EP0531117A2 - Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Zugfestigkeit eines Dilatationsballons - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Zugfestigkeit eines Dilatationsballons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0531117A2
EP0531117A2 EP92307979A EP92307979A EP0531117A2 EP 0531117 A2 EP0531117 A2 EP 0531117A2 EP 92307979 A EP92307979 A EP 92307979A EP 92307979 A EP92307979 A EP 92307979A EP 0531117 A2 EP0531117 A2 EP 0531117A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
parison
balloon
tensile strength
sidewall
temperature gradient
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92307979A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0531117B1 (de
EP0531117A3 (de
Inventor
Wolcott M. Downey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Medtronic Vascular Inc
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CR Bard Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0531117A3 publication Critical patent/EP0531117A3/de
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Publication of EP0531117B1 publication Critical patent/EP0531117B1/de
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/10—Balloon catheters
    • A61M25/1027—Making of balloon catheters
    • A61M25/1029—Production methods of the balloon members, e.g. blow-moulding, extruding, deposition or by wrapping a plurality of layers of balloon material around a mandril
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/22—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes
    • B29C55/26—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of tubes biaxial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/90—Direct application of fluid pressure differential to shape, reshape, i.e. distort, or sustain an article or preform and heat-setting, i.e. crystallizing of stretched or molecularly oriented portion thereof
    • Y10S264/904—Maintaining article in fixed shape during heat-setting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in dilatation balloons used in medical procedures, and in particular to a method of increasing the tensile strength of a dilatation balloon.
  • a catheter carrying a balloon on its distal end is placed within a body cavity of a patient and is inflated to dilate the cavity.
  • the procedure is commonly employed to dilate a stenosed artery, and in particular to dilate obstructed coronary arteries. Dilation procedures also are performed in peripheral blood vessels, the heart valves, and in other portions of the body.
  • the balloon should have a maximum and controllable inflated diameter.
  • a physician selects a balloon having an inflated diameter which corresponds to the inner diameter of the unobstructed blood vessel adjacent the stenosis to be treated -- any expansion beyond this diameter may cause rupture of the vessel.
  • the balloon should have a thin wall so that it can fold down closely about the catheter shaft to a low profile, thereby enabling the deflated balloon to be inserted into and removed from narrow stenoses and passageways.
  • the balloon also needs to be flexible, as stiffness detracts from the ability of the balloon to bend as it is advanced through tortuous passageways, a characteristic sometimes referred to as "trackability.”
  • Low stiffness also enables the balloon to be folded easily within the patient's body when the balloon is deflated.
  • the balloon should be understood that when the balloon is deflated, it typically tends to collapse into a pair of wings which, if no sufficiently flexible, will not fold or wrap easily about the catheter body as the deflated balloon catheter is advanced or withdrawn against body tissue.
  • the balloon should also have a sufficiently high burst strength to enable it to impart sufficient dilatation force to the vessel to be treated.
  • the burst strength required for different procedures varies considerably because the dilating force of the balloon increases as a function of the diameter of the balloon, without requiring a corresponding increase in the inflation pressure.
  • the larger the diameter of the balloon the lower its burst strength may be while still developing sufficient dilatation force.
  • a 20 millimeter (mm) diameter balloon used in a valvuloplasty procedure need only have a burst strength of about 3 to 6 atmospheres (atm), whereas a 3 mm diameter balloon used in the dilatation of small coronary arteries may require a burst pressure of 10 to 20 atm.
  • Dilatation balloons have been made from a variety of thermoplastic polymer materials, including polyesters, polyurethanes, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic rubbers, silicone-polycarbonate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymers, polystyrene, acrylonitrile copolymers, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoro-ethylene
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,490,421 to Levy (now Reissue 32, 938) describes the processing of a semi-crystalline polyester homopolymer, namely, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), to produce a balloon having superior toughness, flexibility and tensile strength.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the balloon is formed by heating a tubular parison in an external mold to a temperature above the orientation temperature, axially drawing and circumferentially expanding the parison to form a balloon and then cooling below the orientation temperature.
