EP0500550A1 - Isolator switch for metal-clad, compressed-gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear. - Google Patents

Isolator switch for metal-clad, compressed-gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear.

Info

Publication number
EP0500550A1
EP0500550A1 EP90914126A EP90914126A EP0500550A1 EP 0500550 A1 EP0500550 A1 EP 0500550A1 EP 90914126 A EP90914126 A EP 90914126A EP 90914126 A EP90914126 A EP 90914126A EP 0500550 A1 EP0500550 A1 EP 0500550A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching pin
main switching
spring
pin
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90914126A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0500550B1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Lorenz
Ingo Seubert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0500550A1 publication Critical patent/EP0500550A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0500550B1 publication Critical patent/EP0500550B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H33/121—Load break switches
    • H01H33/122—Load break switches both breaker and sectionaliser being enclosed, e.g. in SF6-filled container
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/32—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable contact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker for metal-encapsulated, pressurized gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear with a separating section between field electrodes, which can be bridged by a tubular movable main switch pin, the fixed counter contact of which is hollow, in which the movable main switch pin contains an auxiliary switch pin which corresponds to that of the End facing the separating distance penetrates a clamping ring in the interior of the main switching pin and is surrounded by a spring which extends between the clamping ring and a stop on the auxiliary switching pin, the auxiliary switching pin being in the rest position inside the movable main switching pin and in the switched-on position of the isolating switch on a hollow counter-contact of the main switch pin lying, spring-loaded counter-contact comes to the system and remains at the beginning of the switch-off movement of the movable main switch pin until it is released by the spring after a stationary inn mechanical control mounted above the field electrode is returned to the rest position at a greater speed than the movement of the movable main
  • the triggering of the switch-off movement of the auxiliary switching pin is precisely adjustable in the known disconnector, but such a latch is not free of friction. Therefore, at least the parts that come into contact with each other when they are latched require certain material properties, and wear and the associated influencing of the triggering time cannot be avoided with certainty.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of simplifying the construction of such a circuit breaker and making the triggering of the auxiliary switching pin largely frictionless, so that it is independent of wear.
  • the mechanical control includes a rotatably mounted, self-locking lever arrangement which does not hinder the switch-on movement of the auxiliary switch pin and holds it in place at the start of the switch-off movement of the main switch pin until it stops a guide surface connected to the main switching pin is deflected.
  • the contacting or the potential connection between the mating contact and the auxiliary switching pin is only in the switched-on position by a contact between the two oppositely spring-loaded parts (auxiliary switching pin and associated mating contact). achieved. If the blocking of the auxiliary switching pin in the switched-on position is now released by the mechanical control, then no frictional resistance is counteracted when the auxiliary switching pin snaps back at high speed.
  • the tripping point that has been set remains unchanged regardless of the service life of the disconnector or the number of trips already carried out.
  • the counter contact of the auxiliary switching pin has a spring-loaded shield electrode, which is in the rest position in an opening of the field electrode, on which the main switching pin also comes to rest and presses it into the interior of the field electrode in the switched-on position , and when the spring acting on the shield electrode causes an acceleration which is greater than the acceleration of the auxiliary switching pin during the switch-off movement until the rest position of the shield electrode is reached.
  • the shield electrode which forms the mating contact of the auxiliary switching pin, is pressed out of its rest position by the main switching pin, and the spring surrounding the mating contact of the auxiliary switching pin is thus biased.
  • the bias of the spring and the counter-contact is during the switching-off movement of the main switching pin by the automatic jamming of the lever arrangement of the mechanical control, which locks the auxiliary switching pin in the switched-on position, ie. H. in contact with the pressed-back shield electrode, initially maintained.
  • a return spring presses the lever arrangement against a stop in the rest position.
  • This stop can be fixed or movable.
  • the lever arrangement contains two levers arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the main switching pin, which are connected by the return spring and pressed against a central extension of the auxiliary switching pin. This also achieves simple centering of the auxiliary switching pin.
  • the lever ends of the lever arrangement which abut a stop or a guide surface with a roller in order to reduce the friction within the mechanical control.
  • the guide surface of the mechanical control connected to the main switching pin is designed as a cam which has an area running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the movable main switching pin. This also allows the triggering time to be set more precisely.
  • Figures 1 to 12 relate to the first embodiment and each show a longitudinal section through the circuit breaker, with Figures 1 and 2 corresponding, but Figure 1 has a larger scale than the other figures.
  • FIG. 13 shows the second somewhat modified embodiment game as a longitudinal section through the circuit breaker also on a larger scale corresponding to Figure 1.
  • the same reference numbers are used in all figures for the same parts.
  • the isolating switch 1 of a metal-encapsulated, with compressed gas, in particular SF g , insulated high-voltage switchgear lies in a tubular, metallic, grounded encapsulation 2.
  • a metal-encapsulated, with compressed gas in particular SF g
  • insulated high-voltage switchgear lies in a tubular, metallic, grounded encapsulation 2.
  • movable main switching pin 3 and the likewise tubular, only indicated fixed mating contact 4 both the movable main switching pin 3 and the mating contact 4 are surrounded by shielding field electrodes 5, the distance of which from the encapsulation 2 is not shown to scale.
  • the isolating section 6 Between the end faces of the two field electrodes 5 there is the isolating section 6 indicated by arrows. It is bridged by the movable main switching pin 3 in the switched-on position of the isolating switch 1.
  • the drive of the main switching pin 3 is not shown for better clarity. However, as is usual with isolating switches, it causes a relatively slow movement of the main switching pin 3. Therefore, in the interior of the tubular movable main switching pin 3, a centrally arranged auxiliary switching pin 7 is provided which, when the switch-on movement is at rest, in the interior of the main switching pin 3 remains and is driven by a special spring 8 at a higher speed than that of the main switching pin 3 during the switch-off movement.
  • the spring 8 surrounds the auxiliary switching pin 7 and is designed as a pressure spring. So that it can be clamped in a simple manner, the auxiliary switching pin 7, with its front end 9 facing the isolating section 6, passes through a clamping ring 10 located in the interior of the main switching pin 3, on which it is in the rest position, with the aid of a front stop 11, in which it is inside the main switch pin, comes to the system.
  • a clamping ring 10 located in the interior of the main switching pin 3, on which it is in the rest position, with the aid of a front stop 11, in which it is inside the main switch pin, comes to the system.
  • an adjusting screw 13 is provided, which widens conically. The pretension of the spring 8 can be adjusted by changing the position of the adjusting screw 13 on the auxiliary switching pin 7.
  • a mechanical control 14 for triggering the switch-off movement of the auxiliary switching pin 7 is arranged in the interior of the field electrode 5 surrounding the main switching pin 3.
  • the lever arrangement of this mechanical control 14 consists of a two-armed angle lever 15, which is fixed in position in the fulcrum 16. This angle lever 15 is pressed in its rest position by the return spring 17 against the stationary stop 18. The ends of the two-armed angle lever 15 are deflected during the switching movement of the disconnector and are therefore provided with rollers, namely with the locking roller 19 which faces the auxiliary switching pin 7 and the switching roller 20 at the other end of the angle lever 15.
  • the guide surface 21 for the switching roller 20 is connected to the main switching pin 3 via a bracket 22 and has two conically inclined, converging stop surfaces 23, 24, between which a region 25 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the main switching pin 3 extends.
  • the inclination of the stop surface 24 is flatter than the radius of curvature of the lever arm of the angle lever 15 facing it.
  • the switching roller 19, on the other hand, is deflected by the conical surface 26 of the adjusting screw 13 and the end face 27 of the adjusting screw 13 causes the self-locking jamming or Blocking of the angle lever 15 against the stop 18.
  • the counter contact for the auxiliary switching pin 7, which is designed as a shield electrode 28, is spring-loaded with a compression spring 29.
  • the shield electrode 28 lies in the front opening 30 of the field electrode 5 of the mating contact 4.
  • the surface of the shield electrode 28 is chosen so large that not only the end face 31 of the auxiliary switching pin 7 but also the end face 32 of the main switching pin 3 comes into contact with it.
  • the disconnector 1 designed in accordance with the invention functions as follows:
  • FIG. 2 shows, like FIG. 1, the switch-off position of the disconnector in which the auxiliary switching pin 7 is located inside the movable main switching pin 3.
  • the two-armed angle lever 15 of the mechanical control 14 is also in the rest position and is therefore pressed by the return spring 17 against the stop 18.
  • the locking roller 19 and the switching roller 20 have no contact with other surfaces.
  • FIG. 3 shows the start of the switch-on movement of the movable main switching pin 3, indicated by the arrow 33. This has already moved so far into the separating section 6 that the stop surface 24 of the guide surface 21 facing the main switching pin 3 has come into contact with the switching roller 20 of the angle lever 15 .
