EP0516215B1 - Verfahren zum Sammeln von Verkehrsinformation sowie Einrichtung zum Ausführen dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Sammeln von Verkehrsinformation sowie Einrichtung zum Ausführen dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0516215B1
EP0516215B1 EP92201420A EP92201420A EP0516215B1 EP 0516215 B1 EP0516215 B1 EP 0516215B1 EP 92201420 A EP92201420 A EP 92201420A EP 92201420 A EP92201420 A EP 92201420A EP 0516215 B1 EP0516215 B1 EP 0516215B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
intersection
vehicle
vehicles
traffic
travelled
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP92201420A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0516215A1 (de
Inventor
Frans Zijderhand
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority to EP92201420A priority Critical patent/EP0516215B1/de
Publication of EP0516215A1 publication Critical patent/EP0516215A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
    • G08G1/096805—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route
    • G08G1/096827—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route where the route is computed onboard
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
    • G08G1/096855—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver
    • G08G1/096872—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver where instructions are given per voice

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for collecting traffic information by from vehicles anonymously receiving measured values that represent location and movement of the relevant vehicle, relative to virtual reference positions in a road network.
  • Ian Catling and Bob McQueen in Road Transport Informatics in Europe, Major Programs and Demonstrations, IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Tech., 40 , (February 1991), pp. 132-140 describe a system according to the preamble.
  • the known system uses an extensive infrastructure with transmitting roadside beacons.
  • a method in according with the invention is characterized in that per vehicle the transmitted values, for each applicable road intersection passed, contain indications in respect of a route branch travelled by the vehicle so as to reach the intersection as well as indications in respect of a route branch travelled beyond the intersection, which indications are transmitted in a cellular radio communication system via the communication mechanism of an actual cell, and are assembled on the basis of particular network sections, rather than on the basis of particular vehicles.
  • a cellular radio communication system for example as introduced in Europe in 1991, offers an extensive mobile and portable communication network enabling vehicles or other users to transmit and receive digitized data via a radio link. The use of radio channels in this system and the definition of the data relative to virtual reference positions renders the network of guidance beacons superfluous.
  • the indications identify a route branch travelled by the vehicle so as to reach the intersection as well as a route branch travelled by the vehicle beyond the intersection, these measured values can be used to determine the so-called Origin-Destination (O-D) matrix for each intersection, and hence the O-D matrix of an entire area, without infringing upon the privacy of the user.
  • O-D Origin-Destination
  • For a given set of origins and destinations such an O-D matrix provides the frequencies at which vehicles depart from a given origin to a given destination. This enables authorities not only to improve the traffic infrastructure (for example by readjustment of traffic lights), but also to generate short-term traffic guidance recommendations to stimulate the flow of traffic.
  • the data necessary for determining O-D matrices is customarily collected by means of video cameras monitoring the traffic flows at each intersection. This is a cumbersome and expensive approach, notably when the measurements are often repeated in order to update the data.
  • the measured values transmitted in the cited Ali-Scout traffic guidance system are not suitable for calculating O-D matrices.
  • An obvious solution to this problem would be the additional transmission by the vehicles of their destination; however, this has a major drawback in that the privacy of the users is then seriously affected.
  • the method in accordance with the invention offers sufficient data for the determination of the O-D matrices, it nevertheless being impossible to trace individual users even in the case of low traffic densities. It is to be noted that this preferred version of the method can in principle also be used without a cellular radio communication system; however, in that case facilities must be provided at each intersection for the transmission of the data which is, of course a drawback.
  • Fig. 1 shows a number of cells of a radio communication system. In this case they have a circular shape with adequate overlap for full coverage of a region. Other cell shapes, of course, are also feasible.
  • a cell of this kind corresponds to a geographic sub-region of a larger geographic region.
  • a transmitter/receiver station S Within the cell there is situated a transmitter/receiver station S whereto vehicles within the relevant cell can transmit data via a radio link.
  • Each cell has its own radio frequency or radio channel and the range of the transmitter/receiver station is decisive as regards the dimensions of the relevant cell.
  • the vehicles comprise a number of sensors (for example, magnetic sensors for direction finding and wheel sensors for determining the distance travelled) which, on the basis of their measurements, enable accurate determination of the location and the direction of movement of the vehicle by a navigation device (for example, the CARIN system) aboard the vehicle.
  • the navigation device has available a digitized map of the area (for example, on CD-ROM) which contains all roads, composed of route segments, of the relevant region.
  • the term "intersection” or "junction” is to be understood to mean: any point of the road network where a vehicle can make a choice as regards continuation of its travel ( i.e. three-forked roads, intersections, roundabouts and the like).
