EP0528334B1 - Device for making tubular concrete articles with reinforcing elements - Google Patents

Abstract

In a device for producing ring-shaped concrete articles fitted with step irons, a mould core (14) is arranged immovably underground. In order to fit the mould core (14) with step irons, a platform (32) is arranged at the side of the mould core (14) outside the path of motion of the associated mantle (24), it being possible for the operator to raise and lower the platform alongside the mould core in order to insert the individual step irons (16) into the appropriate mountings in the mould core (14) in the most favourable ergonomic position in each case. <IMAGE>

Description

• a) einen unter Flur bleibend angeordneten Formkern;
• b) eine den Formkern umschließende, höhenverstellbare Formteilauflage, welche zwischen einer unter Flur abgesenkten Formgebungsstellung und einer mindestens auf Flurhöhe liegenden Formteilentnahmestellung höhenverstellbar ist und zur Absenkung und Anhebung einer Untermuffe bestimmt und ausgebildet ist;
• c) Haltemittel an dem Formkern zur Aufnahme der Bewehrungsteile;
• d) gegebenenfalls Rückstellmittel zum Zurückziehen mindestens eines Teils der Haltemittel aus einer Haltestellung in eine Formteil-Entnahmestellung;
• e) einen Formmantel;
• f) Hubmittel zur Verstellung des Formmantels zwischen einer unter Flur gelegenen Formgebungsstellung und einer über Flur gelegenen Formteil-Entnahmestellung;
• g) Mittel zum Einbringen von Betonmischungen in einen durch den Formkern, die abgesenkte Untermuffe und den in seiner Formgebungsstellung an die Untermuffe angrenzenden Formmantel gebildeten Formraum und
• h) Mittel zur Erleichterung des Einlegens der Bewehrungsteile in den Formkern.

The invention relates to a device for the production of tubular concrete parts with reinforcement parts anchored in the respective concrete part, in particular crampons projecting into the interior of the concrete part

• a) a mold core arranged under the floor;
• b) a height-adjustable molded part support enclosing the mold core, which is height-adjustable between a shaping position lowered under the floor and a molded part removal position at least at floor level and is designed and designed for lowering and raising a lower sleeve;
• c) holding means on the mandrel for receiving the reinforcement parts;
• d) if necessary, restoring means for withdrawing at least some of the holding means from a holding position into a molded part removal position;
• e) a molded jacket;
• f) lifting means for adjusting the shaped jacket between a shaping position located below the floor and a molded part removal position located above the floor;
• g) means for introducing concrete mixtures into a mold space formed by the mold core, the lowered lower sleeve and the mold jacket adjacent to the lower sleeve in its shaping position, and
• h) Means to facilitate the insertion of the reinforcement parts in the mandrel.

When manufacturing shaft pipe elements made of concrete with vibrated climbing elements or crampons, the climbing elements must be inserted into the mold core before the filling and compression process so that they can be clamped there.

For this purpose, reference is made, for example, to DE-C-31 10 185.

Almost all machines on the market for the production of such shaft pipe elements are equipped with stationary mold cores. The mold cores are installed so that their top edge is flush with the floor. This means that the climbing elements must be inserted at a level below the hall level. Originally, in most cases, only two riser elements were inserted in the case of shaft pipe elements, and the riser elements were inserted into the holder manually, from above, with the operator having to stoop or kneel. In the manufacture of shaft pipe elements with more than 2 climbing elements, the other climbing elements were manually guided downwards by a special gripping stick and placed there in the holder on the core.

Since this loading process was very difficult, tedious and slow, a stairway was often arranged in front of or next to the machine. The operator then had to climb down the stairs with each insertion process and insert the climbing elements into the holder of the mandrel. The operator had to bend down, especially when inserting the lower climbing elements, to insert them into the holders provided. The operator had to climb and descend the stairs up to 250 times per shift in order to populate the mandrel with the climbing elements. This was particularly troublesome and time-consuming when the shaft pipe elements were produced with a height of up to 2 m, especially since - due to the inclination of the stairs - it was almost never possible to enter a comfortable position in order to comfortably insert the climbing elements into the mold core.

