EP0500459B1 - Three-dimensional tubular structure - Google Patents

Three-dimensional tubular structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0500459B1
EP0500459B1 EP92400437A EP92400437A EP0500459B1 EP 0500459 B1 EP0500459 B1 EP 0500459B1 EP 92400437 A EP92400437 A EP 92400437A EP 92400437 A EP92400437 A EP 92400437A EP 0500459 B1 EP0500459 B1 EP 0500459B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upright
tubular element
joining piece
male
tubular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP92400437A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0500459A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Désir
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RETOTUB
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RETOTUB
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/14—Comprising essentially pre-assembled two-dimensional frame-like elements, e.g. of rods in L- or H-shape, with or without bracing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/15—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground essentially comprising special means for supporting or forming platforms; Platforms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/10—Steps or ladders specially adapted for scaffolds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/14—Railings
    • E04G5/147—Railings specially adapted for mounting prior to the mounting of the platform
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G5/00—Component parts or accessories for scaffolds
    • E04G5/16—Struts or stiffening rods, e.g. diagonal rods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G7/30—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements
    • E04G7/301—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements for connecting bars or members which are parallel or in end-to-end relation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G7/30—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements
    • E04G7/34—Scaffolding bars or members with non-detachably fixed coupling elements with coupling elements using positive engagement, e.g. hooks or pins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G7/00—Connections between parts of the scaffold
    • E04G2007/005—Adaptors to adapt the connection means of one manufacturer's scaffold system to the one of another manufacturer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-dimensional tubular structure comprising a plurality of superimposed and similar stages, each stage being produced by assembling tubular elements.
  • shoring tower intended to temporarily support loads during the construction of structures, but it can generally be applied to facade or service scaffolding.
  • Structures of this type are generally produced by assembling modular elements together using pins, keys or locking rings, so as to meet safety standards.
  • the assembly and disassembly of the structure requires appropriate tools, such as hammers or keys.
  • These keying means are constituted by a "bayonet" mounting of two lock elements opening one in the external surface of the male end piece and the other in the internal surface of the female end piece, said lock elements being formed respectively in said tips.
  • the male lock element is part of the flange and the latter can be produced by cutting and bending a sheet metal plate.
  • the male end piece and the female end piece have circular sections, and the cutout of the male end piece has, on the one hand, a longitudinal slot opening onto the end face of said male end piece and intended for allow the guiding of the corresponding tubular element during its assembly, and, on the other hand, a circumferential recess allowing the keying of said tubular element by rotation around its upright.
  • the assembly of the elements of a stage of the structure is done, on the one hand, by introduction of the male end pieces in the female end pieces of the elements of the lower stage and in the orifices of the horizontal plates of the corresponding flanges , the guidance being provided by the cooperation of the longitudinal slots and the lugs, and, on the other hand, by rotation of said elements around their respective uprights.
  • the pins then cooperate with the circumferential recesses of the cutouts to avoid the dislocation of the uprights.
  • the female end piece has a circular section and the male end piece has a polygonal section.
  • the cutting of the male end piece can then be limited to a notch intended to accommodate the end of the tongue arranged in the corresponding female end piece by rotation of the tubular element during assembly, the guiding of said element being ensured by sliding. relative of the lug in the space delimited by one side of the male end piece and the wall of the corresponding female end piece.
  • the drawing shows, as an example of a three-dimensional tubular structure, a shoring tower 1 constituted by a plurality of superimposed and similar stages 2a, 2b, each stage being produced by assembling preferably identical tubular elements, carrying the general reference 3.
  • the first stage 2a is mounted on a base resting on the ground by feet adjustable in height so as to ensure the verticality of the shoring tower 1.
  • the shoring tower shown in the drawing has a square horizontal section. It is obvious that this section could have another form. In particular, it could be triangular.
  • Each tubular element 3 comprises a vertical upright 4, a spar 5 extending horizontally from the upper end of the upright 4 and a strut 7 connecting the lower end of the upright 4 to the end of the spar 5 remote from the upright 4.
  • the tubular element 3 is thus in the form of a console or a triangular frame.
  • This console can possibly be reinforced by complementary tubes 10, preferably arranged horizontally and which can serve as ladder bars for climbing into the tower.
  • the upright 4 has a female end 11 at its upper end and a male end 12 at its lower end, so as to allow the interlocking of the uprights 4 in correspondence of two successive stages (2a, 2b).
  • the female end 11 has in its wall a notch 13 located in the general plane of the tubular element 3 and on the side of the beam 5. The usefulness of this notch 13 will be explained below.
  • the male end piece 12 has a cutout 14 which has a longitudinal slot 15 opening onto the end face of said male endpiece 12 and a circumferential recess 16. The usefulness of this cutout 14 will also be explained below.