  • Each segment of the road network between two intersections will be referred to hereinafter as a "route segment".
  • a vehicle can determine at any instant its position on the map, i.e. which route segment is being followed at that instant.
  • the digitized map forms a reference framework concisting of virtual reference positions.
  • the measured values transmitted to the transmitter/receiver station S of a cell by a vehicle are defined in relation to these reference positions (for example, representations on the map of intersections or fuel stations along a highway); for example, a transmitted travelling time relates to the complete route completed between two given intersections. Therefore, the reference positions need not be represented by physical units such as beacons.
  • the transmitter/receiver station S of each cell communicates with a central computer which collects and analyses the transmitted measured values. On the basis of the analysis of the traffic situation by the central computer, it can generate traffic guidance recommendations for transmission to the vehicles. The drivers of the vehicles can thus be informed about congestions caused by accidents, back-ups and the like. The flow of traffic is
  • Fig. 2 shows an intersection of roads.
  • the traffic arrives from the directions or route segments numbered from 1 to 4.
  • each vehicle has the choice from three route segments for continuing its travel. Therefore, there are 12 traffic flows which are represented by arrows in the Figure.
  • the following information is transmitted to the transmitter/receiver station S by each vehicle: an indication of the route segment followed by the vehicle so as to reach the relevant intersection and an indication of the route segment followed by the vehicle beyond the intersection.
  • a vehicle coming from the route segment via and continuing on the route segment 4 will transmit, after the right-hand turn at the intersection, the combination of the route segment 1 followed by the route segment 4 to the transmitter/receiver station S.
  • the indications of the route segments followed can be saved for a plurality of intersections until transmission of the data thus saved is possible. In such a case traffic will be rather busy, so that the privacy of the relevant user will not be affected, despite the transmission of the route indications relating to successive intersections.
  • Fig. 3 shows an Origin-Destination matrix associated with the intersection of Fig. 2.
  • the 12 traffic flows of the intersection have been counted during a given time interval.
  • Such an O-D matrix can also be translated (by simple normalization) into a percentual O-D matrix; the sum of the values of each row of the matrix is then 100.
  • the sum of the values of each row represents the inflow via the relevant route segment and the sum of the values of each column represents the butflow via the relevant route segment.
  • the authorities can optimize, for example the setting of traffic lights at the intersection. It is also possible to combine O-D matrices of neighbouring intersections, provided of course that they relate to the same time interval. Thus, for a given region an O-D matrix can also be determined from the O-D matrices of the constituent intersections of the relevant region.
  • the authorities can supply the users with traffic guidance recommendations via the cellular radio communication system.
  • a major advantage of the collection of the traffic information in accordance with the invention consists in that the determination of the O-D matrices (or other measurements) can be simply repeated and hence continuously updated. The central computer can thus generate recommendations which fully correspond to the current traffic situation.
  • the known step of making each vehicle transmit also its travelling time for its last route segment travelled thus also has a synergetic effect: in combination with the derived O-D matrices, even more accurate traffic guidance is possible.
  • Another major advantage of the method in accordance with the invention consists in that the users need not make their final destination known. As a result of the transmission of the relevant route segments per intersection, the data required can be virtually anonymously collected. This is because it is impossible to track a given vehicle along its route through the cell, even in the case of low traffic density. The privacy of the drivers is thus ensured.
  • Fig. 4 shows a device in accordance with the invention.
  • Vehicle A comprises sensors SEN (for example, magnetic sensors for direction finding and wheel sensors for determining the distance travelled), a navigation device NAV with a digitized map of the geographic region which contains virtual reference positions, a radio unit R for transmitting and receiving data in a cellular radio communication system, and a microprocessor ⁇ P.
  • the microprocessor is programmed to apply the measured values from the sensors to the navigation device which utilizes this data for accurate determination of the location and the direction of movement of the vehicle relative to virtual reference positions on the map.
  • the microprocessor is also programmed to transmit measured values, such as indications of the route segment travelled to a passed intersection and of the route segment travelled beyond the intersection, via the radio unit R, to the transmitter/receiver station S which communicates with the central computer CC.
  • the transmitter/receiver station S and the radio unit R form part of a cellular radio communication system, for example GSM.
  • the central computer CC receives measured values from a number of vehicles via several transmitter/receiver stations and processes this information so as to form, for example traffic guidance recommendations which can be transmitted to the vehicles via the transmitter/receiver stations.
  • the microprocessor ⁇ P in the vehicles applies this data to the navigation device which applies it to the driver of the vehicle. This can be realised in a visual manner, via a display screen, or audibly by means of a speech synthesizer.

