EP0542966A1 - Procede et dispositif de conservation a grande echelle d'archives. - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de conservation a grande echelle d'archives.

Info

Publication number
EP0542966A1
EP0542966A1 EP92911703A EP92911703A EP0542966A1 EP 0542966 A1 EP0542966 A1 EP 0542966A1 EP 92911703 A EP92911703 A EP 92911703A EP 92911703 A EP92911703 A EP 92911703A EP 0542966 A1 EP0542966 A1 EP 0542966A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
dispersion
transfer
nonwoven
waxes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92911703A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0542966B1 (fr
Inventor
Guenther Dr Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0542966A1 publication Critical patent/EP0542966A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0542966B1 publication Critical patent/EP0542966B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/18—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00 of old paper as in books, documents, e.g. restoring
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1712—Indefinite or running length work
    • Y10T156/1741—Progressive continuous bonding press [e.g., roll couples]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the mass preservation of archives by preferably melting on both sides of a binder combination reinforced by a nonwoven or woven fabric.
  • the fixing is carried out by hand by using polyethylene film as an adhesive layer in conjunction with fleece at a relatively long pressing time (5 to 6 minutes) and relatively high temperatures (120 ° Celsius).
  • the result is anything but optimal.
  • the printed image is blurred and the high press temperature in connection with the relatively long press time very much affects the archive material to be restored.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method for mass preservation using plastic layers which are preferably melted on both sides in such a way that, with the greatest possible environmental friendliness, it is quick and easy without any great equipment Effort can be carried out, so that it is in particular also possible to use the method decentrally even in smaller archives.
  • the printed image should neither be obscured, nor should the recognizability be impaired in any other way.
  • the method according to the invention provides a very simple way of strengthening the archival material with maximum transparency and adhesion between the applied sealing film and the substrate.
  • the double-sealed substrate is still a thin film, which is therefore only a little thicker than the original substrate itself, which is again completely flexible, even if a completely brittle substrate was present beforehand. Due to the combination according to the invention of a method for producing quick-curing coatings from carrier bodies according to the patent specification DE 38 02 797 embedded with the use
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF Tied nonwovens provide an extremely easy-to-use sealing option for archival documents.
  • the short temperature shock according to the invention has the very decisive advantage that only the coating that is actually to be melted into a film is heated and not, for example, also the carrier material, that is to say the substrate to be preserved. This means that the substrate is not impaired at all, especially if, after the film has been melted together, cooling is again provided from the outside, so that the heat contained in the layer is also removed again before it re-occurs can be delivered to the inside of the substrate.
  • nonwovens made of cellulose fibers or glass fibers or plastic fibers or carbon fibers or of course also mixtures of such fibers can be used, preference being given to using ultrathin nonwovens, also offers the advantage that by adjusting the binder films to a pH greater than 7, the acid content can also be neutralized simultaneously with the decisive mechanical solidification of the substrates, so that further decompositions can no longer take place.
  • solvent-free alkalis which do not split off pollutants can be added to these binder combinations.
  • the addition of epoxidized oils or also 4-tertiary-butyl-catecholate to prevent further breakdown of the cellulose fiber.
  • the binders provided according to the invention have a high melting point or high minimum film-forming temperature (MFT) and can be applied in a conventional manner, for example by rolling, knife coating, spraying, filling, pouring or electrostatic spraying , if they are exposed to a high temperature, are suddenly subjected to a melting process and thereby form a coherent film, this also applies if the binders are arranged on a nonwoven, which is then embedded in the film as a strengthening reinforcement when the film melts together .
  • MFT film-forming temperature
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF Use butadiene, vinyl propionate, isobutene, polyurethane, vinylidene.
  • Hard resins which are water-soluble or made water-soluble by amination are preferred.
  • Reactive resins which are water-dilutable or are dispersed / emulsified in water by means of suitable emulsifiers can be used in conjunction with the corresponding catalysts , Promoters, accelerators (possibly latent settings) as part of the thermal hardening to improve the resistance to mechanical and chemical action.
  • Hard resins are, for example, copolymers of styrene and acrylic acid, while reactive resins, e.g. systems capable of polycondensation (melamine-urea resins), resins capable of polymerization (polyesters, acrylate resins) or resins capable of polyaddition (polyurethane compounds) with the corresponding catalysts or reactants.
  • reactive resins e.g. systems capable of polycondensation (melamine-urea resins), resins capable of polymerization (polyesters, acrylate resins) or resins capable of polyaddition (polyurethane compounds) with the corresponding catalysts or reactants.
  • the production of 1-component materials is possible.
  • the prerequisite here is that the light-off temperature is above 100 ° C.
  • Water-thinnable liquids with reactive groups which are included in the chemical reaction as binder constituents, can help to reduce the viscosity with a high solids content. You can also have a clearly positive influence on the curing and film properties.
  • reactive diluents are polyols, polyethers, polyetherols and epoxides, each with at least two reactive groups.
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF Turbo blocks can be used to influence the processing and film properties of film formers (polyvinyl alcohol), plasticizers, wetting agents, defoamers, matting agents, etc.
  • the short temperature shock according to the invention - the short-term heating also has the advantage that only the coating which is actually to be melted into a film is heated, and not, for example, the carrier material, even if the layer has been applied directly to the carrier material can be achieved in various ways, for example also by radiant heat.
  • the pre-dried layer is melted into a film in direct contact with a surface which serves as an energy source and is approximately 100 to 200 ° C., it being additionally advantageous if the film is immediately behind that for its formation leading heater is cooled.
  • any cooling of the film after the film-forming heating device should possibly also be carried out by a cooled calender roll.
  • contact-free nozzle cooling can also be provided.
  • the hot precipitation of a high concentration of wax or paraffin is of considerable importance, since in addition to an extremely fine distribution of the wax or paraffin, this results in a kind of coating effect of the individual dispersion particles by wax particles. This results in a significant improvement in the rheological properties and, as a result, very uniform application layers, regardless of the type of application of the layer.
  • the proportion of waxes or paraffins which are preferably hotly precipitated enables a very simple transfer process in such a way that the film is first formed on a roller or an endless belt and from there the actual carrier is also transferred.
