EP0504554A2 - Method for arranging cut pieces and device for spreading cloth - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to improve a method for arranging cut pieces, mirror-symmetrical in pairs and having the same line, in a layered stack comprising at least one layer of a web of flat material, the web of flat material being spread out in the form of the at least one layer with a line always having the same orientation in relation to a spreading direction, and the cut pieces being arranged in the layered stack according to a cutting pattern, in such a way that cut pieces having as little misorientation as possible in relation to a design of the web of flat material are thereby obtained, it is proposed that, when one of the layers is being spread out, the web of flat material is spread out always with the same side uppermost and symmetrically to a mid-plane of the layered stack extending in the spreading direction and perpendicular to a surface formed by the layer, that the cutting pattern comprises an axis and two half-patterns which are arranged on opposite sides of the axis and of which one half-pattern has the mirror-symmetrically formed pieces of the other half-pattern, and that the cutting pattern is laid onto the layered stack in such a way that the axis extends in the mid-plane. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for arranging pairs of mirror-image cut parts having the same line in a stack of layers comprising at least one layer of a flat material web, the flat material web being designed in the form of the at least one layer with a line always having the same orientation relative to a laying direction and cut parts a sectional view can be arranged in the layer stack.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing paired mirror-cut parts having the same line, in which a flat material web in the form of at least one layer of a layer stack is designed with a line always having the same orientation relative to a laying direction, and the cut parts corresponding to a layer placed on the layer stack Cutting pattern can be cut out from this.

Finally, the invention relates to a method for laying a flat material web in the form of a layer stack having at least one layer for the production of cut parts shaped in mirror image pairs and having the same stroke.

In addition, the invention relates to a device for laying out at least one layer of a fabric in the form of a layer stack, in particular for carrying out the method according to the invention.

From the prior art it is known to arrange the flat material web in pairs with a line when arranging cut parts in mirror image and having the same line in a stack of layers comprising at least one layer of a flat material line or when producing paired mirror images and having the same line, that is to say to lay them out in pairs that successive layers alternate with their front or back sides, but not the back of the following layer on the front of the previous layer.

In such a layer stack laid in pairs with a line, a field is also used as a sectional image, that is to say a sectional image which has only half of the cut parts of a piece of clothing and places this sectional image on the layer stack. If you now cut the cut parts out of the layer stack in accordance with this cut pattern, all cut parts are inevitably cut out from one layer in accordance with the cut pattern, but the mirror-image cut parts from the subsequent layer, since the subsequent layer is reversed on the previous layer, so that all the cut parts of a garment each result from two successive layers.

Furthermore, the individual layers of such a stack of layers, laid in pairs with lines, were designed to be edge-controlled on one side, that is to say that a longitudinal side edge of a layer was designed by means of edge control along a straight line on the laying table, and the opposite other longitudinal side edge was then inevitably corresponding to that with a varying width of the fabric web Varying width of the fabric is designed to deviate from a straight line parallel to the edge-controlled longitudinal side edge.

If you now have a patterned flat material web as a flat material web, for example with a longitudinal stripe, such as is used in particular as a pinstripe in a men's suit, all the cut parts assigned in pairs lie at the same distance from the edge-controlled long side edge, so that there are variations in the width of the fabric web and thus also variations in the distance of the longitudinal strips from the edge-controlled longitudinal side edge in the two mutually associated blank parts have the same effect, and thus the misalignment of the paired blank parts relative to the pattern is the same. A misalignment of a blank part relative to the pattern thus remains within acceptable limits.

Such a laying process makes a complex laying machine necessary, since after laying out a layer the fabric is turned, the fabric laying machine has to be moved back to the beginning of the layer stack and the fabric has to be laid on again. Such a laying process is therefore very time consuming.

In addition, for example, a fabric laying machine as described in EP-A 0 158 281 is used for pairing with a line. With this fabric laying machine, the fabric web must be threaded out of the fabric feed device in order to turn the fabric web and then threaded and centered again after turning.

If you want to avoid such complex unthreading and re-centering, the laying machine must have two default devices, which also requires a complex construction.

In addition to the fact that it is very time-consuming, this known laying method has the further disadvantage that the laying machine has to be very complicated or complex.

The invention is therefore based on the object of improving the methods mentioned at the beginning and the device mentioned at the outset in order to obtain cut parts with the least possible misalignment with respect to a pattern of the flat material web.

