EP0504039A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines ringförmigen Werkstückes aus Blech - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines ringförmigen Werkstückes aus Blech Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0504039A1
EP0504039A1 EP92400625A EP92400625A EP0504039A1 EP 0504039 A1 EP0504039 A1 EP 0504039A1 EP 92400625 A EP92400625 A EP 92400625A EP 92400625 A EP92400625 A EP 92400625A EP 0504039 A1 EP0504039 A1 EP 0504039A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
fixing
axis
turntable
bending
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92400625A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0504039B1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Gaston Christophel
Jean Marcel Dautremont
Pierre Henri Fert
Guy René Harmegnies
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA, SNECMA SAS filed Critical Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Publication of EP0504039A1 publication Critical patent/EP0504039A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0504039B1 publication Critical patent/EP0504039B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/14—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers
    • B21D5/143—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers making use of a mandrel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/02—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
    • B21D51/10—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects conically or cylindrically shaped objects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production of annular parts by means of a generally flat sheet and whose initial shape is predetermined to constitute, once deformed, the annular part to be obtained.
  • the invention advantageously applies when machining is to be carried out on this part.
  • the invention has been developed more particularly for developing a slightly conical front ferrule of an airplane turbojet engine casing.
  • Dual-flow turbojets are one type of propulsion engine for airplanes. Their overall shape is similar to a cylinder several meters long, the outside diameter constantly varying according to the constitution of the different parts of the engine. For example, at the level of the cold flow channel surrounding the turbojet engine, the casing assumes a shape which widens slightly to then become cylindrical and finally resume a conical shape to reduce the diameter of this cold flow channel.
  • the motor housing is therefore often made up of a succession of annular ferrules, the shapes of which are more or less complicated and on which numerous machining operations are planned, intended for the fixing of various accessories (control means, pipeline, control means , ). In addition, machining to hollow out the shell to lighten it is often carried out.
  • a ferrule before a casing at the level of the cold flow channel can consist of a titanium ferrule, slightly conical and whose diameter can be between 500 and 1000 mm. She is often obtained from a sheet whose thickness is around 7 mm and which is then hollowed out by machining to lighten this part and provide for the fixing of various accessories while leaving ribs to stiffen the part. Such a part can be obtained in different ways.
  • a conventional method for forming the sheet more commonly known as "wrapping" consists of bending or bending the sheet between several rollers placed on either side of it. The final radius of curvature is obtained by successive passage of the sheet between these rollers. Once bent, the ferrule is then finished by welding along two generators, using conventional equipment.
  • This method requires the machining to be carried out after this bending or bending operation, since the pressure forces of the rollers would lead to the crushing or the inclination of the numerous ribs resulting from the machining. It is then necessary to machine the part after this bending, which is relatively difficult and expensive. Indeed, the machining of a ferrule whose diameter is around 800 mm and comprising in many places a thickness of 1 or 2 mm is very delicate. Such machining can however be obtained chemically, the shell being immersed in a large tank provided for this purpose. At this level, this method is very expensive and difficult to implement.
  • Another technique used consists in bending by successive folds using a conventional folding machine.
  • the folds are made according to the generators which have a reduced inertia compared to the others.
  • the drawback of this technique is that fold marks on the ribs remain after this bending operation.
  • the metal is subjected to stresses exceeding the elastic limit or the modulus of elasticity of this metal.
  • the object of the invention is to produce such a type of parts while endeavoring to carry out the shaping of the sheet in the form of a ferrule after having carried out all the necessary machining operations on the flat sheet, in order to avoid recourse to chemical machining.
  • a first main object of the invention is a method of manufacturing an annular part with an axis of revolution, from a flat sheet whose shape is pre-dimensioned for this purpose.
  • Such bending by progressive deformation of the sheet allows it to be machined before carrying out this shaping.
  • the implementation of this method is preferably done using internal supports intended to guide the internal surface of the sheet during the deformation.
  • Holding brackets can each be placed opposite an internal support to keep the sheet thus deformed.
