EP0506929B1 - Device for removing paint from painted surfaces - Google Patents

Device for removing paint from painted surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0506929B1
EP0506929B1 EP91919142A EP91919142A EP0506929B1 EP 0506929 B1 EP0506929 B1 EP 0506929B1 EP 91919142 A EP91919142 A EP 91919142A EP 91919142 A EP91919142 A EP 91919142A EP 0506929 B1 EP0506929 B1 EP 0506929B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
housing
rotor head
impeller
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91919142A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0506929A1 (en
Inventor
Reinhold Kaempf
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Deutsche Lufthansa AG
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Deutsche Lufthansa AG
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Publication of EP0506929A1 publication Critical patent/EP0506929A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/04—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet
    • B05B3/06—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements driven by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet by jet reaction, i.e. creating a spinning torque due to a tangential component of the jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • B08B3/024—Cleaning by means of spray elements moving over the surface to be cleaned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44D—PAINTING OR ARTISTIC DRAWING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PRESERVING PAINTINGS; SURFACE TREATMENT TO OBTAIN SPECIAL ARTISTIC SURFACE EFFECTS OR FINISHES
    • B44D3/00—Accessories or implements for use in connection with painting or artistic drawing, not otherwise provided for; Methods or devices for colour determination, selection, or synthesis, e.g. use of colour tables
    • B44D3/16—Implements or apparatus for removing dry paint from surfaces, e.g. by scraping, by burning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Solvents that dissolve the paint or cause it to swell are generally used to paint the surfaces. The paint is then removed by mechanical treatment. The use of solvents leads to a great environmental impact. The chromates that mix with the solvent are difficult to remove from the solvent. In addition, a significant proportion of the solvent evaporates into the atmosphere.
  • abrasive materials can be plastic granules, glass balls, nutshell splinters or CO2 ice crystals.
  • Such abrasive processes have the disadvantage that not only the paint is removed, but also the underlying surface is damaged. In particular if this surface consists of fiber-reinforced plastic, there is a risk that the reinforcing fibers will be exposed by exposure to abrasive agents, so that the surface to be stripped is seriously damaged.
  • a device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from EP-A-0 382 085.
  • This device has spray nozzles loaded with press water which are rotatably mounted and can be driven about an axis of rotation.
  • the spray nozzles are directed obliquely against the housing opening in such a way that when the spray water emerges, a force component arises which rotates the nozzle ring about its axis.
  • the nozzle ring is connected to a paddle wheel, which consists of vanes which protrude from the hub of the nozzle ring and which are set back into the interior of the housing in relation to the spray nozzle openings.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for stripping lacquered surfaces with liquid jets, in which the blasting effect is not impeded by a liquid layer formed on the surface.
  • the device according to the invention contains a rotor head with at least one nozzle from which a liquid jet emerges with high pressure.
  • the rotor head is set in rotation by the pressure of the liquid jet or by its recoil, so that a separate rotating device on the housing is not necessary. Due to the rotation of the rotor head and the nozzles arranged thereon, the individual points on the surface are periodically pressurized from approximately 150 to 220 Hz. As a result of the swelling up and down This pressure load overcomes the cohesive pressure of the paint and the paint splinters off the surface. This means that both the top coat and the primer can be removed.
  • the rotor head is located inside the housing, the opening of which is closed by the surface to be treated. The housing thus completely encloses the treatment room.
  • the closed housing prevents liquid from being thrown into the environment in an uncontrolled manner. Noise pollution is also reduced.
  • the liquid and the paint materials detached from the surface are removed from the housing by the impeller.
  • the impeller forms a centrifugal pump arranged inside the housing, which does not obstruct the jet emerging from the nozzle and removes the suspension from the housing immediately after it is created. This ensures that the liquid jets are not obstructed by a liquid layer on the surface.
  • the device according to the invention only requires a connection for pressure fluid on the housing and no additional drives or supply lines.
  • the device is therefore easy to move over the surface to be treated.
  • the device is particularly suitable for stripping surfaces made of metal or plastic. It can be used to paint the outer skin of aircraft. Aircraft are stripped and repainted every four to six years. This stripping takes place in a hall in which other maintenance or repair work is carried out on the aircraft.
  • the device can be used in an environmentally friendly manner without hindrance or danger to persons entrusted with other work on the aircraft, it being only locally effective at the point at which it is used. The splashing around of liquid as well as noise pollution are avoided.
  • the outer skin of aircraft is made from aluminum alloys and partly from carbon fiber composite materials. Both types of material can be stripped with the same device.
  • the use of the device according to the invention is not limited to the stripping of paint from aircraft surfaces. Any other surface can also be freed from lacquer or corresponding coatings. With a correspondingly small-sized design, it is also possible to use the device for stripping fingernails.
  • the paint stripping is carried out by pulsing periodic pressurization with a liquid jet. Solvent-free liquids can be used. Stripping is preferably carried out with water. The removal of the water-insoluble color particles from the water can be done by sedimentation or other separation processes, so that no contaminated water gets into nature. If necessary, the dyes can be reused.
  • the impeller which rotates together with the rotor head and rotates at several thousand revolutions per minute, throws the suspension out of the housing to the outlet.
  • Requirement for this function of the Impeller is that the impeller or the rotor head is not braked by a liquid build-up in the housing. If the stripping device has to be operated in different positions, for example on horizontal surfaces, vertical or inclined surfaces and overhead, liquid accumulations in each of these positions can be prevented by arranging the impeller at the end of the rotor head facing the opening.