This object is achieved in a method for arranging pairs of mirror-image cut parts having the same line in a layer stack comprising at least one layer of a flat material web, the flat material web being designed in the form of the at least one layer with a line always having the same orientation relative to a laying direction, and the Blanks can be arranged by a sectional view in the layer stack, according to the invention solved in that the Flat material web is laid out when laying out one of the layers with the same side always overhead and symmetrical to a central plane of the layer stack which extends in the laying direction and is perpendicular to a surface formed by the layer, that the sectional image has one axis and two fields arranged on opposite sides of the axis comprises, of which one field has the mirror-image-shaped cut parts of the other field, and that the sectional image is placed on the layer stack so that the axis runs in the central plane.

The advantage of the solution according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the complex laying process for pair laying with a line can be dispensed with and a simple conventional laying process is used. In particular, this enables a significant increase in laying performance. Furthermore, an even smaller misorientation of the paired mirror-image cut parts can be achieved than in the prior art, since the variation in the entire width of the fabric web affects only half in each field.

Another great advantage of the laying method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the fact that the flat material web is always laid out with the same side at the top gives the possibility in a simple manner of recognizing errors, in particular through shading of colors, and of taking appropriate measures as to what is done in pairs is not possible because successive flat material webs with alternating sides always point upwards.

In the context of the present invention, it is particularly advantageous if one field is constructed as a mirror image of the other field. Such a sectional image can be generated relatively easily on the one hand, in particular with data processing systems, and on the other hand, this has the advantage that the cut parts, each formed in mirror image in pairs, have the same order with respect to their distance from the axis, so that the misalignments that occur with increasing distance from the axis each occur have the same degree, since both cut parts, which are formed in mirror image in pairs, are either close to the axis or far from the axis.

Furthermore, it is advantageous in the context of the method according to the invention if the fields have approximately the same position in the laying direction, in order to avoid that larger misalignments occur because the one of the two cut parts which are formed in mirror image in pairs lies in the region of a different width of the fabric web than the other .

It is particularly advantageous if the cut parts, which are formed in mirror image to one another, are arranged in the sectional image at equal distances from the axis, since this can ensure that the degree of misalignment of the two cut parts relative to the flat material web is the same in the two cut parts, which are formed in mirror image to one another .

The most optimal solution of the method according to the invention is when the axis represents a mirror-symmetrical axis for the shape and arrangement of the cut parts that belong together in pairs in the sectional view, since this ensures that on the one hand the cut parts each lie in the same area of the flat material web and thus the flat material web shows the same width variation over the length of both cut parts and it is also ensured that the cut parts belonging together in pairs are at the same distance from the axis and thus from the central plane, so that their misorientation to the pattern is always the same due to the varying width. As a result, the misalignment of the blank parts relative to the flat material web can be corrected in an optimal manner on account of their different widths, since the same misorientation exists in both blank parts relative to the pattern of the flat material web.

In order to optimally design the flat material web symmetrically to a central plane, an advantageous variant of the method according to the invention provides that the position of the flat material web with respect to the central plane is determined and corrected prior to laying out, so that the flat material web is already laid out as a layer aligned symmetrically to the central plane .

This can be realized particularly favorably in that the position of the flat material web is determined by detecting the position of the two opposite longitudinal side edges in each case in opposite locations in the longitudinal direction of the flat material web is and the flat material web is designed with respect to the central plane so that the longitudinal side edges are always the same distance from the central plane.

It is particularly advantageous if the position of the longitudinal side edges is determined optically.

In the simplest case, this can be achieved in that the position of the longitudinal side edges is determined by edge sensors arranged symmetrically to the central plane.

In the context of the description of the method according to the invention given hitherto, a pattern of the flat material web was assumed which varies over the width of the flat material web, that is to say, for example, longitudinal strips, and nothing is said about whether the pattern is constant in the longitudinal direction of the flat material web or also varies in it . If there is also a variable pattern in the longitudinal direction of the flat material web - for example a check pattern - the method according to the invention is preferably carried out in such a way that the cut parts belonging together in pairs are arranged in the same position relative to a pattern repeating in the longitudinal direction of the flat material web, that is to say that Cuttings that belong together in pairs are arranged in the sectional view so that they either lie at the same height on both sides of the axis in the laying direction or are offset by one or more pattern repeats in the laying direction, the pattern repeat being the distance according to which the pattern follows in the longitudinal direction of the Flat material web repeated.

As already mentioned above, a great advantage of the method according to the invention lies in the fact that it can detect defects in the flat material web. A particularly preferred exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that when the position is laid out the occurrence of an error is recognized and a decision is made by comparison with the sectional image as to whether error handling is carried out.

As a result, with the method according to the invention, there is already the possibility, during laying, of avoiding faulty cut parts and of minimizing the consumption of the flat material web when laying the layer stack for a certain number of items of clothing.