  • the tubular element 3 further comprises at the intersection of the spar 5 and the strut 7 a flange 17 which has a horizontal plate 18 disposed in the upper plane of a stage of the shoring tower 1, and a tongue 19 extending perpendicularly to the plane of the tubular element 3 and situated at the height of the notch 13.
  • the horizontal plate 18 has an orifice 20 whose diameter is at least equal to the diameter of the male end piece 12.
  • each tubular element 3 the arrangement of the notch 13 of the female end piece 11, of the cutout 14 of the end piece male 12, of the tongue 19 and of the orifice 20 of the horizontal plate 18, is studied so that their mutual cooperation at the level of an assembly node allows the stiffening of the structure and the mounting thereof without tools .
  • the assembly node constituted by two adjacent tubular elements 3a and 3b of the first stage 2a and the tubular element 3c of the second stage 2b situated above the tubular element 3a, with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 9.
  • the tongue 19 of the tubular element 3b is intended to penetrate into the notch 13 of the upright 4 of the tubular element 3a by rotation of the tubular element 3b around its upright 4.
  • the length of the tongue 19 is greater than the thickness of the wall of the female end piece 11, so that its end accommodates in the bore of the female end piece 11 and then forms a lug 21.
  • the plate 18 is then located above the corresponding female end piece 11 and its orifice 20 is coaxial with this female end piece 11.
  • the shape and arrangement of the cutout 14 of the male end piece 12 are provided so that the cutout 14 of the tubular element 3c can cooperate with the lug 21 in the manner described below.
  • the slot 15 allows the angular positioning and the guiding of the element 3c during the introduction of its male end piece 12, through the orifice 20 of the tubular element 3b, in the female end piece 11 of the tubular element 3a.
  • an outward rotation of the tubular element 3c represented by arrow A, allows the keying of the amount 4 of the tubular element 3c on the amount 4 of the element 3a by cooperation of the lug 21 with the circumferential recess 16 of the cutout 14.
  • the tubular element 3c is then in the plane of the tubular element 3a. It should be noted that the introduction of the male end piece 12 of the tubular element 3c into the female end piece 11 of the tubular element 3a, through the orifice 20 of the tubular element 3b, causes the locking in rotation of the element 3b.
  • the base of the shoring tower can be achieved by any known means provided that it has in its corners, female end pieces 11 for housing the male end pieces 12 of the tubular elements 3a, 3b of the first stage 2a, and lugs 21 to key said tubular elements.
  • this base is constituted by basic elements 22, shown in Figure 4 having a structure close to the tubular element 3, except that the upright 4 includes a known device 23 for height adjustment.
  • the tubular elements 3 of the upper stage of the shoring tower 1 are locked in place by head forks 24, known in themselves, shown in FIG. 5, adjustable in height and the feet of which are introduced into the female end pieces 11 of the tubular elements 3 of the last stage and have a guide groove 25, cooperating with the lugs 21.
  • the shoring tower 1 When the shoring tower 1 has a square or rectangular section, it is possible to connect two assembly nodes arranged opposite in the same horizontal plane by a diagonal 26 shown in FIG. 6 which has hooks 27 intended at its ends to cooperate with the side members 5.
  • FIG. 7 shows a floor element 28 consisting of a triangular frame and a grid and able to rest on a spar 5 and a diagonal 26 using hooks 29.
  • the female end piece 11 and the male end piece 12 can be produced on the upright 4 by any known method.
  • the male end piece 12 may consist of a tube fitted at the lower end of the upright 4 and forming a shoulder 30 therewith.
  • the horizontal plate 18 is interposed between a female end piece 11 and the shoulder 30 .
  • the female end fitting 11 can also be produced using a sleeve provided at the upper end of the upright 4, the male end fitting 12 then being formed by the lower end of the upright 4.
  • the horizontal plate 18 rests on the upper end of the female sleeve 11.
  • the horizontal plate 18 may be in the form of a washer provided with a plurality of notches 31 allowing the fixing of known scaffolding elements.
  • tubular elements 3 described above allow the tubular structure to be mounted by fitting the uprights 4 and rotating the tubular elements 3 around their uprights 4.
  • the female end 11 and the male end 12 of these tubular elements 3 have circular sections.
  • the female end piece 11 is of circular section and the male end piece has a polygonal section, for example square.
  • the cutout 14 of the male end piece 12 is in the form of a simple notch placed opposite the notch 13 of the corresponding female element 11 when said male end piece 12 is locked on said female end piece 11.
  • the longitudinal guide slot 15 described above is then replaced by the space delimited by the side of the male end having said notch and the wall of the female end 11. This arrangement reduces the surfaces which are in contact.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional tubular structure comprising a plurality of superimposed and similar levels formed by assembling tubular elements (3a, 3b, 3c). Each tubular element (3) is in the form of a triangular frame comprising an upright (4), a longitudinal member (5) and a strut (7). The uprights may be interlocked with each other and comprise cuttings (14) enabling the tubular elements (3a, 3b, 3c) to be keyed and locked together by rotation about the uprights (4), by virtue of a coupling (17) provided at the end of the longitudinal member (5). The coupling (17) of the tubular element (3b) comprises a horizontal plate (18) containing an orifice (20) provided for the passage of the male end-piece (12) of the upright of the element (3c) and resting on the female end-piece (11) of the upright of the element (3a), and comprises a tab (21) interacting with the cuttings (14). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une structure tridimensionnelle tubulaire comportant une pluralité d'étages superposés et semblables, chaque étage étant réalisé par assemblage d'éléments tubulaires.The present invention relates to a three-dimensional tubular structure comprising a plurality of superimposed and similar stages, each stage being produced by assembling tubular elements.