  • the impeller is therefore effective in the immediate vicinity of the surface to be treated, along which the leading edges of its blades move. This ensures that the liquid is gripped by the impeller immediately after it hits the surface and is thrown off radially, so that no liquid accumulations can form which impede the rotation of the impeller and the rotor head.
  • the stripping device has a housing 10 which is designed in the manner of a bell and has an opening 11, the edge of which is attached to the surface 12 to be stripped. If the housing 10 is attached to the surface 12, its interior 13 is completely shielded from the outside, although one Ventilation device is provided, which will be explained later.
  • a shaft 14 is fastened, which has a liquid connection 15.
  • the shaft 14 is fixedly mounted in a socket 16 of the housing 10.
  • An axis 17 is screwed into the shaft 14, which extends from the shaft 14 into the vicinity of the opening 11 and on which the rotor head 18 is rotatably mounted.
  • the rotor head 18 contains two nozzles 19, 20, the openings 21 of which exit vertically on a frustoconical surface 22.
  • the frustoconical surface 22 is arranged to the surface 12 or to the plane of the opening 11 at such an angle that the jets emerging from the nozzle openings 21 strike the surface 12 at an angle other than 90 °, for example at an angle of 60 °. This means that the axes of the nozzles 19 and 20 form an angle of 30 ° with the axis of the shaft 17.
  • the rotor head 18 contains a longitudinal bore 23 which receives the shaft 17.
  • a channel 24 in the interior of the shaft 17 is connected to the liquid connection 15 and from this channel cross bores 25 lead to an annular groove 26 in the rotor head 18.
  • a bore 27 leads from this annular groove 26 to the respective nozzle 19 or 20.
  • the surface of the shaft 17 is provided with a ceramic coating 17a which on the one hand forms a sliding bearing for the rotor head 18 and on the other hand seals the bore 23.
  • 26 sealing grooves 29 are provided in the bore 23 on both sides of the annular groove.
  • the impeller 30 is fastened with screws 31 to the end face of the rotor head 18 facing the opening 11.
  • the impeller 30 has a plurality of substantially radial vanes 32 which are fastened to a sleeve 33.
  • the sleeve 33 is frustoconical in shape corresponding to the surface 22, so that it has a plate shape and its distance from the surface 12 increases radially outwards.
  • the front edges 34 of the blades run radially to the axis of the rotor head 18 and in a plane that is parallel to the plane of the opening 11.
  • the rotor head 18 is supported on a flange 35 of the fixed shaft 17 and at the front end on a disk 36, which is fastened to the front end of the shaft 17 with a screw 37.
  • the nozzles 19 and 20 are arranged on the rotor head 18 such that the recoil of the liquid jet emerging from the nozzle opening 21 rotates the rotor head 18. This is achieved in that the jets emerging from the two nozzle openings 21 do not lie in a common plane but in two planes which are slightly opposite to a plane passing through the axis of the rotor head on one side and on the opposite side Amount are offset. This slight offset of the two nozzles, which is barely perceptible to the naked eye, ensures that the liquid jets 39 emerging from the nozzle openings 21 give the rotor head 18 a rotation.
  • the vanes 32 of the impeller 30 extend in a radial expansion of the housing 10 into it. This extension is limited by a cylindrical peripheral wall 40.
  • the peripheral wall 40 is surrounded by an axially displaceable jacket 41 which is delimited at the front end by an inwardly projecting ring 42.
  • the ring 42 which forms the opening 11, contains a circumferential groove 43 behind this opening for collecting liquid running off the surface 12.
  • the rear end of the jacket 41 is connected to the rear end of the peripheral wall 40 via a plurality of rubber-elastic tabs 44 which are arranged in a distributed manner.
  • the tabs 44 endeavor to advance the jacket 41 in the direction of the surface 12.
  • the ring 42 first comes against this surface, while the peripheral wall 40 is still at a distance therefrom.
  • the remaining part of the housing 10 is then advanced in the casing 41 until the front end of the peripheral wall 40 abuts the ring 42.
  • openings 46, 47 are provided at one point, at which an outlet 48 leading tangentially out of the housing 10 is arranged.
  • a ventilation device on the housing 10 which in the present exemplary embodiment consists of the gap 49 between the peripheral wall 40 and the casing 41.
  • the interior of the housing communicates with the surroundings via this annular gap 49, which surrounds the impeller 30.
  • the passage cross section of the gap 49 is approximately two thirds of the cross section of the outlet 48. Outside air is sucked in through the gap 49 and mixes with the liquid inside the device, the resulting liquid-air mixture being discharged through the outlet 48. It is necessary to ventilate the inside of the housing so that the impeller in the housing does not create too great a vacuum.
  • the negative pressure created in the housing is sufficient to suck the housing onto the surface 12, so that no or only a small contact pressure has to be exerted on the housing.
  • the device described works as follows:
  • the housing 10 is attached with the opening 11 to the surface 12 to be stripped. Liquid at a pressure of several 100 bar, e.g. 400 bar, laid. Liquid jets emerge from the nozzle openings 21 at high speed.
  • the rotor head 18 is rotated by the recoil of the escaping liquid. The speed is about 4500 to 6000 U / min with two nozzles.
  • the liquid jets emerging from the rotor head 18 strike the surface 12 obliquely so that they are not hindered by the reflected liquid. If the housing 10 is held stationary, then each point of the surface 12 hit by a liquid jet is subjected to a frequency of 150 to 200 Hz. This removes the paint from this point.
  • the impeller 30 attached to it rotates together with the rotor head 18.
  • the liquid jets are not impeded by this impeller because they emerge between two vanes 32 in each case.
  • the one from the surface 12 reflected liquid and the liquid running off on this surface and entering the groove 43 or channel is thrown off radially by the rotating impeller 30 in the manner of a centrifugal pump and pressed to the outlet 48.
  • the removal of the liquid is supported by the suction of outside air through the gap 49.
  • the sucked-in outside air forms a flow in the interior of the housing, which entrains all liquid towards the outlet 48. Since the vanes of the impeller rotate in the immediate vicinity of the surface 12, the liquid is removed immediately after the decay of the liquid pressure jets, so that no liquid accumulations can form in the housing which would impede the rotation of the rotor head.