It is particularly advantageous if, for error handling, the sectional image is displayed together with the error and if it is decided on the basis of this visual representation whether error handling is carried out.

A second criterion for the question of whether error handling is to be seen is that error handling is always carried out when the error is in a visible area of a blank.

Error handling can be carried out in a wide variety of ways. One possibility of error handling provides that the error handling in the case of a faulty blank part takes place by laying out an additional layer piece. The additional layer piece can be in an advantageous variant be placed directly on the layer having the error, in another advantageous variant the additional layer piece can be laid out at the end of laying out the layer stack.

In the latter case, there is again the possibility that the additional layer piece is placed as an additional layer piece directly on the layer stack at the end of laying out the layer stack, or the advantageous possibility that the additional layer piece is laid out in a separate layer stack for re-cutting.

In the exemplary embodiments described above, in which an error detection is carried out, it is preferably provided that an error coordinate detection is carried out by means of a data processing device connected to an error coordinate detection device.

With the possibility of such an error coordinate detection, it is also advantageous if it also defines a reference point for the position of the sectional image on the layer stack.

In the method according to the invention in particular, the reference point for the sectional image is expediently placed in the center plane of the layer stack.

In order to be able to advantageously detect the position of the central plane, it is provided that the position of the central plane is indicated by a light bar projected onto the stack of layers.

The object according to the invention is furthermore achieved in a method for producing paired mirror-image cut parts having the same line, in which a flat material web in the form of at least one layer of a layer stack is designed with a line always having the same orientation relative to a laying direction and the cut parts corresponding to a Layered layered sectional image are cut out from this, solved according to the invention in that when laying out one of the layers with the same side always lying on top and symmetrically to a central plane of the layer stack which extends in the laying direction and is perpendicular to a surface formed by the layer, that the sectional image comprises an axis and two fields arranged on opposite sides of the axis, one field of which has the mirror-image-shaped cut parts of the other field, and that Cross section is placed on the layer stack so that the axis runs in the central plane.

Advantageous developments of this method have the same features as the advantageous developments of the method according to the invention described above.

The invention is also based on the object of providing a method for laying a flat material web in the form of a layer stack having at least one layer and having a layer stack with cut parts which are mirror-image-shaped and have the same stroke and which is as simple as possible and inexpensive in terms of material consumption.

This object is achieved in that the sheet of flat material when laying out the layer with a line which always has the same orientation relative to a laying direction and always has the same side on top and symmetrically to a central plane which extends in the laying direction and is perpendicular to a surface formed by the layer of the layer stack is designed, and that when the layer is laid out the occurrence of an error is recognized in the latter and a decision is made by comparison with a sectional image as to whether an error treatment is carried out.

The advantage of the method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that it can be carried out with conventionally constructed devices for laying the flat material web.

Further advantageous refinements of this method have already been described and explained in connection with the methods described above.

Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of creating the simplest possible device for laying out a layer stack comprising at least one layer of a material web, in particular for carrying it out according to one of the preceding methods.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a device for laying out a layer stack comprising at least one layer of a material web in that the device has a laying table, that the device has a material laying machine which is movable in the laying direction along the laying table, that the material laying machine for Laying out the fabric web has a fabric roll support, a fabric presetting device and a laying unit, that the fabric web can be displaced in the direction transverse to the laying direction by a transverse shifting device when it is laid out, that two edge sensors are provided on the fabric spreading machine for detecting two opposite long side edges of the fabric web, and that the fabric spreading machine has a control which, based on the signals from the edge sensors, controls the transverse displacement device in such a way that the fabric web coming from the fabric roll can be laid out symmetrically in the form of a layer of the layer stack in relation to a central plane which can be defined for the respective layer stack relative to the laying table.

The advantages of the device according to the invention are the same as those of the methods described above, in particular the fact that a fabric web can be laid out in a simple manner after a time-saving laying method, on which a sectional image can then be arranged, the cut parts of which are as small as possible error-oriented to a pattern of Have fabric.

There are several options with regard to the symmetrical alignment of the fabric relative to the central plane. For example, it would be possible to use edge sensors that are able to detect the position of the longitudinal side edges with respect to the central plane over a wide area transversely to the laying direction and to design the control so that they correspond to the longitudinal side edges starting from a predetermined central plane positioned symmetrically to this. However, it is easier if the edge sensors are positioned symmetrically to the center plane are and emit a signal proportional to their coverage, so that the control only has to position the fabric so that the same signal is emitted by both edge sensors.