  • Such thermal expansion treatment can also be followed by a thermal calibration phase.
  • the method according to the invention applies in particular to the manufacture of a conical titanium shell, ribbed with shapes to be shaped on at least one of the surfaces of the sheet, the machining of all these shapes to be shaped taking place before shaping by bending the sheet.
  • the turntable is advantageously completed by several internal supports fixed in an adjustable manner with respect to the turntable to guide the internal surface of the sheet during bending.
  • fixing brackets advantageously complete this tool, each bracket being placed opposite an internal support, to prevent the sheet from deforming once it has been bent.
  • These internal supports are preferably produced in the form of a half-cylinder, the effective points of support being constituted by the generator of each half-cylinder furthest from the axis of the turntable.
  • the fixing flange and the fixing block are not joined to the flange and the movable block, to leave a light on each side of the sheet at the junction of the two ends to be welded, in order to allow the weld before the tools are removed from the formed part.
  • the tool comprises hooks fixed on the movable flange and intended to be hung around the fixing flange and fixing blocks, adjusting screws being screwed into the hooks to allow the complete bringing together of the two ends opposite to solder.
  • the welding head can advantageously be mounted on the turntable, movable in translation along the junction to be welded.
  • an argon circulation must be provided in the assembly of the two mobile and forming blocks.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1F illustrate the bending according to the invention of a sheet 2 followed by a welding phase of this sheet 2.
  • a sheet 2 can be distinguished, a first end 3 of which is fixed on a turntable 6 around a vertical axis 7.
  • first fixing means consisting of a fixing block 10 and d are used.
  • 'a fixing flange 36 The sheet 2 is thus fixed tangentially to this turntable 6.
  • a roller 4 mounted rotating around a second axis 5 is placed next to the turntable 6, so that its periphery is very close to the fixing block 10 of the turntable 6 when the latter is rotated.
  • This roller 4 is a pressure roller.
  • the fixing block 10 of the turntable 6 drives the sheet 2 around the turntable 6.
  • the presence of the pressure roller 4 keeps the sheet near the turntable 6 by pressing on its external surface 2E. It follows a start of winding of the sheet 2 by twisting or bending around the turntable 6.
  • several internal supports 8 are fixed to the periphery of the turntable 6 in the same way as the fixing block 10. The top 9 of each inner support 8 is placed at a distance from the vertical axis of rotation 7 of the turntable 6 equal to the radius of the part to be obtained.
  • the sheet metal 2 is wound around the turntable 6, the pressure roller 4 applying the internal surface 2I of the sheet 2 against the tops 9 of the interior supports 8.
  • the sheet 2 is thus forced to remain in place around of the turntable 6 and the inner supports 8, whatever the stresses generated by this deformation.
  • FIG. 1D represents the end of the bending of the sheet 2 when the last internal support 8Z arrives opposite the pressure roller 4.
  • the second end 1 of sheet 2, or rear end is always free.
  • mobile fixing means have been previously fixed to this second end 1 of the sheet 2. They consist of a mobile block 11 and a mobile flange 12. This mobile flange 12 is provided with at least two hooks 13 intended to be hooked around the flange 36 and the fixing block 10 of the turntable 6.
  • the second main phase of the method according to the invention consists in welding the two ends 1 and 3 thus joined together.
  • Figure 1F symbolizes this welding operation by the arrow perpendicular to the sheet 2 indicating the junction of the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet 2.
  • the shapes of the fastening elements are such that the welding operation can be carried out before dismantling the sheet 2 thus bent on the tools.
  • the annular part thus formed 20 has therefore been bent and welded.
  • the initial sheet 2 has of course been prepared and dimensioned so that, after bending, the two ends 1 and 3 are opposite one another and allow welding.
  • the formed part 20 is subjected to an expansion heat treatment. This may consist in subjecting the part 20 to a temperature in the region of 500 ° C (450 to 550 ° C) for a period of approximately four hours (between two and six hours), in particular in the case of alloy parts titanium.