  • an external balloon mold is inserted into a heated liquid medium, or a heated liquid is passed through chambers in the mold, such that heat is applied to the exterior surface of the parison and time is allowed for the temperature across the parison sidewall to equilibrate. A relatively thin wall and high strength balloon is produced.
  • One of the problems with the known heating and expansion techniques for making PET balloons is that it produces a balloon having an optimum (high) tensile strength on the inner surface, but a much lower degree of strength on the outer surface. This varying degree of tensile strength across the sidewall results in a lower overall or "average” tensile strength. Ideally, it would be desirable to achieve the optimum (highest) tensile strength at both surfaces of the balloon and across the wall in order to achieve the highest average tensile strength.
  • the amount of orientation (and resulting strength) achieved at any point across the sidewall of a balloon made from a semi-crystalline orientable polymer (such as PET), is a function of temperature (higher temperature equals less orientation) and degree of stretch (higher stretch equals higher orientation).
  • temperature higher temperature equals less orientation
  • degree of stretch higher orientation
  • the orientation achieved at the inner diameters is greater due to the greater inherent degree of stretch at the inner surface. More specifically, due to the relative differences in thicknesses between the inner and out diameters of the parison and balloon, the inner surface stretches more, and in most cases quite significantly more, and the degree of stretch is progressively less moving outwardly across the sidewall to the outer surface.
  • the inner surface may achieve the optimum (highest) tensile strength possible
  • the outer surface achieves a much lower degree of stretch and this reduces the overall or average tensile strength. Still further, if temperature equilibrium across the wall is not achieved and the outer surface of the balloon remains at a higher temperature, then the inner surface is oriented to an even greater degree compared to the outer surface and the average tensile strength is even lower.
  • a method of making a thin wall dilatation balloon having a high percentage of the maximum tensile strength of the balloon material comprising the steps of: heating a thin wall, tubular parison of a biaxially orientable polymer by flowing a heated fluid through the interior of the parison to achieve a radially decreasing temperature gradient across the sidewall of the parison going from the inner to the outer surface of the parison, the outer surface being heated to a temperature no less than the orientation temperature of the polymer and the parison having a wall thickness of no greater than about 25mls; axially drawing and circumferentially expanding the parison while subject to said temperature gradient, said circumferential expansion being achieved by sealing one end of the parison and injecting a heated fluid to expand the parison; and wherein the temperature gradient is selected to compensate for differing degrees of stretch across the sidewall and produce a thin wall dilatation balloon having a substantially uniform and relatively high degree of orientation across the sidewall and thus
  • a semi-crystalline polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the processing parameters of inner and outer temperatures, and the degrees of inner and outer stretch, are selectively varied to produce a balloon dilatation catheter having an increased tensile strength and with either thinner walls or a higher burst strength.
  • Figure 1 is an illustration, in section of a balloon-forming mold, showing a balloon within the mold, a tubular parison in phantom, and a source of heated fluid for passing through the parison.
  • Figure 2 is an illustration, in section of an alternative balloon-forming mold having passages for circulating a heated fluid in the mold.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram showing the relative inner and outer diameters of a starting parison and finished balloon for which the inner and outer stretch ratios are calculated.
  • a dilatation balloon 12 is formed in a mold as illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the mold includes a mold body 10 having a central internal bore 11, defining the intended outer diameter of the finished balloon 12, and a pair of end members, including a fixed end member 14 on the left and a movable end member 16 on the right. Both end members include outwardly tapering bore portions 14A, 16A, respectively, which merge into smaller diameter central end bores 14B, 16B respectively.
  • the mold receives a tubular parison, indicated in phantom at 20 in Figure 1.
  • the parison 20 is gripped at its ends which extend outwardly of the mold, one of the ends being connected securely to an input fitting 22 connected to a source of heated fluid 27 under pressure via regulating valve 28, and the other end being connected securely to an output fitting 21 with a discharge valve or plug 29.
