EP0526389A1 - Device for launching ammunition - Google Patents

Device for launching ammunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0526389A1
EP0526389A1 EP92710018A EP92710018A EP0526389A1 EP 0526389 A1 EP0526389 A1 EP 0526389A1 EP 92710018 A EP92710018 A EP 92710018A EP 92710018 A EP92710018 A EP 92710018A EP 0526389 A1 EP0526389 A1 EP 0526389A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
propellant
combustion chamber
propellant charge
primary coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92710018A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0526389B1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Eich
Gerhard Kordel
Matthias Kuhla
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff und Systemtechnik
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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Publication of EP0526389A1 publication Critical patent/EP0526389A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41WEAPONS
    • F41AFUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/58Electric firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/63Electric firing mechanisms having means for contactless transmission of electric energy, e.g. by induction, by sparking gap
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/08Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile modified for electric ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for firing ammunition according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Modular propellant bodies have been developed for firing projectiles, and different numbers can be used in the combustion chamber. All ranges can be covered by selecting a certain number of charge bodies.
  • DE 38 15 436 A1 describes such a modularly structured propellant charge body which contains propellant charge grains embedded as a propellant charge in a plastic matrix.
  • the propellant charge body can be designed as a cylindrical body and contains a longitudinal channel, on the wall of which there is a central firing.
  • the known modular propellant charge bodies are designed for automatic feeding and are ignited by the firing of the weapon by external firing.
  • a propellant lighter is used, which is initiated by a firing mechanism, for example in the form of a firing pin.
  • the propellant igniter initially ignites only the central firing of the first of the propellant charge modules arranged axially to one another and arranged one behind the other with an ignition jet extending into the combustion chamber. Since the ignition must first be carried out from module to module, there is a time delay until all propellant bodies are ignited. Simultaneous ignition of all propellant charge bodies is known with the Propellant igniters not possible. Another disadvantage is that each shot has a special propellant lighter, which must be matched to the geometric dimensions of the breech or to the charge used. This makes extensive warehousing necessary.
  • DE 27 34 169 A1 discloses a device for the contactless transmission of electrical energy for the pyrotechnic detonator of a projectile.
  • the electrical ignition energy is transferred from a primary coil to a secondary coil, which is connected to the pyrotechnic igniter.
  • Secondary coil and lighter are attached to the side of the projectile facing the breech, while the primary coil for exciting the secondary coil is integrated in the weapon breech in close proximity to the secondary coil.
  • a disadvantage is that the known ignition system only allows the initiation of the igniter of a single propellant body. Simultaneous ignition of several modular propellant bodies arranged one below the other is not possible with the ignition system.
  • the weapon breech Due to the required strength of the breech closing the combustion chamber against the high loads during firing and to reduce the eddy current losses in the primary coil due to the brief high current pulse in the primary coil, the weapon breech must be made of solid non-magnetic material. Since the magnetic coupling between the primary coil in the lock and the secondary coil in the combustion chamber takes place only with the interposition of a non-magnetic material and the magnetic field generated with the square of the distance decreases, the efficiency of the energy transfer is poor or limited. Furthermore, the cavity surrounding the primary coil in the closure leads to a weakening of the strength of the entire closure system.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for firing ammunition, the ignition system is simplified, has high reliability and allows simultaneous ignition of several charge bodies located in the combustion chamber.
  • the ignition of the individual propellant bodies located in the combustion chamber takes place inductively.
  • a stationary primary coil which generates an ignition signal with a high field strength, is arranged on the combustion chamber, while a secondary coil is present in each propellant charge body.
  • the secondary coil is connected to the ignition means resistance of an electrical ignition means integrated in each propellant charge body, through which the ignition of the propellant charge is initiated.
  • the time-changing magnetic field generated by the primary coil penetrates the charge space and induces a current in the secondary coils of the propellant charge bodies, so that the electrical igniters of all propellant charge bodies are activated simultaneously and all propellant charges ignite at once or simultaneously. Due to the simultaneous ignition of the propellant bodies, rapid firing sequences can be achieved.
  • a change in the magnetic field over time can advantageously be generated in that a charged capacitor - the ignition capacitor - is discharged via the primary coil.
  • the energy stored in the capacitor is transferred to the primary coil.
  • a magnetic field is created which shows the course of a forced damped periodic oscillation, the damping decrement and the change over time being essentially determined by the capacitance of the capacitor, the inductance of the primary coil and the ohmic loss component.
  • the closure can be constructed very easily. Since the primary coil is not integrated in the breech but is provided on the combustion chamber, there is no need to make an opening in the breech to accommodate a suitable ignition system.
  • the closure or at least its part facing the combustion chamber can be made of a solid non-magnetic material, e.g. Stainless steel X 5 MnCr 18 13 or X 50 CrMnNiN 22 9 according to DIN 17440, can be produced and therefore has a high strength against the high loads when the ammunition is fired.
  • a solid non-magnetic material e.g. Stainless steel X 5 MnCr 18 13 or X 50 CrMnNiN 22 9 according to DIN 17440, can be produced and therefore has a high strength against the high loads when the ammunition is fired.
  • e.g. ceramics can also be used as a solid, non-magnetic material.
  • the primary coil is suitable for igniting different charge types. There is no need for costly storage for several propellant lighters that have to
  • the primary coil advantageously has a length such that its range of action extends over the entire Combustion chamber extends. If an ignition signal is generated via the primary coil, the combustion chamber is completely penetrated by the magnetic field generated by the primary coil, so that there is a coupling of the energy from the primary coil to the secondary coils of the propellant charge bodies over the entire combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber can be equipped with a certain number of propellant bodies. Regardless of the position of the propellant body in the combustion chamber, a safe ignition of each individual propellant body is always guaranteed.
