EP0493196A1 - Dreidimensionales Gewebe und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents

Dreidimensionales Gewebe und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0493196A1
EP0493196A1 EP91403436A EP91403436A EP0493196A1 EP 0493196 A1 EP0493196 A1 EP 0493196A1 EP 91403436 A EP91403436 A EP 91403436A EP 91403436 A EP91403436 A EP 91403436A EP 0493196 A1 EP0493196 A1 EP 0493196A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armor
elements
basic
warp
threads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91403436A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0493196B1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Baudonnel
Jacques Loustalot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrielle Des Ets La Chaignaud-Silac Ste
Original Assignee
Industrielle Des Ets La Chaignaud-Silac Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Industrielle Des Ets La Chaignaud-Silac Ste filed Critical Industrielle Des Ets La Chaignaud-Silac Ste
Publication of EP0493196A1 publication Critical patent/EP0493196A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0493196B1 publication Critical patent/EP0493196B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/004—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft with weave pattern being non-standard or providing special effects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-dimensional woven textile structure and its manufacturing process.
  • weaving is very frequently used in the production of technical materials because of its very many properties (workability, mechanical resistance, long service life, ).
  • thermoplastic or thermoset materials based on resins and natural reinforcing fibers (vegetable and / or mineral) or synthetic for replace metal, which is generally expensive, heavy, difficult to handle, and which poses aging problems.
  • This difficulty is usually overcome by stacking several layers of flat (or 2D) fabric made with strong textile fiber yarns, and the resin or more generally the binder is successively deposited between each layer.
  • the material obtained by this solution has good deformability, it also has strong delamination.
  • patent FR 2,610,951 which describes a woven reinforcement for composite material, consisting of overlapping plies, of at least two parallel threads.
  • This reinforcement corresponds to a stack of flat reinforcements woven in two dimensions (2D), but is indelaminable like 3D structures. It is an intermediate frame between 2D and 3D.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a totally three-dimensional woven reinforcement, consisting of chains of distinct and independent developments and not in formation by plies, and having both deformation capacities in space similar to that of knitted fabrics. and high resistance to traction (after hot shaping), tearing, tearing, impact and delamination.
  • the subject of the invention is the process for producing a multi-chain textile structure woven in three dimensions. and of substantial thickness, characterized in that different basic armor, simple or fundamental known per se, are juxtaposed on multiple warps and wefts, so that their combination gives a general armor composed of elements of armor which are deduce from each other from at least one prime element.
  • the invention also relates to the multi-chain textile structure of substantial thickness woven in three dimensions according to the preceding method characterized in that its weave is composed of weave elements grouped in a square matrix and obtained by combination of basic weaves, simple or fundamental known per se, all of the same armor ratio, the armor elements deducing from each other from at least one primary armor element.
  • the invention finally relates to the use of the textile structure thus defined and produced according to the process described above as a composite material characterized in that the threads which compose it are made of synthetic or natural reinforcing materials previously associated with resin thermoplastic or subsequently impregnated with thermosetting resin.
  • the composite material is also remarkable by the fact that the warp threads, as well as for the weft threads, located on each of the right and reverse sides and on the intermediate warps, are composed of fibers of different characteristics, for example fibers reinforcement or thermoplastic: location - metal, intermediate - glass, backing - PA
  • a textile structure according to the invention has been illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
  • the example relates to an armor made up of six chains and eight wefts, but this choice is not limiting and the structure can comprise three, four, five, seven chains and more, the number being limited in practice only by the capacity of looms.
  • Figures 3 and 4 are symbolic representations of the textile woven according to the invention; they represent the weave of the fabric, that is to say the arrangement or combination of the warp threads with the weft threads.
  • Figure 1 shows some modes of obtaining armor elements and their distribution.
  • the figure 1-a shows a derivative by symmetry: the element E1 is the prime element; it is composed in such a way that the "caught" (warp threads which pass over a weft thread) are distributed substantially on one side of a diagonal. In the figure, as in the rest of the presentation, the filled squares (grayed out or other) are taken, the others, left blank, are "left".
  • the double symmetry by rotation around the vertical v and horizontal h axes gives the intermediate element E′1.
  • the second element E2 is obtained by inverting the taken and left of the intermediate element, a taken becoming a left and vice versa.
  • the figure 1-b shows a derivation by inversion by half.
  • the element E3 is produced in the following way: the half, for example upper E3s of the armor element E3 is freely composed; the lower half E3i of the armor element is deduced by double rotation and inversion of the taken and left of the upper half found in the neighboring element.
  • Figure 1-c illustrates the distribution in damask or diagonal of the elements giving the general weave G: all the elements E1 of the first diagonal are identical, the elements E2 and E3 are respectively arranged in parallel; this distribution is the arrangement of the general armor G of FIG. 4.
  • the elements E1 and E2 are prime elements, that is to say of prior composition.
  • the basic weaves chosen in the example and illustrated in FIG. 1 are weaves with a "warp effect" (the warp yarns mostly pass over the weft yarns) or twill type.
  • the armor of FIG. 4 is produced by the construction shown in FIG. 3.
  • each basic weave B has up to 9 crossings of threads which each represent the warp threads passing over a weft thread: when a warp thread passes over a thread frame (taken) it is represented by filling the corresponding box; when it passes under the weft thread (left) the box is left empty.
  • the position of each location taken or left can be individualized in a frame with two variables x and y, each having the value I, II, or III.
  • the structure includes 6 chains evolving on 8 frames. This is shown in the figure by 6 columns of chains of 8 frame lines each.
  • the left column a represents the place chains
  • the right column f the back chains
  • the intermediate columns b, c, d, e the intermediate chains.
  • the lower line 1 represents the front wefts and the upper line 8 the reverse wefts, and the lines 2 to 7 the intermediate wefts.
  • Each basic element B can therefore be located in its turn in a coordinate system with two variables X (on the ordinate in the figure) and Y (on the abscissa), X varying from a to f and Y, from 1 to 8.
  • the general armor G in Figure 4 is deduced from the construction of the figure by reversing the reading order of the variables: X, Y, x, and y becomes x, y, X, Y.
  • Figure 4 also shows the path of the warp and weft son in space.
  • the horizontal axis x is the direction of evolution of the frames in the chains
  • the vertical axis y is that of the evolution of the chains in the frames.
  • weft threads 13 have a path which is rectilinear over most of their path, which ensures very limited shrinkage.
  • the great interest of this structure is in its realization with composite wires previously associated with resin.
  • the composite material obtained has qualities hitherto difficult to achieve. Indeed, while its deformability at the end of the loom is very large and comparable to that of a knitted fabric, the embuvage is very reduced or even nonexistent and its resistance capacity is very high. But what is most interesting is that the resistance modulus is high from the start.
  • the table below indicates characteristics of different fibers used in the manufacture of composite bodies.
  • the composite structure according to the invention produced with yarns themselves composed of fibers gives characteristics which are only 10 to 20% lower than those of the fibers, that is to say barely 10% less than the characteristics of the yarns.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Bedding Items (AREA)
  • Outer Garments And Coats (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP91403436A 1990-12-28 1991-12-18 Dreidimensionales Gewebe und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0493196B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9016455 1990-12-28
FR9016455A FR2671111B1 (fr) 1990-12-28 1990-12-28 Structure textile multichaines tissee en trois dimensions et son procede de fabrication.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0493196A1 true EP0493196A1 (de) 1992-07-01
EP0493196B1 EP0493196B1 (de) 1999-03-17