Elle concerne notamment une tour d'étaiement destinée à supporter temporairement des charges lors de la construction d'ouvrages, mais elle peut être généralement appliquée aux échafaudages de façade ou de service.It relates in particular to a shoring tower intended to temporarily support loads during the construction of structures, but it can generally be applied to facade or service scaffolding.

Les structures de ce type sont généralement réalisées en assemblant entre eux des éléments modulaires à l'aide de goupilles, de clavettes ou de bagues de blocage, de manière à répondre aux normes de sécurité. Le montage et le démontage de la structure nécessitent des outils appropriés, tels que des marteaux ou des clefs.Structures of this type are generally produced by assembling modular elements together using pins, keys or locking rings, so as to meet safety standards. The assembly and disassembly of the structure requires appropriate tools, such as hammers or keys.

Or il arrive que certaines liaisons ne soient pas correctement établies, soit par négligence, soit par oubli, ce qui peut entraîner des accidents. En particulier, les liaisons successives entre deux étages ne sont pas toujours verrouillées, ce qui peut entraîner un désassemblage, au moins partiel, de la structure lorsque celle-ci est déplacée sur un chantier par une grue.However, it happens that certain connections are not correctly established, either by negligence or by forgetting, which can lead to accidents. In particular, successive connections between two floors are not always locked, which can lead to at least partial disassembly of the structure when it is moved on a site by a crane.

Il a déjà été proposé des échafaudages à éléments triangulés dans lesquels les éléments d'un étage sont verrouillés aux éléments des étages voisins. L'état de la technique est illustré notamment par EP-A-0 311 491, GB-A-1 038 825, NL-A-7 302 644.It has already been proposed scaffolding with triangulated elements in which the elements of a stage are locked to the elements of neighboring stages. The state of the art is illustrated in particular by EP-A-0 311 491, GB-A-1 038 825, NL-A-7 302 644.

EP-A-0 311 491 représente l'état de la technique le plus proche de la présente invention. Ce document concerne en effet une structure tridimensionnelle tubulaire, comportant une pluralité d'étages superposés et semblables, chaque étage étant réalisé par assemblage d'éléments tubulaires, dans laquelle :

  • a) chaque élément tubulaire comporte un montant vertical, un longeron s'étendant à l'horizontale à partir de l'extrémité supérieure dudit montant et une jambe de force reliant l'extrémité inférieure dudit montant à l'extrémité dudit longeron éloignée dudit montant,
  • b) ledit montant comporte un embout femelle à son extrémité supérieure et un embout mâle à son extrémité inférieure de manière à permettre l'emboîtement des montants en correspondance de deux étages successifs,
  • c) chaque élément tubulaire comporte en plus une bride disposée à l'extrémité du longeron éloignée du montant, ladite bride présentant une plaque horizontale prévue pour reposer sur l'embout femelle du montant de l'élément tubulaire voisin du même étage, ladite plaque comportant un orifice prévu pour le passage de l'embout mâle d'un montant de l'étage situé immédiatement au-dessus, grâce à quoi chaque élément tubulaire est immobilisé en rotation autour de son montant,
  • d) il est prévu des moyens pour claveter le montant de chaque élément tubulaire sur le montant de l'élément correspondant de l'étage immédiatement inférieur.
EP-A-0 311 491 represents the state of the art closest to the present invention. This document relates in fact to a three-dimensional tubular structure, comprising a plurality of superimposed and similar stages, each stage being produced by assembling tubular elements, in which:
  • a) each tubular element comprises a vertical upright, a spar extending horizontally from the upper end of said upright and a strut connecting the lower end of said upright to the end of said spar distant from said upright,
  • b) the said upright comprises a female end-piece at its upper end and a male end-piece at its lower end so as to allow the interlocking of the uprights in correspondence of two successive stages,
  • c) each tubular element further comprises a flange disposed at the end of the spar remote from the upright, said flange having a horizontal plate intended to rest on the female end piece of the upright of the neighboring tubular element on the same floor, said plate comprising an orifice provided for the passage of the male endpiece of an upright of the stage situated immediately above, thanks to which each tubular element is immobilized in rotation around its upright,
  • d) means are provided for keying the amount of each tubular element onto the amount of the corresponding element of the immediately lower stage.

Ces moyens de clavetage sont constitués par un montage à "baïonnette" de deux éléments de verrou débouchant l'un dans la surface externe de l'embout mâle et l'autre dans la surface interne de l'embout femelle, lesdits éléments de verrou étant formés respectivement dans lesdits embouts.These keying means are constituted by a "bayonet" mounting of two lock elements opening one in the external surface of the male end piece and the other in the internal surface of the female end piece, said lock elements being formed respectively in said tips.

