EP0513822A2 - Fixierwalze - Google Patents

Fixierwalze Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0513822A2
EP0513822A2 EP92108248A EP92108248A EP0513822A2 EP 0513822 A2 EP0513822 A2 EP 0513822A2 EP 92108248 A EP92108248 A EP 92108248A EP 92108248 A EP92108248 A EP 92108248A EP 0513822 A2 EP0513822 A2 EP 0513822A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
heat resistant
fixing roll
resistant elastic
resin film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92108248A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0513822B1 (de
EP0513822A3 (en
Inventor
Noritomo Fukunaga
Michiyoshi Kurosawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kinyosha Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kinyosha Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kinyosha Co Ltd filed Critical Kinyosha Co Ltd
Publication of EP0513822A2 publication Critical patent/EP0513822A2/de
Publication of EP0513822A3 publication Critical patent/EP0513822A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0513822B1 publication Critical patent/EP0513822B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
    • G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
    • G03G15/2014—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat using contact heat
    • G03G15/2053—Structural details of heat elements, e.g. structure of roller or belt, eddy current, induction heating
    • G03G15/2057—Structural details of heat elements, e.g. structure of roller or belt, eddy current, induction heating relating to the chemical composition of the heat element and layers thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/20—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat
    • G03G15/2003—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat
    • G03G15/2014—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for fixing, e.g. by using heat using heat using contact heat
    • G03G15/206—Structural details or chemical composition of the pressure elements and layers thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement of a fixing roll for thermally fixing an unfixed picture image or the like in an electrophotographic reproducing machine or an electronic printer to a recording material such as a paper sheet.
  • Fig. 2 shows a fixing roll of a high durability, which is widely used in recent years in an electrophotographic reproducing machine.
  • the conventional fixing roll comprises a core metal 1, a heat resistant elastic layer 2 formed to cover the circumferential surface of the core metal 1, and a surface layer 3 consisting of PFA resin (tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer).
  • the surface layer 3 is formed in a thickness of tens of to hundreds of am.
  • the PFA resin forming the surface layer 3 exhibits an excellent release property and, thus, permits effectively suppressing the tonor off-set problem, i.e., the problem that the tonor is attached to the surface of the fixing roll in the thermal fixing step.
  • the PFA resin surface layer is thin, i.e., not thicker than hundreds of am.
  • a heat resistant rubber or a heat resistant sponge used for forming the heat resistant elastic layer 2 is soft. The small thickness of the PFA resin surface layer and the softness of the heat resistant elastic layer 2 are combined to permit a sufficient nipping width required for the thermal fixing, with the result that the fixing roll can be used satisfactorily over a long period of time.
  • the PFA resin is a high insulator having a volume resistivity of at least 10 16 ⁇ • cm and, thus, tends to be charged easily.
  • the PFA resin When used for forming the surface layer of a fixing roll, the PFA resin is frictionally charged up to scores of volts to scores of thousands of volts by the contact with a copying paper in the thermal fixing step or with another roll or belt. Because of the charging to a high voltage, tonor or paper dust is electrostatically attached to the fixing roll surface, with the result that the high release property of the PFA resin is impaired so as to bring about the tonor off-set problem noted above.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a fixing roll comprising a PFA resin surface film of a double layer structure consisting of an inner layer having a predetermined volume resistivity and thickness and an outer layer having a predetermined thickness such that the PFA resin permits ensuring a sufficient nipping width while retaining a high release property.
  • Another object is to provide a fixing roll which permits suppressing the electrostatic charging amount.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a fixing roll which permits preventing a tonor off-set problem from being brought about in a short time.