  • a heated fluid from source 27 such as a gas
  • the parison is then axially drawn by moving (means not shown) the end fittings 21 and 22 axially apart.
  • the parison is then circumferentially expanded by closing valve 29 and injecting a heated expansion fluid (gas from source 27) into the parison from fitting 22; the axial drawing may also continue during expansion.
  • a heated expansion fluid acts to preserve the temperature gradient by preventing a cooling of the inner surface of the balloon, as occurs with an unheated expansion gas. It is preferred to use a heated gas both for heating the parison and expanding the same, such as hot nitrogen gas.
  • the temperature at the entrance and exit of the parison is monitored by sensors 30, 31 in the fittings 22, 21 respectively.
  • the parison is preferably formed from an orientable semi-crystalline polymer such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET is an aromatic linear polyester derived from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or its derivative as the main acid component, and an aliphatic glycol as the main glycol component. It can be melt extruded into a variety of formed structures.
  • Typical examples of other aromatic dicarboxylic acid polymers that meet these criteria are derived from materials such as terephthalic acid, isothalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, together with aliphatic polymethylene glycols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
  • ethylene glycol trimethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, pentamethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, didecamethylene glycol and cyclohexane dimethanol.
  • the PET parison is oriented at an elevated temperature, above the second order transition (orientation) temperature, as controlled by the heated fluid which flows through the parison.
  • a heated transfer fluid such as hot water
  • the orientation of the PET parison takes place at a temperature between the first and second order transition temperatures of the material, preferably from about 80°C to 120°C, and more preferably at about 90°C.
  • the parison is axially drawn from a starting length L1 to a drawn length L2.
  • the parison is circumferentially expanded from an initial internal diameter ID1 and initial outer diameter OD1 to a final internal diameter ID2 and final outer diameter OD2.
  • the expanded balloon is then subjected to a heat set step in which steam is circulated through the outer mold at a temperature above the orientation or stretching temperature. Heat setting is done at a temperature between about 110° and 220°C, and preferably between about 130°C and 170°C.
  • the heat setting temperature is maintained for a fraction of a second or more, and preferably between about 5 to 30 seconds, sufficient to increase the degree of crystallinity in the balloon.
  • the heat setting step is significant in assuring dimensional stability for the balloon, both during storage and also during inflation.
  • the balloon is then cooled to a temperature less than the second order transition temperature by flowing a cool fluid through the outer mold and/or a cool fluid through the parison.
  • the balloon 12 thus formed may be removed from the mold by removing the end member 16 and withdrawing the formed balloon from the mold.
  • the relative amounts of stretch achieved at the inner and outer diameters is illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • the inner diameter stretch ratio ID2/ID1 is greater than the outer diameter stretch ratio OD2/OD1, because of the relative thicknesses of the parison and balloon -- parison 20 being much thicker relative to balloon 12.
  • the temperature across the sidewall is varied to compensate for the higher stretch ratio at the inner diameter, namely by providing a linearly decreasing temperature gradient across the sidewall going from the inner to outer surfaces. The lower temperature at the outer surface thus produces more orientation from a given amount of stretch.
  • a temperature gradient enables one to produce a balloon having an average tensile strength of greater than 60% of the maximum potential tensile strength of the polymer.
  • this would be a tensile strength of at least about 70 kpsi (thousand pounds per square inch).
  • the tensile strength is increased to at least about 90%, and more preferably 95% of the ultimate tensile strength.
  • the thin wall parison should have a wall thickness of no greater than about 25 mils. In further preferred embodiments the wall thickness would be no greater than about 20 mils, and more preferably no greater than about 15 mils.
  • the use of a temperature gradient is not beneficial where there is a substantial difference between the inner and outer diameter stretch ratios.
  • the temperature gradient compensates for the difference and produces a substantially uniform amount of orientation across the sidewall. It has been observed that with the prior known methods of making balloons, the tensile strength at the outer diameter is at least 50% less than that at the inner diameter.