  • thermal calibration After the stress relief treatment. This operation consists in heating the part obtained, so that its diameter increases very slightly, and in cooling it on a calibrated mold. The latter has the outside diameter of the internal diameter of the part to be obtained. When cooling, the part 20 therefore retracts on the template and its inside diameter corresponds exactly to the outside diameter of the template.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tool making it possible to implement the process which has just been described, and more particularly for obtaining a ferrule before a casing of a turbofan engine, at the level of the cold flow channel.
  • a ferrule is provided in titanium which is a resistant metal, having good machinability, and a relatively light density compared to the other metals.
  • This ferrule is made from a sheet whose thickness is approximately 7 mm. However, it is necessary to hollow out this sheet to make it even lighter.
  • These recesses 21 are provided so that the ribs 22 remain on the surface of the part, so that the latter retains sufficient rigidity. Numerous shapes are provided in such a ferrule 20. For example, two bosses 23 have been shown on this ferrule 20. The ferrule 20 is therefore a part frequently and irregularly having extra thicknesses.
  • the initial sheet 2 is shown with the shape of an elongated rectangle slightly twisted. Such a shape therefore corresponds to the developed shape of the final ferrule 20.
  • the sheet is in the process of bending.
  • stirrups 14 which have already been placed opposite their corresponding internal supports 8. They are mounted by their respective feet 15, preferably on a base 24 of the tool. The latter is mounted on the turntable 6 of a machine 29. Radial grooves 17 allow the positioning of the tool on this turntable 6.
  • the fixing block is covered with a fixing flange 36 which pass through at least two groups of fixing screws 37 which fix this first end 3 of the sheet relative to the fixing block. Holes are provided for this purpose in the sheet.
  • the second end 1 of the sheet has been shown in its initial form, that is to say flat.
  • the internal face 21 is therefore still visible and is intended to be applied against the last internal support 8Z, the support half-cylinder of which is still visible.
  • FIG. 3 shows in detail the fixing stirrups 14 of the sheet on the interior supports 8.
  • These stirrups 14 consist of a metal bar terminated by a hook 28 which is housed behind the upper part of the interior support 8, in a notch 27.
  • the pressure applied to the external surface of the sheet is obtained by screwing several screws 18 screwed into the main part of the stirrup 14 and whose enlarged end acts by pressure on the sheet.
  • the fixing of these stirrups 14 on the internal supports 8 is also made in the lower part thanks to a notch 25 formed in the lower part of the stirrup 14 and a fixing bolt 26 mounted in the foot 15 of each of the internal supports 8.
  • the internal supports are mounted by their feet 15 by means of screws 51 on the base 24. Oblong holes 50 in the feet 15 make it possible to adapt this tool to several different diameters of ferrules to be obtained. Thus, by spreading the interior supports more or less 8 it is easy to increase or decrease the diameter of the part to be obtained.
  • the adjustment of the position of the internal supports 8 can be obtained by means of a stop 30 into which is screwed an adjustment screw 31 acting at the base of the foot 15 of each internal support 8.
  • the operational part of the internal supports 8 has been shown in the form of a half-cylinder 9, the generator of which being at the top of the latter is the part on which the sheet is supported.
  • This type of interior support is only one embodiment, other equivalent elements that can be imagined and used to produce a series of sufficient supports inside the sheet.
  • FIG. 4 corresponds to the phase of the process represented by FIG. 1E.
  • the sheet is completely bent and forms a ferrule 20, the two ends 1 and 3 glued being one against the other.
  • This Figure 4 shows in detail the means for fixing the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet, so that they are joined against one another.
  • the fixing block is covered with the fixing flange 36 covering the first end 3.
  • the second end 1 of the sheet is covered by the movable flange 12 which passes through two other groups of fixing screws 35 which fix this second end in the block of fixation.
  • hooks 13 shown in FIGS. 1D, 1E are fixed on the movable flange 12. Their shape allows them to hang behind the block and the fixing flange 36. Once put in place, they are locked in this position by a fixing bar 32 held tight against the fixing flange by means of two bolts 33.