  • porous surfaces in particular which are rough in their surface structure, can be provided with a smooth coating layer without having to use excessively large amounts of dispersing agent, since the agent does not have to be applied wet to the porous surface and therefore also not can penetrate to a high degree.
  • wax precipitation of waxes has particularly good properties, but is not an indispensable prerequisite for a usable result, a relatively high proportion of wax in the order of magnitude of at least 3 to 10% or even more is of particular importance.
  • waxes have proven to be particularly suitable for the purposes according to the invention: montan waxes (montanic acid or montan ester waxes), polyethylene waxes, polymer di
  • REPLACEMENT BLADE version natural waxes, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers in combination with suitable emulsifiers.
  • the selected emulsifier system have a decisive influence on essential processing and surface properties (flow, gloss, separation effect, hardness, resistance).
  • emulsifiers e.g. the detachment from the plastic tape can be completely prevented, so that an excellent laminating adhesive can be obtained in this way.
  • the hardness, the viscosity and the gloss are also very strongly influenced by the respective emulsifier (on a combination of different emulsifiers), an emulsifier amount of approx. 2 to 6% based on the overall recipe having proven to be very expedient.
  • emulsifiers oleic acid ethoxylate, fatty alcohol ethoxylate,
  • Oleic acid alkylnolamide or - preferably - castor oil ethoxylate Oleic acid alkylnolamide or - preferably - castor oil ethoxylate.
  • the transfer process also allows the very simple production of structured films, in that the roller or the belt has a corresponding surface structuring which is then retained accordingly after the transfer to the actual carrier.
  • the transfer process should be carried out with particular advantage in such a way that the actual film formation, i.e. the film formed from a pre-dried dispersion layer is melted together with the transfer.
  • an application device and a feed station for the nonwoven or fabric pass On the return path from the transfer station or the winding device for the prefabricated film, an application device and a feed station for the nonwoven or fabric pass.
  • the preferred transfer process can also be carried out with the aid of a transfer roller, to which the dispersion layer is first applied and pre-dried in order to be transferred from it to the actual carrier.
  • a transfer belt is generally advantageous simply because of the greater length.
  • the greater length of a transfer belt enables a problem-free arrangement of a large number of application stations and an independent predrying before the melt contact hardening, so that in practice a transfer device with the aid of a transfer roller can only be used advantageously in special cases.
  • the film according to the invention formed by melt flow hardening can be removed from the transfer belt or the transfer roller quite easily - any loose particles are automatically removed by the nozzle cooling -
  • REPLACEMENT LEAF In some cases it may nevertheless be useful to arrange a cleaning device for the transfer belt in front of the application device in order to remove any remaining coating parts or layers on the transfer belt in the event of any malfunctions, so that they do not interfere with the subsequently formed film become.
  • the application devices for intermediate layers for example an already mentioned adhesion promoter layer or a color primer layer or the like, are arranged downstream of the drying device, the use of a transfer belt instead of a transfer roller again having structural and procedural advantages.
  • the invention can also be further developed it should be provided that a detour of the transfer belt relative to the carrier to be coated is provided between successive transfer rollers.
  • a detour of the transfer belt relative to the carrier to be coated is provided between successive transfer rollers.
  • 3 and 4 are schematic representations of calender machines for the mass preservation of archive materials according to the invention.
  • the archive materials indicated as sheets 1 are fed via belt B to a double belt machine 2, the upper belt of the double belt machine 2 being designed as a transfer belt 3.
  • the binder dispersion is applied as a layer to this transfer belt 3 made of steel or plastic in a station 4, while a thin fleece or paper 7 is applied from a roll 6 in a subsequent station 5.
  • the fleece or fabric impregnated with the dispersion is moved past a drying station 8 with, for example, hot air nozzles, so that the binder is dried on.
  • the transfer belt with the dried impregnated fleece then passes between the rollers of the double belt machine, at least the upper input roller 9 being heated in such a way that the sheet to be preserved is melted together with the sheet to be preserved and the binder is melted together to form a film .
  • the counter-pressure roller 10 to the roller 9 should not be heated when sealing on one side, in order to avoid heating the sensitive archival documents, that is to say the sheet 1.
  • the rollers 11 and 12 should be cooled as much as possible in the outlet nip of the double belt machine in order to limit as far as possible the risk of the archives being heated from the heated film layer. If both sides are to be sealed at the same time in one pass, the counter-pressure roller must of course also be heated, since in this case sealing fleece is also supplied from the opposite side.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 only in that the arrangement of the binding agent application station 4 and the fleece feeding station 5 are interchanged, ie. H. that the fleece or fabric is first applied to the transfer belt 3 and then is directly impregnated with the binder dispersion.
  • the film tape melted together in the double-belt machine with internal fleece or fabric reinforcement can also be pulled off via a roll 13, in which case, of course, no sheets 1 are fed in at the input side.
  • the roll 13 is then fed to the corresponding libraries, archives or the like, so that they can apply the prefabricated film to the archive material with the aid of a simple laminating machine. Even if sheets are fed in, it is advantageous to roll up and then seal the opposite side in the second pass. In most cases it is useful to roll up the sealed archival material in order to cut and trim it later.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a deviation from the double-belt machines according to FIGS. 1 and 2 calender devices, but the mode of operation is essentially the same for the rest.
  • the transfer belt 3 again runs past the binder application station 4 and the nonwoven feed station 5 (or vice versa in FIG. 4).
  • a heated deflection drum 14, and in addition a hot air nozzle dryer section 15 can be provided, the pre-dried layer reaches the heated calender 16 whose feed gap 18 the sheets 1 to be preserved are fed.
  • the nonwoven with the binder mixture and the sheet 1 are brought together, the binder mixture melting onto the sheet 1 as a film with an imaginary nonwoven or fabric.
  • cooling is provided at 17, which can either be contact cooling by means of a roller or else an air nozzle cooling.
  • FIG. 4 as in FIG. 2, it is again indicated that the film formed on the calender from the nonwoven or woven fabric with the binder mixture by melting together does not have to be melted directly onto the sheet 1 when it is formed, but that it also has to be melted can pull off over a roller 13 in order to then make it available as a prefabricated film to smaller libraries which then only need a simple melting calender in order to be able to melt such a film onto their archival material for sealing purposes.
  • the formation can of course also be such that a film layer is applied to the top and bottom of the sheets 1 at the same time.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Music (AREA)