Various solutions have been proposed to rationalize this time-consuming, inconvenient operation.

According to the German utility model DE-U-85 33 861, the mandrel for loading with climbing elements is moved upwards from the machine pit over the corridor, so that the climbing elements can be inserted without additional gripping devices and without climbing stairs. The technical effort for this is relatively large, since the entire mandrel with vibrating device must be built in a height-adjustable design. Due to the required accuracy of fit, the precision required for the guides is very high. Large mass forces must also be overcome. Furthermore, a correspondingly large free space must be created for mold cores with a height of approx. 2 m above the machine.

The lower risers can only be inserted here by bending over the operator.

From the German utility model 85 01 471 and the corresponding European patent application 160 170, a device can be found in which the climbing elements are removed from magazines and inserted into the holders of the mandrel under the floor. This version is very expensive. The main disadvantage is that the climbing elements must be built in a magazine-compatible design. The climbing elements, which are used in the various industrialized countries, are built and constructed in such a way that they ensure the best possible accessibility when installed. In the construction of the climbing elements, no consideration is given to the ability to store magazines. As a result, this device is only of limited use. It can only be used if the climbing elements used can be stored in a magazine. Even with stackable climbing elements, there are major problems because they are not precisely manufactured. Experience has shown that riser elements made of gray cast iron or aluminum are used without any post-processing. Due to the casting inaccuracy, there are multiple faults when working, despite the desired magazines.

A device known from DE-C-35 07 270 has the advantage that only small masses have to be moved when inserting the climbing elements. For this purpose, a loading basket with crampons is moved in the horizontal direction until it is in alignment with the mold space and then lowered into the mold space. The lowered loading basket then transfers the crampons to the holders. The loading basket is then moved upwards out of the molding space and moved away to the side. The mandrel can remain in a stationary design. Any type of riser elements can be inserted into the loading basket and inserted into the mold core.

This device has also proven itself when more than two climbing elements are inserted.

However, when more than four riser elements are used, i.e. for the manufacture of shaft pipe elements with a height of up to 2 m, the technical effort is relatively high. A corresponding free space must be created above the mandrel so that the loading basket can be retracted from the side over the mandrel.

Smaller concrete goods factories in particular do not have the financial means to purchase such large, precisely guided insertion devices. You therefore have to fall back on the original methods of inserting the climbing elements described by hand at the beginning.

The invention has for its object to develop a device of the generic type that significantly simplifies conventional manual insertion with low investment costs; in particular, the insertion of the reinforcement parts should be made easier with very high mandrels; it should also be possible for the operator to be able to return to the corridor level after inserting the reinforcement parts, in particular crampons, i.e. not during the completion of the mold cavity, during filling and during shaking if there is a corresponding risk in the pit.

To achieve this object, it is proposed according to the invention that a height-adjustable platform for an operator is arranged in the area surrounding the mandrel, which platform is used for in the shaping position of the molded part support along the height of the mandrel in insertion positions to the different brackets can be moved.

With this configuration of the device, the operator can drive down or then up along the mold core located in the pit and then up again, taking the reinforcement parts, hereinafter referred to as crampons, with him and either during the downward movement or during the Moves up into the brackets in the mandrel. The stroke and the individual standstill stations in the course of the stroke can be selected so that the operator can insert the crampons standing or sitting without bending down or other body contortions.

In particular, it is conceivable that the platform can be adjusted in height between a lowering position which is at or below the level of the lowest crampon in each case and a raised position which is at least approximately at floor level. If crampons are to be laid to the lower end of the respective concrete part, it can be provided that the platform is in its lowered position at the level of the molded part support in the shaping position or below.

In order to give the operator time to carefully insert the crampons into the holders on the core during the lowering or raising of the platform, it can be provided that the platform can be locked in at least one intermediate position between the lowered position and the raised position.