  • the difference in orientation across the sidewall of the balloon is no greater than about 50%, more preferably no greater than about 25%, and still further no greater than about 10%.
  • the amount of average orientation across the sidewall can be estimated based on the increase in measured tensile strength or may be determinable directly by measuring the optical activity across the sidewall.
  • semi-crystalline polymers such as PET are described herein as the preferred embodiment, other polymeric materials may be utilized with the temperature gradient method of this invention in order to increase the tensile strength of the balloon to a relatively high percentage of the maximum tensile strength of the given balloon material.
  • suitable balloon materials may include polyurethane, nylon, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyester and/or polyether block copolymers, ionomer resins, and combinations thereof.
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • ionomer resins ionomer resins, and combinations thereof.
  • a suitable polyester/polyether block copolymer may be that sold by E.I. Dupont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, Delaware, under the trade name "Hytrel.”
  • “Surlyn” is an ionomer resin sold by the same company.
  • the wall thickness can be decreased or burst strength may be increased, or a partial combination thereof (greater wall thickness corresponding to greater burst strength).
  • the balloon has a wall thickness of no greater than about 4 mils (thousands of an inch), and more preferably no greater than about 1 mil.
  • the burst strength can be increased to greater than 20 atm, and more preferably greater than 25 atm, without increasing the wall thickness.
  • a method of making a known balloon is described in the first column of Table 1.
  • a tubular parison is extruded from a high molecular weight PET homopolyester resin having an initial intrinsic viscosity in the range of 1.01 and 1.02, before extrusion.
  • the intrinsic viscosity is slightly lowered during extrusion.
  • the parison is heated in an external mold at a temperature of 90.6°C for a period of about 1.13 minutes, on the assumption that the temperature across the entire sidewall of the parison will stabilize at 91°C.
  • the parison is then stretched axially at the ratio of 3.3X, circumferentially at the inner diameter at 7.0X, and circumferentially at the outer diameter at 4.5X.
  • the average circumferential stretch ratio is 5.5X, calculated by dividing the balloon outer diameter by the average diameter of the parison.
  • the balloon is heat set at 150°C for about ten seconds.
  • the final balloon has an outer diameter of 4.0mm and a wall thickness of 0.00889mm.
  • the balloon has a calculated measured burst strength of 18.2 atm. Burst pressure is determined by a simple laboratory procedure whereby one end of the polymeric balloon is sealed off and a pressurized gas is introduced incrementally into the other end.
  • the inflation pressure at which the balloon bursts at about 37°C (body temperature) is referred to herein as the burst pressure.
  • the calculated average circumferential tensile strength is 63.9 kpsi.
  • the goal is to optimize the average tensile strength of utilizing the known mold temperature (91°C) and substituting the known ID stretch ratio (about 7.0X) for the OD stretch ration.
  • This will orient/strengthen the outside of the balloon to the strength of the strongest part of the known balloon.
  • the inside of the balloon would be stretched much further, to about 14.1X, and the inside temperature would be raised about 91°C to allow this higher stretch.
  • the temperature of the ID would be ranged to find the temperature which produced the highest tensile strength. If the temperature is too low, the balloon will not form or the inner surface may be damaged. If the temperature is too high, the orientation would be less than optimum. This is an extreme process aimed at producing the ultimate tensile strength.
  • a balloon is produced having the same wall thickness as the known product, but a higher average tensile strength.
  • the ID stretch and temperature are kept the same as in the known process and the outer diameter (mold) temperature is lowered to increase the orientation/strength of the outer layers of the wall.
  • the OD temperature would be ranged in order to equalize the orientation.
  • the amount the OD temperature may be reduced is limited by the second order transmission temperature which may prevent achieving the optimum tensile strength.
  • a "middle ground” approach is used in which the '"average" diameter is stretched the same as the known ID stretch ratio with the ID at a temperature higher than the known process and the OD at a temperature lower than the known process.
  • a higher average tensile strength would be achieved with a lower wall thickness.
