EP0541602A1

EP0541602A1 - Packing device.

Info

Publication number: EP0541602A1
Application number: EP91913339A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hermann Kronseder
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-07-31
Filing date: 1991-07-24
Publication date: 1993-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2011-07-24
Also published as: DE4024335A1; WO1992002416A1; JP2533999B2; JPH05508372A; US5313764A; DE59101587D1; ES2055609T3; CA2080341A1; EP0541602B1

Abstract

Un dispositif de chargement permet de remplir et/ou de vider des caisses de bouteilles (36) ou similaires. Le dispositif de chargement comprend une flèche (8) sur laquelle une tête de préhension (22) peut être suspendue. La flèche (8) est articulée à deux points d'articulation (13, 14) au moyen d'éléments de guidage (6, 7, 9), formant des tringles articulées mobiles à la manière de tringles en parallèlogramme. La flèche (8) peut être déplacée par un disque à came (18) dans une direction sensiblement horizontale. Le dispositif de guidage comprend un organe de guidage en deux parties mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre. Etant donné que les deux parties de l'organe de guidage peuvent pivoter l'une par rapport à l'autre au moyen d'un deuxième disque à came (19), un mouvement sensiblement vertical peut se superposer au mouvement horizontal de la flèche, pour que la longueur utile de l'organe de guidage en deux parties puisse se modifier, générant une trajectoire courbe appropriée pour la tête de préhension (22).A loading device makes it possible to fill and / or empty crates of bottles (36) or the like. The loading device comprises a boom (8) on which a gripping head (22) can be suspended. The boom (8) is articulated at two articulation points (13, 14) by means of guide elements (6, 7, 9), forming movable articulated rods in the manner of parallelogram rods. The boom (8) can be moved by a cam disc (18) in a substantially horizontal direction. The guide device comprises a guide member in two parts movable relative to one another. Since the two parts of the guide member can pivot relative to each other by means of a second cam disc (19), a substantially vertical movement can be superimposed on the horizontal movement of the boom, so that the effective length of the two-part guide member can change, generating a suitable curved path for the gripping head (22).

Description

Pac advance

description

The invention relates to a packing device for filling or / and emptying bottle crates or the like. With a cantilever arm, to which a bottle gripper head can be attached, and which is formed at two articulation points by a first and a second linkage movable in the manner of a parallelogram linkage each is connected to a base frame at an articulation point, the steering device being articulated, the first of the two steering devices having a cam element and a horizontal control element which can be rotated about an axis and is provided in the manner of a cam disc with a guide track on which the cam element moves with the linkage and with generation a substantially horizontal movement of the suspension point for the gripper head when the horizontal control element is rotated, and with a device for generating a substantially vertical movement of the suspension point superimposed on the horizontal movement.

From DE '34 20 143 Cl a packing device is known in which a cantilever arm with a bottle gripper head is moved substantially horizontally via a parallelogram linkage, the parallelogram linkage being connected to a crank driven by a motor via a push rod for its movement. For the vertical movement of the gripper head connected to the boom, a separate drive device is provided which, like the drive device for the parallelogram linkage, has a motor with a crank and a crank with the Extension arm connecting connecting rod includes.

A packing device of the type mentioned is known from US Pat. No. 2,771,202. In this device, a vertically movable suspension for a bottle gripper is provided on the boom. The two arms, which are horizontally spaced apart from one another, are provided with approximately vertically running guideways, in which a cross member arranged between the legs, to which bottle grippers can be attached, is vertically movable. A vertical movement of the cross member takes place via a separate lifting linkage, the movement of which is also controlled via the horizontal control element with the assistance of a spring device.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a packing device which is improved compared to this prior art.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that the second link device comprises two link members pivotable relative to one another, one of the two link members having a further cam element and a vertical control element rotatable about an axis in the manner of a cam with a guide track is provided which the further cam element is guided to produce the substantially vertical movement of the suspension point upon rotation of the vertical control element.