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  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP91/02126 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 29, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 29, 1992 PCT Filed Nov. 9, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/10313 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 25, 1992.For removal of a painted surface (12), a rotating head (18) provided on a housing (10) is used, said rotating head (18) being provided with nozzles (19,20) which said nozzles (19,20) discharge high-energy jets (39) under high pressure towards the surface (12). The rotating head (18) is set into rotation by the recoil of the discharged high-energy jets. On the rotating head (18) an impeller (30) is secured constituting a centrifugal pump for the discharging of liquids in the housing (10).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Art.The invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Zum Entlacken von Oberflächen verwendet man in der Regel Lösungsmittel, die den Lack anlösen oder zum Quellen bringen. Anschließend wird der Lack durch mechanische Behandlung entfernt. Die Anwendung von Lösungsmitteln führt zu einer großen Umweltbelastung. Die sich mit dem Lösungsmittel vermischenden Chromate sind schwierig aus dem Lösungsmittel zu entfernen. Außerdem verdampft ein erheblicher Anteil des Lösungsmittels in die Atmosphäre hinein.Solvents that dissolve the paint or cause it to swell are generally used to paint the surfaces. The paint is then removed by mechanical treatment. The use of solvents leads to a great environmental impact. The chromates that mix with the solvent are difficult to remove from the solvent. In addition, a significant proportion of the solvent evaporates into the atmosphere.

Es ist bekannt, einen Luftstrahl, der Abrasivstoffe enthält, gegen die lackierte Oberfläche zu richten. Die Abrasivstoffe können Kunststoffgranulate, Glaskugeln, Nußschalensplitter oder CO₂-Eiskristalle sein. Derartige abrasive Verfahren haben den Nachteil, daß nicht nur der Lack entfernt, sondern auch die darunterliegende Fläche beschädigt wird. Insbesondere wenn diese Fläche aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff besteht, besteht die Gefahr, daß die Verstärkungsfasern durch das Bestrahlen mit Abrasivmitteln freigelegt werden, so daß die zu entlackende Oberfläche ernsthaft beschädigt wird.It is known to direct an air jet that contains abrasive substances against the painted surface. The abrasive materials can be plastic granules, glass balls, nutshell splinters or CO₂ ice crystals. Such abrasive processes have the disadvantage that not only the paint is removed, but also the underlying surface is damaged. In particular if this surface consists of fiber-reinforced plastic, there is a risk that the reinforcing fibers will be exposed by exposure to abrasive agents, so that the surface to be stripped is seriously damaged.

Eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 ist bekannt aus EP-A-0 382 085. Diese Vorrichtung weist mit Preßwasser beaufschlagte Spritzdüsen auf, die um eine Drehachse drehbar gelagert und antreibbar sind. Die Spritzdüsen sind derart schräg gegen die Gehäuseöffnung gerichtet, daß beim Austritt des Spritzwassers eine Kraftkomponente entsteht, die den Düsenkranz um seine Achse dreht. Der Düsenkranz ist mit einem Schaufelrad verbunden, das aus von der Nabe des Düsenkranzes abstehenden Flügeln besteht, welche gegenüber den Spritzdüsenöffnungen in das Gehäuseinnere zurückversetzt sind. Bei einer derartigen Vorrichtung besteht das Problem des sofortigen Abführens des Spritzwassers von der zu behandelnden Fläche, damit das Spritzwasser nicht auf einen dämpfenden Wasserfilm auftrifft.A device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from EP-A-0 382 085. This device has spray nozzles loaded with press water which are rotatably mounted and can be driven about an axis of rotation. The spray nozzles are directed obliquely against the housing opening in such a way that when the spray water emerges, a force component arises which rotates the nozzle ring about its axis. The nozzle ring is connected to a paddle wheel, which consists of vanes which protrude from the hub of the nozzle ring and which are set back into the interior of the housing in relation to the spray nozzle openings. With such a device, there is the problem of immediately removing the spray water from the surface to be treated, so that the spray water does not strike a damping water film.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zum Entlacken von lackierten Oberflächen mit Flüssigkeitsstrahlen zu schaffen, bei der die Strahlwirkung nicht durch eine auf der Oberfläche gebildete Flüssigkeitsschicht behindert wird.The invention has for its object to provide a device for stripping lacquered surfaces with liquid jets, in which the blasting effect is not impeded by a liquid layer formed on the surface.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.This object is achieved according to the invention with the features of patent claim 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung enthält einen Rotorkopf mit mindestens einer Düse, aus der ein Flüssigkeitsstrahl mit hohem Druck austritt. Der Rotorkopf wird durch den Druck des Flüssigkeitsstrahls bzw. durch dessen Rückstoß in Drehung versetzt, so daß eine separate Dreheinrichtung am Gehäuse nicht erforderlich ist. Durch die Rotation des Rotorkopfes und der daran angeordneten Düsen erfolgt eine periodische Druckbeaufschlagung der einzelnen Stellen der Oberfläche von etwa 150 bis 220 Hz. Infolge des Auf- und Abschwellens dieser Druckbelastung wird der Kohäsionsdruck des Lackes überwunden und der Lack splittert von der Oberfläche ab. Dadurch kann sowohl der Decklack als auch die Grundierung (primer) abgelöst werden. Der Rotorkopf befindet sich im Innern des Gehäuses, dessen Öffnung durch die zu behandelnde Oberfläche geschlossen ist. Das Gehäuse umschließt somit den Behandlungsraum vollständig. Es kann von Hand oder durch eine geeignete Bewegungsvorrichtung über die zu behandelnde Oberfläche geführt werden, so daß eine fortschreitende Behandlung größerer Flächen möglich ist. Durch das geschlossene Gehäuse wird verhindert, daß unkontrolliert Flüssigkeit in die Umgebung geschleudert wird. Außerdem wird die Lärmbelastung vermindert. Die Flüssigkeit und die von der Oberfläche abgelösten Lackstoffe werden von dem Flügelrad aus dem Gehäuse heraus abgefördert. Das Flügelrad bildet eine im Gehäuseinneren angeordnete Fliehkraftpumpe, die den aus der Düse austretenden Strahl nicht behindert und die Suspension unmittelbar nach deren Entstehen aus dem Gehäuse entfernt. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß die Flüssigkeitsstrahlen nicht durch eine auf der Oberfläche befindliche Flüssigkeitsschicht behindert werden.The device according to the invention contains a rotor head with at least one nozzle from which a liquid jet emerges with high pressure. The rotor head is set in rotation by the pressure of the liquid jet or by its recoil, so that a separate rotating device on the housing is not necessary. Due to the rotation of the rotor head and the nozzles arranged thereon, the individual points on the surface are periodically pressurized from approximately 150 to 220 Hz. As a result of the swelling up and down This pressure load overcomes the cohesive pressure of the paint and the paint splinters off the surface. This means that both the top coat and the primer can be removed. The rotor head is located inside the housing, the opening of which is closed by the surface to be treated. The housing thus completely encloses the treatment room. It can be passed over the surface to be treated by hand or by a suitable movement device, so that progressive treatment of larger areas is possible. The closed housing prevents liquid from being thrown into the environment in an uncontrolled manner. Noise pollution is also reduced. The liquid and the paint materials detached from the surface are removed from the housing by the impeller. The impeller forms a centrifugal pump arranged inside the housing, which does not obstruct the jet emerging from the nozzle and removes the suspension from the housing immediately after it is created. This ensures that the liquid jets are not obstructed by a liquid layer on the surface.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung benötigt lediglich einen Anschluß für Druckfluid am Gehäuse und keine zusätzlichen Antriebe oder Versorgungsleitungen. Die Vorrichtung ist daher leicht über die zu behandelnde Oberfläche zu bewegen.The device according to the invention only requires a connection for pressure fluid on the housing and no additional drives or supply lines. The device is therefore easy to move over the surface to be treated.

Die Vorrichtung eignet sich insbesondere zum Entlacken von Oberflächen, die aus Metall oder Kunststoff bestehen. Sie kann zum Entlacken der Außenhaut von Flugzeugen benutzt werden. Flugzeuge werden alle vier bis sechs Jahre entlackt und neu lackiert. Dieses Entlacken erfolgt in einer Halle, in der auch andere Wartungs- oder Reparaturarbeiten am Flugzeug durchgeführt werden. Die Vorrichtung kann ohne Behinderung oder Gefährdung von Personen, die mit anderen Arbeiten am Flugzeug betraut sind, umweltschonend eingesetzt werden, wobei sie jeweils nur örtlich an derjenigen Stelle wirksam ist, an der sie eingesetzt wird. Das Herumspritzen von Flüssigkeit sowie Lärmbelästigungen werden vermieden. Die Außenhaut von Flugzeugen besteht aus Aluminiumlegierungen und zu einem Teil aus Kohlefaser-Verbundwerkstoffen. Beide Materialarten können mit derselben Vorrichtung entlackt werden.The device is particularly suitable for stripping surfaces made of metal or plastic. It can be used to paint the outer skin of aircraft. Aircraft are stripped and repainted every four to six years. This stripping takes place in a hall in which other maintenance or repair work is carried out on the aircraft. The device can be used in an environmentally friendly manner without hindrance or danger to persons entrusted with other work on the aircraft, it being only locally effective at the point at which it is used. The splashing around of liquid as well as noise pollution are avoided. The outer skin of aircraft is made from aluminum alloys and partly from carbon fiber composite materials. Both types of material can be stripped with the same device.

Der Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist jedoch nicht auf das Entlacken von Flugzeugoberflächen beschränkt. Es können auch beliebige andere Oberflächen von Lack oder entsprechenden Beschichtungen befreit werden. So ist es bei entsprechend kleinformatiger Ausbildung auch möglich, die Vorrichtung zum Entlacken von Fingernägeln einzusetzen.However, the use of the device according to the invention is not limited to the stripping of paint from aircraft surfaces. Any other surface can also be freed from lacquer or corresponding coatings. With a correspondingly small-sized design, it is also possible to use the device for stripping fingernails.