Claims (2)

  1. Verfahren zum Zusammentragen von Verkehrsdaten durch anonymes Empfangen, aus Fahrzeugen, von Meßwerten, die Ort und Bewegung des betreffenden Fahrzeuges relativ zu virtuellen Bezugspositionen in einem Straßennetz darstellen,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die übertragenen Werte für jede zutreffende durchfahrene Straßenkreuzung pro Fahrzeug Angaben enthalten bezüglich der Identität eines vom Fahrzeug zum Erreichen der Kreuzung durchfahrenen Routenzweiges sowie Angaben bezüglich der Identität eines über die Kreuzung hinaus durchfahrenen Routenzweiges, welche Angaben in einem zellulären Funkverkehrssystem über den Kommunikationsmechanismus einer tatsächlichen Zelle übertragen werden und eher auf Basis einzelner Netzabschnitte statt auf Basis einzelner Fahrzeuge zusammengetragen werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die übertragenen Werte auch die Fahrtdauer für einen zuletzt durchfahrenen Routenzweig umfassen.
EP92201420A 1991-05-27 1992-05-19 Verfahren zum Sammeln von Verkehrsinformation sowie Einrichtung zum Ausführen dieses Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0516215B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92201420A EP0516215B1 (de) 1991-05-27 1992-05-19 Verfahren zum Sammeln von Verkehrsinformation sowie Einrichtung zum Ausführen dieses Verfahrens

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91201253 1991-05-27
EP91201253 1991-05-27
EP91203035 1991-11-21
EP91203035 1991-11-21
EP92201420A EP0516215B1 (de) 1991-05-27 1992-05-19 Verfahren zum Sammeln von Verkehrsinformation sowie Einrichtung zum Ausführen dieses Verfahrens

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EP0516215A1 EP0516215A1 (de) 1992-12-02
EP0516215B1 true EP0516215B1 (de) 1997-10-01

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102097004A (zh) * 2011-01-31 2011-06-15 上海美慧软件有限公司 一种基于手机定位数据的出行od矩阵获取方法
CN105654722A (zh) * 2016-01-22 2016-06-08 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 基于速度的道路规划方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5493461A (en) * 1994-11-14 1996-02-20 Combyte, Inc. Storage media lockout device for a computer mass storage media drive
EP0715290A1 (de) * 1994-11-28 1996-06-05 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und System zur Routenplanung
US5732383A (en) * 1995-09-14 1998-03-24 At&T Corp Traffic information estimation and reporting system
DE19626114A1 (de) * 1996-06-28 1998-01-02 Sel Alcatel Ag Verfahren, fahrzeugseitige und stationäre Einrichtung zur individuellen Warnung vor Verkehrsstörungen
DE19917154B4 (de) * 1999-04-16 2013-09-05 Deutsche Telekom Ag Verfahren zum Erkennen von Stausituationen auf Straßen und Fahrzeuggeräte mit einer Einheit zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
JP2002314477A (ja) * 2001-04-11 2002-10-25 Nec Corp 情報提供システム、その方法及びそれに用いる利用者端末並びにそのプログラム

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0292897B1 (de) * 1987-05-25 1994-04-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Bewertung der in Fahrzeugen mittels einer Leit-und Informationseinrichtung gemessenen Reisezeit in einem Leit- und Informationssystem
FR2642875B1 (fr) * 1989-02-03 1994-02-18 Urba 2000 Systeme de collecte et de diffusion d'informations pour automobilistes

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TRANSPORTATION ELECTRONICS October 1990, WARRENDALE,US pages 209 - 215; W.E. SUCHOWERSKYJ: 'Vehicle Navigation and *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102097004A (zh) * 2011-01-31 2011-06-15 上海美慧软件有限公司 一种基于手机定位数据的出行od矩阵获取方法
CN102097004B (zh) * 2011-01-31 2013-02-20 上海美慧软件有限公司 一种基于手机定位数据的出行od矩阵获取方法
CN105654722A (zh) * 2016-01-22 2016-06-08 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 基于速度的道路规划方法

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