In order to be able to adapt to different widths of the fabric, it is advantageously provided that the edge sensors can be displaced transversely to the laying direction. This also creates the possibility, particularly in the case of edge sensors positioned symmetrically to the center plane, to define the position of the center plane relative to the fabric laying machine and to the laying table.

A particularly advantageous possibility of displaceability of the edge sensors transversely to the laying direction provides that the edge sensors are held at an actuating device and by means of which the edge sensors are always guided in symmetrical positions to the central plane at varying distances.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, it is provided that the edge sensors are optical sensors and have a sensor surface and that the position of one of the longitudinal side edges can be determined by the degree of coverage of the sensor surface.

A particularly preferred form of control provides that it positions the fabric so that the sensor surfaces of both edge sensors are covered to the same extent by the long side edges of the fabric. This is the simplest type of control, which requires that the edge sensors be arranged symmetrically to the central plane.

In order also to ensure that the edge sensors work optimally when threading, in particular in the presence of an adjusting device for the edge sensors, it is provided that the control system controls the fabric roll carrier in such a way that in the event of partial coverage of one edge sensor and the lack of coverage of the other edge sensor Transverse shifting device moves the fabric web in the direction of the other edge sensor, so that regardless of the width of the fabric web when threading the same, the edge sensors are automatically moved into their effective position.

In order to ensure that the edge sensors always work in the optimal range and with optimum sensitivity, the adjusting device is provided with a tracking control which always guides the edge sensors at such a distance from one another that the longitudinal side edges of the fabric web lie in a central region of the sensor surface.

In addition, a particularly preferred exemplary embodiment of the material-laying machine is advantageously provided with a data processing device and an error coordinate detection, so that error handling can be carried out at the same time when laying.

The error coordinate detection device is preferably a digitizing device which optically projects a point onto the uppermost layer of the layer stack and makes it possible to digitally record the coordinates of this point and thereby measure an error with regard to its extent and store it with one stored in the data processing device To show sectional view, for example on a data display device.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung zum Auslegen einer Stoffbahn;

Fig. 2

ein Schnittbild, wie es im Stand der Technik verwendet wurde;

Fig. 3

einen Längsschnitt durch eine Stoffbahn mit Strich;

Fig. 4

einen teilweisen Längsschnitt durch einen Lagenstapel beim aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Paariglegen mit Strich;

Fig. 5

eine ausschnittweise Draufsicht auf einen Lagenstapel, einseitig kantengesteuert ausgelegt nach dem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Paariglegen mit Strich, wobei die Stoffbahn ein Streifenmuster aufweist;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf eine Stoffbahn, ausgelegt nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;

Fig. 7

einen Querschnitt durch einen Lagenstapel, ausgelegt entsprechend dem Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;

Fig. 8

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Anordnung der Kantensensoren; relativ zur Stoffbahn bei der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung;

Fig. 9

eine Darstellung der Stelleinrichtung für die Kantensensoren bei der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung;

Fig.10

ein Schnittbild, wie es bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens Verwendung findet;

Fig.11

eine beispielhafte Darstellung der Lage eines Fehlers in dem Schnittbild mitsamt der Schnittlinie und Anlegelinie beim Überlappendlegen zur Fehlerbehandlung.

Further features and advantages of the invention are the subject of the following description and the drawing of some exemplary embodiments. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1

a side view of an inventive device for laying out a fabric;

Fig. 2

a sectional view as used in the prior art;

Fig. 3

a longitudinal section through a fabric with a line;

Fig. 4

a partial longitudinal section through a layer stack in pairing with a line known from the prior art;

Fig. 5

a partial plan view of a layer stack, designed on one side edge-controlled according to the pairing with a line known from the prior art, the fabric web having a striped pattern;

Fig. 6

a plan view of a fabric, designed according to an embodiment of the method according to the invention;

Fig. 7

a cross section through a layer stack, designed according to the embodiment of the method according to the invention;

Fig. 8

a perspective view of the arrangement of the edge sensors; relative to the fabric in the device according to the invention;

Fig. 9

a representation of the adjusting device for the edge sensors in the device according to the invention;

Fig. 10

a sectional view, as it is used in the embodiment of the method according to the invention;

Fig. 11

an exemplary representation of the location of an error in the sectional image together with the cutting line and contact line when overlapping for error handling.

An exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention for laying out a fabric web, designated 10 as a whole in FIG. 1, comprises a laying table 12 and a fabric laying machine 16 arranged thereon in the longitudinal direction 14 of the laying table.