La présente invention ne se distingue de la structure de EP-A-0 311 491 par le fait que :

  • 1) la bride de chaque élément tubulaire présente de plus une languette s'étendant dans un plan perpendiculaire audit élément tubulaire,
  • 2) l'embout femelle du montant de chaque élément tubulaire présente une encoche traversant sa paroi et prévue pour recevoir la languette de la bride de l'élément tubulaire voisin du même étage, la longueur de ladite languette étant prévue pour que son extrémité forme un ergot dans la cavité interne dudit embout femelle,
  • 3) l'embout mâle du montant de chaque élément tubulaire comporte une découpe destinée à coopérer avec l'ergot de l'embout femelle du montant correspondant de l'étage immédiatement inférieur de manière à permettre le guidage dudit élément tubulaire lors de son montage et son clavetage par rotation autour de son montant.
The present invention is not distinguished from the structure of EP-A-0 311 491 by the fact that:
  • 1) the flange of each tubular element also has a tongue extending in a plane perpendicular to said tubular element,
  • 2) the female end piece of the upright of each tubular element has a notch passing through its wall and intended to receive the tongue of the flange of the tubular element neighboring the same stage, the length of said tongue being provided so that its end forms a lug in the internal cavity of said tip female,
  • 3) the male end piece of the amount of each tubular element comprises a cutout intended to cooperate with the lug of the female end piece of the corresponding amount of the immediately lower stage so as to allow the guidance of said tubular element during its mounting and its keying by rotation around its upright.

Grâce à cette structure, l'élément de verrou mâle fait partie de la bride et cette dernière peut être réalisée par découpe et pliage d'une plaque de tôle.Thanks to this structure, the male lock element is part of the flange and the latter can be produced by cutting and bending a sheet metal plate.

Selon une première variante, l'embout mâle et l'embout femelle ont des sections circulaires, et la découpe de l'embout mâle présente, d'une part, une fente longitudinale débouchant sur la face d'extrémité dudit embout mâle et destinée à permettre le guidage de l'élément tubulaire correspondant lors de son montage, et, d'autre part, un décrochement circonférentiel permettant le clavetage dudit élément tubulaire par rotation autour de son montant.According to a first variant, the male end piece and the female end piece have circular sections, and the cutout of the male end piece has, on the one hand, a longitudinal slot opening onto the end face of said male end piece and intended for allow the guiding of the corresponding tubular element during its assembly, and, on the other hand, a circumferential recess allowing the keying of said tubular element by rotation around its upright.

Grâce à cette structure, le montage des éléments d'un étage de la structure se fait, d'une part, par introduction des embouts mâles dans les embouts femelles des éléments de l'étage inférieur et dans les orifices des plaques horizontales des brides correspondantes, le guidage étant assuré par la coopération des fentes longitudinales et des ergots, et, d'autre part, par rotation desdits éléments autour de leurs montants respectifs.Thanks to this structure, the assembly of the elements of a stage of the structure is done, on the one hand, by introduction of the male end pieces in the female end pieces of the elements of the lower stage and in the orifices of the horizontal plates of the corresponding flanges , the guidance being provided by the cooperation of the longitudinal slots and the lugs, and, on the other hand, by rotation of said elements around their respective uprights.

Les ergots coopèrent alors avec les décrochements circonférentiels des découpes pour éviter le déboîtement des montants.The pins then cooperate with the circumferential recesses of the cutouts to avoid the dislocation of the uprights.

Selon une autre variante, l'embout femelle a une section circulaire et l'embout mâle a une section polygonale. La découpe de l'embout mâle peut alors se limiter à une encoche destinée à loger l'extrémité de la languette disposée dans l'embout femelle correspondant par rotation de l'élément tubulaire en cours de montage, le guidage dudit élément étant assuré par coulissement relatif de l'ergot dans l'espace délimité par un côté de l'embout mâle et la paroi de l'embout femelle correspondant.According to another variant, the female end piece has a circular section and the male end piece has a polygonal section. The cutting of the male end piece can then be limited to a notch intended to accommodate the end of the tongue arranged in the corresponding female end piece by rotation of the tubular element during assembly, the guiding of said element being ensured by sliding. relative of the lug in the space delimited by one side of the male end piece and the wall of the corresponding female end piece.

L'introduction des embouts mâles de l'étage en cours de montage dans les orifices des plaques horizontales des brides de l'étage immédiatement inférieur assure le verrouillage des éléments tubulaires de l'étage inférieur.The introduction of the male end fittings of the stage being assembled into the orifices of the horizontal plates of the flanges of the immediately lower stage ensures the locking of the tubular elements of the lower stage.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description suivante faite à titre d'exemple et en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 montre une vue en perspective d'une tour d'étaiement lors de la phase de montage du deuxième étage,
  • la figure 2 montre à plus grande échelle et en perspective un noeud d'assemblage de trois éléments tubulaires de la structure,
  • la figure 3 est une vue latérale d'un élément tubulaire d'un étage courant de la tour d'étaiement de la figure 1,
  • la figure 4 montre l'élément de base servant à la construction du soubassement de la tour d'étaiement de la figure 1,
  • la figure 5 représente la fourche de tête disposée au sommet d'un montant du dernier étage de la tour d'étaiement de la figure 1,
  • la figure 6 montre une diagonale utilisée pour stabiliser une tour d'étaiement présentant une section horizontale carrée,
  • la figure 7 montre en perspective un élément de plancher,
  • la figure 8 montre une variante de réalisation de l'invention et,
  • la figure 9 représente une vue éclatée d'un noeud d'assemblage.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge on reading the following description given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a shoring tower during the assembly phase of the second stage,
  • FIG. 2 shows on a larger scale and in perspective a knot for assembling three tubular elements of the structure,
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of a tubular element of a current stage of the shoring tower of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 shows the basic element used for the construction of the base of the shoring tower of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 5 represents the head fork arranged at the top of an upright of the last stage of the shoring tower of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 6 shows a diagonal used to stabilize a shoring tower having a square horizontal section,
  • FIG. 7 shows in perspective a floor element,
  • FIG. 8 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention and,
  • Figure 9 shows an exploded view of an assembly node.