  • the primary coil expediently surrounds the combustion chamber.
  • the primary coil can be, for example, a cylindrical coil with helical windings completely surrounding the combustion chamber, so that the combustion chamber inside the coil is penetrated by an approximately homogeneous magnetic field.
  • the secondary coil can be arranged in the center of each propellant body.
  • the secondary coil is preferably arranged together with the resistance of the electrical ignition means in a tubular cylinder body which is located in a central recess in the propellant charge body. The cylinder body is enclosed by the propellant charge, which is then fired up centrally.
  • the cylinder body is preferably made of a combustible material, so that no significant residues remain after the propellant has been burned.
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through the device for firing ammunition in a schematic representation.
  • the device consists of a solid base body 1, which contains a cylindrical combustion chamber 3. At its rear end, the combustion chamber is closed by a screwable solid closure 5, which is shown in the view.
  • the combustion chamber 3 facing part 5 'of the breech 5 is made of solid non-magnetic material, as mentioned above, for example, while the rear part 5' as well as the base body 1 and the other parts connected therewith are made of normal weapon steel .
  • the combustion chamber 3 merges into the barrel 7 of the projectile tube 9, which connects to the front end of the base body 1.
  • the combustion chamber 3 here contains a total of six modularly designed cylindrical propellant charge bodies 11, which are arranged one behind the other in the combustion chamber 3 in an axially aligned manner.
  • the propellant charge body 11 are also shown in the view and are provided with a central axial channel 36, which is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the propellant charge bodies 11 are each enclosed by a combustible housing, which is not shown to simplify the drawing.
  • the combustible housings are designed such that they can be connected to one another in a manner known per se by means of a plug connection - as described, for example, in DE-U-70 00 615 - in accordance with the indicated lines 12.
  • the combustion chamber 3 can be equipped with a different number of propellant charge bodies 11. It is dimensioned here in such a way that, as shown in FIG. 1, it can accommodate a maximum of six propellant charge bodies 11.
  • the charges contained in the individual propellant charge bodies 11 are ignited inductively.
  • the cylindrical combustion chamber 3 is completely surrounded by a tubular coil body 15.
  • the coil former 15 receives the windings of a primary coil 17 - of which only one winding is shown here for each propellant charge body 11 according to the dashed line - which extends over the entire length of the combustion chamber. It consists of a non-magnetic material in which the helical windings of the coil 17 are embedded in helical grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the coil body 15. The windings are arranged very close to the combustion chamber 3.
  • the electrical connecting lines 19 of the primary coil 17 are led out of the base body 1. To the connecting lines 19 an ignition signal of an ignition device, not shown in FIG. 1, is applied.
  • the coil body 15 is in turn surrounded by a further sleeve-shaped body 16 which lies tightly against the outer lateral surface of the coil body 15 and is likewise made of non-magnetic material, as already mentioned above.
  • the body 16 serves to protect the primary coil 17 and partially shield the magnetic field generated therein.
  • the bobbin 15 and the tubular sleeve 16 surrounding it are inserted together into a corresponding recess 18 of the base body 1 with a press fit and can be seen, so to speak, as components of the base body 1, in contrast to the propellant charge bodies 11 and the projectile 13, which are reloaded after each shot Need to become.
  • the coil former 15 contains the propellant charge bodies 11, i.e. the diameter of the combustion chamber 3 is determined by the inner diameter of the coil former 15.
  • FIG. 2 shows one of the modular propellant charge bodies 11 located in the combustion chamber 3 in a partially sectioned illustration, the outer combustible sleeve for the propellant charge bodies 11 being omitted here as well.
  • the propellant charge body 11 is designed as a cylindrical molded body which contains the actual propellant charge 21 and an ignition body 23 for igniting the propellant charge.
  • the propellant charge 21 consists of propellant charge grains 25 which are embedded in a plastic matrix 27.
  • the plastic matrix 27 causes the propellant grains 25 to be mutually fixed, so that the propellant body 11 forms a compact body.
  • the cylindrical igniter 23 is in one longitudinal cylindrical recess 29 arranged in the center of the propellant body 11.
  • the ignition body 23 consists of a combustible material and accommodates a secondary coil 31, which is connected to the ignition agent resistor 33 of the ignition agent 35 e.g. is connected in parallel in the form of a heating wire.
  • the heating wire is coated with a highly inflammable pyrotechnic mass and is surrounded by an ignition means 35 contained in the ignition body 23.
  • the ignition means 35 can e.g. consist of plasticized nitrocellulose, which is deformed under pressure in a mold to form the sleeve-shaped body 23, in which the required porosity is subsequently produced in a known manner.
  • porous nitrocellulose e.g. nitrocellulose-containing paper can also be used, from which the sleeve-shaped ignition body 23 is produced by winding.
  • the winding process is interrupted at a suitable point in order to also wrap the ignition agent resistor 33 and the secondary coil 31.
  • the sleeve-shaped ignition body 23 has a central longitudinal channel 36.
  • the helical windings of the secondary coil 31 and the heating wire with the ignition means 35 are integrated in the annular cylinder body 23.
  • a suitable ignition signal is applied to the primary coil 17 for igniting the propellant charge bodies 11 located in the combustion chamber 3.
  • the temporally changing magnetic field of the primary coil 17 penetrates the cylindrical combustion chamber 3 completely.
  • each propellant body is connected via the connected secondary coil 31 11 consequently induces a current.
  • the ignition agent resistor 33 of the propellant charge body 11 coated with the pyrotechnic mass then begins to heat up and initiates the ignition means 35 of the igniter body 23, which in turn fires up the actual propellant charge 21 of the propellant charge body 11 centrally.
  • the simultaneous coupling of the ignition energy from the primary coil 17 to the secondary coils 31 of the individual propellant charge bodies 11 is provided over the entire combustion chamber, so that all propellant charge bodies 11 ignite simultaneously.
  • the primary coil 17 for the inductive ignition of the propellant charge body 11 is arranged on the combustion chamber 3 and there is no need for external ignition by an ignition system integrated in the closure, the structural design of the closure is simplified. Furthermore, the functional reliability is increased, since the propellant charge is ignited in accordance with the mission even if, for example, the igniter 23 should fail in a propellant charge body 11 in an exceptional case.

