EP0529441B1 - Four de pyrolyse pour le craquage thermique d'hydrocarbures - Google Patents

Four de pyrolyse pour le craquage thermique d'hydrocarbures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0529441B1
EP0529441B1 EP92113909A EP92113909A EP0529441B1 EP 0529441 B1 EP0529441 B1 EP 0529441B1 EP 92113909 A EP92113909 A EP 92113909A EP 92113909 A EP92113909 A EP 92113909A EP 0529441 B1 EP0529441 B1 EP 0529441B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
group
pyrolysis furnace
tubes
radiant zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92113909A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0529441A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Dipl.-Ing. Holzhausen (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Selas Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Selas Kirchner GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Selas Kirchner GmbH filed Critical Selas Kirchner GmbH
Publication of EP0529441A1 publication Critical patent/EP0529441A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0529441B1 publication Critical patent/EP0529441B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
    • C10G9/18—Apparatus
    • C10G9/20—Tube furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pyrolysis furnace for the thermal splitting of hydrocarbons with a radiation zone, burners and cracking tubes installed therein, the cracking tubes in the radiation zone consisting of parallel, vertically extending straight pipe sections and connecting pipe elbows located in the lower region of the radiation zone, at least in each case Four canned tubes are combined into groups arranged in the same way in the radiation zone, the canned tubes of a group in the lower and upper region of the radiation zone being combined in an outlet tube via tube collecting pieces, the straight tube pieces and the tube collecting pieces of the individual groups being single-row in the transverse direction of the pyrolysis furnace, ie are arranged in one plane.
  • the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons usually takes place in pyrolysis furnaces.
  • a conventional pyrolysis furnace has a radiation zone heated by burners.
  • the thermal splitting of the hydrocarbons is carried out in canned tubes in the radiation zone.
  • the splitting of the hydrocarbons can be facilitated in that the hydrocarbons are preheated in a convection zone of the pyrolysis furnace before being introduced into the radiation zone.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the arrangement of the can in the radiation zone of such a pyrolysis furnace.
  • 16 canned tubes are grouped into groups A, B and C.
  • the areas of the individual groups are indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • the hydrocarbons to be split are fed into the split tubes in the radiation zone from above in the direction of the arrow.
  • the canned pipes run parallel and straight (Z direction) to the lower area of the radiation zone, where two canned pipes are combined via a pipe collecting piece. Pipe bends are connected to the resulting eight canned pipes in the group.
  • Straight, parallel and vertical pipe sections arranged in the Z direction lead from the pipe elbows to the upper region of the radiation zone. There, four pipe sections are combined in pipe collectors to form two canned pipes. These two canned tubes are brought together in a further tube collecting piece to form the outlet tube of the respective group.
  • the split hydrocarbons are passed through the three outlet tubes of the groups from the radiation zone of the pyrolysis furnace.
  • the straight pipe sections and the pipe collecting sections of the individual groups are arranged in a single row. They are all on the same level (X / Z level). Only the pipe elbows in the lower area of the radiation zone have projections and protrude from this level.
  • the can is usually suspended in the radiation zone of the pyrolysis furnace. Length extensions caused by temperature changes make it necessary to hang up the can. However, the mechanical loading of the canned tubes is considerable in this case due to their own weight. For this reason, voltage overruns occur especially in the elbows, especially at high temperatures.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of disclosing a pyrolysis furnace of the type mentioned at the outset which in a simple manner prevents excess voltages in the can.
  • the arrangement of the canned tubes in the pyrolysis furnace according to the invention requires that the straight pipe sections through which the two halves of a group flow from top to bottom surround the pipe sections through which the bottom flows upwards laterally in the plane of arrangement of the canned pipes in the radiation zone.
  • the radius of curvature of the elbows is considerably reduced, as a result of which the stresses that occur are substantially reduced.
  • the projections of the pipe elbows are also smaller, ie the pipe elbows protrude considerably less from the arrangement level of the can. This also leads to a Reduction of the stress on the can.