  • the guide surface 21 deflects the angle lever 15 via the switching roller 20 until the switching roller 20 is initially in the region 25 of the guide surface 21 (FIG. 4) and then, after rolling on the stop surface 23, makes contact Leads guide surface 21 so that the angle lever 15 is pressed again by the return spring 17 against the stop 18 and thus assumes its rest position ( Figure 5).
  • the main switching pin 3 takes the auxiliary switching pin 7 with it when it is switched on.
  • the locking roller 19 comes to rest on the conical surface 26 of the adjusting screw 13 before the main switching pin 3 has bridged the entire separation distance 6.
  • the blocking roller 19 runs when the switch-on continues Movement up on the conical surface 26 and thus in turn deflects the two-armed angle lever 15 from its rest position ( Figure 6), so that the adjusting screw 13 can pass the angle lever 15 without resistance.
  • the main switching pin 3 comes to bear against the shield electrode 28, which forms the counter contact for the auxiliary switching pin 7, and pushes it out of its rest position, the compression spring 29 being tensioned.
  • the main switching pin 3, together with the auxiliary switching pin 7, continues its switch-on movement until it has reached the switch-on position shown in FIG. 7, in which the main switching pin 3 is in contact with the mating contact 4 and with its end face 32, the shield electrode 28 in its end position pressed into the inside of the field electrode 5 and in the process tensioned the compression spring 29.
  • the end face 31 of the auxiliary switching pin 7 also abuts the shield electrode 28.
  • the isolating switch 1 is therefore closed and the current is transferred from the main switching pin 3 to the counter contact 4 and there is a potential connection between the auxiliary switching pin 7 and its counter contact formed by the shield electrode 28.
  • the angle lever 15 of the mechanical control 14 is also in the rest position in the switched-on position.
  • FIG. 8 shows the beginning of the switching-off movement of the main switching pin 3, identified by the arrow 34.
  • the compression spring 29 first relaxes, so that the shield electrode 28 follows the main switching pin 3 somewhat and remains against its end face 32, pressing the end face 31 of the auxiliary switching pin 7 in front of it.
  • the end face 27 of the adjusting screw 13 comes into contact with the blocking roller 19 of the mechanical control 14 before the shield electrode 28 has reached the rest position, the latter automatically jams because the angle lever 15 is pressed against the stop 18.
  • both the shield electrode 28 and the auxiliary switching pin 7 are prevented from moving further. switching direction prevented.
  • the main switching pin 3 has therefore already separated from the mating contact 4, while the potential connection between the auxiliary switching pin 7 and the shield electrode 28 is still maintained.
  • the position of the guide surface 21 and the sum of the lever arms of the angle lever 15 is now such that, at a predetermined distance 35 shown by arrows between the field electrode 5 of the mating contact 4 and the end face 32 of the main switching pin 3, the angle lever 15 by the stop - Area 23 has reached its maximum deflection via the switching roller 20, so that it is pushed away from the rest position and comes to rest on the area 25, with the locking roller 19 being lifted over the end face 27 of the adjusting screw 13, so that the mechanical control 14 no longer holds the auxiliary switching pin 7 (FIG. 10).
  • the distance 35 which determines this triggering time is selected such that it corresponds to the required dielectric strength between the field electrode 5 and the main switching pin 3.
  • the auxiliary switching pin 7 By releasing the spring 8, the auxiliary switching pin 7 is drawn into the interior of the main switching pin 3 at high speed, which continues to move in the direction of switching off. However, since the pressure of the compression spring 29 is selected so that it exerts an acceleration on the shield electrode 28 which is greater than the acceleration exerted by the spring 8 on the auxiliary switching pin 7, the auxiliary switching pin 7 initially remains in potential bond with the shield electrodes 28 until it has reached its rest position. The auxiliary switching pin 7 accelerates already, so that at the moment of separation from the shield electrode 28 it already has a high speed, which is then increased still further. This improves the ability of the isolating switch 1 to extinguish an arc, as occurs when switching magnetizing currents from transformers. After the auxiliary switching pin 7 has reached its end position in the main switching pin 3, the two then move back together to the switch-off position (FIGS. 1, 2).
  • a small magnetizing current can be conducted via the spring 8 of the auxiliary switching pin 7 and the compression spring 29 of the shield electrode 28.
  • it is necessary to insulate the spring 8 on one side which can be achieved by a bushing 36 made of insulating material arranged between the clamping ring 10 and the spring 8. Otherwise, this bushing 36 can be dispensed with.
  • the sum of the lever arms of the two-armed angle lever 15 corresponds approximately to the distance 35 which the main switching pin 3 has when it is switched off from the counterelectrode 5 when the auxiliary switching pin is triggered.
  • the end face 27 of the adjusting screw 13 must be located exactly below the intersection between the stop face 23 and the parallel region 25 of the guide face 21. If, on the other hand, the adjusting screw 13 is set so that in the switch-off position there is a distance 37, indicated by arrows in FIG. 1, between the end face 27 and the intersection 23/25, then this distance 37, which is positive (if it is in the switch-off direction) or negative (in the switch-on direction) can be taken into account accordingly.
  • the adjusting screw 13 not only affects the bias of the spring 8th
  • FIG. 13 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the isolating switch Ters 1 shown according to the invention, in which the mechanical control 14 has a somewhat modified shape.
  • FIG. 13 shows the main switching pin 3 at the start of the switch-off movement 34 at a point in time at which the auxiliary switching pin 7 still rests with its end face 31 on the shield electrode 28. This is not yet in its rest position, but is held in place by the auxiliary switching pin 7 when the compression spring 29 is under tension, because the auxiliary switching pin 7 prevents it from being switched off by the blocking by the mechanical control 14.
  • the mechanical control 14 consists of two two-armed levers 38 arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the main switching pin 3, each of which carries a switching roller 20 and a locking roller 19 at the ends and is mounted in a stationary manner in the pivot point 16.
  • the return spring 17 tries to pull the two ends of the lever 38 carrying the locking roller 19 together. These rest in the rest position against a stop formed by a central extension 39 of the auxiliary switching pin 7.
  • the auxiliary control pin is thus additionally centered by the mechanical control 14.
  • the guide surfaces 21 for deflecting the switching rollers 20 are arranged directly on the main switching pin 3 in this isolating switch 1. They are conically inclined towards the inner bore 40 of the main switching pin 3 and are dimensioned such that, at the desired point in time according to the position of the main switching pin 3 in the separating section 6 during the switch-off movement, the blocking rollers 19 lift off the stop and the auxiliary switching pin 7 is released .
  • a protective tube 41 is provided which surrounds the spring 8 of the auxiliary switching pin 7. In this way it is prevented that the locking rollers 19 come into contact with the gears of the spring 8.
  • the length of the protective tube 41 is chosen so that the spring 8 is protected in every position of the auxiliary switching pin 7.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE90/00722 Sec. 371 Date May 18, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date May 18, 1992 PCT Filed Sep. 19, 1990 PCT Pub. No. WO91/07768 PCT Pub. Date May 30, 1991.In an isolating switch for metal-clad, compressed-gas insulated high-voltage switchgear, a mechanical control unit containing a rotatably supported lever arrangement. The lever arrangement locks automatically in a neutral position and retains an auxiliary contact pin until it is released by a guide surface connected to the main contact pin. A mating contact of the auxiliary contact pin is also spring-loaded and follows this auxiliary contact pin somewhat after being released, initially while maintaining the equipotential bonding.