Abstract

Die Vorrichtung zum Verschießen von Munition weist einen Verbrennungsraum (3) auf, der mehrere eine Treibladung (21) und ein Zündmittel (35) zum Zünden der Treibladung (21) enthaltende Treibladungskörper (11) aufnimmt. An dem Verbrennungsraum (3) ist eine ortsfeste ein Zündsignal empfangende Primärspule (17) vorgesehen, während in jedem Treibladungskörper (11) eine Sekundärspule (31) angeordnet ist, die an einen das Anzündmittel (35) initiierenden Zündmittelwiderstand (33) angeschlossen ist. Das von der Primärspule erzeugte sich zeitlich ändernde Magnetfeld durchsetzt den Verbrennungsraum (3) und induziert in den Sekundärspulen (31) jedes Treibladungskörpers einen Strom, so daß die Anzündmittel (35) sämtlicher Treibladungskörper gleichzeitig aktiviert werden und alle Treibladungen (21) auf einmal zünden. Aufgrund der Simultanzündung der Treibladungskörper können schnelle Schußfolgen erzielt werden. <IMAGE>The device for firing ammunition has a combustion chamber (3) which receives a plurality of propellant bodies (11) containing a propellant charge (21) and an ignition means (35) for igniting the propellant charge (21). A stationary primary coil (17) receiving an ignition signal is provided on the combustion chamber (3), while a secondary coil (31) is arranged in each propellant charge body (11) and is connected to an ignition means resistor (33) that initiates the ignition means (35). The time-changing magnetic field generated by the primary coil passes through the combustion chamber (3) and induces a current in the secondary coils (31) of each propellant body, so that the ignition means (35) of all propellant bodies are activated simultaneously and all propellant charges (21) ignite at once. Due to the simultaneous ignition of the propellant bodies, rapid firing sequences can be achieved. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Verschießen von Munition nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for firing ammunition according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Für das Abschießen von Geschossen sind modulare Treibladungskörper entwickelt worden, die in unterschiedlicher Anzahl in den Verbrennungsraum eingesetzt werden können. Durch die Wahl einer bestimmten Anzahl von Ladungskörpern lassen sich alle Reichweiten abdecken. DE 38 15 436 A1 beschreibt einen derartigen modular aufgebauten Treibladungskörper, der als Treibladung in einer Kunststoffmatrix eingebettete Treibladungskörner enthält. Der Treibladungskörper kann als zylindrischer Körper ausgebildet sein und enthält einen längslaufenden Kanal, an dessen Wand sich eine Zentralanfeuerung befindet. Die bekannten modularen Treibladungskörper sind für eine automatische Zuführung ausgelegt und werden durch eine externe Anfeuerung durch den Verschluß der Waffe gezündet. Im Verschluß der Verbrennungskammer ist ein Treibladungsanzünder eingesetzt, der von einem Abfeuerungsmechanismus, beispielsweise in Form eines Schlagbolzens, initiiert wird. Der Treibladungsanzünder zündet mit einem sich in den Verbrennungsraum erstreckenden Zündstrahl zunächst nur die Zentralanfeuerung des ersten der axial zueinander ausgerichteten, hintereinander angeordneten Treibladungsmodule an. Da die Anzündung erst von Modul zu Modul geführt werden muß, ergibt sich ein zeitlicher Verzug, bis alle Treibladungskörper gezündet sind. Eine simultane Zündung aller Treibladungskörper ist mit den bekannten Treibladungszündern nicht möglich. Ferner ist nachteilig, daß zu jedem Schuß ein spezieller Treibladungsanzünder gehört, der auf die geometrischen Abmessungen des Verschlusses oder auf die verwendete Ladung abgestimmt sein muß. Dadurch wird eine umfangreiche Lagerhaltung notwendig.Modular propellant bodies have been developed for firing projectiles, and different numbers can be used in the combustion chamber. All ranges can be covered by selecting a certain number of charge bodies. DE 38 15 436 A1 describes such a modularly structured propellant charge body which contains propellant charge grains embedded as a propellant charge in a plastic matrix. The propellant charge body can be designed as a cylindrical body and contains a longitudinal channel, on the wall of which there is a central firing. The known modular propellant charge bodies are designed for automatic feeding and are ignited by the firing of the weapon by external firing. In the closure of the combustion chamber a propellant lighter is used, which is initiated by a firing mechanism, for example in the form of a firing pin. The propellant igniter initially ignites only the central firing of the first of the propellant charge modules arranged axially to one another and arranged one behind the other with an ignition jet extending into the combustion chamber. Since the ignition must first be carried out from module to module, there is a time delay until all propellant bodies are ignited. Simultaneous ignition of all propellant charge bodies is known with the Propellant igniters not possible. Another disadvantage is that each shot has a special propellant lighter, which must be matched to the geometric dimensions of the breech or to the charge used. This makes extensive warehousing necessary.