Die Entlackung erfolgt durch impulsartige periodische Druckbeaufschlagung mit einem Flüssigkeitsstrahl. Dabei können lösungsmittelfreie Flüssigkeiten benutzt werden. Vorzugsweise erfolgt das Entlacken mit Wasser. Das Entfernen der nicht wasserlöslichen Farbpartikel aus dem Wasser kann durch Sedimentation oder andere Trennverfahren erfolgen, so daß kein verunreinigtes Wasser in die Natur gelangt. Die Farbstoffe können ggf. einer Wiederverwendung zugeführt werden.The paint stripping is carried out by pulsing periodic pressurization with a liquid jet. Solvent-free liquids can be used. Stripping is preferably carried out with water. The removal of the water-insoluble color particles from the water can be done by sedimentation or other separation processes, so that no contaminated water gets into nature. If necessary, the dyes can be reused.

Das zusammen mit dem Rotorkopf rotierende Flügelrad, das mit mehreren tausend Umdrehungen pro Minute umläuft, schleudert die Suspension aus dem Gehäuse heraus zum Auslaß. Voraussetzung für diese Funktion des Flügelrades ist, daß das Flügelrad bzw. der Rotorkopf nicht von einer Flüssigkeitsansammlung im Gehäuse abgebremst wird. Wenn die Entlackungsvorrichtung in unterschiedlichen Positionen betrieben werden muß, beispielsweise auf horizontalen Oberflächen, vertikalen oder schrägen Oberflächen und über Kopf, können Flüssigkeitsansammlungen in jeder dieser Lagen dadurch verhindert werden, daß das Flügelrad an dem der Öffnung zugewandten Ende des Rotorkopfes angeordnet ist. Das Flügelrad ist also in unmittelbarer Nähe der zu behandelnden Oberfläche wirksam, an der sich die Vorderkanten seiner Flügel entlangbewegen. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß die Flüssigkeit unmittelbar nach dem Auftreffen auf die Oberfläche von dem Flügelrad erfaßt und radial abgeschleudert wird, so daß sich keine Flüssigkeitsansammlungen bilden können, die die Rotation des Flügelrades und des Rotorkopfes behindern.The impeller, which rotates together with the rotor head and rotates at several thousand revolutions per minute, throws the suspension out of the housing to the outlet. Requirement for this function of the Impeller is that the impeller or the rotor head is not braked by a liquid build-up in the housing. If the stripping device has to be operated in different positions, for example on horizontal surfaces, vertical or inclined surfaces and overhead, liquid accumulations in each of these positions can be prevented by arranging the impeller at the end of the rotor head facing the opening. The impeller is therefore effective in the immediate vicinity of the surface to be treated, along which the leading edges of its blades move. This ensures that the liquid is gripped by the impeller immediately after it hits the surface and is thrown off radially, so that no liquid accumulations can form which impede the rotation of the impeller and the rotor head.

Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert.In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Axialschnitt durch eine Ausführungsform der Entlackungsvorrichtung und
Fig. 2
eine Ansicht der Entlackungsvorrichtung von unten.
Show it:
Fig. 1
an axial section through an embodiment of the stripping device and
Fig. 2
a view of the paint stripping device from below.

Die Entlackungsvorrichtung weist ein Gehäuse 10 auf, das nach Art einer Glocke ausgebildet ist und eine Öffnung 11 hat, deren Rand an die zu entlackende Oberfläche 12 angesetzt wird. Wenn das Gehäuse 10 an die Oberfläche 12 angesetzt ist, ist sein Innenraum 13 nach außen hin vollständig abgeschirmt, wobei jedoch eine Belüftungseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, die später noch erläutert wird.The stripping device has a housing 10 which is designed in the manner of a bell and has an opening 11, the edge of which is attached to the surface 12 to be stripped. If the housing 10 is attached to the surface 12, its interior 13 is completely shielded from the outside, although one Ventilation device is provided, which will be explained later.

An dem der Öffnung 11 abgewandten Ende des Gehäuses 10 ist ein Schaft 14 befestigt, der einen Flüssigkeitsanschluß 15 aufweist. Der Schaft 14 ist in einem Stutzen 16 des Gehäuses 10 fest montiert. In den Schaft 14 ist eine Achse 17 eingeschraubt, die sich vom Schaft 14 bis in die Nähe der Öffnung 11 erstreckt und auf der der Rotorkopf 18 drehbar gelagert ist. Der Rotorkopf 18 enthält zwei Düsen 19,20, deren Öffnungen 21 an einer kegelstumpfförmigen Fläche 22 senkrecht austreten. Die kegelstumpfförmige Fläche 22 ist zur Oberfläche 12 bzw. zur Ebene der Öffnung 11 unter solchem Winkel angeordnet, daß die aus den Düsenöffnungen 21 austretenden Strahlen unter einem von 90° verschiedenen Winkel auf die Oberfläche 12 auftreffen, beispielsweise unter einem Winkel von 60°. Dies bedeutet, daß die Achsen der Düsen 19 und 20 mit der Achse der Welle 17 einen Winkel von 30° bilden.At the end of the housing 10 facing away from the opening 11, a shaft 14 is fastened, which has a liquid connection 15. The shaft 14 is fixedly mounted in a socket 16 of the housing 10. An axis 17 is screwed into the shaft 14, which extends from the shaft 14 into the vicinity of the opening 11 and on which the rotor head 18 is rotatably mounted. The rotor head 18 contains two nozzles 19, 20, the openings 21 of which exit vertically on a frustoconical surface 22. The frustoconical surface 22 is arranged to the surface 12 or to the plane of the opening 11 at such an angle that the jets emerging from the nozzle openings 21 strike the surface 12 at an angle other than 90 °, for example at an angle of 60 °. This means that the axes of the nozzles 19 and 20 form an angle of 30 ° with the axis of the shaft 17.