Family

ID=9403817

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91403436A Expired - Lifetime EP0493196B1 (de) 1990-12-28 1991-12-18 Dreidimensionales Gewebe und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0493196B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE177795T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69131008D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2671111B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015123711A1 (de) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-27 Kurt Hofstetter Textiler verbundwerkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2925098A (en) * 1955-07-26 1960-02-16 Gentex Corp Ballistic fabric
FR2523602A1 (fr) * 1982-03-22 1983-09-23 Staeubli Ag Procede et dispositif pour etablir de nouveaux dessins de tissu et supports de donnees
EP0117994A1 (de) * 1983-02-03 1984-09-12 Chemie Linz Aktiengesellschaft Hitzesterilisierbare Decke und ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
EP0258102A2 (de) * 1986-08-01 1988-03-02 Brochier S.A. Mit einer multidimensionalen Textilstruktur verstärktes geschichtetes Material und seine Herstellung
EP0283334A1 (de) * 1987-02-17 1988-09-21 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle Gewebte Armierung für zusammengestelltes Baumaterial
EP0286004A1 (de) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-12 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gewebe mit Mehrschichtenaufbau und ein derartiges Gewebe enthaltender Verbundwerkstoff

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2925098A (en) * 1955-07-26 1960-02-16 Gentex Corp Ballistic fabric
FR2523602A1 (fr) * 1982-03-22 1983-09-23 Staeubli Ag Procede et dispositif pour etablir de nouveaux dessins de tissu et supports de donnees
EP0117994A1 (de) * 1983-02-03 1984-09-12 Chemie Linz Aktiengesellschaft Hitzesterilisierbare Decke und ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
EP0258102A2 (de) * 1986-08-01 1988-03-02 Brochier S.A. Mit einer multidimensionalen Textilstruktur verstärktes geschichtetes Material und seine Herstellung
EP0283334A1 (de) * 1987-02-17 1988-09-21 AEROSPATIALE Société Nationale Industrielle Gewebte Armierung für zusammengestelltes Baumaterial
EP0286004A1 (de) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-12 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Gewebe mit Mehrschichtenaufbau und ein derartiges Gewebe enthaltender Verbundwerkstoff

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015123711A1 (de) * 2014-02-18 2015-08-27 Kurt Hofstetter Textiler verbundwerkstoff und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE177795T1 (de) 1999-04-15
EP0493196B1 (de) 1999-03-17
FR2671111A1 (fr) 1992-07-03
DE69131008D1 (de) 1999-04-22
FR2671111B1 (fr) 1993-03-19

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