  • Balloons made at the various conditions set forth above can burst a body temperature, and the tensile strength then calculated from the measured burst pressure. By plotting the various tensile strengths it is possible to locate the parameters necessary to achieve the maximum average tensile strength.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP92307979A 1991-09-06 1992-09-03 Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Zugfestigkeit eines Dilatationsballons Expired - Lifetime EP0531117B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75569691A 1991-09-06 1991-09-06
US755696 1991-09-06

Publications (3)

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EP0531117A2 true EP0531117A2 (de) 1993-03-10
EP0531117A3 EP0531117A3 (de) 1993-04-14
EP0531117B1 EP0531117B1 (de) 1997-01-08

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US (1) US5304340A (de)
EP (1) EP0531117B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH05192408A (de)
CA (1) CA2077631A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69216513T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2097285T3 (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996012516A1 (en) * 1994-10-19 1996-05-02 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. High strength dilatation balloons
WO1997010871A1 (en) * 1995-09-18 1997-03-27 W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc. A balloon catheter device
EP0868926A3 (de) * 1997-02-28 1998-12-16 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Koextrudierter Ballon und Vefahren zu seiner Herstellung
US6013728A (en) * 1994-07-25 2000-01-11 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Polymer blends for use in making medical devices including catheters and balloons for dilatation catheters
WO1998039044A3 (en) * 1997-03-06 2000-03-30 Percusurge Inc Balloon catheter and method of manufacture
WO2000043051A1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2000-07-27 Atrium Medical Corporation Expandable fluoropolymer device for delivery of therapeutic agents
US6319229B1 (en) 1998-02-19 2001-11-20 Medtronic Percusurge, Inc. Balloon catheter and method of manufacture
US6406457B1 (en) 1994-03-02 2002-06-18 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Block copolymer elastomer catheter balloons
US6607544B1 (en) 1994-01-26 2003-08-19 Kyphon Inc. Expandable preformed structures for deployment in interior body regions
US6719773B1 (en) 1998-06-01 2004-04-13 Kyphon Inc. Expandable structures for deployment in interior body regions
US7261720B2 (en) 2002-01-11 2007-08-28 Kyphon Inc. Inflatable device for use in surgical protocol relating to fixation of bone
US7879270B2 (en) * 2003-08-18 2011-02-01 Medtronic, Inc Process for producing a hyper-elastic, high strength dilatation balloon made from multi-block copolymers

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JPH05192408A (ja) * 1991-09-06 1993-08-03 C R Bard Inc 膨張バルーン製造方法
US5853408A (en) * 1992-08-20 1998-12-29 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. In-vivo modification of the mechanical properties of surgical devices
US5348538A (en) * 1992-09-29 1994-09-20 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Shrinking balloon catheter having nonlinear or hybrid compliance curve
US5500180A (en) 1992-09-30 1996-03-19 C. R. Bard, Inc. Method of making a distensible dilatation balloon using a block copolymer
EP0738168B1 (de) 1993-10-01 2004-01-21 Boston Scientific Corporation Medizinische, thermoplastische elastomere enthaltende ballone
US6896842B1 (en) 1993-10-01 2005-05-24 Boston Scientific Corporation Medical device balloons containing thermoplastic elastomers
US5718861A (en) * 1993-12-20 1998-02-17 C. R. Bard, Incorporated Method of forming intra-aortic balloon catheters
JP3523876B2 (ja) * 1994-02-17 2004-04-26 シメッド ライフ システムズ インコーポレイテッド カテーテルバルーンの製造方法
US7163522B1 (en) 1994-03-02 2007-01-16 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Block copolymer elastomer catheter balloons
US6146356A (en) * 1994-03-02 2000-11-14 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Block copolymer elastomer catheter balloons