Description

Trennschalter für metallgekapselte, druckgasisolierte Hoch- spannungsschaltanlagenDisconnector for metal-encapsulated, compressed gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Trennschalter für metall- gekapselte, druckgasisolierte Hochspannungsschaltanlagen mit einer zwischen Feldelektroden liegenden Trennstrecke, die durch einen rohrförmigen beweglichen Hauptschaltstift überbrückbar ist, dessen fester Gegenkontakt hohl ausgebildet ist, bei dem der bewegliche Hauptschaltstift einen Hilfsschaltstift enthalt, der mit dem der Trennstrecke zugewandten Ende einen Spannring im Innern des Hauptschaltstiftes durchsetzt und von einer Feder umgeben ist, die sich zwischen dem Spannring und einem Anschlag am Hilfsschaltstift erstreckt, wobei der Hilfsschaltstift in Ruhestellung im Innern des beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes liegt und in Einschaltstellung des Trennschalters an einem im hohlen Gegenkontakt des Hauptschaltstifts liegenden, federbelasteten Gegenkontakt zur Anlage gelangt und bei Beginn der Ausschaltbe¬ wegung des beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes so verbleibt, bis er durch die Feder nach Freigabe durch eine ortsfest innerhalb der Feldelektrode gelagerte mechanische Steuerung mit einer gegen¬ über der Bewegung des beweglichen Hauptschaϊtstiftes größeren Geschwindigkeit in die Ruhelage zurückgeführt wird.The invention relates to a circuit breaker for metal-encapsulated, pressurized gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear with a separating section between field electrodes, which can be bridged by a tubular movable main switch pin, the fixed counter contact of which is hollow, in which the movable main switch pin contains an auxiliary switch pin which corresponds to that of the End facing the separating distance penetrates a clamping ring in the interior of the main switching pin and is surrounded by a spring which extends between the clamping ring and a stop on the auxiliary switching pin, the auxiliary switching pin being in the rest position inside the movable main switching pin and in the switched-on position of the isolating switch on a hollow counter-contact of the main switch pin lying, spring-loaded counter-contact comes to the system and remains at the beginning of the switch-off movement of the movable main switch pin until it is released by the spring after a stationary inn mechanical control mounted above the field electrode is returned to the rest position at a greater speed than the movement of the movable main shaft pin.
Ein derartiger Trennschalter ist aus der EP 0 066 533 Bl bekannt. Bei dem bekannten Trennschalter sind sowohl der Hilfs¬ schaltstift als auch sein Gegenkomtakt jeweils von einer Feder umgeben, welche die Bewegung des Hilfsschaltstiftes und des Gegenkontaktes in Ausschaltrichtung bewirken. Bei der Einschalt¬ stellung wird für die Kontaktierung eine formschlüssige Verbin- düng zwischen dem Hilfsschaltstift und seinem Gegenkontakt durch eine Verklinkung erreicht, weshalb einer der beiden Teile jeweils eine Winkelbewegung durchführen muß. Beim Ausschalten des Trennschalters wird die Auslösung dieser Winkelbewegung und somit die Freigabe des Hilfsschaltstiftes zu einem vorher bestimmten Zeitpunkt in Abhängigkeit von der Lage des Haupt¬ schaltstiftes durch eine mechanische Steuerung bewirkt, nämlich dann, wenn der Hauptschaltstift zur Feldelektrode des Gegenkon¬ taktes den notwendigen dielektrischen Abstand erreicht hat, der eine Spannungsfestigkeit gewährleistet. Danach wird der Hilfs¬ schaltstift von seiner Feder mit einer größeren Geschwindigkeit zurückgezogen, als sie der Antrieb des Hauptschaltstiftes für diesen hervorruft. Deshalb können mit dem bekannten Trennschal¬ ter auch Lichtbögen geringe Stromstärken ohne Schaden gelöscht werden, wie sie z. B. beim Ausschalten von unbelasteten Transformatoren auftreten.Such a circuit breaker is known from EP 0 066 533 B1. In the known isolating switch, both the auxiliary switching pin and its mating contact are each surrounded by a spring, which bring about the movement of the auxiliary switching pin and the mating contact in the opening direction. In the switch-on position, a positive connection between the auxiliary switching pin and its counter-contact is achieved for the contacting by means of a latch, which is why one of the two parts must each perform an angular movement. When the disconnector is switched off, this angular movement is triggered and thus the auxiliary switching pin is released at a predetermined time depending on the position of the main switching pin by a mechanical control, namely when the main switching pin to the field electrode of the counter contact has reached the necessary dielectric distance, which ensures dielectric strength. The auxiliary switching pin is then pulled back by its spring at a higher speed than the main switching pin drives for it. Therefore, with the known isolating switch, arcs can also be extinguished at low currents without damage, such as that which occurs in e.g. B. occur when switching off unloaded transformers.
Die Auslösung der Ausschaltbewegung des Hilfsschaltstiftes ist zwar bei dem bekannten Trennschalter genau einstellbar, doch ist eine derartige Verklinkung nicht reibungsfrei. Deshalb erfordern zumindest die bei der Verklinkung in Berührung miteinander gelangenden Teile bestimmte Werkstoffeigenschaften und eine Abnutzung und eine damit verbundene Beeinflussung des Auslösezeitpunktes läßt sich trotzdem nicht mit Sicherheit vermeiden.The triggering of the switch-off movement of the auxiliary switching pin is precisely adjustable in the known disconnector, but such a latch is not free of friction. Therefore, at least the parts that come into contact with each other when they are latched require certain material properties, and wear and the associated influencing of the triggering time cannot be avoided with certainty.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, den Aufbau eines derartigen Trennschalters zu vereinfachen und die Auslö¬ sung des Hilfsschaltstiftes weitgehend reibungsfrei zu gestalten, so daß sie von Abnutzung unabhängig ist.The invention is therefore based on the object of simplifying the construction of such a circuit breaker and making the triggering of the auxiliary switching pin largely frictionless, so that it is independent of wear.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe enthält bei einem Trennschalter der eingangs beschriebenen Art gemäß der Erfindung die mechanische Steuerung eine drehbar gelagerte, sich in Ruhelage selbsttätig verklemmende Hebelanordnung, welche die Einschaltbewegung des Hilfsschaltstiftes nicht behindert und ihn bei Beginn der Ausschaltbewegung des Hauptschaltstiftes solange festhält, bis er durch eine mit dem Hauptschaltstift verbundene Führungs¬ fläche ausgelenkt wird. Die Kontaktierung bzw. die Potential¬ verbindung zwischen dem Gegenkontakt und dem Hilfsschaltstift wird dabei in der Einschaltstellung lediglich durch eine Anlage zwischen den beiden jeweils entgegengesetzt federbelasteten Teilen (Hilfsschaltstift und dazugehöriger Gegenkontakt) erzielt. Wird nun durch die mechanische Steuerung die Sperrung des Hilfschaltstiftes in der Einschaltstellung aufgehoben, so wird dem Zurückschnellen des Hilfsschaltstiftes mit hoher Geschwindigkeit keinerlei Reibungswiderstand entgegengesetzt. Mithin bleibt der einmal eingestellte Auslösezeitpunkt unabhängig von der Betriebslebensdauer des Trennschalters bzw. von der Zahl der bereits durchgeführten Ausschaltungen unverändert erhalten.To achieve this object, in a disconnector of the type described at the outset according to the invention, the mechanical control includes a rotatably mounted, self-locking lever arrangement which does not hinder the switch-on movement of the auxiliary switch pin and holds it in place at the start of the switch-off movement of the main switch pin until it stops a guide surface connected to the main switching pin is deflected. The contacting or the potential connection between the mating contact and the auxiliary switching pin is only in the switched-on position by a contact between the two oppositely spring-loaded parts (auxiliary switching pin and associated mating contact). achieved. If the blocking of the auxiliary switching pin in the switched-on position is now released by the mechanical control, then no frictional resistance is counteracted when the auxiliary switching pin snaps back at high speed. The tripping point that has been set remains unchanged regardless of the service life of the disconnector or the number of trips already carried out.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn, in Weiterbildung der Erfindung, der Gegenkontakt des Hilfsschaltstiftes eine federbelastete, in Ruhelage in einer Öffnung der Feldelektrode liegende Schirm¬ elektrode aufweist, an der auch der Hauptschaltstift zur Anlage gelangt und sie in der Einschaltstellung in das Innere der Feldelektrode drückt, und wenn die auf die Schirmelektrode ein¬ wirkende Feder eine Beschleunigung bewirkt, die bis zum Errei¬ chen der Ruhelage der Schirmelektrode größer als die Beschleu¬ nigung des Hilfsschaltstiftes bei der Ausschaltbewegung ist.It is advantageous if, in a further development of the invention, the counter contact of the auxiliary switching pin has a spring-loaded shield electrode, which is in the rest position in an opening of the field electrode, on which the main switching pin also comes to rest and presses it into the interior of the field electrode in the switched-on position , and when the spring acting on the shield electrode causes an acceleration which is greater than the acceleration of the auxiliary switching pin during the switch-off movement until the rest position of the shield electrode is reached.