Abstract

On conserve des archives à grande échelle en faisant fondre sur les pièces concernées une composition de liant renforcée par un non-tissé ou par un tissu. Le non-tissé ou le tissu est imprégné à cet effet sur une bande ou sur un rouleau de support d'une dispersion aqueuse autoréticulable et/ou réticulable par des agents extérieurs et/ou réticulée au préalable, dépourvue de substances nocives et de solvants volatils, d'un liant thermoplastique ayant une température filmogène élevée, supérieure à 60 °C, à laquelle on a incorporé par précipitation à chaud de la cire ou de la paraffine dans une concentration comprise entre 3 et 10 % en poids des matières solides de la dispersion. Le non-tissé ou le tissu est ensuite séché et fondu sous pression à chaud sur le substrat à conserver par un court choc thermique à une température filmogène, de manière à former un film à non-tissé ou tissé incorporé qui recouvre le substrat.
EP92911703A 1991-06-04 1992-06-03 Procede et dispositif de conservation a grande echelle d'archives Expired - Lifetime EP0542966B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4118249A DE4118249C2 (de) 1991-06-04 1991-06-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Massenkonservierung von Archivalien
DE4118249 1991-06-04
PCT/EP1992/001229 WO1992021817A1 (fr) 1991-06-04 1992-06-03 Procede et dispositif de conservation a grande echelle d'archives

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0542966A1 true EP0542966A1 (fr) 1993-05-26
EP0542966B1 EP0542966B1 (fr) 1996-05-08

Family

ID=6433126

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92911703A Expired - Lifetime EP0542966B1 (fr) 1991-06-04 1992-06-03 Procede et dispositif de conservation a grande echelle d'archives

