EP0489292A1 - Method of glazing earthenware and porcelain - Google Patents

Method of glazing earthenware and porcelain Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0489292A1
EP0489292A1 EP91119514A EP91119514A EP0489292A1 EP 0489292 A1 EP0489292 A1 EP 0489292A1 EP 91119514 A EP91119514 A EP 91119514A EP 91119514 A EP91119514 A EP 91119514A EP 0489292 A1 EP0489292 A1 EP 0489292A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glaze
glazing
glazed
pot
movement
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Granted
Application number
EP91119514A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0489292B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Dipl.-Ing. Voit (Fh)
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Voit Michael GmbH
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Voit Michael GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C3/00—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/02—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C3/09—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles
    • B05C3/10—Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a bulk quantity of liquid or other fluent material the work being immersed in the liquid or other fluent material for treating separate articles the articles being moved through the liquid or other fluent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/044—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with glaze or engobe or enamel or varnish
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/045—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers by dipping

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, in particular hollow ware such as bowls, pots, cans or the like, with at least one glaze station, which has at least one glaze pot which is to be glazed by suction on the floor and which is around its axis is rotatable and can be swiveled towards a glazing bath for at least partial immersion in it and away from it.
  • the machine described therein includes, among other things, a glaze station with a workpiece holder which has at least one glaze pot on which the goods to be glazed are held with their base by means of suction .
  • the at least one glaze pot of the workpiece holder in the glaze station is movable in such a way that it can rotate about its own axis and at the same time is pivoted into a glaze bath into which the material is at least partially immersed and then swiveled out of the glaze bath.
  • This pivoting movement of the glaze pot is limited by the mechanical arrangement on the workpiece holder and on the support arm in the glaze station to an angular range of less than 180 °, for example to about 120 °.
  • Such a machine works for glazing flatware, like plates or the like, satisfactory.
  • the invention aims to provide a machine for glazing earthenware and porcelain of the generic type which overcomes the difficulties outlined above and which allows a uniform glaze application in a fully automatic manner, even with hollow tableware, in a reliable manner.
  • a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, in particular hollow ware, such as bowls, pots, cans or the like is distinguished for this purpose.
  • at least one glaze station which has at least one glaze pot holding the goods to be glazed by suction on the floor, which is rotatable about its axis and can be pivoted in the direction of a glaze bath for at least partial immersion in and away from it, in that the glaze pot can be moved with the material to be glazed in a direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level.
  • the glaze pot is thus moved in a further spatial movement axis, ie in a direction perpendicular to the glazing bath level or essentially in the vertical direction by means of a corresponding drive and guide device.
  • this additional movement in a further axial direction ensures that the goods to be glazed, which are held in place by suction at the glaze pot, during an essentially linear movement after emerging from the glazing bath, the depth of the walls of the good to be glazed can be reliably wetted with the glaze in the glazing bath and a uniform glaze application over the outer and inner walls of the good to be glazed even with one bulbous formation of the good is achieved, but at the same time the glaze can run in an approximately 180 ° pivoted position of the glazed good and the excess glaze can drip into the glazing bath.
  • the design is preferably such that, starting from a receiving position in which the material to be glazed is transferred to the glazing pot, the glaze pot is immersed in the glazing bath while passing through a glazing position, and then up to an angle of approximately 180 ° is pivoted.
  • the swivel angle range for the glaze pot is significantly expanded.
  • the material held and glazed on the glaze pot can be moved in a substantially perpendicular arrangement to the glazing bath level.
  • the path for the vertical movement of the glaze pot is variable and can be adapted to the depth of the item to be glazed and / or the specific shape of the item.
  • the glaze pot with the material to be glazed facing the glazing bath is preferably moved linearly back and forth in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level. As a result, the goods to be glazed and the glaze pot holding them can be given a substantially straight and vertical movement.
  • the vertical up and down movement is preferably carried out when the material is immersed in the glazing bath.