  • the heat distribution over the can of the individual groups is also more uniform.
  • the canned tubes are staggered in steps before entering the radiation zone and a split gas cooler is located above each outlet tube of a group outside the radiation zone in a straight extension of the outlet tubes.
  • the canned tubes are guided around the cracked gas cooler in one step (two 90 ° bends) before entering the radiation zone. This enables a particularly advantageous vertical arrangement of the cracked gas coolers.
  • the canned tubes prefferably be combined into a canned tube with a comparatively enlarged diameter by means of tube collecting pieces. As a result, the pressure loss in the can is kept small.
  • FIG. 2 shows a canned tube arrangement of a pyrolysis furnace according to the invention, which illustrates the invention in a modification of the conventional canned tube arrangement from FIG. 1 according to the prior art.
  • three groups of canned tubes A, B and C are also shown.
  • the hydrocarbons to be split are shown in the direction of the arrow introduced into the pipes at the top.
  • the three groups of canned tubes are staggered (two 90 ° bends) around three cracked gas coolers (not shown) before they run into the radiation zone of the pyrolysis furnace.
  • the cracked gas coolers are located in the extension of the three outlet pipes (arrows pointing in the Z direction).
  • the dashed line symbolizes the upper end of the radiation zone of the pyrolysis furnace.
  • Straight, vertical (Z-direction) pipe sections of the canned tubes extend to the lower area of the radiation zone.
  • two canned tubes are combined to form a tube via a tube collecting piece.
  • the resulting eight canned tubes per group merge into eight elbows, four of which each have approximately the same direction of curvature. A certain deviation in the direction of curvature is caused by the protrusions of the elbows.
  • the arrangement of the pipe elbows enables the eight straight pipe sections of each group into which the pipe elbows flow to flow from the bottom to the top, lie in the plane of arrangement of the can between the straight pipe sections through which the pipe flows from top to bottom.
  • the straight pipe sections of the groups are in the arrangement level of the can (X / Z plane).
  • the eight straight pipe sections of each group through which flow flows from bottom to top, are first combined into two canned pipes via pipe collecting pieces and into an outlet pipe via another pipe collecting piece. Above the three outlet pipes are the cracked gas coolers, not shown, in a straight extension of the outlet pipes.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Four de pyrolyse pour le craquage thermique d'hydrocarbures comportant une zone de rayonnement et des brûleurs et des tubes de craquage installés dans cette zone, étant entendu que les tuhes de craquage dans la zone de rayonnement sont constitués de longueurs de tubes rectilignes, disposées parallèlement et s'étendant verticalement et de raccords coudés qui les relient et se trouvent dans la région inférieure de la zone de rayonnement, que les tubes de craquage sont rassemblés au moins par quatre, en des groupes disposés de manière homogène dans la zone de rayonnement, que les tubes de craquage d'un groupe, dans la région inférieure et la région supérieure de la zone de rayonnement, sont réunis via des longueurs de tubes collecteurs respectivement en un tube de sortie, et que les longueurs de tubes rectilignes et les longueurs de tubes collecteurs des groupes individuels sont disposées en une rangée, c'est-à-dire dans un plan, dans la direction transversale du four de pyrolyse, caractérisé en ce que les longueurs de tubes d'un groupe, à l'entrée de la zone de rayonnement, sont disposées pour une moitié à gauche et pour une moitié à droite du tube de sortie du groupe et que les raccords coudés d'une première moitié du groupe sont installés, orientés dans la direction opposée à celle des raccords coudés de la deuxième moitié du groupe.
  2. Four de pyrolyse suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les tubes de craquage, avant l'entrée dans la zone de rayonnement, sont agencés avec un décalage formant gradin et qu'un dispositif de refroidissement de gaz de craquage se trouve au-dessus de chaque tube de sortie d'un groupe, à l'extérieur de la zone de rayonnement, dans le prolongement en ligne droite des tubes d'évacuation.
  3. Four de pyrolyse suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que des tubes de craquage sont réunis via des longueurs de tubes collecteurs respectivement en un tube de craquage de diamètre relativement augmenté.
EP92113909A 1991-08-28 1992-08-14 Four de pyrolyse pour le craquage thermique d'hydrocarbures Expired - Lifetime EP0529441B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4128521 1991-08-28
DE4128521A DE4128521A1 (de) 1991-08-28 1991-08-28 Pyrolyseofen zum thermischen spalten von kohlenwasserstoffen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0529441A1 EP0529441A1 (fr) 1993-03-03
EP0529441B1 true EP0529441B1 (fr) 1995-05-03