This fabric laying machine 16 unwinds the fabric web 22 from a fabric roll 18 which is held on a fabric roll carrier 20, the fabric web running over a deflection roller 24 held on the fabric roller carrier 20 and being guided by this deflection roller 24 to a looping roller 26 which the fabric web in a partial wrap around a default roller 28 holds. This default roller is driven in accordance with the travel speed of the fabric laying machine in a laying direction 30 and leads the fabric web 22 to a laying unit, designated as a whole by 29, from which the fabric web 22 is laid out in the form of individual layers 32 to form a layer stack 34, each layer 32 extending from a start 36 of the layer stack to an end 40 of the layer stack .

The fabric laying machine 16 is also provided with a data processing device 42 which has an input unit 44 and a data display device 46.

A sectional image, for example shown in FIG. 2 and designated as a whole by 48, can be stored in this data processing device 42 and can be displayed on the data display device 46 with the contours of the individual cut parts 50a to n.

Furthermore, the fabric laying machine 16 has a projection device 52 with which a crosshair 54 can be projected onto the uppermost layer 32 of the layer stack 34, the coordinates of the crosshair 54 with respect to the laying table 12 once by an X sensor 56 which detects the path of the fabric laying machine 16 and thus the projection device 52 in the laying direction 30 relative to the laying table 12, and once can be detected by a Y sensor 58 which detects the displacement of the projection device transversely to the laying direction - or also the Y direction - over the width of the laying table 12. Both the X sensor 56 and the Y sensor 58 are connected to the data processing device 42, so that it is able to determine the position of the cross hair 54 relative to the laying table 12.

For example, this crosshair 54 can be used to define a zero point of the sectional image 48 relative to the layer stack 34. This is done by moving the crosshairs 54 to the position of the layer stack 34 which should correspond to the zero point of the sectional image 48 and then using the input unit 40 to define this point as the zero point for the sectional image.

In order to be able to lay out the fabric precisely on the laying table, the fabric roll support 20 is in the Y direction, i.e. parallel to a surface 60 of the laying table and transverse to the laying direction 30, displaceable. For this purpose, the fabric roll carrier 20 is seated on a transverse displacement device 62, which has, for example, a drive 64 and a displacement guide 66.

When laying out fabric sheets for outerwear, especially for men's outerwear, there is often a requirement to lay out fabric sheets with certain stripes or other patterns and to cut them out according to a cut pattern created for each layer stack. Up to now, the sectional view 48 shown in FIG. 2 has been used, the cut parts 50a to n of which only have half of the cut parts required for a piece of clothing, the other half of the cut parts not included in the sectional view 48 being formed in mirror image to the cut parts 50a to n shown is.

In order to obtain the total number of cut parts for a garment at the same time, all of which are mirror-inverted in pairs, the fabric bales, which are usually a front side 70 and one, have so far been used Back 72 comprise and the front 70 is also provided with a line 74, that is, a preferred direction, which is created, for example, by aligning the protruding fibers during weaving (shown in FIG. 3) so that the front 70 or the rear 72 successive layers 32 lie one on top of the other and the line 74 runs in all layers in the same direction, that is to say in the laying direction 30 or opposite thereto. This method is referred to as pair laying with a dash and is indicated in FIG. 4 for a total of four layers 32.

Furthermore, the individual layers, as shown in FIG. 5, are designed in the previously known method in such a way that one of the longitudinal side edges 76 always lies along a straight line in a defined manner, while on the other hand the other longitudinal side edge 78 corresponds to the varying width of the fabric web, for example due to weaving errors , no longer lies along a straight line, but deviates from a straight line in accordance with the variable width of the layer 32.

5, a striped pattern with individual strips 80, 50 has the strip 80 immediately adjacent to the longitudinal side edge 76 lying almost parallel to it, while the strip 80 further away from the longitudinal side edge 76 corresponds to the varying width of the strip Layer 32 deviate more and more from a straight course parallel to the long side edge 76, the strip 80 immediately adjacent to the long side edge 78 having almost the same course as this, deviating from a straight line parallel to the long side edge 76.

This pairing with a line with edge-controlled laying of the one longitudinal side edge 76 along a straight line and the use of a so-called field as a sectional image 48 make it possible to inaccurate the relative position of the individual cut parts 50a to n with respect to the patterning of the fabric web in the respective layer 32 Reduce the acceptable size, especially since the pair of mirror-image parts lie directly on top of each other and are therefore either close or less close to the long side edge 76 so that the errors in the relative alignment of the blank parts to the pattern are similarly large.

In contrast, the device according to the invention for laying out a fabric web and the method according to the invention work completely differently.