  • different forms of movement are possible in the glaze pot of the machine according to the invention, since with a corresponding combination and coordination of the degrees of freedom of movement, a three-axis form of movement of the glaze pot and the goods held there and to be glazed can be realized.
  • the movement speed and the movement path of the up and down movement of the glaze pot perpendicular to the glazing bath level can preferably be regulated.
  • the rotary movement of the glaze pot about its own axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement of the glaze pot are well-matched to one another, so that even with complicated clay and porcelain goods with undercuts u . Like. reliably receives an even glaze application on the entire surface of the goods to be glazed.
  • the rotary movement of the glaze pot about its axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement can be controlled separately from one another, so that an almost universal control mode for the movement shape of the glaze pot is obtained.
  • the glaze pot is attached to a workpiece holder
  • the workpiece holder can preferably be moved together with the glaze pot and the material to be glazed in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level.
  • the workpiece holder becomes linear assigned in the vertical direction, which carries the overall arrangement comprising the workpiece holder, the glaze pot, the material to be glazed and held by the glaze pot and the drive devices for the movements of the glaze pot and / or the workpiece holder.
  • a glaze station is thus provided in a machine for glazing earthenware and porcelain, in which the material to be glazed can be moved separately on an additional further movement axis or in combination with the swiveling and rotating movement of the glaze pot.
  • Fig. 1 is shown as an example, generally designated 1 machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, which is designed and designed such that three parts to be glazed 2 can be treated and processed per station.
  • A the feed area is shown, which among other things has a centering station 3. Further details of the same are given in DE-OS 38 15 822.
  • the goods to be glazed like the parts 2 to be glazed, are introduced into the centering station 3 as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1. After being centered in the centering station 3, the parts 2 to be glazed are transferred to a glazing station 5 with the aid of assigned suction cups 4. Further details of the glazing station 5 are explained in more detail in particular with reference to FIG. 2.
  • a discharge area C which is designed in the same or similar way as shown in DE-OS 38 15 822, and can comprise a sponge belt 8 on which the foot or bottom parts of the glazed good are placed, whereby the suction cups 6 are rotated together with the good held by them via a suction rotary drive device 7 in order to finish the foot or the bottom area of the glazed good for a later treatment of glaze to free.
  • This rotary movement is illustrated by arrows in the glazed parts 9 in the discharge area C.
  • a preferred embodiment of a glazing station 5 is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a workpiece holder 10 is arranged, which is attached to a slide 11, which can be moved up and down along a straight guide 12.
  • a glaze pot 13 is mounted on the workpiece holder 10 so as to be rotatable about its own axis and pivotably about an essentially horizontal axis. Further details regarding the drive devices and the bearings can be found in DE-OS 38 15 822.
  • 14 with a motor is designated, which gives the glaze pot 13 a rotary movement about its axis.
  • 15 with a motor is designated, the glaze pot 13 a pivoting movement issued about a direction shown approximately horizontally in FIG. 1.
  • a reciprocatingly movable as well as up and down movable suction arrangement 16 which according to FIG. 1 comprises at least three suction devices, the goods previously centered in the centering station 3 and to be glazed (see part 2 to be glazed on the top of the glaze pot 13 ) discontinued.
  • the interior of the glaze pot 13 is at least partially filled with glaze mass.
  • the suction arrangement 16 is retracted, and the glaze pot 13 with the part 2 to be glazed held there is rotated or pivoted through an angular range of 180 ° into the position shown in FIG. 2 below.
  • the glaze mass which forms a glaze bath with a corresponding glaze bath level, is located in a glaze pan 17.
  • the arrangement of the workpiece holder 10, glaze pot 13 and part 2 to be glazed is perpendicular to the plane formed by the glazing bath mirror 18, ie in FIG. 2 in a substantially vertical direction, preferably in a straight line - and moved, as shown by a double arrow in Fig.2.