  • the fixing flange 36 and the movable flange 12, once the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet are joined against one another form a groove 34 at the bottom of which is the junction plane of these two ends 1 and 3. This groove allows welding of the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet before the tool for clamping and holding the sheet is removed.
  • FIG. 5 The operation of the fixing mechanism of these two ends 1 and 3 is explained by FIG. 5.
  • the fixing block 10 Fixed on the base.
  • the first end 3 of the sheet which is held against it by the fixing flange 36.
  • the movable block 11 and the movable flange 12 are the movable flange 12 in which the second is fixed. end 1 of the sheet.
  • the assembly or movable block 11 has a shape complementary to that of the fixing block 10 in order to be able to be housed therein.
  • the bolt 33 is introduced into a hole made through the hook 13.
  • the complete screwing allows the hook 13 to be placed behind the block 10 and the fixing flange 36 and thereby place the second end 1 of the sheet against the first 3.
  • the tool according to the invention provides for the use of a tension screw 40 screwed into the hook 13 and being able to protrude inside of it to come to bear against the fixing block 10. A screwing of this tensioning screw 40 makes it possible to tension the sheet by bringing the second end 1 closer to the sheet from the first 3.
  • a pipe 41 which opens into the interior of the slot 34 formed by the fixing block 10 and the movable block 11 below the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet.
  • This pipe 41 symbolizes a gas inlet network, preferably argon, to ensure minimum gas circulation during the welding operation which is carried out when the clamping tool is still mounted on the sheet.
  • This same tool for fixing the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet is also detailed in in another way in FIG. 6.
  • This in fact represents the fixing block 10 into which the movable flange must be inserted.
  • this fixing block 10 has a cavity 42 making it possible to delimit a part of the slot which must be placed under the junction point of the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet. In this cavity 42 open several pipes 41 allowing the supply of argon during the welding.
  • the movable flange 12 At the upper and lower ends of the movable flange 12 is placed another adjusting screw 44 for positioning the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet. Indeed, the bending of the initial sheet 2 which can have relatively irregular shapes and thicknesses can lead to the fact that the two ends 1 and 3 of this sheet are not strictly opposite one another. It is then necessary to adjust the height of one of these ends relative to the other. By using the adjustment screws 44 screwed into two positioning tabs 45 of the movable block 11 and coming to bear against the fixing block 10, it is thus possible to make this adjustment.
  • the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet can thus be positioned with precision, as shown by the arrows, before the welding is carried out.
  • the operation consisting in welding the two ends 1 and 3 of the sheet is preferably carried out when the bending and fixing tool on this tool is still fixed on the bent sheet. It is even provided that the welding head is mounted on the machine or the frame of the machine supporting the turntable 6. This assembly can be carried out so as to that the welding head is mounted movable in translation to perform welding along the entire height of the sheet to weld in a single operation the bent sheet.
  • the turntable 6 can be mounted on a support itself mounted pivoting about a vertical axis 16 so as to rotate 90 ° the entire turntable and l 'tool so as to put the ferrule thus formed in a position where its axis of revolution is horizontal.
  • the welding head can thus be used if it is mounted movable in horizontal translation on the frame 29 on which the tool is mounted.
  • a main advantage of the invention is that all of the machining which it is necessary to perform on the shell in order to be able to manufacture complicated parts, such as a shell before a crankcase of a two-phase turbojet engine, can be done before this bending operation.
  • the chemical machining used beforehand to shape the shapes after the shell has been formed requires bubbling in tanks.