Aus DE 27 34 169 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung zur kontaktlosen Übertragung elektrischer Energie für den pyrotechnischen Zünder eines Geschosses bekannt. Die elektrische Zündenergie wird von einer Primärspule auf eine Sekundärspule übertragen, die an den pyrotechnischen Anzünder angeschlossen ist. Sekundärspule und Anzünder sind an der dem Verschluß zugewandten Seite des Geschosses angebracht, während die Primärspule zur Erregung der Sekundärspule im Waffenverschluß in unmittelbarer Nähe zur Sekundärspule integriert ist. Nachteilig ist, daß das bekannte Zündsystem nur die Initiierung des Anzündmittels eines einzigen Treibladungskörpers erlaubt. Die gleichzeitige Anzündung von mehreren untereinander angeordneten, modularen Treibladungskörpern ist mit dem Zündsystem nicht möglich.DE 27 34 169 A1 discloses a device for the contactless transmission of electrical energy for the pyrotechnic detonator of a projectile. The electrical ignition energy is transferred from a primary coil to a secondary coil, which is connected to the pyrotechnic igniter. Secondary coil and lighter are attached to the side of the projectile facing the breech, while the primary coil for exciting the secondary coil is integrated in the weapon breech in close proximity to the secondary coil. A disadvantage is that the known ignition system only allows the initiation of the igniter of a single propellant body. Simultaneous ignition of several modular propellant bodies arranged one below the other is not possible with the ignition system.

Aufgrund der geforderten Festigkeit des den Verbrennungsraum abschließenden Verschlusses gegen die hohen Belastungen beim Abschuß und zur Verringerung der Wirbelstromverluste in der Primärspule aufgrund des kurzzeitigen Hochstrompulses in der Primärspule muß der Waffenschluß aus massivem nicht magnetischem Material gefertigt sein. Da die magnetische Kopplung zwischen der im Verschluß befindlichen Primärspule und der Sekundärspule im Verbrennungsraum nur unter Zwischenschaltung eines nicht magnetischen Werkstoffs erfolgt und das erzeugte Magnetfeld mit dem Quadrat der Entfernung abnimmt, ist der Wirkungsgrad der Energie-übertragung schlecht bzw. begrenzt. Ferner führt der die Primärspule im Verschluß umgebende Hohlraum zu einer Schwächung der Festigkeit des gesamten Verschlußsystems.Due to the required strength of the breech closing the combustion chamber against the high loads during firing and to reduce the eddy current losses in the primary coil due to the brief high current pulse in the primary coil, the weapon breech must be made of solid non-magnetic material. Since the magnetic coupling between the primary coil in the lock and the secondary coil in the combustion chamber takes place only with the interposition of a non-magnetic material and the magnetic field generated with the square of the distance decreases, the efficiency of the energy transfer is poor or limited. Furthermore, the cavity surrounding the primary coil in the closure leads to a weakening of the strength of the entire closure system.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Verschießen von Munition zu schaffen, deren Zündsystem vereinfacht ist, eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit aufweist und eine gleichzeitige Zündung mehrerer im Verbrennungsraum befindlicher Ladungskörper erlaubt.The invention has for its object to provide a device for firing ammunition, the ignition system is simplified, has high reliability and allows simultaneous ignition of several charge bodies located in the combustion chamber.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.This object is achieved according to the invention with the features specified in claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Verschießen von Munition erfolgt die Zündung der einzelnen im Verbrennungsraum befindlichen Treibladungskörper induktiv. An dem Verbrennungsraum ist eine ortsfeste, ein Zündsignal mit hoher Feldstärke erzeugende Primärspule angeordnet, während in jedem Treibladungskörper eine Sekundärspule vorhanden ist. Die Sekundärspule ist an den Zündmittelwiderstand eines in jedem Treibladungskörper integrierten elektrischen Anzündmittels angeschlossen, durch das die Anzündung der Treibladung eingeleitet wird. Das von der Primärspule erzeugte sich zeitlich ändernde Magnetfeld durchsetzt den Ladungsraum und induziert in den Sekundärspulen der Treibladungskörper einen Strom, so daß die elektrischen Anzündmittel sämtlicher Treibladungskörper gleichzeitig aktiviert werden und alle Treibladungen auf einmal bzw. simultan zünden. Aufgrund der Simultanzündung der Treibladungskörper können schnelle Schußfolgen erzielt werden.In the device for firing ammunition according to the invention, the ignition of the individual propellant bodies located in the combustion chamber takes place inductively. A stationary primary coil, which generates an ignition signal with a high field strength, is arranged on the combustion chamber, while a secondary coil is present in each propellant charge body. The secondary coil is connected to the ignition means resistance of an electrical ignition means integrated in each propellant charge body, through which the ignition of the propellant charge is initiated. The time-changing magnetic field generated by the primary coil penetrates the charge space and induces a current in the secondary coils of the propellant charge bodies, so that the electrical igniters of all propellant charge bodies are activated simultaneously and all propellant charges ignite at once or simultaneously. Due to the simultaneous ignition of the propellant bodies, rapid firing sequences can be achieved.

Eine zeitliche Änderung des Magnetfeldes kann vorteilhaft dadurch erzeugt werden, daß ein aufgeladener Kondensator - der Zündkondensator - über die Primärspule entladen wird. Die im Kondensator gespeicherte Energie wird auf die Primärspule übertragen. Es entsteht ein Magnetfeld, das den Verlauf einer erzwungenen gedämpften periodischen Schwingung zeigt, wobei das Dämpfungsdekrement und die zeitliche Änderung im wesentlichen durch die Kapazität des Kondensators, die Induktivität der Primärspule sowie den ohmschen Verlustanteil bestimmt werden.A change in the magnetic field over time can advantageously be generated in that a charged capacitor - the ignition capacitor - is discharged via the primary coil. The energy stored in the capacitor is transferred to the primary coil. A magnetic field is created which shows the course of a forced damped periodic oscillation, the damping decrement and the change over time being essentially determined by the capacitance of the capacitor, the inductance of the primary coil and the ohmic loss component.