  • the part 2 to be glazed is immersed more or less deeply in the glaze mass in the glaze pan 17.
  • the glaze pot 13 can be rotated in its immersed state about its own axis by means of the motor 14.
  • the depth of immersion of the part 2 to be glazed in the glazing bath in the glaze pan 17 is selected accordingly by coordinating the path of movement of the carriage 11 so that the part 2 to be glazed is substantially completely and uniformly wetted with the glaze mass.
  • the speed of rotation of the glaze pot 13 about its axis and the pivoting speed and / or the pivoting angle and the pivoting movement sequence can be coordinated and controlled separately or in combination with one another.
  • the glaze pot 13 is then moved out of the glaze bath in the glaze pan 17 together with the part which is now glazed and held thereon, pivoted back and then finally brought back into the starting position. With the aid of the suction arrangement 16, the now glazed part is then transferred to the discharge area C in FIG. 1 and then deposited there.
  • three glaze pots 13 are arranged in a row one behind the other in the preferred embodiment selected. According to FIG. 1, these three glaze pots 13 are assigned three suction arrangements 16, which can be combined to form a suction unit. Of course, more than three or fewer than three suction device arrangements 16 and suction devices 4 and correspondingly assigned devices of the machine 1 can also be provided. A number of at least two is preferred. Depending on the desired output of the machine 1, a rotary table arrangement can also be selected, as is shown in DE-OS 38 15 822. The glazing station is then modified in accordance with the details given above so that the movement possibilities for the glaze pot 13 are obtained in accordance with the glazing station 5 according to the design according to the invention.
  • the movements of the glaze pot 13 can be controlled separately from one another or can also be controlled in a correspondingly combined manner.
  • This almost universal control option for the movements of the glaze pot 13 enables a well-specific coordination of the movements of the glaze pot 13.
  • the properties of the glaze mass to be applied such as its viscosity and the like, can also be used in the control sequence. Find consideration.
  • the invention is not limited to the details described above, but numerous changes and modifications are possible, which the person skilled in the art will make if necessary, without departing from the inventive concept.
  • the glaze pot 13 is pivoted by at least 180 ° and / or can be moved up and down in a direction essentially perpendicular to the glazing bath level 18.
  • These forms of movement of the glaze pot 13 in the glazing station 5 can also be realized by means of a combined universal drive if necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus is specified for glazing earthenware and porcelain (2), in particular hollow utensils such as dishes, pots, bowls or the like. This apparatus includes a glazing station (5), in which the article (2) to be glazed is provided with a glaze coating automatically and uniformly even in cases where the article to be glazed is of a great depth or a bulged design. The glaze pot (13) carrying and holding the article (2) to be glazed is in this case swung out of a receiving position, in which the article to be glazed is set down on the glaze pot, through an angular range of about 180 DEG . Furthermore, the glaze pot (13) with the article (2) on top of it is moved in this position at an angle of about 180 DEG essentially perpendicularly to the glazing bath level (18) of a glazing bath (17) in a glaze tank. The excess glaze can run out of the inner space of the dip-glazed article. At the same time, the glaze pot (13) can be turned about its own axis during glazing and in the state where it is immersed in the glazing bath and/or else during the swinging movement. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren, insbesondere Hohlgeschirre wie Schüssein, Töpfe, Dosen o.dgl., mit wenigstens einer Glasurstation, die wenigstens einen das zu glasierende Gut mittels Saugwirkung am Boden haltenden Glasurtopf aufweist, der um seine Achse drehbar und in Richtung auf ein Glasierbad zum wenigstens teilweisen Eintauchen in dasselbe und von diesem weg schwenkbar ist.The invention relates to a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, in particular hollow ware such as bowls, pots, cans or the like, with at least one glaze station, which has at least one glaze pot which is to be glazed by suction on the floor and which is around its axis is rotatable and can be swiveled towards a glazing bath for at least partial immersion in it and away from it.