Bei dem Einschalten des Trennschalters wird also die Schirm¬ elektrode, die den Gegenkontakt des Hilfsschaltstiftes bildet, von dem Hauptschaltstift aus ihrer Ruhelage gedrückt und die den Gegenkontakt des Hilfsschaltstiftes umgebende Feder wird somit vorgespannt. Die Vorspannung der Feder und des Gegen- kontaktes wird bei der Ausschaltbewegung des Hauptschaltstiftes durch die selbsttätige Verklemmung der Hebelanordnung der mechanischen Steuerung, die eine Sperrung des Hilfsschalt¬ stiftes in der Einschaltlage, d. h. in Anlage an der zurück¬ gedrückten Schirmelektrode, bewirkt, zunächst aufrechterhalten. Erst bei Auslösung der Hebelanordnung durch die mit dem Haupt¬ schaltstift verbundene Führungsfläche und somit der Freigabe des Hilfsschaltstiftes wird die Federkraft der den Gegenkontakt umgebenden Feder in dem Sinne wirksam, daß die Schirmelektrode bis zum Erreichen ihrer Ruhelage dem Hilfsschaltstift nach- folgt, ohne daß die Potentialverbindung unterbrochen wird.When the disconnector is switched on, the shield electrode, which forms the mating contact of the auxiliary switching pin, is pressed out of its rest position by the main switching pin, and the spring surrounding the mating contact of the auxiliary switching pin is thus biased. The bias of the spring and the counter-contact is during the switching-off movement of the main switching pin by the automatic jamming of the lever arrangement of the mechanical control, which locks the auxiliary switching pin in the switched-on position, ie. H. in contact with the pressed-back shield electrode, initially maintained. Only when the lever arrangement is triggered by the guide surface connected to the main switching pin and thus the release of the auxiliary switching pin does the spring force of the spring surrounding the counter-contact become effective in the sense that the shield electrode follows the auxiliary switching pin until it reaches its rest position without the Potential connection is interrupted.
Damit erreicht man, daß sich der Hilfsschaltstift schon vor dem Aufheben der Kontaktierung beschleunigt und somit beim Trennen von der Schirmelektrode schon eine hohe Geschwindigkeit hat, die dann noch weiter gesteigert wird.This ensures that the auxiliary switching pin is already in front of the Removal of the contact accelerates and thus has a high speed when disconnecting from the shield electrode, which is then increased even further.
Es ist zweckmäßig, die selbsttätige Verklemmung der Hebelan¬ ordnung dadurch zu erzielen, daß eine Rückholfeder die Hebelan¬ ordnung in Ruhelage gegen einen Anschlag preßt. Dieser Anschlag kann ortsfest oder auch beweglich angeordnet sein. Letzteres kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß die Hebelanordnung zwei symmetrisch zur Längsachse des Hauptschaltstiftes angeordnete Hebel enthält, die durch die Rückholfeder verbunden und gegen einen mittigen Ansatz des Hilfsschaltstifts gepreßt sind. Dadurch erzielt man außerdem eine einfache Zentrierung des Hilfsschaltstiftes.It is expedient to achieve the automatic jamming of the lever arrangement in that a return spring presses the lever arrangement against a stop in the rest position. This stop can be fixed or movable. The latter can be achieved in that the lever arrangement contains two levers arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the main switching pin, which are connected by the return spring and pressed against a central extension of the auxiliary switching pin. This also achieves simple centering of the auxiliary switching pin.
Weiterhin empfiehlt es sich, zur Herabsetzung der Reibung innerhalb der mechanischen Steuerung die an einem Anschlag oder einer Führungsfläche anliegenden Hebelenden der Hebelanordnung jeweils mit einer Rolle zu versehen. Aus dem selben Grund ist es auch vorteilhaft, wenn die mit dem Hauptschaltstift verbundene Führungsfläche der mechanischen Steuerung als Nocke ausgebildet ist, die einen parallel zur Längsachse des beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes verlaufenden Bereich aufweist. Dadurch läßt sich auch der Auslösezeitpunkt genauer einstellen.Furthermore, it is advisable to provide the lever ends of the lever arrangement which abut a stop or a guide surface with a roller in order to reduce the friction within the mechanical control. For the same reason, it is also advantageous if the guide surface of the mechanical control connected to the main switching pin is designed as a cam which has an area running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the movable main switching pin. This also allows the triggering time to be set more precisely.
Im folgenden sei die Erfindung noch anhand der in den Figuren 1 bis 13 der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbei¬ spiele, auf welche die Erfindung jedoch nicht beschränkt ist, näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 13 of the drawing, to which the invention is, however, not restricted.
Die Figuren 1 bis 12 betreffen das erste Ausführungsbeispiel und zeigen jeweils einen Längsschnitt durch den Trennschalter, wobei sich die Figuren 1 und 2 entsprechen, die Figur 1 aber einen größeren Maßstab als die anderen Figuren hat.Figures 1 to 12 relate to the first embodiment and each show a longitudinal section through the circuit breaker, with Figures 1 and 2 corresponding, but Figure 1 has a larger scale than the other figures.
Figur 13 zeigt das zweite etwas abgewandelte Ausführungsbei- spiel als Längsschnitt durch den Trennschalter ebenfalls in einem der Figur 1 entsprechenden größeren Maßstab. In allen Figuren sind für die gleichen Teile die gleichen Bezugszahlen verwendet.FIG. 13 shows the second somewhat modified embodiment game as a longitudinal section through the circuit breaker also on a larger scale corresponding to Figure 1. The same reference numbers are used in all figures for the same parts.
Der Trennschalter 1 einer metallgekapselten, mit Druckgas, insbesondere SFg, isolierten Hochspannungsschaltanlage liegt in einer rohrförmigen metallischen, geerdeten Kapselung 2. Um das elektrische Feld zwischen der metallischen Kapselung 2 und dem rohrförmigen, beweglichen Hauptschaltstift 3 und dem ebenfalls rohrförmigen, nur angedeuteten festen Gegenkontakt 4 zu ver¬ gleichmäßigen, sind sowohl der bewegliche Hauptschaltstift 3 als auch der Gegenkontakt 4 von abschirmenden Feldelektroden 5 umgeben, deren Abstand zur Kapselung 2 nicht maßstabsgerecht dargestellt ist.The isolating switch 1 of a metal-encapsulated, with compressed gas, in particular SF g , insulated high-voltage switchgear lies in a tubular, metallic, grounded encapsulation 2. Around the electric field between the metallic encapsulation 2 and the tubular, movable main switching pin 3 and the likewise tubular, only indicated fixed mating contact 4, both the movable main switching pin 3 and the mating contact 4 are surrounded by shielding field electrodes 5, the distance of which from the encapsulation 2 is not shown to scale.
Zwischen den Stirnseiten der beiden Feldelektroden 5 liegt die durch Pfeile angedeutete Trennstrecke 6. Sie wird in der Ein¬ schaltstellung des Trennschalters 1 von dem beweglichen Haupt- schaltstift 3 überbrückt. Der Antrieb des Hauptschaltstiftes 3 ist zur besseren Übersichtlichkeit nicht dargestellt. Er be¬ wirkt aber, wie bei Trennschaltern üblich, eine verhältnismäßig langsame Bewegung des Hauptschaltstiftes 3. Deshalb ist im Innern des rohrförmigen beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes 3 zusätz- lieh ein mittig angeordner Hilfsschaltstift 7 vorgesehen, der bei der Einschaltbewegung in Ruhelage im Innern des Hauptschalt¬ stiftes 3 verbleibt und bei der Ausschaltbewegung von einer besonderen Feder 8 mit einer größeren Geschwindigkeit als der des Hauptschaltstiftes 3 angetrieben wird.Between the end faces of the two field electrodes 5 there is the isolating section 6 indicated by arrows. It is bridged by the movable main switching pin 3 in the switched-on position of the isolating switch 1. The drive of the main switching pin 3 is not shown for better clarity. However, as is usual with isolating switches, it causes a relatively slow movement of the main switching pin 3. Therefore, in the interior of the tubular movable main switching pin 3, a centrally arranged auxiliary switching pin 7 is provided which, when the switch-on movement is at rest, in the interior of the main switching pin 3 remains and is driven by a special spring 8 at a higher speed than that of the main switching pin 3 during the switch-off movement.
Die Feder 8 umgibt den Hilfsschaltstift 7 und ist als Druckfe¬ der ausgeführt. Damit sie auf einfache Weise gespannt werden kann, durchsetzt der Hilfsschaltstift 7 mit seinem vorderen, der Trennstrecke 6 zugewandten Ende 9 einen im Innern des Hauptschaltstiftes 3 befindlichen Spannring 10, an dem er mit Hilfe eines vorderen Anschlages 11 in der Ruhelage, in der er sich im Innern des Hauptschaltstiftes befindet, zur Anlage gelangt. Am hinteren Ende 12 des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7 ist eine Stellschraube 13 vorgesehen, die sich konisch aufweitet. Durch Veränderung der Lage der Stellschraube 13 auf dem Hilfsschalt- stift 7 läßt sich die Vorspannung der Feder 8 einstellen.The spring 8 surrounds the auxiliary switching pin 7 and is designed as a pressure spring. So that it can be clamped in a simple manner, the auxiliary switching pin 7, with its front end 9 facing the isolating section 6, passes through a clamping ring 10 located in the interior of the main switching pin 3, on which it is in the rest position, with the aid of a front stop 11, in which it is inside the main switch pin, comes to the system. At the rear end 12 of the auxiliary switching pin 7, an adjusting screw 13 is provided, which widens conically. The pretension of the spring 8 can be adjusted by changing the position of the adjusting screw 13 on the auxiliary switching pin 7.