Le dessin montre, à titre d'exemple de structure tridimensionnelle tubulaire, une tour d'étaiement 1 constituée par une pluralité d'étages superposés et semblables 2a, 2b, chaque étage étant réalisé par assemblage d'éléments tubulaires de préférence identiques, portant la référence générale 3.The drawing shows, as an example of a three-dimensional tubular structure, a shoring tower 1 constituted by a plurality of superimposed and similar stages 2a, 2b, each stage being produced by assembling preferably identical tubular elements, carrying the general reference 3.

Le premier étage 2a est monté sur un soubassement reposant sur le sol par des pieds réglables en hauteur de manière à assurer la verticalité de la tour d'étaiement 1.The first stage 2a is mounted on a base resting on the ground by feet adjustable in height so as to ensure the verticality of the shoring tower 1.

La tour d'étaiement montrée sur le dessin présente une section horizontale carrée. Il est évident que cette section pourrait avoir une autre forme. Elle pourrait en particulier être triangulaire.The shoring tower shown in the drawing has a square horizontal section. It is obvious that this section could have another form. In particular, it could be triangular.

Chaque élément tubulaire 3 comporte un montant vertical 4, un longeron 5 s'étendant à l'horizontale à partir de l'extrémité supérieure du montant 4 et une jambe de force 7 reliant l'extrémité inférieure du montant 4 à l'extrémité du longeron 5 éloignée du montant 4. L'élément tubulaire 3 se présente ainsi sous la forme d'une console ou d'un cadre triangulaire. Cette console peut être renforcée éventuellement par des tubes complémentaires 10, de préférence disposés à l'horizontale et pouvant servir de barreaux d'échelle pour monter dans la tour.Each tubular element 3 comprises a vertical upright 4, a spar 5 extending horizontally from the upper end of the upright 4 and a strut 7 connecting the lower end of the upright 4 to the end of the spar 5 remote from the upright 4. The tubular element 3 is thus in the form of a console or a triangular frame. This console can possibly be reinforced by complementary tubes 10, preferably arranged horizontally and which can serve as ladder bars for climbing into the tower.

Le montant 4 comporte un embout femelle 11 à son extrémité supérieure et un embout mâle 12 à son extrémité inférieure, de manière à permettre l'emboîtement des montants 4 en correspondance de deux étages successifs (2a, 2b). L'embout femelle 11 présente dans sa paroi une encoche 13 située dans le plan général de l'élément tubulaire 3 et du côté du longeron 5. L'utilité de cette encoche 13 sera explicitée plus loin. L'embout mâle 12 comporte une découpe 14 qui présente une fente longitudinale 15 débouchant sur la face d'extrémité dudit embout mâle 12 et un décrochement circonférentiel 16. L'utilité de cette découpe 14 sera également explicitée plus loin.The upright 4 has a female end 11 at its upper end and a male end 12 at its lower end, so as to allow the interlocking of the uprights 4 in correspondence of two successive stages (2a, 2b). The female end 11 has in its wall a notch 13 located in the general plane of the tubular element 3 and on the side of the beam 5. The usefulness of this notch 13 will be explained below. The male end piece 12 has a cutout 14 which has a longitudinal slot 15 opening onto the end face of said male endpiece 12 and a circumferential recess 16. The usefulness of this cutout 14 will also be explained below.

L'élément tubulaire 3 comporte en plus à l'intersection du longeron 5 et la jambe de force 7 une bride 17 qui présente une plaque horizontale 18 disposée dans le plan supérieur d'un étage de la tour d'étaiement 1, et une languette 19 s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan de l'élément tubulaire 3 et situé à la hauteur de l'encoche 13. La plaque horizontale 18 comporte un orifice 20 dont le diamètre est au moins égal au diamètre de l'embout mâle 12.The tubular element 3 further comprises at the intersection of the spar 5 and the strut 7 a flange 17 which has a horizontal plate 18 disposed in the upper plane of a stage of the shoring tower 1, and a tongue 19 extending perpendicularly to the plane of the tubular element 3 and situated at the height of the notch 13. The horizontal plate 18 has an orifice 20 whose diameter is at least equal to the diameter of the male end piece 12.