Aus der eigenen DE-OS 38 15 822, veröffentlicht am 23. November 1989, sind eine Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren und ein Werkstückhalter hierfür bekannt. Zum Aufbringen einer gleichmäßigen Glasur auf den Ton- und Porzellanwaren ohne Glasurläufer bei einer automatischen Durchführung der Glasierarbeiten umfaßt die dort beschriebene Maschine u.a. eine Glasurstation mit einem Werkstückhalter, der wenigstens einen Glasurtopf aufweist, an dem das zu glasierende Gut mit seinem Boden mittels Saugwirkung gehalten ist. Der wenigstens eine Glasurtopf des Werkstückhalters in der Glasurstation ist so bewegbar, daß er eine Drehbewegung um seine eigene Achse ausführen kann und zugleich in ein Glasurbad geschwenkt, in das das Gut wenigstens teilweise eingetaucht wird, und dann wieder aus dem Glasierbad herausgeschwenkt wird. Diese Schwenkbewegung des Glasurtopfs ist durch die mechanische Anordnung am Werkstückhalter und an dem Tragarm in der Glasurstation auf einen Winkelbereich von kleiner 180°, beispielsweise auf etwa 120° begrenzt. Eine solche Maschine arbeitet zum Glasieren von Flachgeschirr, wie Teller o.dgl., zufriedenstellend. Es hat sich aber gezeigt, daß bei Hohlgeschirr, d.h. bei solchen Ton- und Porzellanwaren, die eine relativ große Tiefe haben, oder bauchig ausgebildet sind, wie beispielsweise bei Schüsseln, Töpfen, Dosen, Suppenterrinen o.dgl., sich Schwierigkeiten bei einem gleichmäßigen Benetzen des Hohlgeschirrs beim Glasieren ergeben, da durch die Tiefe oder die bauchige Ausbildung des zu glasierenden Guts nur ein Eintauchen in das Glasierbad während der Schwenkbewegung nicht ausreicht.From DE-OS 38 15 822, published on November 23, 1989, a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain and a workpiece holder are known for this. To apply a uniform glaze to the pottery and porcelain without a glaze runner when the glazing work is carried out automatically, the machine described therein includes, among other things, a glaze station with a workpiece holder which has at least one glaze pot on which the goods to be glazed are held with their base by means of suction . The at least one glaze pot of the workpiece holder in the glaze station is movable in such a way that it can rotate about its own axis and at the same time is pivoted into a glaze bath into which the material is at least partially immersed and then swiveled out of the glaze bath. This pivoting movement of the glaze pot is limited by the mechanical arrangement on the workpiece holder and on the support arm in the glaze station to an angular range of less than 180 °, for example to about 120 °. Such a machine works for glazing flatware, like plates or the like, satisfactory. However, it has been found that in the case of hollow crockery, that is to say in the case of earthenware and porcelain which have a relatively large depth, or which are bulge-shaped, such as, for example, bowls, pots, cans, soup tureens or the like, difficulties arise with uniformity Wetting of the hollow ware during glazing results, since, due to the depth or the bulbous design of the goods to be glazed, only immersing them in the glazing bath during the swiveling movement is not sufficient.

Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, unter Überwindung der zuvor geschilderten Schwierigkeiten eine Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren der gattungsgemäßen Art bereitzustellen, die auf vollautomatische Weise einen gleichmässigen Glasurauftrag auch bei Hohlgeschirrgegenständen auf zuverlässige Weise erlaubt.The invention aims to provide a machine for glazing earthenware and porcelain of the generic type which overcomes the difficulties outlined above and which allows a uniform glaze application in a fully automatic manner, even with hollow tableware, in a reliable manner.