  • a fixing roll comprising a core metal, a heat resistant elastic layer formed to cover the outer circumferential surface of the core metal, and a surface layer covering the outer circumferential surface of the heat resistant elastic layer, the surface layer being formed of tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer resin film and consisting of an inner layer having a volume resistivity of 10 11 ⁇ • cm or less and an outer layer having a thickness of 3 to 50 am, and the thickness of the entire surface layer being 20 to 500 am.
  • the surface layer of the fixing roll is formed of a resin film of a double layer structure consisting of an inner layer having a volume resistivity of 10 11 ⁇ • cm or less and an outer layer having thickness of 3 to 50 am.
  • the resin film forming the surface layer is defined to have a thickness of 20 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the fixing roll of the present invention comprises a surface layer formed of a film of tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl copolymer resin (PFA resin).
  • PFA resin tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl copolymer resin
  • the PFA film is of a double layer structure consisting of an inner layer having a low resistivity, i.e., a volume resistivity of 10 11 ⁇ • cm or less and an outer layer covering the outer surface of the inner layer.
  • the inner layer is intended to suppress the electrostatic charging amount of the outer layer which provides the roll surface.
  • the outer layer of the PFA resin film is defined to have a thickness falling within a range of between 3 ⁇ m and 50 /.Lm.
  • the outer layer is thinner than 3 ⁇ m, the outer layer is worn away by the abrasion with a paper sheet in a short time, with the result that the inner layer, which is poor in its release property, is exposed to the outside so as to form the surface of the fixing roll. Naturally, the tonor off-set problem is brought about in thin case.
  • the outer layer is thicker than 50 ⁇ m, the electrostatic charging amount of the outer layer is significantly increased. In other words, the inner layer fails to prevent the outer layer from bearing an excessive electrostatic charge.
  • the thickness of the outer layer should fall within a range of between 7 ⁇ m and 15 ⁇ m in order to obtain sufficient effects of suppressing the changing voltage on the roll surface and of suppressing the tonor off-set problem.
  • the total thickness of the PFA resin film forming the surface layer of the fixing roll is defined to fall within a range of between 20 ⁇ m and 500 /.Lm. If the entire thickness of the PFA resin film is less than 20 ⁇ m, the PFA resin film is wrinkled by the change in temperature and by the repeated compressions during the use of the fixing roll, leading to a short life of the fixing roll. If the entire thickness of the PFA resin film is more than 500 ⁇ m, however, the surface of the fixing roll is rendered unduly hard, resulting in failure to ensure a sufficient nipping width required for the thermal fixing. Preferably, the entire thickness of the PFA resin film should fall within a range of between 20 ⁇ m and 130 /.Lm.
  • the PFA resin In the present invention, it is desirable to use PFA resin alone as much as possible for forming the outer layer of the PFA resin film because the PFA resin exhibits a high release property, which is required for the outer surface of the fixing roll.
  • the inner layer of the PFA resin film it is important for the inner layer of the PFA resin film to exhibit a low resistivity, i.e., a volume resistivity of 10 11 ⁇ • cm or less, in order to suppress the electrostatic charging on the roll surface, i.e., outer layer of the PFA resin film.
  • fillers for example, various kinds of carbon blacks, metal powder or metal-coated filters to the PFA resin used for forming the inner layer.
  • the volume resistivity of the inner layer of the PFA resin film should fall within a range of between 10 3 ⁇ • cm and 10 11 ⁇ • cm.
  • the fixing roll of the present invention comprises a heat resistant elastic layer positioned beneath the surface layer formed of the PFA resin film.
  • the heat resistant elastic layer can be formed of various heat resistant rubbers such as silicone rubber, fluorine rubber and ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, and various heat resistant sponges such as silicone rubber sponge and fluorine rubber sponge.
  • various additives to the heat resistant elastic layer including, for example, a highly heat conductive material such as A1 2 0 3 or SiC, a material such as carbon for imparting an electrical conductivity to the heat resistant elastic layer, an antistatic agent such as a surface active agent, a heat resistant additive, and a coloring agent.
  • the softness of the heat resistant elastic layer is not particularly restricted in the present invention as far as the heat resistant elastic layer is capable of withstanding the temperature at which the fixing roll is used and of ensuring a sufficient nipping width required for the thermal fixing.
