) * 1996-06-18 2005-09-28 三井化学株式会社 中性木質系ボードの製造方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2337997A1 (de) * 1973-07-24 1975-02-13 Licentia Gmbh Kurzwellen-vorhangantenne
DE2657441A1 (de) * 1976-12-17 1978-06-22 Rohde & Schwarz Anordnung zum speisen eines symmetrischen dipols
DE2855623A1 (de) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-03 Licentia Gmbh Weitbereichs-3d-radar

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TELECOMMUNICATIONS, vol. 24, no. 3, mars 1970, pages 41-43; V.D. KUZNETSOV et al.: "A high-power balancing-matching transformer for the 3-30 MHz band" *
THE SERT JOURNAL, vol. 8, septembre 1974, pages 183-184, Londres, GB; M.J. UNDERHILL et al.: "Automatic tuning of antennae" *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2594602A1 (fr) 1987-08-21
EP0235026B1 (de) 1992-01-08
US4780725A (en) 1988-10-25
FR2594602B1 (fr) 1988-05-13
DE3775790D1 (de) 1992-02-20

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