Nach der Erfindung zeichnet sich hierzu eine Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren, insbesondere Hohlgeschirr, wie Schüsseln, Töpfe, Dosen o.dgl. mit wenigstens einer Glasurstation, die wenigstens einen das zu glasierende Gut mittels Saugwirkung am Boden haltenden Glasurtopf aufweist, der um seine Achse drehbar und in Richtung auf ein Glasierbad zum wenigstens teilweisen Eintauchen in dasselbe und von diesem weg schwenkbar ist, dadurch aus, daß der Glasurtopf mit dem zu glasierenden Gut in eine etwa senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel weisende Richtung bewegbar ist.According to the invention, a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, in particular hollow ware, such as bowls, pots, cans or the like, is distinguished for this purpose. with at least one glaze station which has at least one glaze pot holding the goods to be glazed by suction on the floor, which is rotatable about its axis and can be pivoted in the direction of a glaze bath for at least partial immersion in and away from it, in that the glaze pot can be moved with the material to be glazed in a direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegung der Glasiermaschine wird somit der Glasurtopf in einer weiteren Raumbewegungsachse, d.h. in eine Richtung senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel oder im wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung mittels einer entsprechenden Antriebs- und Führungseinrichtung bewegt.In the design of the glazing machine according to the invention, the glaze pot is thus moved in a further spatial movement axis, ie in a direction perpendicular to the glazing bath level or essentially in the vertical direction by means of a corresponding drive and guide device.

Bei Hohlgeschirr, wie Schüsseln o.dgl., das bauchig ausgebildet sein kann und eine relativ große Tiefe hat, wird durch diese zusätzliche Bewegung in einer weiteren Achsrichtung erzielt, daß das zu glasierende Gut, das mit seinem Boden mittels Saugwirkung am Glasurtopf gehalten ist, während einer im wesentlichen linearen Bewegung nach dem Austauchen aus dem Glasierbad zwar die in die Tiefe reichenden Wände des zu glasierenden Gutes zuverlässig mit der Glasur im Glasierbad benetzt werden kann und ein gleichmäßiger Glasurauftrag über die Außen- und Innenwände des zu glasierenden Guts hinweg selbst bei einer bauchigen Ausbildung des Guts erzielt wird, aber zugleich die Glasurmasse in einer etwa um 180° geschwenkten Stellung des glasierten Guts ablaufen und die überschüssige Glasurmasse in das Glasierbad abtropfen kann. Vorzugsweise ist nach der Erfindung die Auslegung derart getroffen, daß der Glasurtopf, ausgehend von einer Aufnahmeposition, in der das zu glasierende Gut zu dem Glasiertopf übergeben wird, unter Durchfahren einer Glasierstellung in das Glasierbad eingetaucht wird, und dann bis zu einem Winkel von etwa 180° geschwenkt wird. Bei dieser Auslegung wird somit der Schwenkwinkelbereich für den Glasurtopf wesentlich erweitert. Somit kann das an dem Glasurtopf gehaltene und glasierte Gut in einer im wesentlichen senkrechten Anordnung zum Glasierbadspiegel bewegt werden. Der Weg für die senkrechte Bewegung des Glasurtopfs ist variabel und läßt sich auf die Tiefe des jeweils zu glasierenden Guts und/oder die spezielle Formgestaltung desselben abstimmen.In the case of hollow crockery, such as bowls or the like, which can be bulbous and has a relatively large depth, this additional movement in a further axial direction ensures that the goods to be glazed, which are held in place by suction at the glaze pot, during an essentially linear movement after emerging from the glazing bath, the depth of the walls of the good to be glazed can be reliably wetted with the glaze in the glazing bath and a uniform glaze application over the outer and inner walls of the good to be glazed even with one bulbous formation of the good is achieved, but at the same time the glaze can run in an approximately 180 ° pivoted position of the glazed good and the excess glaze can drip into the glazing bath. According to the invention, the design is preferably such that, starting from a receiving position in which the material to be glazed is transferred to the glazing pot, the glaze pot is immersed in the glazing bath while passing through a glazing position, and then up to an angle of approximately 180 ° is pivoted. With this design, the swivel angle range for the glaze pot is significantly expanded. Thus, the material held and glazed on the glaze pot can be moved in a substantially perpendicular arrangement to the glazing bath level. The path for the vertical movement of the glaze pot is variable and can be adapted to the depth of the item to be glazed and / or the specific shape of the item.