In the device according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the layer 32 is designed such that it lies symmetrically to a central plane 82 which, as can be seen in FIG. 7, is perpendicular to the surface 60 of the laying table 12 and parallel to the laying direction 30 runs. All the layers 32 of the layer stack 34 are designed with their longitudinal side edges 76 and 78 symmetrical to the central plane 82, that is to say that the varying width of the fabric has an effect such that both longitudinal side edges 76 and 78 do not lie along a straight line 84 or parallel to the central plane 82. 85 run, but deviate from this in irregular serpentine lines in the laying direction 30.

For this purpose, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 8, the longitudinal side edges 76 and 78 of the fabric web 22 between the deflection roller 24 and the wrapping roller 26 are provided with edge sensors 86 and 88. Each of these edge sensors 86, 88 comprises a light source 90 and a planar photodetector 92 opposite the light source 90, which in each case emits a signal to a controller 94 which controls the drive 64 of the transverse displacement device 62.

In the simplest case, the signal supplied to the control by the two photodetectors 92 is proportional to the area irradiated by the respective light source 90 and thus dependent on how far the respective longitudinal side edges 76 and 78 protrude between the light source and the respective photodetector and thus a sensor surface of the cover respective photodetector 92.

The controller 94 now works in such a way that the transverse displacement device 62 always displaces the fabric roll carrier 20 and thus also the fabric web 22 coming from the deflection roller 24 in the direction of the edge sensor 86, 88, the signal of which is larger, that is to say its sensitive area is less strongly affected by the respective longitudinal side edge 76 or 78 is covered.

As a result, the controller 94 always guides the fabric so that it runs symmetrically between the two edge sensors 86 and 88.

The two edge sensors are each arranged at the same distance from the deflection roller 24 and are thus at the same height in the direction of movement of the fabric so that they each detect points of the longitudinal side edges 76 and 78 that are exactly opposite with respect to the direction of motion of the fabric.

The position of the edge sensors 86 and 88 also defines the central plane 82, because this lies in such a way that it is always arranged exactly in the middle between the two edge sensors 86 and 88, so that the position of the central plane 82 is ultimately displaceable by the material laying machine 16 and edge sensors 86 and 88 arranged thereon are defined.

In order to be able to adjust the edge sensors 86 and 88 in adaptation to different widths of fabric webs, the edge sensors 86 and 88 are held on an actuating device designated as a whole by 100, which comprises an endless belt 102 which runs over two deflection rollers 104 and 106 and between them both extend parallel to a transverse direction 108 perpendicular to the central plane 82 and parallel to the Y direction. The edge sensor 86 is held on a run 110 extending between the deflection rollers 104 and 106 and the edge sensor 88 is held on the other run 112. Furthermore, one of the deflection rollers can be driven by a drive unit 114.

The alignment of the edge sensors 86 and 88 takes place in such a way that they are exactly symmetrical to the central plane 82. If you now move the endless belt in one or the other direction through the drive unit 114, either both edge sensors 86 and 88 can thereby be moved towards one another or away from one another, so that both edge sensors 86 and 88 execute a symmetrical movement to the central plane 82 and thereby the The position of the center plane 82 in the Y direction is fixed by the center between the edge sensors 86 and 88 which remains unchanged relative to the fabric laying machine 16.

So that the edge sensors 86, 88 always work in the optimal range, regardless of the width of the fabric, a tracking control 116 is preferably provided, which is connected to the control 94 and also evaluates the signals of the edge sensors 86 and 88. This tracking control 116 controls the drive unit 114 in such a way that the longitudinal side edges 76 and 78 are always in a central region of the sensor surface of the photodetectors 92 and thus cover about half of them. If the covered area of both edge sensors 86 and 88 is larger or smaller than approximately half of the sensor area, the tracking controller 116 tracks the edge sensors 86 and 88 accordingly, that is to say symmetrically to the central plane 82 away from or towards one another.

With such a fabric laying machine 16 according to the invention, all layers 32 of the layer stack 34 are laid out exactly, symmetrically with respect to the central plane 82.

Furthermore, in the method according to the invention, the sectional image 48 is no longer used, but a sectional image designated as a whole by 120, which represents an overall image which in turn is composed of two fields 122 and 124, the field 122 comprising the cut parts 50a to n and that Field 124 shows the cut parts that mirror the cut parts 50a to n.

The fields 122 and 124 are arranged on opposite sides of an axis 126 of the sectional image 120, the two fields 122 and 124 preferably being symmetrical with respect to this axis 126 and, in a particularly preferred case, also the cut parts 50a, 59a 'formed in pairs in mirror-image fashion; 50b, 50b '... 50n, 50n' are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the axis 126 in the two fields 122 and 124, so that the cut parts assigned to one another in pairs are each arranged at the same height and at the same distance from the axis 126.