Family

ID=6439313

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92113909A Expired - Lifetime EP0529441B1 (fr) 1991-08-28 1992-08-14 Four de pyrolyse pour le craquage thermique d'hydrocarbures

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5271809A (fr)
EP (1) EP0529441B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4128521A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2073218T3 (fr)

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US5636580A (en) * 1995-11-22 1997-06-10 Kanis; Douglas R. Pyrolysis system and a method of pyrolyzing
AU7487198A (en) * 1997-05-13 1998-12-08 Stone & Webster Engineering Corporation Cracking furnace with radiant heating tubes
RU2211854C2 (ru) * 1997-06-10 2003-09-10 Эксон Кемикэл Пейтентс Инк. Пиролизная печь с u-образным змеевиком с внутренним оребрением
DE10018201A1 (de) * 2000-04-12 2001-10-25 Linde Ag Pyrolyseofen zum thermischen Spalten von Kohlenwasserstoffen
US6644358B2 (en) * 2001-07-27 2003-11-11 Manoir Industries, Inc. Centrifugally-cast tube and related method and apparatus for making same
US7004085B2 (en) 2002-04-10 2006-02-28 Abb Lummus Global Inc. Cracking furnace with more uniform heating
US20090022635A1 (en) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-22 Selas Fluid Processing Corporation High-performance cracker
US8376034B2 (en) * 2007-09-26 2013-02-19 General Electric Company Radiant coolers and methods for assembling same
US8393160B2 (en) 2007-10-23 2013-03-12 Flex Power Generation, Inc. Managing leaks in a gas turbine system
US8671658B2 (en) 2007-10-23 2014-03-18 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Oxidizing fuel
US7954544B2 (en) * 2007-11-28 2011-06-07 Uop Llc Heat transfer unit for high reynolds number flow
CN101723784B (zh) * 2008-10-16 2012-12-26 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种乙烯裂解炉
US8701413B2 (en) 2008-12-08 2014-04-22 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Oxidizing fuel in multiple operating modes
US8621869B2 (en) 2009-05-01 2014-01-07 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Heating a reaction chamber
WO2011116010A1 (fr) 2010-03-15 2011-09-22 Flexenergy, Inc. Traitement de carburant et d'eau
US9057028B2 (en) 2011-05-25 2015-06-16 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gasifier power plant and management of wastes
US9279364B2 (en) 2011-11-04 2016-03-08 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Multi-combustor turbine
US9273606B2 (en) 2011-11-04 2016-03-01 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Controls for multi-combustor turbine
US9359947B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-06-07 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with heat control
US9328660B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-05-03 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation and multiple flow paths
US9017618B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2015-04-28 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with heat exchange media
US9534780B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2017-01-03 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Hybrid gradual oxidation
US9273608B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-03-01 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation and autoignition temperature controls
US9267432B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-02-23 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Staged gradual oxidation
US9359948B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-06-07 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with heat control
US9234660B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-01-12 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with heat transfer
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US9371993B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-06-21 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation below flameout temperature
US9567903B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2017-02-14 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with heat transfer
US9381484B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-07-05 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with adiabatic temperature above flameout temperature
US8807989B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2014-08-19 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Staged gradual oxidation
US9726374B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2017-08-08 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with flue gas
US8926917B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2015-01-06 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with adiabatic temperature above flameout temperature
US8980193B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2015-03-17 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation and multiple flow paths
US9328916B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2016-05-03 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with heat control
US8844473B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2014-09-30 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with reciprocating engine
US8980192B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2015-03-17 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation below flameout temperature
US9206980B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2015-12-08 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation and autoignition temperature controls
US8671917B2 (en) 2012-03-09 2014-03-18 Ener-Core Power, Inc. Gradual oxidation with reciprocating engine
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CN107497239B (zh) * 2017-09-22 2024-03-29 江门展艺电脑机械有限公司 一种废气热解炉
CN110835547A (zh) * 2018-08-16 2020-02-25 中国石化工程建设有限公司 乙烯裂解炉

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0529441A1 (fr) 1993-03-03
ES2073218T3 (es) 1995-08-01
DE4128521A1 (de) 1993-03-04
DE59202073D1 (de) 1995-06-08
US5271809A (en) 1993-12-21

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