  • the inner and outer layers of the PFA resin film may be simultaneously formed by using a biaxial extruder so as to form a tube of a two-layer structure, followed by covering the heat resistant elastic layer with the resultant tube.
  • the inner layer is formed first on the surface of the heat resistant elastic layer by means of a coating method, followed by forming the outer layer on the surface of the inner layer by means of a coating or dipping method.
  • the fixing roll of the present invention also comprises a core metal positioned inside the heat resistant elastic layer.
  • a compression molding method Specifically, the surface of the core metal is coated first with an adhesive, followed by winding an unvulcanized raw material layer about the core metal and subsequently vulcanizing or vulcanizing-foaming the raw material layer within a mold of a high temperature so as to form a desired heat resistant elastic layer.
  • an extrusion molding method In this case, an unvulcanized raw material is continuously extruded, followed by vulcanizing or vulcanizing-foaming the extrudate within a heating furnace of a high temperature so as to obtain a heat resistant elastic tube. Then, the resultant tube is mounted to cover a core metal coated with an adhesive so as to form a desired heat resistant elastic layer.
  • the present invention is not restricted by the methods of preparing the surface layer and the heat resistant elastic layer exemplified above.
  • a heat resistant elastic layer 11 about 5 mm thick is formed in direct contact with an adhesive layer (not shown) covering the circumferential surface of a core metal 12.
  • a surface layer 13 which consists of a film of tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA) resin, is formed surface of the heat resistant elastic layer 11.
  • the PFA resin film 13 is of a double layer structure consisting of an inner layer 13a and an outer layer 13b.
  • the outer layer 13b is formed of PFA resin alone, i.e., Teflon 450-J (trade name of a PFA resin manufactured by Mitsui-Du Pont Fluoro Chemical Co., Ltd.).
  • the PFA resin used for forming the outer layer 13b exhibits a volume resistivity of 10 16 ⁇ • cm or more. Also, the outer layer 13b has a thickness of 3 to 50 am.
  • the inner layer 13a is formed of a resin composition prepared by adding 18 parts by weight of Ketchenblack EC (trade name of a carbon black manufactured by Nippon E.C. Co., Ltd.) to 100 parts by weight of the PFA resin noted above. The inner layer 13a thus formed exhibits a volume resistivity of 2.0 x 10 7 ⁇ • cm or more.
  • a fixing roll constructed as shown in Fig. 1 was actually manufactured as follows.
  • a silicone rubber compound (silicon mixture) A was prepared by sufficiently mixing the starting materials given below:
  • the outer circumferential surface of a core metal 12 having a diameter of 10 mm was coated with an adhesive, followed by winding the silicon mixture A noted above about the adhesive- coated core metal such that the diameter of the resultant roll structure was about 22 mm.
  • a press vulcanization was applied to the silicon mixture A within a mold held at 150°C for 30 minutes, followed by taking the roll structure out of the mold.
  • an after-ageing treatment was applied to the vulcanized structure at 200 ° C for 4 hours, followed by cooling the roll structure to room temperature and subsequently applying a grinding treatment until the outer diameter of the roll was reduced to 19.9 mm so as to obtain a heat resistant elastic layer 11.
  • the thickness of the heat resistant elastic layer was found to be about 5 mm.
  • the hardness of the resultant roll surface was found to be 25 when measured by JIS A type hardness tester and 48 when measured by ASKER C type hardness tester.
  • a PFA resin film tube of a two-layer structure was prepared by means of extrusion using a biaxial tube extruder manufactured by Mitsuba Seisakusho Co., Ltd., the die head temperature of said biaxial tube extruder being set at about 370 ° C.
  • the PFA resin film was of a two-layer structure consisting of an outer layer 13b and an inner layer 13a.
  • Teflon 450-J (trade name of a PFA resin manufactured by Mitsui-Du Pont Fluoro Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used singly as a raw material of the outer layer 13b.
  • the raw material of the inner layer 13a was prepared by adding 18 parts by weight of Ketchenblack EC (trade name of carbon black manufactured by Nippon EC Co., Ltd.) to 100 parts by weight of Teflon 450-J noted above.
  • Seven kinds of PFA resin films differing from each other in the thickness of the inner layer 13a and/or the outer layer 13b were prepared in this extrusion molding by changing, for example, the diameter of the outlet parts of the die head, as shown in Table 1 given below:
  • the volume resistivity of the PFA resin film was measured by High Resistance Model 4329A manufactured by Yokogawa Hulet Packard Co., Ltd., with the result that the PFA resin film was found to exhibit a volume resistivity of 10 16 ⁇ • cm or more in the outer layer and 2.0 x 10 7 ⁇ • cm in the inner layer. Further, the inner diameter of the PFA resin film was set at about 19.5 mm in every sample.
  • the PFA resin film of the two-layer structure was fitted over a roll having a silicone rubber of 25 formed on the surface region as the heat resistant elastic layer 12 and coated with an adhesive agent of KE 45 (trade name of a one-part RTV silicone rubber manufactured by Shin-etsu Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
  • the resultant roll structure was left to stand for 48 hours so as to cure the adhesive agent, thereby preparing fixing roll samples for Examples 1 to 5 and Controls 1 and 2.
  • Each of the fixing roll samples was used as a fixing roll in a Family Copier FC-2 manufactured by Canon Co., Ltd. so as to carry out a copying test.
  • copying was made on 100,000 paper sheets satisfactorily. The copying test was finished after the copying on the 100,000th paper sheet.
  • the outer layer of the PFA resin film was as thin as only 2 ⁇ m. In this case, the paper jaming problem took place frequently when the number of the copied paper sheets reached about 32,000.
  • the outer layer of the PFA resin film was found to have been worn away in some portions. Deposition of tonor and paper dust was found about the portion where the outer layer had been worn away.
  • the hardness shown in Table 1 denotes the surface hardness of the fixing roll measured by an ASKER C type hardness meter.
  • the charging voltage (V) on the roll surface shown in Table 1 was measured by using a surface potentiometer model 340 HV manufactured by Tolec Japan Inc. Specifically, the charging voltage on the fixing roll surface was measured about 20 to 30 seconds after continuous copying operation for 100 paper sheets at the starting time of the copying test.
  • a PFA resin film of a single layer structure was prepared by an extrusion molding.
  • the PFA resin used exhibited a volume resistivity of 10 16 ⁇ • cm or more, which was equal to that of the PFA resin used for forming the outer layer of the PFA resin film in each of Examples 1 to 5. Further, the heat resistant elastic layer used in Control 3 was equal to that used in each of Examples 1 to 5.
  • a PFA resin film of a single layer structure was prepared by an extrusion molding.
  • the PFA resin exhibited a volume resistivity of 2.0 x 10 7 O. cm, which was equal to that of the PFA resin composition used for forming the inner layer of the PFA resin film in each of Examples 1 to 5.
  • a copying test was conducted by using the fixing roll prepared in each of Controls 3 and 4 as in Examples 1 to 5. Paper jaming caused by tonor off-set problem took place when the number of copied paper sheets reached 35,000 and 12,000 for the fixing rolls of Controls 3 and 4, respectively, so as to stop the copying test.
  • a fixing roll constructed as shown in Fig. 1 was manufactured.
  • a silicone rubber compound B (silicon mixture B) was prepared by sufficiently mixing the starting materials given below:
  • the silicon mixture B thus prepared was continuously extruded by using an extruder so as to form a tube. Then, the resultant tube was vulcanized and foamed within a heating furnace set at 250 °C for 10 minutes so as to obtain a silicone rubber sponge tube having an inner diameter of 9.5 mm and an outer diameter of 22 mm.
  • the sponge tube thus prepared was fitted over a core metal 11 having a diameter of 10 mm and having the circumferential outer surface coated with an adhesive layer. Further, the adhesive coating was cured, followed by applying a grinding treatment until the outer diameter of the resultant roll was reduced to 20 mm so as to form a heat resistant elastic layer 12 consisting of a silicone rubber sponge.
  • the hardness of the roll surface was found to be 32 when measured by an ASKER C type hardness tester.
  • a PFA resin film of a double layer structure shown in Table 2 was formed on the circumferential outer surface of the heat resistant elastic layer 12 as in Examples 1 to 5 so as to prepare a fixing roll for each of Examples 6 and 7.
  • a copying test using the fixing roll thus prepared was conducted as in Examples 1 to 5. No problem was found after the copying operation for obtaining 100,000 copied paper sheets. No abnormality was found on the surface of the fixing roll after the copying test.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
EP19920108248 1991-05-16 1992-05-15 Fixierwalze Expired - Lifetime EP0513822B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP111968/91 1991-05-16
JP11196891A JP2989930B2 (ja) 1991-05-16 1991-05-16 定着器用ロール