Der Rotorkopf 18 enthält eine längslaufende Bohrung 23, die die Welle 17 aufnimmt. Ein Kanal 24 im Innern der Welle 17 steht mit dem Flüssigkeitsanschluß 15 in Verbindung und von diesem Kanal führen Querbohrungen 25 zu einer Ringnut 26 im Rotorkopf 18. Von dieser Ringnut 26 führt jeweils eine Bohrung 27 zu der betreffenden Düse 19 bzw. 20.The rotor head 18 contains a longitudinal bore 23 which receives the shaft 17. A channel 24 in the interior of the shaft 17 is connected to the liquid connection 15 and from this channel cross bores 25 lead to an annular groove 26 in the rotor head 18. A bore 27 leads from this annular groove 26 to the respective nozzle 19 or 20.

Die Oberfläche der Welle 17 ist mit einer aus Keramik bestehenden Beschichtung 17a versehen, die einerseits ein Gleitlager für den Rotorkopf 18 bildet und andererseits eine Dichtung der Bohrung 23 bewirkt. Außerdem sind in der Bohrung 23 zu beiden Seiten der Ringnut 26 Dichtnuten 29 vorgesehen.The surface of the shaft 17 is provided with a ceramic coating 17a which on the one hand forms a sliding bearing for the rotor head 18 and on the other hand seals the bore 23. In addition, 26 sealing grooves 29 are provided in the bore 23 on both sides of the annular groove.

An der der Öffnung 11 zugewandten Stirnseite des Rotorkopfes 18 ist das Flügelrad 30 mit Schrauben 31 befestigt. Das Flügelrad 30 weist mehrere im wesentlichen radiale Flügel 32 auf, die an einer Manschette 33 befestigt sind. Die Manschette 33 ist entsprechend der Fläche 22 kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildet, so daß sie tellerförmige Gestalt hat und ihr Abstand von der Oberfläche 12 sich radial nach außen vergrößert. Die Vorderkanten 34 der Flügel verlaufen radial zur Achse des Rotorkopfes 18 und in einer Ebene, die parallel zur Ebene der Öffnung 11 gerichtet ist.The impeller 30 is fastened with screws 31 to the end face of the rotor head 18 facing the opening 11. The impeller 30 has a plurality of substantially radial vanes 32 which are fastened to a sleeve 33. The sleeve 33 is frustoconical in shape corresponding to the surface 22, so that it has a plate shape and its distance from the surface 12 increases radially outwards. The front edges 34 of the blades run radially to the axis of the rotor head 18 and in a plane that is parallel to the plane of the opening 11.

Am rückwärtigen Ende ist der Rotorkopf 18 an einem Flansch 35 der feststehenden Welle 17 abgestützt und am vorderen Ende an einer Scheibe 36, die mit einer Schraube 37 am stirnseitigen Ende der Welle 17 befestigt ist.At the rear end, the rotor head 18 is supported on a flange 35 of the fixed shaft 17 and at the front end on a disk 36, which is fastened to the front end of the shaft 17 with a screw 37.

Die Düsen 19 und 20 sind am Rotorkopf 18 derart angeordnet, daß jeweils der Rückstoß des aus der Düsenöffnung 21 austretenden Flüssigkeitsstrahls den Rotorkopf 18 dreht. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß die Strahlen, die aus den beiden Düsenöffnungen 21 austreten, nicht in einer gemeinsamen Ebene liegen sondern in zwei Ebenen, die gegenüber einer durch die Achse des Rotorkopfes hindurchgehenden Ebenen nach der einen Seite und nach der entgegengesetzten Seite um einen geringfügigen Betrag versetzt sind. Durch diesen geringfügigen Versatz der beiden Düsen, der mit bloßem Auge kaum wahrnehmbar ist, wird erreicht, daß die aus den Düsenöffnungen 21 austretenden Flüssigkeitsstrahlen 39 dem Rotorkopf 18 eine Drehung erteilen.The nozzles 19 and 20 are arranged on the rotor head 18 such that the recoil of the liquid jet emerging from the nozzle opening 21 rotates the rotor head 18. This is achieved in that the jets emerging from the two nozzle openings 21 do not lie in a common plane but in two planes which are slightly opposite to a plane passing through the axis of the rotor head on one side and on the opposite side Amount are offset. This slight offset of the two nozzles, which is barely perceptible to the naked eye, ensures that the liquid jets 39 emerging from the nozzle openings 21 give the rotor head 18 a rotation.

Die Flügel 32 des Flügelrades 30 erstrecken sich in eine radiale Erweiterung des Gehäuses 10 hinein. Diese Erweiterung ist von einer zylindrischen Umfangswand 40 begrenzt. Die Umfangswand 40 ist von einem axial verschiebbaren Mantel 41 umgeben, der am vorderen Ende durch einen nach innen vorspringenden Ring 42 begrenzt ist. Der Ring 42, der die Öffnung 11 bildet, enthält hinter dieser Öffnung eine Umfangsnut 43 zum Sammeln von an der Oberfläche 12 ablaufender Flüssigkeit.The vanes 32 of the impeller 30 extend in a radial expansion of the housing 10 into it. This extension is limited by a cylindrical peripheral wall 40. The peripheral wall 40 is surrounded by an axially displaceable jacket 41 which is delimited at the front end by an inwardly projecting ring 42. The ring 42, which forms the opening 11, contains a circumferential groove 43 behind this opening for collecting liquid running off the surface 12.