  • the shape of a ferrule requires the use of very large tanks, which makes the process difficult and expensive.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that it simply requires the presence of a frame or a turntable machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
EP92400625A 1991-03-14 1992-03-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines ringförmigen Werkstückes aus Blech Expired - Lifetime EP0504039B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9103066 1991-03-14
FR9103066A FR2673863B1 (fr) 1991-03-14 1991-03-14 Procede et outillage de fabrication d'une piece annulaire en tole.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0504039A1 true EP0504039A1 (de) 1992-09-16
EP0504039B1 EP0504039B1 (de) 1995-12-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92400625A Expired - Lifetime EP0504039B1 (de) 1991-03-14 1992-03-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines ringförmigen Werkstückes aus Blech

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Country Link
US (1) US5341665A (de)
EP (1) EP0504039B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69207034T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2673863B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107738054A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-27 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 焊接式机匣的焊接定位方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE50003665D1 (de) * 2000-12-04 2003-10-16 Trumpf Werkzeugmaschinen Gmbh Maschine für die Bearbeitung von Werkstücken, insbesondere von Blechen, mit wenigstens einer Biegestation sowie wenigstens einer Fügevorrichtung
GB2425079B (en) * 2005-04-11 2007-08-22 Rolls Royce Plc Method of manufacturing a duct for a gas turbine engine
US8881396B2 (en) 2011-02-07 2014-11-11 Revcor, Inc. Method of manufacturing a fan assembly
US9452464B2 (en) 2011-07-06 2016-09-27 Federal-Mogul Corporation Method of forming a tubular member
US11274677B2 (en) 2018-10-25 2022-03-15 Revcor, Inc. Blower assembly

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1223970A (fr) * 1958-05-14 1960-06-21 Bell Ag Maschf Dispositif de courbage, calibrage, soudage et lissage d'éléments de tôle pour la fabrication d'enveloppes
BE838202A (fr) * 1976-02-02 1976-05-28 Procede de construction de reservoirs metalliques
US3978704A (en) * 1975-08-01 1976-09-07 Rudolf Naumovich Fridman Cone shell making machine
FR2311607A1 (fr) * 1975-05-20 1976-12-17 Mediterranee Const Navale Indl Procede de fabrication d'enveloppes cylindriques de grand diametre
EP0136581A1 (de) * 1983-09-06 1985-04-10 Societe Nouvelle Des Constructions Soudees Du Coteau Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung grosser zylindrischer Metallkörper

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US2315535A (en) * 1940-04-16 1943-04-06 American Can Co Blank feeder for can bodymakers
SU411940A1 (de) * 1969-09-08 1974-01-25
US4082935A (en) * 1976-07-19 1978-04-04 Torin Corporation Apparatus and method for making wheel rim blanks and the like
JPS5781924A (en) * 1980-09-19 1982-05-22 Maikeru Hiyuumu Kenesu Method and apparatus for bending plate
JPS58187227A (ja) * 1982-04-24 1983-11-01 Nittoku Kaihatsu Center:Kk ロツクブツシユの製造方法
SU1074622A2 (ru) * 1982-12-13 1984-02-23 Предприятие П/Я Р-6500 Устройство дл гибки обечаек из листовых заготовок
CH671893A5 (de) * 1987-05-05 1989-10-13 Elpatronic Ag

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1223970A (fr) * 1958-05-14 1960-06-21 Bell Ag Maschf Dispositif de courbage, calibrage, soudage et lissage d'éléments de tôle pour la fabrication d'enveloppes
FR2311607A1 (fr) * 1975-05-20 1976-12-17 Mediterranee Const Navale Indl Procede de fabrication d'enveloppes cylindriques de grand diametre
US3978704A (en) * 1975-08-01 1976-09-07 Rudolf Naumovich Fridman Cone shell making machine
BE838202A (fr) * 1976-02-02 1976-05-28 Procede de construction de reservoirs metalliques
EP0136581A1 (de) * 1983-09-06 1985-04-10 Societe Nouvelle Des Constructions Soudees Du Coteau Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung grosser zylindrischer Metallkörper

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 28 (M-274)(1465) 7 Février 1984 & JP-A-58 187 227 ( NITSUTOKU ) 1 Novembre 1983 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107738054A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2018-02-27 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 焊接式机匣的焊接定位方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2673863A1 (fr) 1992-09-18
US5341665A (en) 1994-08-30
EP0504039B1 (de) 1995-12-27
FR2673863B1 (fr) 1995-05-19
DE69207034D1 (de) 1996-02-08
DE69207034T2 (de) 1996-05-30

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