Außerdem ist im Innern der den Hauptschaltstift 3 umgebenden Feldelektrode 5 eine mechanische Steuerung 14 für die Auslö¬ sung der Ausschaltbewegung des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7 angeordnet. Die Hebelanordnung dieser mechanischen Steuerung 14 besteht aus einem zweiarmigen Winkelhebel 15, der im Drehpunkt 16 ortsfest gelagert ist. Dieser Winkelhebel 15 wird in seiner Ruhelage durch die Rückholfeder 17 gegen den ortsfesten Anschlag 18 gedrückt. Die Enden des zweiarmigen Winkelhebels 15 werden bei der Schaltbewegung des Trennschalters ausgelenkt und sind deshalb mit Rollen versehen, nämlich mit der Sperrolle 19, die dem Hilfsschaltstift 7 zugewandt ist und der Schaltrolle 20 am anderen Ende des Winkelhebels 15.In addition, a mechanical control 14 for triggering the switch-off movement of the auxiliary switching pin 7 is arranged in the interior of the field electrode 5 surrounding the main switching pin 3. The lever arrangement of this mechanical control 14 consists of a two-armed angle lever 15, which is fixed in position in the fulcrum 16. This angle lever 15 is pressed in its rest position by the return spring 17 against the stationary stop 18. The ends of the two-armed angle lever 15 are deflected during the switching movement of the disconnector and are therefore provided with rollers, namely with the locking roller 19 which faces the auxiliary switching pin 7 and the switching roller 20 at the other end of the angle lever 15.
Die Führungsfläche 21 für die Schaltrolle 20 ist über einen Bügel 22 mit dem Hauptschaltstift 3 verbunden und weist zwei konisch geneigte, aufeinander zulaufende Anschlagflächen 23, 24 auf, zwischen denen sich ein parallel zur Längsachse des Haupt¬ schaltstiftes 3 verlaufender Bereich 25 erstreckt. Die Neigung der Anschlagfläche 24 ist dabei flacher als der Krümmungsra¬ dius des dieser zugewandten Hebelarmes des Winkelhebels 15. Die Schaltrolle 19 wird dagegen von der konischen Fläche 26 der Stellschraube 13 ausgelenkt und die Stirnfläche 27 der Stell¬ schraube 13 bewirkt die selbsthemmende Verklemmung bzw. Blockierung des Winkelhebels 15 gegen den Anschlag 18.The guide surface 21 for the switching roller 20 is connected to the main switching pin 3 via a bracket 22 and has two conically inclined, converging stop surfaces 23, 24, between which a region 25 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the main switching pin 3 extends. The inclination of the stop surface 24 is flatter than the radius of curvature of the lever arm of the angle lever 15 facing it. The switching roller 19, on the other hand, is deflected by the conical surface 26 of the adjusting screw 13 and the end face 27 of the adjusting screw 13 causes the self-locking jamming or Blocking of the angle lever 15 against the stop 18.
Auch der Gegenkontakt für den Hilfsschaltstift 7, der als Schirmelektrode 28 ausgebildet ist, ist mit einer Druckfeder 29 federbelastet. In Ruhelage der Druckfeder 29 liegt die Schirm- elektrode 28 in der stirnseitigen Öffnung 30 der Feldelek¬ trode 5 des Gegenkontaktes 4. Die Fläche der Schirmelektrode 28 ist so groß gewählt, daß an ihr nicht nur die Stirnfläche 31 des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7, sondern auch die Stirnfläche 32 des Hauptschaltstiftes 3 zur Anlage gelangt.The counter contact for the auxiliary switching pin 7, which is designed as a shield electrode 28, is spring-loaded with a compression spring 29. In the rest position of the compression spring 29, the shield electrode 28 lies in the front opening 30 of the field electrode 5 of the mating contact 4. The surface of the shield electrode 28 is chosen so large that not only the end face 31 of the auxiliary switching pin 7 but also the end face 32 of the main switching pin 3 comes into contact with it.
Der gemäß der Erfindung ausgebildete Trennschalter 1 funktio¬ niert wie folgt:The disconnector 1 designed in accordance with the invention functions as follows:
Figur 2 zeigt, ebenfalls wie Figur 1, die Ausschaltstellung des Trennschalters, in der sich der Hilfsschaltstift 7 im Innern des beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes 3 befindet. Der zweiarmige Winkelhebel 15 der mechanischen Steuerung 14 befindet sich ebenfalls in Ruhelage und wird mithin von der Rückholfeder 17 gegen den Anschlag 18 gedrückt. Die Sperrolle 19 und die Schaltrolle 20 haben keine Berührung mit anderen Flächen.FIG. 2 shows, like FIG. 1, the switch-off position of the disconnector in which the auxiliary switching pin 7 is located inside the movable main switching pin 3. The two-armed angle lever 15 of the mechanical control 14 is also in the rest position and is therefore pressed by the return spring 17 against the stop 18. The locking roller 19 and the switching roller 20 have no contact with other surfaces.
Figur 3 zeigt den Beginn der durch den Pfeil 33 angedeuteten Einschaltbewegung des beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes 3. Dieser hat sich bereits soweit in die Trennstrecke 6 hineinverlagert, daß die dem Hauptschaltstift 3 zugewandte Anschlagsfläche 24 der Führungsfläche 21 an der Schaltrolle 20 des Winkelhebels 15 zur Anlage gelangt ist.FIG. 3 shows the start of the switch-on movement of the movable main switching pin 3, indicated by the arrow 33. This has already moved so far into the separating section 6 that the stop surface 24 of the guide surface 21 facing the main switching pin 3 has come into contact with the switching roller 20 of the angle lever 15 .
Im weiteren Verlauf der Einschaltbewegung lenkt die Führungs¬ fläche 21 über die Schaltrolle 20 den Winkelhebel 15 soweit aus, bis die Schaltrolle 20 zunächst im Bereich 25 der Führungs¬ fläche 21 liegt (Figur 4) und dann nach Abrollen an der Anschlagfläche 23 den Kontakt zur Führungsfläche 21 verliert, so daß der Winkelhebel 15 durch die Rückholfeder 17 wieder gegen den Anschlag 18 gedrückt ist und somit seine Ruhelage einnimmt (Figur 5).In the further course of the switch-on movement, the guide surface 21 deflects the angle lever 15 via the switching roller 20 until the switching roller 20 is initially in the region 25 of the guide surface 21 (FIG. 4) and then, after rolling on the stop surface 23, makes contact Leads guide surface 21 so that the angle lever 15 is pressed again by the return spring 17 against the stop 18 and thus assumes its rest position (Figure 5).
Der Hauptschaltstift 3 nimmt bei seiner Einschaltbewegung den Hilfsschaltstift 7 mit. Dabei gelangt die Sperrolle 19 an der konischen Fläche 26 der Stellschraube 13 zur Anlage, ehe der Hauptschaltstift 3 die gesamte Trennstrecke 6 überbrückt hat. Die Sperrolle 19 läuft bei der Fortsetzung der Einschalt- bewegung an der konischen Fläche 26 hoch und lenkt somit wiederum den zweiarmigen Winkelhebel 15 aus seiner Ruhelage aus (Figur 6), so daß die Stellschraube 13 den Winkelhebel 15 ohne Widerstand passieren kann. Dabei gelangt der Hauptschaltstift 3 an der Schirmelektrode 28, die den Gegenkontakt für den Hilfs¬ schaltstift 7 bildet, zur Anlage und drückt sie aus ihrer Ruhelage hinaus, wobei sich die Druckfeder 29 spannt.The main switching pin 3 takes the auxiliary switching pin 7 with it when it is switched on. The locking roller 19 comes to rest on the conical surface 26 of the adjusting screw 13 before the main switching pin 3 has bridged the entire separation distance 6. The blocking roller 19 runs when the switch-on continues Movement up on the conical surface 26 and thus in turn deflects the two-armed angle lever 15 from its rest position (Figure 6), so that the adjusting screw 13 can pass the angle lever 15 without resistance. The main switching pin 3 comes to bear against the shield electrode 28, which forms the counter contact for the auxiliary switching pin 7, and pushes it out of its rest position, the compression spring 29 being tensioned.