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5421945A (fr)
EP (1) EP0542966B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE137831T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1896292A (fr)
DE (2) DE4118249C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992021817A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3499709B2 (ja) * 1997-05-15 2004-02-23 触媒化成工業株式会社 薄膜形成方法及びそのための薄膜形成装置
US7976741B2 (en) * 2007-02-12 2011-07-12 Ichia Technologies, Inc. Method of manufacturing light guide plate of keypad
CN114687243B (zh) * 2020-12-25 2023-04-07 山东齐元信息技术有限公司 一种档案砖层析解粘工艺

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2511703A (en) * 1947-07-25 1950-06-13 Rogers Ind Inc Rotary polishing and laminating machine
GB1007981A (en) * 1961-04-17 1965-10-22 William Herbert Langwell Improvements in or relating to the preservation of documents for storage
FR1547522A (fr) * 1967-08-18 1968-11-29 Saint Gobain Procédé pour la fabrication continue de panneaux composites destinés notamment aubâtiment
DE3515629A1 (de) * 1985-05-02 1986-11-06 Held, Kurt, 7218 Trossingen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung kupferkaschierter laminate
DE3802797A1 (de) * 1988-01-30 1989-08-10 Guenther Dr Schwarz Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen schnellhaertender ueberzuege auf traegerkoerpern
DE3819027A1 (de) * 1988-06-03 1989-12-14 Meyer Herbert Gmbh Co Kg Verfahren und anordnung zum verkleben flaechiger werkstuecke
US5149394A (en) * 1988-10-14 1992-09-22 Kurt Held Method and apparatus for continuously fabricating laminates
DE3834993A1 (de) * 1988-10-14 1990-04-19 Held Kurt Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von laminaten

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9221817A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4118249A1 (de) 1992-12-10
DE4118249C2 (de) 1994-10-27
DE59206229D1 (de) 1996-06-13
US5421945A (en) 1995-06-06
AU1896292A (en) 1993-01-08
WO1992021817A1 (fr) 1992-12-10
ATE137831T1 (de) 1996-05-15
EP0542966B1 (fr) 1996-05-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0326919B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour produire des revêtements durcissant rapidement sur des substrats
DE60005077T2 (de) Laminat und dessen Herstellung
EP1951436B1 (fr) Dispositif de revetement comprenant une substance de revetement fluide destinee a des surfaces lisses ou structurees
EP2425056A1 (fr) Installation et procédé pour traiter une bande de papier, en particulier une bande de papier à cigarette
DE19546272C1 (de) Sichtkaschierung mit Thermokleber
DE3608758A1 (de) Membranfolie fuer textilien, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
EP2992142B1 (fr) Procédé amélioré de fabrication d'une bande de matière mono- ou multicouche imprimable et une installation associée pour la fabrication d'une telle bande de matière
DE2524351A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung einer flexiblen polyurethan-beschichtung oder -folie
EP0185742B1 (fr) Procede pour impregner un materiau de support comprimable plan de resine synthetique et installation pour realiser ce procede
EP0542966B1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de conservation a grande echelle d'archives
DE69534794T2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen einer Beschichtung auf Bögen
WO2001085456A9 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour appliquer une couche de vernis sur la face superieure d'un support d'impression
EP2132043B2 (fr) Procédé pour produire un élément plan imprimé
DE2146309B2 (fr)
DE202015009603U1 (de) Auftragswerk für Papier-, Karton- oder Tissuebahn
EP0930161B1 (fr) Méthode et dispositf pour le revêtement de produits imprimés
DE4336214A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Überzügen auf Oberflächen
DE102012103824B4 (de) Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Papierbahn
DE10352865B4 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung von flächenförmigen Substraten wie Papier
EP0640407B1 (fr) Procédé pour l'imprégnation continue
DE2022562A1 (de) Kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Herstellung dekorativer Platten und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens
DE19734846C1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Prepregs
DE4239163C1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen schnellhärtender Überzüge
DE2917943C3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Beschichten von Kunststoff-Folien- und Gewebebahnen mit einer Klebstoffmasse
DD242577A5 (de) Verfahren zum impraegnieren eines flaechigen komprimierbaren traegermaterials mit kunstharz sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU MC NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930604

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19940823

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU MC NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19960508

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19960508

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19960508

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19960508

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 137831

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19960515

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: ISLER & PEDRAZZINI AG PATENTANWAELTE

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19960531

Year of fee payment: 5

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59206229

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19960613

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: ING. C. GREGORJ S.P.A.

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19960627

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19960627

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19960627

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Effective date: 19960630

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19960630

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19960614

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19960808

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19970603

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19970603

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970630

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970630

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19980101

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19970603

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19980101

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19980604

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19990630

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20010314

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020403

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050603