In order to give the operator the opportunity to adapt the dwell times in individual stations to the respective time requirement, it can be provided that the platform is equipped with a moving control switch for controlling its lifting or lowering movement.

In order to relieve the operator of having to grasp between the crampons and the switch, it can be provided that the control switch is a foot switch.

In order to save the operator from having to bend over crampons lying on the platform, it is possible for a crampon support to be arranged on the platform. This carrier can be arranged at the operator's hand height and its height is measured according to whether one wants the operator to work in a sitting or standing position.

The platform can be height-adjustable by a fluid-operated power device, in particular a lifting press. On the other hand, the molded part support can be height-adjustable by a separate, in particular a further fluid-actuated, power device from the power device of the platform.

In order to make it easier for the operator to bring the crampons to the platform, an intermediate storage for crampons can be arranged in close proximity to the platform. This intermediate storage can in particular be arranged in such proximity to the platform that the operator can remove crampons from the intermediate storage from the platform.

If the system does not require the operator to leave the platform in the machine section for other reasons, any further control elements for controlling the operating sequence of the device can be arranged on the platform or in an area which can be reached by the operator located on the platform is.

The mandrel must be serviced regularly. In order not to hinder maintenance by the platform, it is provided that the platform is guided on a vertical guide which is arranged on or near a lateral boundary of a pit which accommodates the mandrel.

In such an embodiment, the guide can be accommodated in such a way that the vertical guide is arranged between the bottom of the pit and a covering overhang of the pit.

For the accommodation of the power device, it is then further proposed that a power device with an upper of two relatively movable parts is fixed on the underside of the covering projection and with the other of its movable parts acts on a guide carriage of the platform.

A particularly favorable design with regard to the maintenance of the mandrel results when the platform can be folded from a substantially horizontal operating position into a substantially vertical non-operating position.

Figur 1

eine Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung teilweise geschnitten;

Figur 2

eine weitere Ansicht der Einrichtung in Pfeilrichtung II der Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine Draufsicht der Einrichtung nach Figur 1 und 2;

Figur 4

eine Abwandlung zu Figur 1 in Teilansicht.

The accompanying figures explain the invention using an exemplary embodiment. They represent:

Figure 1

a view of a device according to the invention partially cut;

Figure 2

another view of the device in the direction of arrow II of Figure 1;

Figure 3

a plan view of the device of Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 4

a modification of Figure 1 in partial view.

In the figures, a pit 10 can be seen, which is arranged sunk relative to the floor level 12. A mold core 14 can be seen in this pit. The mold core 14 is equipped with devices for holding crampons 16. For the design of such devices, DE-C-31 10 185 refers to FIG. 1 and to the associated description in column 4, line 46 to column 12, line 66. Reference is also made to the possibilities according to FIG. 9 and the associated description according to column 14, line 23 to column 15, line 55.

The mandrel 14 is stationary on the bottom of the pit 10 by a stand 18. The mold core is surrounded by an annular molded part support 22, on which sub-sleeves 23 are placed for each individual concrete part. The molded part support 22 can be adjusted in height by means of a power device 25. A shaped jacket is arranged concentrically to the mandrel 14 and is also height-adjustable by means of a further power device 26. In Figures 1 and 2, the shaped jacket 24 is not yet in its highest position. It must be able to be moved so far up that its distance from the floor level 12 is greater than the height of the mold core 14. Inside the mold jacket 24 one recognizes a fold formation ring 28 which is intended to rub a fold into the upper end of the resulting concrete part.

To form a mold cavity, the molded part support 22 is first lowered into the position shown in FIG. 1 by means of the power device 25. Before the lowering onto the molded part support 22, a lower sleeve 23 is placed, which can be designed as a folded ring. This sub-sleeve forms part of the shaping surfaces, namely it forms the lower shaping surface for the concrete part. It remains on the concrete part after it has been removed from the mold until the concrete part is essentially completely hardened. The lower sleeve 23 allows the molded part to be handled after it has been separated from the mold core 14 and the molded jacket 24. When the molded part support 22 is lowered, the lower sleeve 23 comes to rest on a support ring surface 27 which is arranged in a stationary manner with respect to the molded core and remains thereon while the molded part support is in place 22 lowered even further.