Der Hauptschaltstift 3 setzt weiterhin gemeinsam mit dem Hilfs- schaltstift 7 seine Einschaltbewegung soweit fort, bis er seine in Figur 7 dargestellte Einschaltstellung erreicht hat, in welcher der Hauptschaltstift 3 in Kontakt zum Gegenkontakt 4 steht und mit seiner Stirnfläche 32 die Schirmelektrode 28 in ihre Endlage im Innern der Feldelektrode 5 hineingedrückt und dabei die Druckfeder 29 gespannt hat. Die Stirnfläche 31 des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7 liegt ebenfalls an der Schirmelektrode 28 an. In dieser Einschaltstellung ist also der Trennschalter 1 geschlossen und der Strom wird Vom Hauptschaltstift 3 auf den Gegenkontakt 4 übertragen und zwischen dem Hilfsschaltstift 7 und seinem durch die Schirmelektrode 28 gebildeten Gegenkontakt besteht eine Potentialverbindung. Der Winkelhebel 15 der mechanischen Steuerung 14 befindet sich in Einschaltstellung ebenfalls wieder in Ruhelage.The main switching pin 3, together with the auxiliary switching pin 7, continues its switch-on movement until it has reached the switch-on position shown in FIG. 7, in which the main switching pin 3 is in contact with the mating contact 4 and with its end face 32, the shield electrode 28 in its end position pressed into the inside of the field electrode 5 and in the process tensioned the compression spring 29. The end face 31 of the auxiliary switching pin 7 also abuts the shield electrode 28. In this switched-on position, the isolating switch 1 is therefore closed and the current is transferred from the main switching pin 3 to the counter contact 4 and there is a potential connection between the auxiliary switching pin 7 and its counter contact formed by the shield electrode 28. The angle lever 15 of the mechanical control 14 is also in the rest position in the switched-on position.
Figur 8 zeigt den Beginn der Ausschaltbewegung des Hauptschalt¬ stiftes 3, gekennzeichnet durch den Pfeil 34. Bei dieser ent¬ spannt sich zunächst die Druckfeder 29, so daß die Schirmelek¬ trode 28 dem Hauptschaltstift 3 etwas nachfolgt und an seiner Stirnfläche 32 anliegen bleibt, wobei sie die Stirnfläche 31 des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7 vor sich her drückt. Wenn aber die Stirnfläche 27 der Stellschraube 13 vor dem Erreichen der Ruhelage der Schirmelektrode 28 in Kontakt mit der Sperrolle 19 der mechanischen Steuerung 14 gelangt, verklemmt sich diese selbsttätig, weil der Winkelhebel 15 gegen den Anschlag 18 gedrückt ist. Dadurch wird sowohl die Schirmelektrode 28 als auch der Hilfsschaltstift 7 an einer Weiterbewegung in Aus- schaltrichtung gehindert.FIG. 8 shows the beginning of the switching-off movement of the main switching pin 3, identified by the arrow 34. In this case, the compression spring 29 first relaxes, so that the shield electrode 28 follows the main switching pin 3 somewhat and remains against its end face 32, pressing the end face 31 of the auxiliary switching pin 7 in front of it. However, if the end face 27 of the adjusting screw 13 comes into contact with the blocking roller 19 of the mechanical control 14 before the shield electrode 28 has reached the rest position, the latter automatically jams because the angle lever 15 is pressed against the stop 18. As a result, both the shield electrode 28 and the auxiliary switching pin 7 are prevented from moving further. switching direction prevented.
Der Hauptschaltstift 3 und mit ihm verbunden der Bügel 22 mit der Führungsfläche 21 setzt dagegen die Ausschaltbewegung 34 fort (Figur 9). Mithin hat sich also bereits der Hauptschalt¬ stift 3 vom Gegenkontakt 4 getrennt, während die Potentialver¬ bindung zwischen dem Hilfsschaltstift 7 und der Schirmelek¬ trode 28 noch aufrechterhalten wird.The main switching pin 3 and, connected to it, the bracket 22 with the guide surface 21, on the other hand, continue the switch-off movement 34 (FIG. 9). The main switching pin 3 has therefore already separated from the mating contact 4, while the potential connection between the auxiliary switching pin 7 and the shield electrode 28 is still maintained.
Die Lage der Führungsfläche 21 und die Summe der Hebelarme des Winkelhebels 15 ist nun so bemessen, daß bei einem vorher bestimmten, durch Pfeile dargestellten Abstand 35 zwischen der Feldelektrode 5 des Gegenkontakts 4 und der Stirnfläche 32 des Hauptschaltstiftes 3, der Winkelhebel 15 durch die Anschlag- fläche 23 seine maximale Auslenkung über die Schaltrolle 20 erreicht hat, so daß er aus der Ruhelage weggedrückt ist und an dem Bereich 25 zur Anlage gelangt, wobei gleichzeitig die Sperrolle 19 über die StirnfläcHe 27 der Stellschraube 13 gehoben wird, so daß die mechanische Steuerung 14 den Hilfs- schaltstift 7 nicht mehr festhält (Figur 10). Dies bedeutet den Auslösezeitpunkt für den Hilfsschaltstift 7, da sich jetzt die Feder 8 entspannen kann. Der diesen Auslösezeitpunkt bestimmen¬ de Abstand 35 ist so gewählt, daß er der erforderlichen Span¬ nungsfestigkeit zwischen Feldelektrode 5 und Hauptschaltstift 3 entspricht.The position of the guide surface 21 and the sum of the lever arms of the angle lever 15 is now such that, at a predetermined distance 35 shown by arrows between the field electrode 5 of the mating contact 4 and the end face 32 of the main switching pin 3, the angle lever 15 by the stop - Area 23 has reached its maximum deflection via the switching roller 20, so that it is pushed away from the rest position and comes to rest on the area 25, with the locking roller 19 being lifted over the end face 27 of the adjusting screw 13, so that the mechanical control 14 no longer holds the auxiliary switching pin 7 (FIG. 10). This means the trigger time for the auxiliary switching pin 7, since the spring 8 can now relax. The distance 35 which determines this triggering time is selected such that it corresponds to the required dielectric strength between the field electrode 5 and the main switching pin 3.
Durch das Entspannen der Feder 8 wird der Hilfsschaltstift 7 mit großer Geschwindigkeit in das Innere des Hauptschalt¬ stiftes 3, der sich weiterhin in Ausschaltrichtung bewegt, hin- eingezogen. Da jedoch die Druckfeder 29 in ihrer Federkraft so gewählt ist, daß sie eine Beschleunigung auf die Schirmelek¬ trode 28 ausübt, die größer als die von der Feder 8 auf den Hilfsschaltstift 7 ausgeübte Beschleunigung ist, verbleibt zunächst der Hilfsschaltstift 7 noch solange in Potentialver- bindung mit der Schirmelektrodes 28, bis diese ihre Ruhelage erreicht hat. Dabei beschleunigt sich der Hilfsschaltstift 7 bereits, so daß er im Moment der Trennung von der Schirmelek¬ trode 28 schon eine hohe Geschwindigkeit hat, die dann noch weiter gesteigert wird. Dies verbessert die Fähigkeit des Trennschalters 1, einen Lichtbogen zu löschen, wie er beim Schalten von Magnetisierungsströmen von Transformatoren auf¬ tritt. Nachdem der Hilfsschaltstift 7 seine Endlage im Haupt¬ schaltstift 3 erreicht hat, fahren dann beide gemeinsam in die Ausschaltstellung (Figur 1, 2) zurück.By releasing the spring 8, the auxiliary switching pin 7 is drawn into the interior of the main switching pin 3 at high speed, which continues to move in the direction of switching off. However, since the pressure of the compression spring 29 is selected so that it exerts an acceleration on the shield electrode 28 which is greater than the acceleration exerted by the spring 8 on the auxiliary switching pin 7, the auxiliary switching pin 7 initially remains in potential bond with the shield electrodes 28 until it has reached its rest position. The auxiliary switching pin 7 accelerates already, so that at the moment of separation from the shield electrode 28 it already has a high speed, which is then increased still further. This improves the ability of the isolating switch 1 to extinguish an arc, as occurs when switching magnetizing currents from transformers. After the auxiliary switching pin 7 has reached its end position in the main switching pin 3, the two then move back together to the switch-off position (FIGS. 1, 2).