The sectional image 120 is now placed on the layer stack 34 in such a way that the axis 126 lies in the central plane 82 and thus the two fields 122 and 124 lie symmetrically to the central plane 82.

This procedure also ensures that the relative arrangement of the individual cut parts 50a to n and their mirror-image cut parts based on the pattern - for example the strips 80 - of the individual layers always has the same error due to the symmetry to the axis 126, so that the mistake in compensate for the cut parts assigned to one another in pairs, since variations in the width of the individual layers 32 on both sides of the central plane 82 have the same effect.

In order to recognize the position of the central plane 82, which is predetermined by the fabric laying machine and can also be changed relative to the laying table for the laying of a single layer stack 34, a line projection device 130 is provided on the fabric laying machine, for example above the laying unit 29, with which the in each case top layer 32 a line 132 can be projected which indicates the position of the central plane 82 (FIGS. 1 and 6).

The orientation of the sectional image 120 relative to the layer stack 34 is carried out by moving the crosshairs 54 along the line 132 to the start 36 of the layer stack 34 and then the coordinates of the X sensor 56 and the Y sensor 58 that are detected Specifies data processing device 42 as the zero point, this zero point lying on the axis 126. This ensures that the data processing device 42 places the sectional image 120 stored in it with the axis 126 in the central plane 82, which is provided fixed by the center of the edge sensors 86 and 88 arranged on the material-laying machine 16.

A particular advantage of the laying method according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the front side 70 lies at the top of each layer 32 and thus an operator can carry out a fault check. If an error 134 is detected in the process, it will be Extent and position transmitted by moving to crosshairs 54 of data processing device 42, which is now able to carry out a comparison with sectional image 120, which is shown in FIG. 11. If this comparison reveals that the error 134 lies in the blank 50m ', error handling is carried out in which the blank 50m' is redesigned as a whole. This can be done, for example, by transversely cutting the position at the end of the error 134 along the cutting line 136 and by re-creating so that all the cut parts cut by the cut line 136, that is to say the cut parts 50d, 50d 'and 50c, 50c 'and, of course, the cut parts 50m and 50m' must be redesigned, in which case a lay-on line 138 must be applied which lies before the start of the cut parts 50c and 50c '.

Further details of this procedure and improved solutions are disclosed in EP-A-0 286 902, to which reference is made in full.

In addition, it is also possible to lay out the fabric layer completely despite the error and, after completing the layer stack 34, lay out additional layers for the faulty blank parts, that is to say in this case for the blank part 50m '. This procedure is disclosed in DE-A-38 16 883 with further variants, to which reference is made in full.

Claims (35)