Ferner kann der Verschluß sehr einfach aufgebaut werden. Da die Primärspule nicht im Verschluß integriert ist, sondern an dem Verbrennungsraum vorgesehen ist, erübrigt sich die Anbringung eines Durchbruchs in dem Verschluß zur Aufnahme eines geeigneten Anzündsystems. Der Verschluß oder wenigstens sein dem Verbrennungsraum zugewandter Teil kann aus einem massiven nicht magnetischen Werkstoff, wie z.B. Edelstahl X 5 MnCr 18 13 oder X 50 CrMnNiN 22 9 gemäß DIN 17440, hergestellt werden und hat folglich eine hohe Festigkeit gegen die hohen Belastungen beim Abschuß der Munition. Anstelle der vorgenannten Stahlsorten kann z.B. auch Keramik als fester nicht magnetischer Werkstoff verwendet werden. Die Primärspule ist zur Zündung unterschiedlicher Ladungstypen geeignet. Eine aufwendige Lagerhaltung für mehrere speziell auf die geometrischen Abmessungen der einzelnen Treibladungskörper abzustimmende Treibladungsanzünder entfällt. Sekundärspule und elektrisches Anzündmittel sind in jedem Treibladungskörper integriert.Furthermore, the closure can be constructed very easily. Since the primary coil is not integrated in the breech but is provided on the combustion chamber, there is no need to make an opening in the breech to accommodate a suitable ignition system. The closure or at least its part facing the combustion chamber can be made of a solid non-magnetic material, e.g. Stainless steel X 5 MnCr 18 13 or X 50 CrMnNiN 22 9 according to DIN 17440, can be produced and therefore has a high strength against the high loads when the ammunition is fired. Instead of the aforementioned types of steel, e.g. ceramics can also be used as a solid, non-magnetic material. The primary coil is suitable for igniting different charge types. There is no need for costly storage for several propellant lighters that have to be matched to the geometrical dimensions of the individual propellant bodies. Secondary coil and electrical igniter are integrated in each propellant body.

Die Primärspule hat vorteilhafterweise eine solche Länge, daß ihr Wirkungsbereich sich über den gesamten Verbrennungsraum erstreckt. Wenn über die Primärspule ein Zündsignal erzeugt wird, wird der Verbrennungsraum von dem durch die Primärspule erzeugten Magnetfeld vollständig durchsetzt, so daß eine Einkopplung der Energie von der Primärspule auf die Sekundärspulen der Treibladungskörper über den gesamten Verbrennungsraum gegeben ist. Der Verbrennungsraum kann je nach der geforderten Reichweite mit einer bestimmten Anzahl von Treibladungskörpern bestückt werden. Unabhängig von der Position der Treibladungskörper im Verbrennungsraum ist immer eine sichere Zündung jedes einzelnen Treibladungskörpers gewährleistet.The primary coil advantageously has a length such that its range of action extends over the entire Combustion chamber extends. If an ignition signal is generated via the primary coil, the combustion chamber is completely penetrated by the magnetic field generated by the primary coil, so that there is a coupling of the energy from the primary coil to the secondary coils of the propellant charge bodies over the entire combustion chamber. Depending on the required range, the combustion chamber can be equipped with a certain number of propellant bodies. Regardless of the position of the propellant body in the combustion chamber, a safe ignition of each individual propellant body is always guaranteed.

Zweckmäßigerweise umschließt die Primärspule den Verbrennungsraum. Die Primärspule kann beispielsweise eine den Verbrennungsraum vollständig umschließende Zylinderspule mit schraubenlinienförmigen Windungen sein, so daß der Verbrennungsraum im Innern der Spule von einem annähernd homogenen Magnetfeld durchsetzt wird.The primary coil expediently surrounds the combustion chamber. The primary coil can be, for example, a cylindrical coil with helical windings completely surrounding the combustion chamber, so that the combustion chamber inside the coil is penetrated by an approximately homogeneous magnetic field.

Die Sekundärspule kann im Zentrum jedes Treibladungskörpers angeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Sekundärspule zusammen mit dem Widerstand des elektrischen Anzündmittels in einem rohrförmigen Zylinderkörper angeordnet, der sich in einer zentralen Ausnehmung des Treibladungskörpers befindet. Der Zylinderkörper wird von der Treibladung umschlossen, die dann zentral angefeuert wird.The secondary coil can be arranged in the center of each propellant body. The secondary coil is preferably arranged together with the resistance of the electrical ignition means in a tubular cylinder body which is located in a central recess in the propellant charge body. The cylinder body is enclosed by the propellant charge, which is then fired up centrally.

Vorzugsweise besteht der Zylinderkörper aus einem verbrennbaren Material, so daß nach der Verbrennung der Treibladung keine nennenswerten Rückstände zurückbleiben.The cylinder body is preferably made of a combustible material, so that no significant residues remain after the propellant has been burned.

Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert.In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Schnitt durch die Vorrichtung zum Verschießen von Munition in schematischer Darstellung und
  • Fig. 2 einen Treibladungskörper in teilweise geschnittener Darstellung, in dessen Zentrum eine Sekundärspule zusammen mit einem Zündmittelwiderstand und einem Zündmittel angeordnet sind.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows a section through the device for firing ammunition in a schematic representation and
  • Fig. 2 shows a propellant charge in a partially sectioned view, in the center of which a secondary coil is arranged together with an ignition means resistor and an ignition means.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Vorrichtung zum Verschießen von Munition in schematischer Darstellung. Die Vorrichtung besteht aus einem massiven Basiskörper 1, der einen zylindrischen Verbrennungsraum 3 enthält. An seinem rückwärtigen Ende ist der Verbrennungsraum von einem schraubbaren massiven Verschluß 5 verschlossen, der in der Ansicht gezeigt ist. Der dem Verbrennungsraum 3 zugewandte Teil 5′ des Verschlusses 5 ist aus massivem nicht magnetischem Werkstoff, wie er z.B. vorstehend genannt ist, hergestellt, während der hintere Teil 5˝ ebenso wie der Basiskörper 1 und die anderen mit diesem verbundenen Teile aus normalem Waffenstahl hergestellt sind. Der Verbrennungsraum 3 geht in den Lauf 7 des Geschoßrohres 9 über, das sich an das vordere Ende des Basiskörpers 1 anschließt. Der Verbrennungsraum 3 enthält hier insgesamt sechs modular aufgebaute zylindrische Treibladungskörper 11, die axial zueinander ausgerichtet in dem Verbrennungsraum 3 hintereinander angeordnet sind. Die Treibladungskörper 11 sind gleichfalls in der Ansicht gezeigt und mit einem zentralen axialen Kanal 36 versehen, der durch gestrichelte Linien angedeutet ist. Die Treibladungskörper 11 sind je für sich von einem verbrennbaren Gehäuse eingeschlossen, das zur Vereinfachung der zeichnerischen Darstellung nicht gezeigt ist. Die verbrennbaren Gehäuse sind so ausgebildet, daß sie in an sich bekannter Weise durch eine Steckverbindung - wie sie z.B. in der DE-U-70 00 615 beschrieben ist - entsprechend den angedeuteten Linien 12 miteinander verbunden werden können. Je nach der geforderten Reichweite des Geschosses 13 kann der Verbrennungsraum 3 mit einer anderen Anzahl von Treibladungskörpern 11 bestückt werden. Er ist hier derart dimensioniert, daß er, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt ist, maximal sechs Treibladungskörper 11 aufnehmen kann. Die Zündung der in den einzelnen Treibladungskörpern 11 enthaltenen Ladungen erfolgt induktiv.Fig. 1 shows a section through the device for firing ammunition in a schematic representation. The device consists of a solid base body 1, which contains a cylindrical combustion chamber 3. At its rear end, the combustion chamber is closed by a screwable solid closure 5, which is shown in the view. The combustion chamber 3 facing part 5 'of the breech 5 is made of solid non-magnetic material, as mentioned above, for example, while the rear part 5' as well as the base body 1 and the other parts connected therewith are made of normal weapon steel . The combustion chamber 3 merges into the barrel 7 of the projectile tube 9, which connects to the front end of the base body 1. The combustion chamber 3 here contains a total of six modularly designed cylindrical propellant charge bodies 11, which are arranged one behind the other in the combustion chamber 3 in an axially aligned manner. The propellant charge body 11 are also shown in the view and are provided with a central axial channel 36, which is indicated by dashed lines. The propellant charge bodies 11 are each enclosed by a combustible housing, which is not shown to simplify the drawing. The combustible housings are designed such that they can be connected to one another in a manner known per se by means of a plug connection - as described, for example, in DE-U-70 00 615 - in accordance with the indicated lines 12. Depending on the required range of the projectile 13, the combustion chamber 3 can be equipped with a different number of propellant charge bodies 11. It is dimensioned here in such a way that, as shown in FIG. 1, it can accommodate a maximum of six propellant charge bodies 11. The charges contained in the individual propellant charge bodies 11 are ignited inductively.

Zur Einkopplung der elektrischen Zündenergie wird der zylindrische Verbrennungsraum 3 von einem rohrförmigen Spulenkörper 15 vollständig umgeben. Der Spulenkörper 15 nimmt die Wicklungen einer Primärspule 17 - von denen hier für jeden Treibladungskörper 11 entsprechend der gestrichelten Linie nur eine Wicklung gezeigt ist - auf, die sich über die gesamte Länge des Verbrennungsraums erstreckt. Er besteht aus einem nicht magnetischen Material, in dem die schraubenförmigen Wicklungen der Spule 17 in schraubenlinienförmigen Nuten auf der äußeren Mantelfläche des Spulenkörpers 15 eingebettet sind. Die Wicklungen sind dabei sehr nahe am Verbrennungsraum 3 angeordnet. Die elektrischen Anschlußleitungen 19 der Primärspule 17 sind aus dem Basiskörper 1 herausgeführt. An die Anschlußleitungen 19 wird ein Zündsignal einer in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellten Zündeinrichtung gelegt.To couple in the electrical ignition energy, the cylindrical combustion chamber 3 is completely surrounded by a tubular coil body 15. The coil former 15 receives the windings of a primary coil 17 - of which only one winding is shown here for each propellant charge body 11 according to the dashed line - which extends over the entire length of the combustion chamber. It consists of a non-magnetic material in which the helical windings of the coil 17 are embedded in helical grooves on the outer circumferential surface of the coil body 15. The windings are arranged very close to the combustion chamber 3. The electrical connecting lines 19 of the primary coil 17 are led out of the base body 1. To the connecting lines 19 an ignition signal of an ignition device, not shown in FIG. 1, is applied.