Das rückwärtige Ende des Mantels 41 ist über mehrere verteilt angeordnete gummielastische Laschen 44 mit dem rückwärtigen Ende der Umfangswand 40 verbunden. Die Laschen 44 sind bestrebt, den Mantel 41 in Richtung auf die Oberfläche 12 vorzuschieben. Beim Ansetzen der Vorrichtung an die Oberfläche 12 gelangt zunächst der Ring 42 gegen diese Oberfläche, während die Umfangswand 40 sich noch im Abstand davon befindet. Danach wird der übrige Teil des Gehäuses 10 in dem Mantel 41 vorgeschoben bis das vordere Ende der Umfangswand 40 gegen den Ring 42 stößt.The rear end of the jacket 41 is connected to the rear end of the peripheral wall 40 via a plurality of rubber-elastic tabs 44 which are arranged in a distributed manner. The tabs 44 endeavor to advance the jacket 41 in the direction of the surface 12. When the device is attached to the surface 12, the ring 42 first comes against this surface, while the peripheral wall 40 is still at a distance therefrom. The remaining part of the housing 10 is then advanced in the casing 41 until the front end of the peripheral wall 40 abuts the ring 42.

Am vorderen Ende des Mantels 41 befindet sich ein elastischer Dichtwulst 45, der sich gegen die Oberfläche 12 legt und somit den Spalt zwischen der Vorrichtung und der Oberfläche 12 abdichtet.At the front end of the jacket 41 there is an elastic sealing bead 45 which lies against the surface 12 and thus seals the gap between the device and the surface 12.

In der Umfangswand 40 und dem Mantel 41 sind an einer Stelle Öffnungen 46,47 vorgesehen, an denen ein tangential aus dem Gehäuse 10 herausführender Auslaß 48 angeordnet ist. Ferner befindet sich an dem Gehäuse 10 eine Belüftungseinrichtung, die bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel aus dem Spalt 49 zwischen der Umfangswand 40 und dem Mantel 41 besteht. Über diesen ringförmigen Spalt 49, der das Flügelrad 30 umgibt, steht das Gehäuseinnere mit der Umgebung in Verbindung. Der Durchlaßquerschnitt des Spalts 49 beträgt etwa zwei Drittel des Querschnitts des Auslasses 48. Durch den Spalt 49 hindurch wird Außenluft angesaugt, die sich im Innern der Vorrichtung mit der Flüssigkeit vermischt, wobei das entstehende Flüssigkeits-Luft-Gemisch durch den Auslaß 48 abgeführt wird. Die Belüftung des Gehäuseinnern ist erforderlich, damit durch das Flügelrad im Gehäuse kein zu großer Unterdruck erzeugt wird. Der im Gehäuse entstehende Unterdruck reicht aus, um das Gehäuse an der Oberfläche 12 festzusaugen, so daß keine oder nur eine geringe Anpreßkraft auf das Gehäuse ausgeübt werden muß.In the peripheral wall 40 and the casing 41, openings 46, 47 are provided at one point, at which an outlet 48 leading tangentially out of the housing 10 is arranged. Furthermore, there is a ventilation device on the housing 10, which in the present exemplary embodiment consists of the gap 49 between the peripheral wall 40 and the casing 41. The interior of the housing communicates with the surroundings via this annular gap 49, which surrounds the impeller 30. Of the The passage cross section of the gap 49 is approximately two thirds of the cross section of the outlet 48. Outside air is sucked in through the gap 49 and mixes with the liquid inside the device, the resulting liquid-air mixture being discharged through the outlet 48. It is necessary to ventilate the inside of the housing so that the impeller in the housing does not create too great a vacuum. The negative pressure created in the housing is sufficient to suck the housing onto the surface 12, so that no or only a small contact pressure has to be exerted on the housing.

Die beschriebene Vorrichtung arbeitet wie folgt: Das Gehäuse 10 wird mit der Öffnung 11 an die zu entlackende Fläche 12 angesetzt. An den Flüssigkeitsanschluß 15 wird Flüssigkeit mit hohem Druck von mehreren 100 bar, z.B. 400 bar, gelegt. Aus den Düsenöffnungen 21 treten Flüssigkeitsstrahlen mit hoher Geschwindigkeit aus. Gleichzeitig wird durch den Rückstoß der austretenden Flüssigkeit der Rotorkopf 18 in Drehung versetzt. Die Drehzahl beträgt bei zwei Düsen etwa 4500 bis 6000 U/min. Die aus dem Rotorkopf 18 austretenden Flüssigkeitsstrahlen treffen schräg auf die Oberfläche 12 auf, so daß sie von der reflektierten Flüssigkeit nicht behindert werden. Wird das Gehäuse 10 stationär festgehalten, dann wird jede von einem Flüssigkeitsstrahl getroffene Stelle der Oberfläche 12 mit einer Frequenz von 150 bis 200 Hz beaufschlagt. Dadurch löst sich der Lack von dieser Stelle ab.The device described works as follows: The housing 10 is attached with the opening 11 to the surface 12 to be stripped. Liquid at a pressure of several 100 bar, e.g. 400 bar, laid. Liquid jets emerge from the nozzle openings 21 at high speed. At the same time, the rotor head 18 is rotated by the recoil of the escaping liquid. The speed is about 4500 to 6000 U / min with two nozzles. The liquid jets emerging from the rotor head 18 strike the surface 12 obliquely so that they are not hindered by the reflected liquid. If the housing 10 is held stationary, then each point of the surface 12 hit by a liquid jet is subjected to a frequency of 150 to 200 Hz. This removes the paint from this point.