Im allgemeinen kann ein kleiner Magnetisierungsstrom über die Feder 8 des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7 und die Druckfeder 29 der Schirmelektrode 28 geführt werden. Bei höheren Strömen ist es zweckmäßig, ein Kontaktsystem für die Schirmelektrode 28 und im Spannring 10 für den Hilfsschaltstift 7 vorzusehen. Hierzu ist es notwendig, die Feder 8 einseitig zu isolieren, was durch eine zwischen dem Spannring 10 und der Feder 8 angeordnete Buchse 36 aus Isolierstoff zu erreichen ist. Ansonsten kann auf diese Buchse 36 verzichtet werden.In general, a small magnetizing current can be conducted via the spring 8 of the auxiliary switching pin 7 and the compression spring 29 of the shield electrode 28. At higher currents, it is expedient to provide a contact system for the shield electrode 28 and in the clamping ring 10 for the auxiliary switching pin 7. For this purpose, it is necessary to insulate the spring 8 on one side, which can be achieved by a bushing 36 made of insulating material arranged between the clamping ring 10 and the spring 8. Otherwise, this bushing 36 can be dispensed with.
Wie bereits ausgeführt, entspricht die Summe der Hebelarme des zweiarmigen Winkelhebels 15 angenähert dem Abstand 35, den der Hauptschaltstift 3 bei der Ausschaltbewegung zur Gegenelek¬ trode 5 aufweist, wenn der Hilfsschaltstift ausgelöst wird. Dies bedeutet, daß sich die Stirnfläche 27 der Stellschraube 13 genau unter dem Schnittpunkt zwischen der Anschlagfläche 23 und dem parallelen Bereich 25 der Führungsfläche 21 befinden muß. Ist dagegen die Stellschraube 13 so eingestellt, daß in der Ausschaltstellung ein in Figur 1 durch Pfeile angedeuteter Abstand 37 zwischen der Stirnfläche 27 und dem Schnittpunkt 23/25 auftritt, so muß dieser Abstand 37, der positiv (wenn er sich in Ausschaltrichtung) bzw. negativ (in Einschaltrichtung ) sein kann, entsprechend berücksichtig werden. Mithin beeinflußt die Stellschraube 13 nicht nur ausschließlich die Vorspannung der Feder 8.As already stated, the sum of the lever arms of the two-armed angle lever 15 corresponds approximately to the distance 35 which the main switching pin 3 has when it is switched off from the counterelectrode 5 when the auxiliary switching pin is triggered. This means that the end face 27 of the adjusting screw 13 must be located exactly below the intersection between the stop face 23 and the parallel region 25 of the guide face 21. If, on the other hand, the adjusting screw 13 is set so that in the switch-off position there is a distance 37, indicated by arrows in FIG. 1, between the end face 27 and the intersection 23/25, then this distance 37, which is positive (if it is in the switch-off direction) or negative (in the switch-on direction) can be taken into account accordingly. Thus, the adjusting screw 13 not only affects the bias of the spring 8th
In Figur 13 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des Trennschal- ters 1 gemäß der Erfindung dargestellt, bei dem die mechanische Steuerung 14 eine etwas abgewandelte Form aufweist. Die Figur 13 zeigt den Hauptschaltstift 3 bei Beginn der Ausschaltbewe¬ gung 34 in einem Zeitpunkt, an dem der Hilfsschaltstift 7 noch mit seiner Stirnfläche 31 an der Schirmelektrode 28 anliegt. Diese befindet sich noch nicht in ihrer Ruhelage, sondern wird bei gespannter Druckfeder 29 von dem Hilfsschaltstift 7 festge¬ halten, weil dieser durch die Blockierung über die mechanische Steuerung 14 an einer Ausschaltbewegung 34 gehindert ist.FIG. 13 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the isolating switch Ters 1 shown according to the invention, in which the mechanical control 14 has a somewhat modified shape. FIG. 13 shows the main switching pin 3 at the start of the switch-off movement 34 at a point in time at which the auxiliary switching pin 7 still rests with its end face 31 on the shield electrode 28. This is not yet in its rest position, but is held in place by the auxiliary switching pin 7 when the compression spring 29 is under tension, because the auxiliary switching pin 7 prevents it from being switched off by the blocking by the mechanical control 14.
Die mechanische Steuerung 14 besteht aus zwei symmetrisch zur Längsachse des Hauptschaltstiftes 3 angeordneten zweiarmigen Hebeln 38, die jeweils an den Enden eine Schaltrolle 20 und eine Sperrolle 19 tragen und ortsfest im Drehpunkt 16 gelagert sind. Die Rückholfeder 17 versucht die beiden, die Sperrolle 19 tragenden Enden der Hebel 38 zusammen zu ziehen. Diese liegen in der Ruhelage an einem durch einen mittigen Ansatz 39 des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7 gebildeten Anschlag an. Somit wird der Hilfsschaltstift durch die mechanische Steuerung 14 zusätzlich zentriert.The mechanical control 14 consists of two two-armed levers 38 arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the main switching pin 3, each of which carries a switching roller 20 and a locking roller 19 at the ends and is mounted in a stationary manner in the pivot point 16. The return spring 17 tries to pull the two ends of the lever 38 carrying the locking roller 19 together. These rest in the rest position against a stop formed by a central extension 39 of the auxiliary switching pin 7. The auxiliary control pin is thus additionally centered by the mechanical control 14.
Die Führungsflächen 21 zur Auslenkung der Schaltrollen 20 sind bei diesem Trennschalter 1 unmittelbar am Hauptschaltstift 3 angeordnet. Sie sind konisch geneigt zur Innenbohrung 40 des Hauptschaltstiftes 3 hin verlaufend und so bemessen, daß zum gewünschten Zeitpunkt entsprechend der Stellung des Haupt¬ schaltstiftes 3 in der Trennstrecke 6 während der Ausschaltbe¬ wegung die Sperrollen 19 vom Anschlag abheben und den Hilfs¬ schaltstift 7 freigeben. Da in diesem Fall die Sperrollen 19 nicht mehr am mittigen Ansatz 39, der als Anschlag dient, anliegen, ist ein Schutzrohr 41 vorgesehen, das die Feder 8 des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7 umgibt. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, daß die Sperrollen 19 mit den Gängen der Feder 8 in Berührung gelangen. Die Länge des Schutzrohres 41 ist so gewählt, daß die Feder 8 in jeder Lage des Hilfsschaltstiftes 7 geschützt ist. The guide surfaces 21 for deflecting the switching rollers 20 are arranged directly on the main switching pin 3 in this isolating switch 1. They are conically inclined towards the inner bore 40 of the main switching pin 3 and are dimensioned such that, at the desired point in time according to the position of the main switching pin 3 in the separating section 6 during the switch-off movement, the blocking rollers 19 lift off the stop and the auxiliary switching pin 7 is released . In this case, since the locking rollers 19 no longer rest against the central extension 39, which serves as a stop, a protective tube 41 is provided which surrounds the spring 8 of the auxiliary switching pin 7. In this way it is prevented that the locking rollers 19 come into contact with the gears of the spring 8. The length of the protective tube 41 is chosen so that the spring 8 is protected in every position of the auxiliary switching pin 7.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Trennschalter für metallgekapselte, druckgasisolierte Hoch¬ spannungsschaltanlagen mit einer zwischen Feldelektroden (5) liegenden Trennstrecke (6), die durch einen rohrförmigen beweg¬ lichen Hauptschaltstift (3) überbrückbar ist, dessen fester Gegenkontakt (4) hohl ausgebildet ist, bei dem der bewegliche Hauptschaltstift (3) einen Hilfsschaltstift (7) enthält, der mit dem der Trennstrecke (6) zugewandten Ende (9) einen Spannring (10) im Innern des Hauptschaltstiftes (3) durchsetzt und von einer Feder (8) umgeben ist, die sich zwischen dem Spannring (10) und einem Anschlag (13) am Hilfsschaltstift (7) erstreckt, wobei der Hilfsschaltstift (7) in Ruhestellung im Innern des beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes (3) liegt und in Einschaltstellung des Trennschalters (1) an einem im hohlen Gegenkontakt (4) des Hauptschaltstifts (3) liegenden feder¬ belasteten Gegenkontakt (28) zur Anlage gelangt und bei Beginn der Ausschaltbewegung des beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes (3) so verbleibt, bis er durch die Feder (8) nach Freigabe durch eine ortsfest innerhalb der Feldelektrode (5) gelagerte mechanische Steuerung (14) mit einer gegenüber der Bewegung des beweglichen Hauptschaltstiftes (3) größeren Geschwindigkeit in die Ruhelage zurückgeführt wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h ¬ n e t , daß die mechanische Steuerung (14) eine drehbar gela- gerte, sich in Ruhelage selbsttätig verklemmende Hebelanord¬ nung (15) enthält, welche die Einschaltbewegung des Hilfsschalt¬ stiftes (7) nicht behindert und ihn bei Beginn der Ausschalt¬ bewegung des Hauptschaltstiftes (3) solange festhält, bis er durch eine mit dem Hauptschaltstift (3) verbundene Führungs- fläche (21) ausgelenkt wird.1. Disconnector for metal-encapsulated, compressed gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear with a separating path (6) located between field electrodes (5), which can be bridged by a tubular movable main switching pin (3), the fixed mating contact (4) of which is hollow, in which the Movable main switching pin (3) contains an auxiliary switching pin (7) which, with the end (9) facing the isolating section (6), passes through a clamping ring (10) inside the main switching pin (3) and is surrounded by a spring (8) which is extends between the clamping ring (10) and a stop (13) on the auxiliary switching pin (7), the auxiliary switching pin (7) lying in the rest position inside the movable main switching pin (3) and in the switched-on position of the isolating switch (1) on a hollow counter contact ( 4) of the main switching pin (3) lying spring-loaded counter contact (28) comes into contact and remains at the beginning of the switching-off movement of the movable main switching pin (3), bi s it is returned to the rest position by the spring (8) after release by a mechanical control (14) mounted fixedly within the field electrode (5) at a higher speed than the movement of the movable main switching pin (3), characterized in that the mechanical control (14) contains a rotatably mounted lever arrangement (15) which automatically jams in the rest position, which does not hinder the switch-on movement of the auxiliary switch pin (7) and keeps it at the beginning of the switch-off movement of the main switch pin (3) holds until it is deflected by a guide surface (21) connected to the main switching pin (3).