Dans chaque élément tubulaire 3, la disposition de l'encoche 13 de l'embout femelle 11, de la découpe 14 de l'embout mâle 12, de la languette 19 et de l'orifice 20 de la plaque horizontale 18, est étudiée pour que leur coopération mutuelle au niveau d'un noeud d'assemblage permette la rigidification de la structure et le montage de celle-ci sans outil. Nous allons maintenant décrire le noeud d'assemblage constitué par deux éléments tubulaires adjacents 3a et 3b du premier étage 2a et l'élément tubulaire 3c du deuxième étage 2b situé au-dessus de l'élément tubulaire 3a, en se référant aux figures 1, 2 et 9.In each tubular element 3, the arrangement of the notch 13 of the female end piece 11, of the cutout 14 of the end piece male 12, of the tongue 19 and of the orifice 20 of the horizontal plate 18, is studied so that their mutual cooperation at the level of an assembly node allows the stiffening of the structure and the mounting thereof without tools . We will now describe the assembly node constituted by two adjacent tubular elements 3a and 3b of the first stage 2a and the tubular element 3c of the second stage 2b situated above the tubular element 3a, with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 9.

La languette 19 de l'élément tubulaire 3b est destinée à pénétrer dans l'encoche 13 du montant 4 de l'élément tubulaire 3a par rotation de l'élément tubulaire 3b autour de son montant 4. La longueur de la languette 19 est supérieure à l'épaisseur de la paroi de l'embout femelle 11, de telle manière que son extrémité loge dans l'alésage de l'embout femelle 11 et forme alors un ergot 21.The tongue 19 of the tubular element 3b is intended to penetrate into the notch 13 of the upright 4 of the tubular element 3a by rotation of the tubular element 3b around its upright 4. The length of the tongue 19 is greater than the thickness of the wall of the female end piece 11, so that its end accommodates in the bore of the female end piece 11 and then forms a lug 21.

La plaque 18 est alors située au-dessus de l'embout femelle 11 correspondant et son orifice 20 est coaxial à cet embout femelle 11.The plate 18 is then located above the corresponding female end piece 11 and its orifice 20 is coaxial with this female end piece 11.

La forme et la disposition de la découpe 14 de l'embout mâle 12 sont prévues pour que la découpe 14 de l'élément tubulaire 3c puisse coopérer avec l'ergot 21 de la manière décrite ci-après.The shape and arrangement of the cutout 14 of the male end piece 12 are provided so that the cutout 14 of the tubular element 3c can cooperate with the lug 21 in the manner described below.

La fente 15 permet le positionnement angulaire et le guidage de l'élément 3c lors de l'introduction de son embout mâle 12, à travers l'orifice 20 de l'élément tubulaire 3b, dans l'embout femelle 11 de l'élément tubulaire 3a. Lorsque l'embout mâle 12 de l'élément tubulaire 3c est emboîté dans l'embout femelle 11 de l'élément tubulaire 3a, ce qui est représenté en pointillés sur la figure 1, une rotation vers l'extérieur de l'élément tubulaire 3c, représenté par la flèche A, permet le clavetage du montant 4 de l'élément tubulaire 3c sur le montant 4 de l'élément 3a par coopération de l'ergot 21 avec le décrochement circonférentiel 16 de la découpe 14. L'élément tubulaire 3c se trouve alors dans le plan de l'élément tubulaire 3a. Il faut noter que l'introduction de l'embout mâle 12 de l'élément tubulaire 3c dans l'embout femelle 11 de l'élément tubulaire 3a, à travers l'orifice 20 de l'élément tubulaire 3b, entraîne le verrouillage en rotation de l'élément 3b.The slot 15 allows the angular positioning and the guiding of the element 3c during the introduction of its male end piece 12, through the orifice 20 of the tubular element 3b, in the female end piece 11 of the tubular element 3a. When the male end 12 of the tubular element 3c is fitted into the female end 11 of the tubular element 3a, which is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1, an outward rotation of the tubular element 3c , represented by arrow A, allows the keying of the amount 4 of the tubular element 3c on the amount 4 of the element 3a by cooperation of the lug 21 with the circumferential recess 16 of the cutout 14. The tubular element 3c is then in the plane of the tubular element 3a. It should be noted that the introduction of the male end piece 12 of the tubular element 3c into the female end piece 11 of the tubular element 3a, through the orifice 20 of the tubular element 3b, causes the locking in rotation of the element 3b.

Le soubassement de la tour d'étaiement peut être réalisé par tout moyen connu à condition qu'il présente dans ses coins, des embouts femelles 11 pour loger les embouts mâles 12 des éléments tubulaires 3a, 3b du premier étage 2a, et des ergots 21 pour claveter lesdits éléments tubulaires. De préférence ce soubassement est constitué par des éléments de base 22, représentés sur la Figure 4 ayant une structure voisine de l'élément tubulaire 3, si ce n'est que le montant 4 comporte un dispositif 23 connu de réglage en hauteur.The base of the shoring tower can be achieved by any known means provided that it has in its corners, female end pieces 11 for housing the male end pieces 12 of the tubular elements 3a, 3b of the first stage 2a, and lugs 21 to key said tubular elements. Preferably this base is constituted by basic elements 22, shown in Figure 4 having a structure close to the tubular element 3, except that the upright 4 includes a known device 23 for height adjustment.