By means of this solution according to the invention, a considerably simplified construction is achieved compared to the prior art, so that the Packer according to the invention can be produced with less effort and is particularly suitable for smaller companies in which only relatively small packing capacities are required. In addition, there are improved installation conditions for the conveying devices of bottles and boxes, since no space is lost for a separate lifting rod ensuring a vertical movement of the suspension point in the device according to the invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, cam disks are provided as control elements, which are rotatable about a common axis and connected to one another for common rotation, a cam disk with a guide groove being provided as the horizontal control element and a cam disk as the vertical element, the outer edge of which is designed as a guideway. These measures ensure a particularly compact structure of the device according to the invention.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the guideways of the two control elements are each designed as a closed path and the control elements can be rotated continuously in one direction while generating closed, repetitive path curves of the suspension point. The control elements can be tailored to the respective application, so that trajectory curves, as they are required for the applications, in particular the available space, are described. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the link member of the two-part second link device connected to the base frame can be designed as a plate on which the further cam element, preferably a roller, is arranged, the articulation points and the cam element corresponding to the corner points of a right-angled triangle on the plate are provided. These features also contribute to the fact that the device according to the invention can be manufactured in a compact design.

Finally, it can be expediently provided that a side arm, to which a gripper head can be attached, is arranged at least one side perpendicular to the arm at the suspension point. In this case, lines for the supply of containers or boxes can be provided one above the other to the side of the packing device.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims. The invention will now be explained and described in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings relating to these exemplary embodiments.

Show it:

1 shows an embodiment of a packaging device according to the invention in a side view,

2 the packing device according to the invention of Fig.l in a front view, 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a packing device according to the invention in a top view (schematic) in a first application,

3A shows the path curve of the gripper head described in the application according to FIG. 3,

4 shows the exemplary embodiment of a packing device according to the invention from FIG. 3 in a top view (schematic) in a second application,

4A shows the path curve of the gripper head described in the application of FIG. 4,

5 shows the exemplary embodiment of a packing device according to the invention according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in a Drau view (schematic),

5A shows the path curve described by the gripper head in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5,

6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a packing device according to the invention in a plan view (schematic),

Fig.βA the trajectory described in the embodiment of Figure 6 by the gripper head, and 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a packing device according to the invention with separate horizontal and vertical control elements.

In Figures 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a base plate on which vertical side plates 2 and 3 and triangular reinforcement plates 39 are attached, base plate 1 forming a base frame with side plates 2 and 3 and the reinforcement plates. 6 with a handlebar is designated, which is rotatably mounted at one end via a laterally projecting stub axle 11 in a bearing 27 provided in the side wall 3 and is articulated at its other end via a joint 14 to a boom 8. A further link 7 is articulated to the arm 8 via a joint 13 and is connected at its end opposite the joint 13 to a link plate 9 via a joint 12. The handlebar plate 9 is rotatably mounted in a bearing 10 provided in the side plate. 20 denotes a cam element which is provided on the handlebar plate and is designed as a roller in the present exemplary embodiment and bears against the outer edge of a cam plate 18 which is designed as a curved edge. The cam disc is connected to an axis of rotation 15, which is mounted in bearings 28 and 29 in the side wall 2 and 3, and which is driven by a motor-gear unit denoted by 16, indicated schematically in FIG. A further cam disc 19 is connected to the axis of rotation 15, in which a closed cam groove 30 is provided. In the cam groove 30 is a cam element 21 connected to the handlebar 6, which, like the cam element 20 in the present exemplary embodiment, is Cam roller is formed. As can be seen in FIG. 2, the two cams 18 and 19 are arranged adjacent to one another on the axis of rotation 15 and are connected to one another via a screw connection 31. The cam disk 18 and the cam disk 19 connected to it are secured against rotation relative to the axis of rotation 15 by a spring element 32.