Zusammen mit dem Rotorkopf 18 rotiert das daran befestigte Flügelrad 30. Die Flüssigkeitsstrahlen werden von diesem Flügelrad nicht behindert, weil sie jeweils zwischen zwei Flügeln 32 austreten. Die von der Oberfläche 12 reflektierte Flüssigkeit und die an dieser Oberfläche ablaufende und in die Nut 43 oder Rinne gelangende Flüssigkeit wird von dem mitrotierenden Flügelrad 30 nach Art einer Fliehkraftpumpe radial abgeschleudert und zum Auslaß 48 gedrückt. Hierbei wird die Abförderung der Flüssigkeit durch das Ansaugen von Außenluft durch den Spalt 49 hindurch unterstützt. Die angesaugte Außenluft bildet im Gehäuseinnern eine Strömung, die sämtliche Flüssigkeit zum Auslaß 48 hin mitreißt. Da die Flügel des Flügelrades in unmittelbarer Nähe der Oberfläche 12 rotieren, wird die Flüssigkeit sofort nach dem Zerfall der Flüssigkeitsdruckstrahlen abgefördert, so daß sich keine Flüssigkeitsansammlungen im Gehäuse bilden können, die die Rotation des Rotorkopfes behindern würden.The impeller 30 attached to it rotates together with the rotor head 18. The liquid jets are not impeded by this impeller because they emerge between two vanes 32 in each case. The one from the surface 12 reflected liquid and the liquid running off on this surface and entering the groove 43 or channel is thrown off radially by the rotating impeller 30 in the manner of a centrifugal pump and pressed to the outlet 48. In this case, the removal of the liquid is supported by the suction of outside air through the gap 49. The sucked-in outside air forms a flow in the interior of the housing, which entrains all liquid towards the outlet 48. Since the vanes of the impeller rotate in the immediate vicinity of the surface 12, the liquid is removed immediately after the decay of the liquid pressure jets, so that no liquid accumulations can form in the housing which would impede the rotation of the rotor head.

Claims (8)

  1. A device for removing paint from painted surfaces through high-energy jets, comprising
    - a housing (10) having an opening (11) to be positioned against the surface (12),
    - a pivotally mounted rotor head (18) provided in said housing, comprising at least one nozzle (19, 20) facing toward the opening (11), said nozzle being connected to a liquid-pressure source, whereby the liquid pressure rotates the rotor head (18), and
    - an impeller (30) provided on the rotor head (18), constituting a centrifugal pump for discharging the liquid towards an outlet (48) provided on the housing (10),
    characterised in that
    - the axes of the nozzles (19, 20) are directed obliquely outward towards the opening (11), and
    - the impeller (30) is provided on the end face of the rotor head (18) that faces the opening (11) and that it has a plate-shaped sleeve (33) fixed to the rotor head (18) with blades (32) protruding therefrom towards the opening (11), the distance of the sleeve (33) from the opening (11) increasing radially outward.
  2. The device according to claim 1, characterised in that the housing (10) comprises a ventilation means having a passage cross section at least about half as large as the passage cross section of the outlet (48).
  3. The device of claim 1 or 2, characterised in that said housing (10) comprises a circumferential wall (40) and an axially displaceable casing (41) surrounding the same and constituting the opening (11), and that the casing (41) is biased in relation to the housing towards the surface (12) and may move back upon pressing the device against the surface (12).
  4. The device according to claim 3, characterised in that the ventilation means consists of a gap (49) between the circumferential wall (40) and the casing (41).
  5. The device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a ring (42) surrounding the opening (11) is provided, the inside of said ring having a circumferential groove (43) for collecting liquid flowing from the surface (12).
  6. The device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the rotor head (18) has a truncated cone shape surface (22) on which said impeller (30) abuts, the width of the blades (32) increasing in an outward direction.
  7. The device of one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the blades (32) of the impeller (30) have edges (34) on the side facing towards the opening (11), said edges extending parallel to the plane of the opening (11).
  8. The device of one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a plurality of nozzles (19, 20) are provided in such a manner that the rotor head (18) rotates with such a number of revolutions that the frequency of the pressurized admission on the same location of the surface amounts to 150 to 200 Hz.
EP91919142A 1990-12-07 1991-11-09 Device for removing paint from painted surfaces Expired - Lifetime EP0506929B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4039092 1990-12-07
DE4039092A DE4039092C1 (en) 1990-12-07 1990-12-07
PCT/EP1991/002126 WO1992010313A1 (en) 1990-12-07 1991-11-09 Device for removing paint from painted surfaces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0506929A1 EP0506929A1 (en) 1992-10-07
EP0506929B1 true EP0506929B1 (en) 1995-04-19

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EP91919142A Expired - Lifetime EP0506929B1 (en) 1990-12-07 1991-11-09 Device for removing paint from painted surfaces

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US (1) US5321869A (en)
EP (1) EP0506929B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05503049A (en)
AT (1) ATE121320T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2074491A1 (en)
DE (1) DE4039092C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992010313A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4039092C1 (en) 1992-04-16
US5321869A (en) 1994-06-21
CA2074491A1 (en) 1992-06-08
EP0506929A1 (en) 1992-10-07
WO1992010313A1 (en) 1992-06-25
ATE121320T1 (en) 1995-05-15
JPH05503049A (en) 1993-05-27

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