Le verrouillage des éléments tubulaires 3 de l'étage supérieur de la tour d'étaiement 1 est réalisé par des fourches de tête 24, en elles-même connues, représentées sur la figure 5, réglable en hauteur et dont les pieds sont introduits dans les embouts femelles 11 des éléments tubulaires 3 du dernier étage et comportent une rainure de guidage 25, coopérant avec les ergots 21.The tubular elements 3 of the upper stage of the shoring tower 1 are locked in place by head forks 24, known in themselves, shown in FIG. 5, adjustable in height and the feet of which are introduced into the female end pieces 11 of the tubular elements 3 of the last stage and have a guide groove 25, cooperating with the lugs 21.

Lorsque la tour d'étaiement 1 a une section carrée ou rectangulaire, on peut relier deux noeuds d'assemblage disposés à l'opposé dans le même plan horizontal par une diagonale 26 représentée sur la figure 6 qui comporte à ses extrémités des crochets 27 destinés à coopérer avec les longerons 5.When the shoring tower 1 has a square or rectangular section, it is possible to connect two assembly nodes arranged opposite in the same horizontal plane by a diagonal 26 shown in FIG. 6 which has hooks 27 intended at its ends to cooperate with the side members 5.

La figure 7 montre un élément de plancher 28 constitué d'un cadre triangulaire et d'une grille et pouvant reposer sur un longeron 5 et une diagonale 26 à l'aide de crochets 29.FIG. 7 shows a floor element 28 consisting of a triangular frame and a grid and able to rest on a spar 5 and a diagonal 26 using hooks 29.

L'embout femelle 11 et l'embout mâle 12 peuvent être réalisés sur le montant 4 par tout procédé connu. En particulier l'embout mâle 12 peut consister en un tube emmanché à l'extrémité inférieur du montant 4 et formant avec celui-ci un épaulement 30. Dans ce cas la plaque horizontale 18 est interposée entre un embout femelle 11 et l'épaulement 30.The female end piece 11 and the male end piece 12 can be produced on the upright 4 by any known method. In particular the male end piece 12 may consist of a tube fitted at the lower end of the upright 4 and forming a shoulder 30 therewith. In this case the horizontal plate 18 is interposed between a female end piece 11 and the shoulder 30 .

Mais on peut également réaliser l'embout femelle 11 à l'aide d'un manchon prévu à l'extrémité supérieure du montant 4, l'embout mâle 12 étant alors formé par l'extrémité inférieure du montant 4.However, the female end fitting 11 can also be produced using a sleeve provided at the upper end of the upright 4, the male end fitting 12 then being formed by the lower end of the upright 4.

Dans ce cas la plaque horizontale 18 repose sur l'extrémité supérieure du manchon femelle 11.In this case, the horizontal plate 18 rests on the upper end of the female sleeve 11.

Selon une variante de réalisation représentée sur la figure 8, la plaque horizontale 18 peut se présenter sous la forme d'une rondelle munie d'une pluralité d'encoches 31 permettant la fixation d'éléments d'échafaudage connus.According to an alternative embodiment shown in Figure 8, the horizontal plate 18 may be in the form of a washer provided with a plurality of notches 31 allowing the fixing of known scaffolding elements.

Les éléments tubulaires 3 décrits ci-dessus permettent le montage de la structure tubulaire par emboîtement des montants 4 et rotation des éléments tubulaires 3 autour de leurs montants 4.The tubular elements 3 described above allow the tubular structure to be mounted by fitting the uprights 4 and rotating the tubular elements 3 around their uprights 4.

L'embout femelle 11 et l'embout mâle 12 de ces éléments tubulaires 3 ont des sections circulaires.The female end 11 and the male end 12 of these tubular elements 3 have circular sections.

Selon une variante de réalisation, l'embout femelle 11 est de section circulaire et l'embout mâle présente une section polygonale, par exemple carrée. Dans ce cas la découpe 14 de l'embout mâle 12 se présente sous la forme d'une simple encoche disposée en regard de l'encoche 13 de l'élément femelle 11 correspondant lorsque ledit embout mâle 12 est verrouillé sur ledit embout femelle 11. La fente longitudinale de guidage 15 décrite ci-dessus est alors remplacée par l'espace délimité par le côté de l'embout mâle présentant ladite encoche et la paroi de l'embout femelle 11. Cette disposition diminue les surfaces qui sont en contact.According to an alternative embodiment, the female end piece 11 is of circular section and the male end piece has a polygonal section, for example square. In this case, the cutout 14 of the male end piece 12 is in the form of a simple notch placed opposite the notch 13 of the corresponding female element 11 when said male end piece 12 is locked on said female end piece 11. The longitudinal guide slot 15 described above is then replaced by the space delimited by the side of the male end having said notch and the wall of the female end 11. This arrangement reduces the surfaces which are in contact.