At this stage, while the mold jacket 24 is still in the raised position, the crampons 16 are inserted into the mold core 14 as described later and fixed thereon. If reinforcement rings are required for the molded part, they can also be inserted at this stage and carried, for example, by radial slides of the molded core.

Then the shaped jacket 24 is placed on the lower sleeve 23, which is supported by the support ring surface 27. An annular molding space is thus formed by the molding core 14, the lower sleeve (not shown) and the molding jacket 24. This Molding space can then be filled with concrete by means of a concrete dispenser 30, for which purpose the concrete dispenser 30 is moved to the left from its position shown in FIG. 1 until it is above the mold core 14 with its left end. After the concrete has been poured in and the concrete shaken, the holders for the crampons 16 carried by a radially inwardly movable wall section 14a of the mandrel 14 are moved so far inside the mandrel 14 that they release the crampons 16 for a movement of the concrete part then formed upwards. The shaped jacket 24 is moved up again. Subsequently, by lifting the molded part support 22 by means of the force device 25, the molded part resting on the lower sleeve 23 is raised with the crampons to above floor level and transported away transversely to the molded part axis. The process described so far is known per se from the abovementioned publications and is only mentioned here for the sake of completeness.

Now back to inserting the crampons: For this purpose, with the molded jacket 24 still raised, while the lower sleeve 23 rests on the support ring surface 27 of the mandrel 14 and the molded part support 22 is lowered slightly further than shown in FIG. 1, a lifting platform 32 is used, which is operated by a another power device, namely a hydraulic press 34, is worn. The lifting platform 32 is located within the pit 10 and can be lowered from floor level 12 to the level shown in dashed lines. An operator stands on the lifting platform 32 and grips as many crampons from an intermediate storage 31 accessible from the lifting platform as he needs for one or more successive loading processes. The operator then moves down and then up again by operating a foot switch 36. During the descent and / or during the ascent, the operator inserts a crampon into the various brackets. The platform can be brought to a standstill at various heights so that the operator can insert the individual crampons when he is in a convenient handling position for the respective holder. After inserting the crampons, the operator is back on the corridor level or - if he has already inserted the crampons during the descent - can return to the corridor level 12 by raising the platform 32 and thus leave the danger area.

A seat for the operator can be arranged on the platform 32 and also a support for crampons arranged approximately at the seat height, so that it is not necessary to bend over. The platform 32 can also be lowered even deeper than shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1, so that the lowest crampon positions are easy to reach. If reinforcement rings are to be introduced, it is in principle possible to also insert them from the platform 32.

As soon as the crampons and, if necessary, the reinforcement rings are fixed in the mold core 14 and the platform is again at floor level 12, the mold jacket, as described above, is brought into its lowered position by the power device 26 to complete the mold cavity.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of FIG. 3. A guide 140 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of a wall 142 of the pit 110 and extends between the floor 146, the pit 110 and a covering overhang 148 of this pit. The platform 132 is guided on the guide 140 by means of a slide 132a. The piston rod 134a of the hydraulic press 134 is fixed to the cover projection 148, while the cylinder 134b is connected to the guide carriage 132a. The platform 132 can be pivoted between the operating position shown in solid lines in FIG. 4 and an inoperative position in the direction of the pivot arrow 150. In the inoperative position, the platform 132 takes up little space within the pit 110, so that maintenance work on the mandrel (see FIG. 1) is not hindered.

In addition to climbing elements such as crampons, the term reinforcement parts also includes reinforcement rings, but also, for example, fastening elements that have to be anchored in the concrete part in order to accommodate parts to be subsequently attached to the concrete part.