2. Trennschalter nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Gegenkontakt des Hilfsschaltstiftes (7) eine federbelastete, in Ruhelage in einer Öffnung (30) der Feldelektrode (3) liegende Schirm¬ elektrode (28) aufweist, an der auch der Hauptschaltstift (3) zur Anlage gelangt und sie in der Einschaltstellung in das Inne¬ re der Feldelektrode (5) drückt, und daß die auf die Schirmelek¬ trode (28) einwirkende Feder (29) eine Beschleunigung bewirkt, die bis zum Erreichen der Ruhelage der Schirmelektrode (28) bei der Ausschaltbewegung größer als die Beschleunigung des Hilfs¬ schaltstiftes (7) ist.2. Disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the mating contact of the auxiliary switching pin (7) has a spring-loaded, in the rest position in an opening (30) of the field electrode (3) lying shield electrode (28) on which the main switching pin (3) arrives and presses it into the interior of the field electrode (5) in the switched-on position, and that the spring (29) acting on the shield electrode (28) causes an acceleration which takes place until the shield electrode (28 ) is greater than the acceleration of the auxiliary switching pin (7) during the switch-off movement.
3. Trennschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Hebelanordnung zweiarmi- ge Hebel (15) enthält.3. Disconnector according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n e z e i c h n e t that the lever arrangement contains two-armed lever (15).
4. Trennschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 oder 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß in der Hebelanordnung der Hebelarm der Hebel (15) angenähert dem Abstand der Stirnfläche (32) des Hauptschaltstiftes (3) zur Feldelektrode (5) des Gegen¬ kontaktes (4) bei maximaler Auslenkung der Hebelanordnung (15) durch die Führungsfläche (21) entspricht.4. Disconnector according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that in the lever arrangement of the lever arm of the lever (15) approximates the distance of the end face (32) of the main switching pin (3) to the field electrode (5) of the counter contact (4) corresponds to the maximum deflection of the lever arrangement (15) by the guide surface (21).
5. Trennschalter nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t , daß eine Rückholfeder (17) die Hebelanordnung (15) in Ruhelage gegen einen Anschlag (18) preßt.5. Disconnector according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that a return spring (17) presses the lever arrangement (15) in the rest position against a stop (18).
6. Trennschalter nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die Hebelanordnung zwei symmetrisch zur Längsachse des Hauptschaltstiftes (3) angeord¬ nete Hebel (38) enthält, die durch die Rückholfeder (17) verbunden und gegen einen mittigen Ansatz (39) des Hilfsschaltstifts (7) gepreßt sind.6. Disconnector according to claim 5, characterized in that the lever arrangement contains two symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the main switching pin (3) angeord¬ Ned lever (38) connected by the return spring (17) and against a central extension (39) of the auxiliary switching pin (7th ) are pressed.
7. Trennschalter nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Führungsfläche (21) als Nocke ausgebildet ist, die einen parallel zur Längsachse des beweglichen Hauptschaltstifts (3) verlaufenden Bereich aufweist. 7. Disconnector according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the guide surface (21) is designed as a cam which has a region running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the movable main switching pin (3).
8. Trennschalter nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis8. Disconnector according to one or more of claims 1 to
7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß die an einem Anschlag (13, 39) oder einer Führungsfläche (21) anliegenden Hebelenden der Hebelanordnung jeweils mit einer Rolle (19, 20) versehen sind.7, so that the lever ends of the lever arrangement resting against a stop (13, 39) or a guide surface (21) are each provided with a roller (19, 20).
9. Trennschalter nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis9. Disconnector according to one or more of claims 1 to
8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , daß der Anschlag am Ende des Hilfsschaltstiftes (7) durch die Stirn- fläche (27) einer sich konisch aufweitenden Stellschraube (13) für die den Hilfsschaltstift (7) umgebende Feder (8) gebildet ist. 8, so that the stop at the end of the auxiliary switching pin (7) is formed by the end face (27) of a conically widening adjusting screw (13) for the spring (8) surrounding the auxiliary switching pin (7).
EP90914126A 1989-11-17 1990-09-19 Isolator switch for metal-clad, compressed-gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear Expired - Lifetime EP0500550B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3938711A DE3938711A1 (en) 1989-11-17 1989-11-17 DISCONNECTOR FOR METAL-ENCLOSED, PRESSURE-GAS INSULATED HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR
DE3938711 1989-11-17
PCT/DE1990/000722 WO1991007768A1 (en) 1989-11-17 1990-09-19 Isolator switch for metal-clad, compressed-gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0500550A1 true EP0500550A1 (en) 1992-09-02
EP0500550B1 EP0500550B1 (en) 1994-06-15

Family

ID=6393982

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90914126A Expired - Lifetime EP0500550B1 (en) 1989-11-17 1990-09-19 Isolator switch for metal-clad, compressed-gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5237137A (en)
EP (1) EP0500550B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE107434T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2068866A1 (en)
DE (2) DE3938711A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991007768A1 (en)

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EP3226276A1 (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Disconnect switch suitable for medium and high voltages and disconnection method using said disconnect switch

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DE9108589U1 (en) * 1991-07-09 1991-09-05 Siemens AG, 8000 München Disconnector with one main contact pin and one auxiliary contact pin
DE4204529A1 (en) * 1992-02-15 1993-08-19 Asea Brown Boveri DISCONNECTOR FOR A METAL-ENCLOSED GAS-INSULATED HIGH-VOLTAGE SYSTEM
DE4211156A1 (en) * 1992-03-31 1993-10-07 Siemens Ag Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker
DE19533794A1 (en) * 1995-09-13 1997-03-20 Abb Patent Gmbh Metal-enclosed, gas-insulated high-voltage switch
BR112013000430B1 (en) 2010-07-07 2020-02-11 Siemens Ltd. ELECTRICAL INSULATOR
KR101771465B1 (en) * 2011-07-25 2017-09-06 엘에스산전 주식회사 Gas insulated switchgear
FR2984590B1 (en) * 2011-12-14 2014-07-04 Alstom Technology Ltd MOBILE CONDUCTOR ASSEMBLY FOR DISCONNECT, COMPRISING A SPRING FOR ACCELERATING THE SEPARATION OF ARC CONTACTS
EP2728602B1 (en) * 2012-11-05 2015-01-21 ABB Technology AG Electrical high voltage circuit breaker and method for opening same
US20140174895A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-26 Abb Technology Ag Contact arrangement for high voltage switchgear with contact arrangement
DE102013205945A1 (en) * 2013-04-04 2014-10-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Disconnecting switch device
JP6067182B1 (en) * 2015-11-16 2017-01-25 三菱電機株式会社 Switch
WO2018036904A1 (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-01 Abb Schweiz Ag Switch and method for disconnecting a switch
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FR2547107B1 (en) * 1983-06-06 1986-05-09 Merlin Gerin SHIELDED ISOLATION DISCONNECTOR
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EP3226276A1 (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Disconnect switch suitable for medium and high voltages and disconnection method using said disconnect switch
WO2017167480A1 (en) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Disconnector for medium and high voltages and method for disconnection by means of said disconnector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59006161D1 (en) 1994-07-21
WO1991007768A1 (en) 1991-05-30
DE3938711A1 (en) 1991-05-23
EP0500550B1 (en) 1994-06-15
ATE107434T1 (en) 1994-07-15
CA2068866A1 (en) 1991-05-18
US5237137A (en) 1993-08-17

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