Claims (4)

  1. A three-dimensional tubular structure such as a scaffolding tower comprising a plurality of similar superimposed stages (2a, 2b), each stage being produced by assembling tubular elements (3a, 3b), in which:
    a) each tubular element (3) comprises a vertical upright (4), a side member (5) extending horizontally from the upper end of said upright and a strut (7) connecting the lower end of said upright (4) to the end of said side member that is at a distance from said upright (4),
    b) said upright (4) comprises a female joining piece (11) at its upper end and a male joining piece (12) at its lower end so as to allow the uprights (4) corresponding to two successive stages to fit together,
    c) each tubular element (3) further comprises a clip (17) arranged at the end of the side member (5) that is at a distance from the upright (4), said clip (17) having a horizontal plate (18) provided so as to rest on the female joining piece (11) of the upright (4) of the adjacent tubular element (3a) of the same stage (2a), said plate (18) comprising an orifice (20) provided for the passage of the male joining piece (12) of an upright (4) of the stage (2b) located immediately above, because of which each tubular element (3) is fixed in rotation about its upright (4),
    d) means are provided for fastening the upright (4) of each tubular element (3) to the upright (4) of the corresponding element of the stage immediately below,
    said structure being characterised in that
    1) the clip (17) of each tubular element (3) also has a tongue (19) extending in a plane perpendicular to said tubular element (3),
    2) the female joining piece (11) of the upright (4) of each tubular element (3) has a notch (13) through its wall, provided so as to receive the tongue (19) of the clip (17) of the adjacent tubular element (3b) of the same stage (2a), the length of said tongue (19) being made such that its end forms a lug (21) in the inner cavity of said female joining piece (11),
    3) the male joining piece (12) of the upright of each tubular element (3) comprises a cut-out (14) intended to cooperate with the lug (21) of the female joining piece (11) of the corresponding upright (4) of the stage immediately below (2a) so as to allow said tubular element (3) to be guided during fitting and to be fastened in rotation about its upright (4).
  2. A structure according to Claim 1, characterised in that the male joining piece (12) and the female joining piece (11) have circular cross sections and in that the cut-out (14) in the male joining piece (12) has a longitudinal slot (15) leading out to the end face of said male joining piece (12) and a circumferential unhooking portion (16).
  3. A structure according to Claim 1, characterised in that the female joining piece (11) has a circular cross section and the male joining piece (12) has a polygonal cross section.
  4. A structure according to Claim 3, characterised in that the cut-out (14) in the male joining piece has the form of a notch arranged to face the notch (13) of the corresponding female joining piece.
EP92400437A 1991-01-21 1992-02-19 Three-dimensional tubular structure Expired - Lifetime EP0500459B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9102103A FR2671816B1 (en) 1991-01-21 1991-01-21 THREE-DIMENSIONAL TUBULAR STRUCTURE.
FR9102103 1991-02-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0500459A1 EP0500459A1 (en) 1992-08-26
EP0500459B1 true EP0500459B1 (en) 1995-11-02

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EP92400437A Expired - Lifetime EP0500459B1 (en) 1991-01-21 1992-02-19 Three-dimensional tubular structure

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EP (1) EP0500459B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE129771T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69205702T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2083114T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2671816B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2879638B1 (en) * 2004-12-17 2007-03-30 Mills Sa FRAME FOR TILT TOWER AND TILT TOWER EQUIPPED WITH
ES2277512B1 (en) * 2005-04-15 2008-06-16 Sixto Iraolagotia Ugalde CIMBRA FOR FORMWORK.
CN101988305B (en) * 2009-08-05 2012-06-13 徐泽樟 Novel low-layer prefabricated assembled steel structure house system
FR3001243B1 (en) * 2013-01-21 2016-03-25 Hussor Erecta CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT, IN PARTICULAR FOR SCAFFOLDING OR SIMILAR, PROVIDED WITH A LATCHING DEVICE
DE102014222323A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-04 Hünnebeck GmbH Base frame element and base frame for a scaffold tower and scaffolding tower with such
NO2688526T3 (en) * 2014-10-31 2018-03-10
FR3094735A1 (en) * 2019-04-04 2020-10-09 Nord Coffrage Secure assembly and disassembly tower

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2811395A (en) * 1954-02-03 1957-10-29 Zigmund J Jagiel Brace attaching means for scaffold frames
CH368924A (en) * 1961-06-03 1963-04-30 Alberti Jacques Removable construction
CH403270A (en) * 1963-06-25 1965-11-30 Alberti Jacques Scaffolding
NL7302644A (en) * 1973-02-26 1974-08-28
ZA752650B (en) * 1975-04-24 1976-11-24 Form Scaff Pty Ltd Improvements in or relating to scaffolding
FR2621342B1 (en) * 1987-10-06 1990-02-02 Entrepose Montalev SCAFFOLDING WITH TRIANGULAR ELEMENTS

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ES2083114T3 (en) 1996-04-01
DE69205702D1 (en) 1995-12-07
ATE129771T1 (en) 1995-11-15
DE69205702T2 (en) 1996-06-27
FR2671816B1 (en) 1998-08-28
FR2671816A1 (en) 1992-07-24
EP0500459A1 (en) 1992-08-26

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