A bearing rod protruding laterally from the arm 8 is designated by 26, onto which a support tube 24 for a gripper head 22 (not shown in FIG. 1) is pushed. The gripper head 22, which can be pivoted about the bearing rod 26, is provided with a number of gripper elements 23 for gripping bottles. The support tube 24 has at its end facing the arm 8 a radially extending recess 34 through which stops for the stop against a pin 25 are formed to limit a pivoting movement of the gripper head.

4 with a conveyor line for the promotion of bottle crates 36 is designated. In the present exemplary embodiment, a bottle conveyor line 5, which has a conveyor belt, is arranged above the box conveyor 4 and ends below the support tube of the boom 8 and within its horizontal swivel range. With 35 are provided on the box conveyor 4 drivers, through which the boxes 36 are moved and which ensure a precise alignment of the boxes 36 on the box conveyor 4.

The device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 can be used both for filling the boxes 36 with bottles and for unloading bottles from the boxes become. By turning the axis 15 in one direction of rotation, the handlebar 6 is pivoted about its stub shaft 11 via the cam element 21 guided in the cam groove 30, whereby a linkage device, which corresponds in principle to a parallelogram linkage, is formed by moving the linkage device formed by the links 6, 7 and 9 substantially horizontal reciprocation of the boom 8 is achieved in accordance with the intended curve groove 30. Because the cam roller 20 of the steering wheel 9 is guided on the outer curve edge or rolls on it, an essentially vertical movement component of the suspension point for the gripper head is additionally provided. In accordance with the intended curved path, the handlebar plate 9 is pivoted about the bearing 10, as a result of which the diffraction angle between the handlebar 7 and the handlebar plate 9 and thus the effective length of the handlebar device formed by the handlebar 7 and the handlebar plate 9 changes. With a complete rotation the cams 18 and 19 describes. the suspension point for the gripper head is a closed path curve, which is repeated cyclically in the same direction when the cam disks are rotated further. The occurring extreme positions of the boom 8 are indicated by the dash-dotted lines 37 and 38 in Figure 1. According to line 37, the boom is approximately in a position in which the gripper head can grip bottles stored in a box 36 for emptying the box or place bottles therein. Bottles located on the bottle conveyor can be picked up or set down near the position indicated by line 38. By the box and Bottle feeding and the cyclical movement of the suspension point of the boom can be spatially and laterally coordinated with one another, a continuous packaging or unloading operation can be maintained.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, it is sufficient to use a cam with a cam edge as a guide for the cam element 20 of the link plate 9, since the weight of the boom with the attached load ensures that the cam roller 20 on the remains in the curve edge of the cam 18. On the other hand, a cam plate with a guide groove must be provided for the cam element 21, the groove edges alternately taking over the positive guidance of the cam element. With a sufficient length of the boom, however, a moment occurs by which the cam roller 21 is constantly supported against the inner edge of the guide groove, so that in this case a cam plate corresponding to the cam plate 19, which has only one outer edge as a guideway, could also be used .

Depending on the geometric conditions on site, which are given by the position of the conveyor lines to each other, the dimensions of the bottles and crates as well as the possible arrangement of the packing device relative to the conveyor lines and other factors, cam disks can be produced, which change the geometric conditions optimally adapted path curve for the gripper head. In addition to such an adaptation to the geometric conditions, suitable dimensioning of the guideways of the cam disks can also ensure that the smallest possible Cycle times, the acceleration and braking deceleration values that occur correspond to the requirements of the packaged goods. In this context, variable speeds of rotation for the cams could also be advantageous.

In the figures 3 to 6 further exemplary embodiments for packing devices are shown schematically. The same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2 have been chosen for the same or equivalent parts: however, the reference numerals are provided with the indices a to d.