US7108826B2 (en) * 1994-03-02 2006-09-19 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. High compliance, high strength catheter balloons useful for treatment of gastrointestinal lesions
ATE189402T1 (de) * 1994-03-02 2000-02-15 Scimed Life Systems Inc Blockcopolymerelastomer ballon für katheter
US6171278B1 (en) 1994-03-02 2001-01-09 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Block copolymer elastomer catheter balloons
US5830182A (en) * 1994-03-02 1998-11-03 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Block copolymer elastomer catheter balloons
US5951941A (en) * 1994-03-02 1999-09-14 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Block copolymer elastomer catheter balloons
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US5749851A (en) * 1995-03-02 1998-05-12 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Stent installation method using balloon catheter having stepped compliance curve
EP0828525B1 (de) 1995-05-24 2004-07-28 Schneider (Usa) Inc. Polyesteretheramidecopolymer enthaltende dilationsballone
US20060271091A1 (en) * 1995-09-18 2006-11-30 Campbell Carey V Balloon catheter device
DE69611378T2 (de) * 1995-11-08 2001-04-26 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Verfahren zur ballonherstellung durch kaltziehen/einhalsen
DE69716038T2 (de) * 1996-01-31 2003-08-14 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington Dilatationsballonkatheter mit verbesserter durchlöcherungsbeständigkeit
ATE287678T1 (de) * 1996-02-28 2005-02-15 Bard Peripheral Vascular Inc Mit einem flansch ausgestattetes transplantat für eine end-zu-seit-anastomose
US6190590B1 (en) * 1996-02-28 2001-02-20 Impra, Inc. Apparatus and method for making flanged graft for end-to-side anastomosis
US6273912B1 (en) 1996-02-28 2001-08-14 Impra, Inc. Flanged graft for end-to-side anastomosis
US5643279A (en) * 1996-03-12 1997-07-01 Cordis Corporation Method of catheter balloon manufacture and use
US5672169A (en) * 1996-04-10 1997-09-30 Medtronic, Inc. Stent mounting device
US5868705A (en) * 1996-05-20 1999-02-09 Percusurge Inc Pre-stretched catheter balloon
US6746425B1 (en) * 1996-06-14 2004-06-08 Futuremed Interventional Medical balloon
US7749585B2 (en) * 1996-10-08 2010-07-06 Alan Zamore Reduced profile medical balloon element
US6702789B1 (en) 1997-03-11 2004-03-09 Alcove Medical, Inc. Catheter having insertion control mechanism and anti-bunching mechanism
GB9709967D0 (en) 1997-05-17 1997-07-09 Harris Peter L Prosthetic grafts
US6284333B1 (en) 1997-09-10 2001-09-04 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Medical devices made from polymer blends containing low melting temperature liquid crystal polymers
US6358227B1 (en) 1997-09-10 2002-03-19 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Dilatation catheter balloon made from pen based homopolymer or random copolymer
US7101597B2 (en) 1997-09-10 2006-09-05 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices made from polymer blends containing low melting temperature liquid crystal polymers
US6242063B1 (en) 1997-09-10 2001-06-05 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Balloons made from liquid crystal polymer blends
US6048338A (en) * 1997-10-15 2000-04-11 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Catheter with spiral cut transition member
US5948345A (en) * 1998-01-05 1999-09-07 Medtronic, Inc. Method for making medical balloon catheter
US5997503A (en) * 1998-02-12 1999-12-07 Ballard Medical Products Catheter with distally distending balloon
ATE259668T1 (de) 1998-03-04 2004-03-15 Boston Scient Ltd Zusammensetzung und verfahren zur herstellung von pbt-katheterballons
US6287314B1 (en) * 1998-04-21 2001-09-11 Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Stent deploying catheter system
US6024752A (en) * 1998-05-11 2000-02-15 Scimed Life Systems, Inc. Soft flexible tipped balloon
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DE69216513D1 (de) 1997-02-20
US5304340A (en) 1994-04-19
JPH05192408A (ja) 1993-08-03
DE69216513T2 (de) 1997-05-28
EP0531117B1 (de) 1997-01-08
ES2097285T3 (es) 1997-04-01
CA2077631A1 (en) 1993-03-07
EP0531117A3 (de) 1993-04-14

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