In both embodiments, the fact that the platform 32 or 132 can be adjusted in height independently of the molded part support means that crampons which - after insertion - protrude into the mold space, cannot hinder the raising of the platform, because the platform can be out of overlap with the crampons. Accordingly, the operator can, after inserting the crampons, however they are designed, move back up to the corridor height before the shaped jacket is lowered.

Claims (17)

1. An apparatus for producing tubular concrete parts with reinforcing parts anchored in the respective concrete part and more particularly climbing irons (16), which extend into the internal space of the respective concrete part, said apparatus comprising

   a) a mould core (14) disposed permanently below the surface;

   b) enclosing the mould core (14), a vertically adjustable mould part support (22) which is vertically adjustable between a lowered sub-floor shaping position and a mould part removal position which is at least at floor height and which is intended for the lowering arid raising of a bottom ring (23);

   c) holding means at various heights on the mould core (14) to accommodate the reinforcing parts (16);

   d) possibly restoring means for retracting at least a part of the holding means out of a holding position into a mould part removal position;

   e) a mould shell (24);

   f) lifting means (26) for moving the mould shell (24) between a sub-floor shaping position and an above-floor mould part removal position;

   g) means (30) for feeding concrete mixtures into a mould space formed by the mould core (14), the lowered bottom ring and the mould shell (24) which is adjacent the bottom ring when in its shaping position and

   h) means of facilitating placing of the reinforcing parts (16) into the mould core,
   characterised in that in the area around the mould core (14) but outside the path of movement of the associated mould shell (24) there is a vertically adjustable platform (32) for an operator and which, when the mould part support (22) is in the shaping position, is adapted to travel along the height of the mould core (14) in climbing iron insertion positions in respect of the various holding means.
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the platform (32) is vertically adjustable between a lowered position which is at or below the level of whichever is the lowest reinforcing part (16) and a raised position which is at least approximately at floor level (12).
3. An apparatus according to Claim 2, characterised in that the platform (32), when in its lowered position, is at or is below the height of the mould part support (22) which is in its shaping position.
4. An apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the platform (32) can be locked in at least one midway position between the lowered position and the raised position.
5. An apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the platform (32) is equipped with a jointly moved control switch (36) for controlling its raising or lowering movements.
6. An apparatus according to Claim 5, characterised in that the control switch (36) is a foot switch.
7. An apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a carrier for reinforcing parts is disposed on the platform (32).
8. An apparatus according to Claim 7, characterised in that the carrier is disposed at hand height of the standing or seated operator.
9. An apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the platform (32) is vertically adjustable by a power unit, particularly a fluid-actuated power unit (34).
10. An apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the mould part support (22) is vertically adjustable by a power unit (25), which is separate from the power unit (34) provided for the platform (32), particularly a further fluid-actuated power unit.
11. An apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that an intermediate store (31) for reinforcing parts is disposed spatially in the vicinity of the platform (32).
12. An apparatus according to Claim 11, characterised in that the intermediate store (31) is disposed so closely to the platform (32) that from the platform the operator is able to withdraw reinforcing parts from the intermediate store.
13. An apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that further control means for controlling the operating cycle of the apparatus are disposed on the platform (32) or in an area which can be reached by the operator when he is on the platform.
14. An apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the platform (132) is guided on a vertical guide (140) disposed at or close to a lateral boundary (142) of a pit (110) which accommodates the mould core.
15. An apparatus according to Claim 14, characterised in that the vertical guide (140) is disposed between the bottom (146), the pit (110) and a projecting portion (148) which covers the pit (110).
16. An apparatus according to Claim 15, characterised in that a power unit (134) with an upper (134a) of two mutually relatively movable parts (134a, 134b) is fixed on the underside of the projecting covering portion (148) while the other (134b) of its movable parts engages a guide carriage (132a) of the platform (132).
17. An apparatus particularly according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the platform (132) can be swung out of its substantially horizontal working position into a substantially vertical inoperative position.

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