Method for arranging pairs of mirror-image cut parts having the same line in a stack of layers comprising at least one layer of a flat material web, the flat material web being designed in the form of the at least one layer with a line always having the same orientation relative to a laying direction and the cut parts being shown by a sectional view in be arranged in the layer stack,
characterized,
that the flat material web is laid out when laying out one of the layers with the same side always on top and symmetrical to a central plane of the layer stack which extends in the laying direction and is perpendicular to a surface formed by the layer, that the sectional view has one axis and two on opposite sides of the axis arranged fields comprises, of which one field has the mirror-image-shaped blanks of the other field, and that the sectional image is placed on the layer stack so that the axis runs in the central plane. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that one field is constructed as a mirror image of the other field. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fields have approximately the same position in the laying direction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cut parts, which are formed in mirror image to one another in pairs, are arranged in the sectional image at equal distances from the axis. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis represents an axis of mirror symmetry for the shape and arrangement of the cut parts belonging together in pairs in the sectional view. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the position of the flat material web with respect to the central plane is determined and corrected before laying out, so that the flat material web is laid out symmetrically to the central plane. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the position of the flat material web is determined by detecting the position of both opposite longitudinal side edges at locations opposite each other in the longitudinal direction of the flat material web, and the flat material web is designed with respect to the central plane so that the longitudinal side edges always have the same distance from the Have middle level. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the position of the longitudinal side edges is determined optically. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the position of the longitudinal side edges is determined by edge sensors arranged symmetrically to the central plane. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cut parts are arranged in the sectional view taking into account a pattern in the flat material web. Method according to Claim 10, characterized in that the blank parts which belong together in pairs are arranged in the same position relative to a pattern which is repeated in the longitudinal direction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when the position is laid out, the occurrence of an error is recognized therein and a decision is made by comparison with the sectional image as to whether error handling is carried out. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that for error handling a visual representation of the sectional image takes place together with the error, and that it is decided on the basis of this visual representation whether error handling is carried out. Method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the error handling is always carried out when the error lies in a visible area of a blank part. Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the error handling in the case of a faulty blank part is carried out by laying out an additional layer piece. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the additional layer piece is placed directly on the layer having the defect. Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that a layer piece is laid out for the faulty blank part at the end of laying out the layer stack. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the layer piece is placed on the layer stack as an additional layer piece at the end of laying out the layer stack. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the additional layer piece is laid out in a separate layer stack for re-cutting. Method according to one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that an error coordinate detection is carried out by means of an error coordinate detection device connected to a data processing device. Method according to Claim 20, characterized in that a reference point for the position of the sectional image on the layer stack is established with the error coordinate detection. Method according to claim 21, characterized in that the reference point for the sectional image is placed in the central plane of the layer stack. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the position of the central plane is indicated by a light bar projected onto the layer stack. Method for producing pairs of mirror-image cut parts with the same line, in which a flat material web in the form of at least one layer of a layer stack is designed with a line that always has the same orientation relative to a laying direction and the cut parts are cut out from the stack according to a sectional image placed on the layer stack , characterized in that the flat material web is laid out when laying out one of the layers with the same side always lying on top and symmetrically to a central plane of the layer stack which extends in the laying direction and is perpendicular to a surface formed by the layer, that the sectional image has one axis and two Opposite sides of the axis arranged fields, of which one field has the mirror-image-shaped cut parts of the other field, and that the sectional image is placed on the layer stack so that the axis i runs in the middle plane. A method according to claim 24, characterized in that it is designed according to one or more of claims 2 to 23. Method for laying a flat material web in the form of a layer stack having at least one layer for the production of cut parts which are mirror-image-shaped and have the same line, characterized in that the flat material web when laying out the layer always has the same orientation relative to a laying direction and always the same side is laid out on top and symmetrical to a central plane of the layer stack which extends in the laying direction and is perpendicular to a surface formed by the layer and that when the layer is laid out the occurrence of an error is recognized and a comparison is made with a sectional image to determine whether a Error handling is performed. A method according to claim 26, characterized in that it is designed according to one of claims 6 to 23. Device for laying out a layer stack comprising at least one layer of a fabric web, in particular for carrying out one of the methods according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the device has a laying table (12), that the device moves in the laying direction (30) along the Legetisches (12) movable fabric laying machine (16) that the fabric laying machine (16) for Laying out the fabric web (22) has a fabric roll support (20), a fabric specification device (28) and a laying unit (29) such that the fabric web (22) can be displaced in the direction transverse to the laying direction (30) by means of a transverse displacement device (62), that two edge sensors (86, 88) are provided on the fabric laying machine (16) for detecting two opposite longitudinal side edges (76, 78) of the fabric web (22) and that the fabric laying machine (16) has a controller (94) which, based on the signals the edge sensors (86, 88) control the transverse displacement device (62) in such a way that the fabric web (22) coming from the fabric roll (18) is symmetrical in relation to a central plane (82) in the form of a layer which can be defined for the respective layer stack relative to the laying table (12) (32) of the layer stack (34) can be laid out. Device according to claim 22, characterized in that the edge sensors (86, 88) are positioned symmetrically to the central plane (82). Device according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the edge sensors (86, 88) can be displaced transversely to the laying direction (30). Device according to one of claims 28 to 30, characterized in that the edge sensors (86, 88) are held on an adjusting device (100) and through this the edge sensors (86, 88) are always guided in symmetrical positions to the central plane (82) at varying distances are. Fabric laying device according to one of claims 28 to 31, characterized in that the edge sensors (86, 88) are optical sensors and have a sensor surface and that the position of one of the longitudinal side edges (76) is due to the degree of coverage of the sensor surface transverse to the laying direction (30) , 78) is detectable. Fabric laying device according to one of claims 28 to 32, characterized in that the control (94) positions the fabric web (22) such that the sensor surfaces of both edge sensors (86, 88) through the longitudinal side edges (76, 78) of the fabric web (22) in are covered to the same extent. Device according to one of claims 29 to 33, characterized in that the control (94) controls the fabric roll support (20) so that in the event of partial overlap of one edge sensor (86, 88) and no overlap of the other edge sensor (88, 86) the transverse displacement device (62) displaces the fabric web (22) in the direction of the other edge sensor (88, 86). Fabric laying device according to one of claims 31 to 34, characterized in that the adjusting device (100) is provided with a tracking control (116) which always guides the edge sensors (86, 88) at a distance from one another such that the longitudinal side edges (76, 78 ) of the fabric (22) lie in a central area of the sensor surface.

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