In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3, two packing heads 22a are attached to a boom 8a, and the bottle conveyor 5a, as can be seen particularly in FIG. 3a, is laterally offset from the box conveyor 4a, above the box conveyor and between the box conveyor and the packing device. The boom 8a executes a movement in a plane perpendicular to the conveying lines 4a and 5a. The packing device has cam disks which ensure a closed path curve corresponding to curve 41 in FIG. 3a.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, two gripper heads 22b are likewise provided, which move in a plane perpendicularly, corresponding to the path curve 42 of FIG. 4a, to the direction of movement of a box conveyor 4b. The box conveyor 4b is arranged between the packing device and a bottle conveyor 5b conveying perpendicular to the direction of movement of the box conveyor. The bottle conveyor belt 5b is one to the Box conveyors loaded parallel bottle conveyor 40. Since the bottle conveyor is only slightly above the belt conveyor in the present exemplary embodiment, a flatter path curve can be provided for the gripper heads than in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 3a.

The packing device shown in FIG. 5 corresponds to the packing device according to FIGS. 1 and 2. A single gripper head 22c is laterally attached to a boom 8c and the movement of the gripper head 22c takes place in a plane along the conveyor lines 4c and 5c for the boxes or Bottles, the conveyor lines, as also shown in Figures 1 and 2, are arranged one above the other. Since the bottle conveyor is arranged far above the box conveyor, a closed path curve with a large vertical component, as corresponds to curve 43 in FIG. 5a, is provided.

6, two gripper heads 22d are arranged on one side of a boom 8d. The gripper heads move in a plane perpendicular to the conveying direction of the boxes. Corresponding to the two existing gripper heads, a bottle conveyor 5d is provided, which is designed for the simultaneous loading of both gripper heads, the bottles being conveyed perpendicular to the direction of movement of the crates. Accordingly, with the packing device according to FIG. 6, two boxes can be loaded or emptied at the same time, the cam disks of the device being designed for a trajectory curve corresponding to curve 44 in FIG. 6a. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 7, parts which are the same or have the same effect are designated by the same reference numbers as in FIGS. 1 and 2; however, the reference numbers are provided with the index e.

The exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7 differs from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that two separate cam disks 18e and 19e are provided. The cam disc δe is arranged offset from the cam disc 19e and rotatable about a separate axis of rotation 45, which is mounted in the side wall 3e. The cam 18e comes to a stop against a cam element which is formed by an elongated hinge pin of the hinge 12e. The axes 45 and 15e can be rotated at the same rotational speed, but different rotational speeds are also possible.

In the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7, an essentially vertical movement component of the suspension point is generated by the fact that the deflection angle between the links 7e and 9e and thus the effective length of the link device formed by these two links is changed by the cam disc I8e. The essentially vertical movement of the suspension point generated by the cam 18e is superimposed on a substantially horizontal movement which is generated by the separate rotation of the cam 19e. Due to the separate and independent, also with different speeds, rotatable cams, both closed and non-closed trajectories are for the gripper heads can be generated.

It applies to all the exemplary embodiments shown that not only rotations of the cam disks can be carried out in one direction but also in an alternating direction, rotations of less than 360 ° also being conceivable.

The present invention provides a packing device which can be used advantageously, in particular in applications in which only relatively small packing capacities are required. The device can be tailored to a large number of application cases by producing application-specific cams by means of which trajectories of the gripper heads can be produced, which are optimally adapted to the respective conditions on site, in particular the geometric conditions, so that taking into account the maximum possible acceleration and deceleration values short cycle times can be achieved.

The purely mechanical control via cam disks is less susceptible than an electronic control, as a result of which the device according to the invention can be used advantageously, particularly under extreme operating conditions. The reduced adaptability of the control compared to electronic controls hardly proves to be a disadvantage, since operational adaptation on site is only required in rare cases. If necessary, the user could have a set of cams ready so that such operational adjustments can still be made. Due to the purely mechanical drive of the boom, gentler Acceleration and braking curves and thus a smoother work than zu.B. achieved by a hydraulic drive.

As can be seen from FIG. 7, the cam plate 18e can be arranged separately from the cam plate 19e, the vertical link 7e being operatively connected to the cam plate I8e and the extension arm 8e. The vertical link 7e can be guided either by a pivot link 9e or by a straight guide, the link 7e being in operative connection with the latter via a longitudinal slot in the bracket 8e in the latter case.