Der Spulenkörper 15 ist seinerseits von einem weiteren hülsenförmigen Körper 16 umgeben, der an der äußeren Mantelfläche des Spulenkörpers 15 dicht anliegt und gleichfalls aus nicht magnetischem Material, wie vorstehend bereits genannt, hergestellt ist. Der Körper 16 dient zum Schutz der Primärspule 17 und der teilweisen Abschirmung des in dieser erzeugten Magnetfeldes. Der Spulenkörper 15 und die ihn umgebende rohrförmige Hülse 16 werden gemeinsam in eine korrespondierende Ausnehmung 18 des Basiskörpers 1 mit Preßsitz eingesetzt und können sozusagen als Komponenten des Basiskörpers 1 betrachtet werden im Gegensatz zu den Treibladungskörpern 11 und dem Geschoß 13, welche nach jedem Schuß erneut geladen werden müssen. Der Spulenkörper 15 enthält die Treibladungskörper 11, d.h. der Durchmesser der Verbrennungskammer 3 ist bestimmt durch den inneren Durchmesser des Spulenkörpers 15.The coil body 15 is in turn surrounded by a further sleeve-shaped body 16 which lies tightly against the outer lateral surface of the coil body 15 and is likewise made of non-magnetic material, as already mentioned above. The body 16 serves to protect the primary coil 17 and partially shield the magnetic field generated therein. The bobbin 15 and the tubular sleeve 16 surrounding it are inserted together into a corresponding recess 18 of the base body 1 with a press fit and can be seen, so to speak, as components of the base body 1, in contrast to the propellant charge bodies 11 and the projectile 13, which are reloaded after each shot Need to become. The coil former 15 contains the propellant charge bodies 11, i.e. the diameter of the combustion chamber 3 is determined by the inner diameter of the coil former 15.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen der in dem Verbrennungsraum 3 befindlichen modularen Treibladungskörper 11 in teilweise geschnittener Darstellung, wobei auch hier wieder die äußere verbrennbare Hülse für die Treibladungskörper 11 fortgelassen ist. Der Treibladungskörper 11 ist als zylindrischer Formkörper ausgebildet, der die eigentliche Treibladung 21 und einen Zündkörper 23 zum Zünden der Treibladung enthält. Die Treibladung 21 besteht aus Treibladungskörnern 25, die in einer Kunststoffmatrix 27 eingebettet sind. Die Kunststoffmatrix 27 bewirkt eine gegenseitige Fixierung der Treibladungskörner 25, so daß der Treibladungskörper 11 einen kompakten Körper bildet. Der zylindrische Zündkörper 23 ist in einer längslaufenden zylindrischen Ausnehmung 29 im Zentrum des Treibladungskörpers 11 angeordnet.FIG. 2 shows one of the modular propellant charge bodies 11 located in the combustion chamber 3 in a partially sectioned illustration, the outer combustible sleeve for the propellant charge bodies 11 being omitted here as well. The propellant charge body 11 is designed as a cylindrical molded body which contains the actual propellant charge 21 and an ignition body 23 for igniting the propellant charge. The propellant charge 21 consists of propellant charge grains 25 which are embedded in a plastic matrix 27. The plastic matrix 27 causes the propellant grains 25 to be mutually fixed, so that the propellant body 11 forms a compact body. The cylindrical igniter 23 is in one longitudinal cylindrical recess 29 arranged in the center of the propellant body 11.

Der Zündkörper 23 besteht aus einem verbrennbaren Material und nimmt eine Sekundärspule 31 auf, die mit dem Zündmittelwiderstand 33 des Anzündmittels 35 z.B. in Form eines Heizdrahtes parallelgeschaltet ist. Der Heizdraht ist mit einer leicht entzündlichen pyrotechnischen Masse beschichtet und wird von einem in dem Zündkörper 23 enthaltenen Zündmittel 35 umgeben. Das Zündmittel 35 kann z.B. aus weichmacherhaltiger Nitrocellulose bestehen, die unter Druckanwendung in einem Formwerkzeug zu dem hülsenförmigen Körper 23 verformt ist, in dem anschließend in bekannter Weise die jeweils geforderte Porösität erzeugt wird. Anstelle solcher poröser Nitrocellulose kann für das Zündmittel 35 aber z.B. auch nitrocellulosehaltiges Papier verwendet werden, aus dem durch Wickeln der hülsenförmige Zündkörper 23 erzeugt wird. Der Wickelvorgang wird an geeigneter Stelle jeweils unterbrochen, um den Zündmittelwiderstand 33 und die Sekundärspule 31 mit einzuwickeln. Der hülsenförmige Zündkörper 23 weist einen zentralen Längskanal 36 auf. Die schraubenförmigen Wicklungen der Sekundärspule 31 und der Heizdraht mit dem Anzündmittel 35 sind in dem ringförmigen Zylinderkörper 23 integriert.The ignition body 23 consists of a combustible material and accommodates a secondary coil 31, which is connected to the ignition agent resistor 33 of the ignition agent 35 e.g. is connected in parallel in the form of a heating wire. The heating wire is coated with a highly inflammable pyrotechnic mass and is surrounded by an ignition means 35 contained in the ignition body 23. The ignition means 35 can e.g. consist of plasticized nitrocellulose, which is deformed under pressure in a mold to form the sleeve-shaped body 23, in which the required porosity is subsequently produced in a known manner. Instead of such porous nitrocellulose, e.g. nitrocellulose-containing paper can also be used, from which the sleeve-shaped ignition body 23 is produced by winding. The winding process is interrupted at a suitable point in order to also wrap the ignition agent resistor 33 and the secondary coil 31. The sleeve-shaped ignition body 23 has a central longitudinal channel 36. The helical windings of the secondary coil 31 and the heating wire with the ignition means 35 are integrated in the annular cylinder body 23.