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0513822A2 true EP0513822A2 (de) 1992-11-19
EP0513822A3 EP0513822A3 (en) 1993-05-26
EP0513822B1 EP0513822B1 (de) 1996-09-18

Family

ID=14574655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920108248 Expired - Lifetime EP0513822B1 (de) 1991-05-16 1992-05-15 Fixierwalze

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0513822B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2989930B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69213816T2 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5547759A (en) * 1993-12-09 1996-08-20 Eastman Kodak Company Coated fuser members and methods of making coated fuser members
DE19618933C2 (de) * 1996-05-10 1998-10-29 Oce Printing Systems Gmbh Andruckwalze mit reduzierter Wärmedehnung
US5906881A (en) * 1996-10-15 1999-05-25 Eastman Kodak Company Coated fuser members
CN110658702A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2020-01-07 郡是株式会社 图像形成装置用管状体

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4251031B2 (ja) * 2002-08-06 2009-04-08 富士ゼロックス株式会社 電子写真用定着部品、電子写真用定着エンドレスベルト、及び加熱ロール・ベルト型定着装置
JP2013156300A (ja) * 2012-01-26 2013-08-15 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 導電性ロール、画像形成装置、及びプロセスカートリッジ

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4562335A (en) * 1983-01-07 1985-12-31 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Thermal fixing roll for electrographic processing
DE3539377A1 (de) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-22 Canon K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Elastischer drehkoerper
EP0186314A2 (de) * 1984-11-27 1986-07-02 Konica Corporation Fixiervorrichtung
EP0302517A2 (de) * 1987-08-07 1989-02-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Rotierendes Bauteil zur Bildfixierung und Fixiergerät mit diesem Bauteil
US4819020A (en) * 1986-05-30 1989-04-04 Minolta Camera Kabushika Kaisha Fixing roller and its manufacturing process
EP0424053A2 (de) * 1989-10-16 1991-04-24 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Adhäsionsfreie elastische Walze

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4562335A (en) * 1983-01-07 1985-12-31 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Thermal fixing roll for electrographic processing
DE3539377A1 (de) * 1984-11-07 1986-05-22 Canon K.K., Tokio/Tokyo Elastischer drehkoerper
EP0186314A2 (de) * 1984-11-27 1986-07-02 Konica Corporation Fixiervorrichtung
US4819020A (en) * 1986-05-30 1989-04-04 Minolta Camera Kabushika Kaisha Fixing roller and its manufacturing process
EP0302517A2 (de) * 1987-08-07 1989-02-08 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Rotierendes Bauteil zur Bildfixierung und Fixiergerät mit diesem Bauteil
EP0424053A2 (de) * 1989-10-16 1991-04-24 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Adhäsionsfreie elastische Walze

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5547759A (en) * 1993-12-09 1996-08-20 Eastman Kodak Company Coated fuser members and methods of making coated fuser members
US5709949A (en) * 1993-12-09 1998-01-20 Eastman Kodak Company Coated fuser members and methods of making coated fuser members
DE19618933C2 (de) * 1996-05-10 1998-10-29 Oce Printing Systems Gmbh Andruckwalze mit reduzierter Wärmedehnung
DE19618933C3 (de) * 1996-05-10 2002-12-05 Oce Printing Systems Gmbh Andruckwalze mit reduzierter Wärmedehnung
US5906881A (en) * 1996-10-15 1999-05-25 Eastman Kodak Company Coated fuser members
US6113830A (en) * 1996-10-15 2000-09-05 Eastman Kodak Company Coated fuser member and methods of making coated fuser members
CN110658702A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2020-01-07 郡是株式会社 图像形成装置用管状体

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0513822B1 (de) 1996-09-18
JPH04340579A (ja) 1992-11-26
EP0513822A3 (en) 1993-05-26
DE69213816D1 (de) 1996-10-24
DE69213816T2 (de) 1997-05-15
JP2989930B2 (ja) 1999-12-13

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