In the example shown in Fig. 2, an extremely narrow construction is achieved by the two links 6 and 7 are arranged on the boom 8 opposite, such that the link 7 is approximately in the plane of the cam 18 and the boom 8 approximately in the Level of the cam 19 is located. In this example, the two cams 18 and 19 are mounted on a common shaft 15 so that they can easily be replaced by another pair of cams by pulling out the shaft 15.

Claims

1. Packing device for filling or / and emptying bottle crates or the like, with a cantilever arm (8), to which a bottle gripper head can be attached, and at two articulation points (13, 14), forming a linkage that is movable in the manner of a parallelogram linkage is articulated by a first and a second link device (6, 7, 9), each connected to a base frame (1-3) at an articulation point (10, 11), the first (6) of the two link devices comprising a cam element (21) and a horizontal control element (19) rotatable about an axis (15) is provided in the manner of a cam disc with a guideway on which the cam element moves the linkage and produces a substantially horizontal movement of the suspension point for the gripper head when the Horizontal Steuerele entes is performed, and with a device for generating a superimposed on the horizontal movement, substantially vertical movement of the suspension point, characterized in that the second link device comprises two link members (7, 9) pivotable relative to one another about a joint (12), one (9) of the two link members having a further cam element (20) and one about an axis (15 ) rotatable vertical control element (18) is provided in the manner of a cam disc with a guide track on which the further cam element (20) is guided while generating the essentially vertical movement of the suspension point when the vertical control element (18) rotates.

2. Packing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control elements (18, 19) are rotatable about a common axis (15).

3. Packing device according to claim l or 2, characterized in that the control elements (18, 19) are connected to one another for common rotation.

4. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control elements at least one cam (18,

19) include.

5. Packing device according to claim 4, characterized in that a groove or / and an outer edge is provided as a guide track on the urvi washer (18, 19).

6. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one of the two guideways

Controls is designed as a closed path.

7. Packing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the control elements are continuously rotatable in one direction while generating closed, repetitive trajectory curves of the suspension point.

8. Packing device according to at least one of claims l to 7, characterized in that a cam disc (19) with a guide groove is provided as a horizontal control element.

9. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a cam (18), the outer edge of which is designed as a guideway, is provided as the vertical control element.

10. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the joint connecting lines of the link members (7,5) of the second link device in an approximately horizontal

Include the position of the boom (8) with each other at a right angle.

11. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the further cam element is provided on the link member (9) of the second link device connected to the base frame (1-3).

12. Packing device according to claim 11, characterized in that the link member connected to the base frame of the second link device is designed as a plate (9) and the cam device to the connecting line between the hinge points of the plate is staggered.

13. Packing device according to claim 12, characterized in that the articulation points and the cam element on the plate (9) are arranged corresponding to the corner points of a right-angled triangle.

14. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the articulation point of the second link device is closer to the suspension point of the boom (8) than the articulation point of the first link device.

15. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the cam elements comprise at least one roller.

16. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that at the suspension point at least on one side to the boom (8) substantially perpendicular side boom to which a gripper head can be attached is provided.

17. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the cam disc (18e) for the vertical movement of the boom (8e) is arranged separately from the cam disc (19e) for the horizontal movement of the boom (8e), wherein the vertical link (7e) is operatively connected to the cam (18e) and the boom (8e) (Fig.7).

18. Packing device according to claim 17, characterized in _/ that the vertical link (7e) is guided by a pivot link (9e) (Fig.7).

19. Packing device according to claim 17, characterized in that the vertical link (7e) is guided by a straight guide, the link (7e) being operatively connected to the latter via a longitudinal slot in the boom (8e).

20. Packing device according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the two links (6 and 7) on the boom (8) are arranged opposite one another in such a way that the

Handlebar (7) is located approximately in the plane of the cam plate (18) and the boom (8) approximately in the plane of the cam plate (19).