Zum Zünden der in dem Verbrennungsraum 3 befindlichen Treibladungskörper 11 wird an die Primärspule 17 ein geeignetes Zündsignal gelegt. Das sich zeitlich ändernde magnetische Feld der Primärspule 17 durchsetzt den zylindrischen Verbrennungsraum 3 vollständig. Im Zündmittelwiderstand 33 des Anzündmittels 35 wird über die angeschlossene Sekundärspule 31 jedes Treibladungskörpers 11 folglich ein Strom induziert. Der mit der pyrotechnischen Masse beschichtete Zündmittelwiderstand 33 des Treibladungskörpers 11 beginnt sich daraufhin zu erwärmen und initiiert das Zündmittel 35 des Zündkörpers 23, der wiederum die eigentliche Treibladung 21 des Treibladungskörpers 11 zentral anfeuert. Die gleichzeitige Einkopplung der Zündenergie von der Primärspule 17 auf die Sekundärspulen 31 der einzelnen Treibladungskörper 11 ist über den gesamten Verbrennungsraum gegeben, so daß alle Treibladungskörper 11 gleichzeitig zünden. Aufgrund der Simultanzündung können schnelle Schußfolgen erzielt werden. Da die Primärspule 17 zur induktiven Zündung der Treibladungskörper 11 an dem Verbrennungsraum 3 angeordnet ist und eine externe Anzündung durch ein in dem Verschluß integriertes Zündsystem entfällt, vereinfacht sich die konstruktive Gestaltung des Verschlusses. Weiterhin wird die Funktionszuverlässigkeit erhöht, da eine missionsgerechte Anzündung der Treibladung auch dann noch erfolgt, wenn z.B. in einem Treibladungskörper 11 in einem Ausnahmefall die Anzündung durch den Zündkörper 23 ausfallen sollte.A suitable ignition signal is applied to the primary coil 17 for igniting the propellant charge bodies 11 located in the combustion chamber 3. The temporally changing magnetic field of the primary coil 17 penetrates the cylindrical combustion chamber 3 completely. In the ignition device resistor 33 of the ignition device 35, each propellant body is connected via the connected secondary coil 31 11 consequently induces a current. The ignition agent resistor 33 of the propellant charge body 11 coated with the pyrotechnic mass then begins to heat up and initiates the ignition means 35 of the igniter body 23, which in turn fires up the actual propellant charge 21 of the propellant charge body 11 centrally. The simultaneous coupling of the ignition energy from the primary coil 17 to the secondary coils 31 of the individual propellant charge bodies 11 is provided over the entire combustion chamber, so that all propellant charge bodies 11 ignite simultaneously. Due to the simultaneous firing, quick sequences of shots can be achieved. Since the primary coil 17 for the inductive ignition of the propellant charge body 11 is arranged on the combustion chamber 3 and there is no need for external ignition by an ignition system integrated in the closure, the structural design of the closure is simplified. Furthermore, the functional reliability is increased, since the propellant charge is ignited in accordance with the mission even if, for example, the igniter 23 should fail in a propellant charge body 11 in an exceptional case.

Claims (7)

Vorrichtung zum Verschießen von Munition, mit einem Verbrennungsraum (3), der mehrere eine Treibladung (21) und ein Zündmittel (35) zum Zünden der Treibladung (21) enthaltende Treibladungskörper (11) aufnimmt,
dadurch gekenzeichneit,
daß an dem Verbrennungsraum (3) eine ortsfeste ein Zündsignal empfangende Primärspule (17) vorgesehen ist und daß in jedem Treibladungskörper (11) eine Sekundärspule (31) angeordnet ist, die an den das Zündmittel (35) initiierenden Zündmittelwiderstand (33) angeschlossen ist.
Device for firing ammunition, having a combustion chamber (3) which receives a plurality of propellant bodies (11) containing a propellant charge (21) and an ignition means (35) for igniting the propellant charge (21),
characterized by
that a stationary primary coil (17) receiving an ignition signal is provided on the combustion chamber (3) and that a secondary coil (31) is arranged in each propellant charge body (11) and is connected to the ignition medium resistor (33) initiating the ignition medium (35).
Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Primärspule (17) eine solche Länge hat, daß ihr Wirkungsbereich sich über die gesamte Länge des Verbrennungsraums (3) erstreckt.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary coil (17) is of such a length that its effective range extends over the entire length of the combustion chamber (3). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Primärspule (17) den Verbrennungsraum umschließt.Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the primary coil (17) surrounds the combustion chamber. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sekundärspule (31) im Zentrum jedes Treibladungskörpers (11) angeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the secondary coil (31) is arranged in the center of each propellant charge body (11). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein die Sekundärspule (31) zusammen mit dem Zündmittelwiderstand (33) und dem Anzündmittel (35) aufnehmender Zündkörper (23) vorgesehen ist, der in einer Ausnehmung (29) des Treibladungskörpers (11) angeordnet ist.Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an ignition body (23) which receives the secondary coil (31) together with the ignition means resistor (33) and the ignition means (35) is provided and which is in a recess (29) in the propellant charge body ( 11) is arranged. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zündkörper (23) aus einem verbrennbaren Material besteht.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the ignition body (23) consists of a combustible material. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Verbrennungsraum (3) und Treibladungskörper (11) zylinderförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the combustion chamber (3) and propellant charge body (11) have a cylindrical cross section.
EP92710018A 1991-06-29 1992-06-24 Device for launching ammunition Expired - Lifetime EP0526389B1 (en)

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DE4121590 1991-06-29
DE4121590 1991-06-29

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US5227577A (en) 1993-07-13
JPH05203399A (en) 1993-08-10
CA2072449C (en) 2003-04-08
EP0526389B1 (en) 1997-01-29
CA2072449A1 (en) 1992-12-30
JP3142641B2 (en) 2001-03-07
DE59207978D1 (en) 1997-03-13

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