Vorzugsweise wird der Glasurtopf mit dem zum Glasierbad weisenden, zu glasierenden Gut in die etwa senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel weisende Richtung linear hin- und hergehend bewegt. Hierdurch kann dem zu glasierenden Gut und dem Glasurtopf, der dieses hält, eine im wesentlichen geradlinige und senkrechte Bewegung erteilt werden.The glaze pot with the material to be glazed facing the glazing bath is preferably moved linearly back and forth in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level. As a result, the goods to be glazed and the glaze pot holding them can be given a substantially straight and vertical movement.

Vorzugsweise wird die senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung bei aus dem Glasierbad ausgetauchtem Gut vorgenommen. Abweichend hiervon sind natürlich unterschiedliche Bewegungsformen bei dem Glasurtopf der erfindungsgemäßen Maschine möglich, da man bei entsprechender Kombination und Abstimmung der Bewegungsfreiheitsgrade eine dreiachsige Bewegungsform des Glasurtopfs und des daran gehaltenen und zu glasierenden Guts verwirklichen kann. Vorzugsweise ist die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit sowie der Bewegungsweg der senkrecht zu dem Glasierbadspiegel erfolgenden Auf- und Abbewegung des Glasurtopfs regelbar.The vertical up and down movement is preferably carried out when the material is immersed in the glazing bath. Deviating from this, of course, different forms of movement are possible in the glaze pot of the machine according to the invention, since with a corresponding combination and coordination of the degrees of freedom of movement, a three-axis form of movement of the glaze pot and the goods held there and to be glazed can be realized. The movement speed and the movement path of the up and down movement of the glaze pot perpendicular to the glazing bath level can preferably be regulated.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltungsform der Maschine nach der Erfindung sind die Drehbewegung des Glasurtopfs um seine eigene Achse und die Schwenkbewegung und/oder die senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung des Glasurtopfs gutspezifisch aufeinander abgestimmt, so daß man auch bei kompliziert ausgestalteten Ton- und Porzellanwaren mit Hinterschneidungen u.dgl. zuverlässig einen gleichmäßigen Glasurauftrag auf den gesamten zu glasierenden Flächen des Guts erhält.According to an advantageous embodiment of the machine according to the invention, the rotary movement of the glaze pot about its own axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement of the glaze pot are well-matched to one another, so that even with complicated clay and porcelain goods with undercuts u . Like. reliably receives an even glaze application on the entire surface of the goods to be glazed.

Vorzugsweise sind die Drehbewegung des Glasurtopfs um seine Achse und die Schwenkbewegung und/oder die senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung gesondert zueinander steuerbar, so daß man eine nahezu universelle Steuerungsweise für die Bewegungsform des Glasurtopfs erhält.Preferably, the rotary movement of the glaze pot about its axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement can be controlled separately from one another, so that an almost universal control mode for the movement shape of the glaze pot is obtained.

Wenn gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltungsform der Maschine nach der Erfindung der Glasurtopf an einem Werkstückhalter angebracht ist, ist vorzugsweise der Werkstückhalter zusammen mit dem Glasurtopf und dem zu glasierenden Gut in die etwa senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel weisende Richtung bewegbar. In diesem Fall wird dem Werkstückhalter ein linear in senkrechter Richtung geführter Schlitten zugeordnet, welcher die Gesamtanordnung umfassend den Werkstückhalter, den Glasurtopf, das von dem Glasurtopf gehaltene und zu glasierende Gut und die Antriebseinrichtungen für die Bewegungen des Glasurtopfs und/oder des Werkstückhalters trägt.If, according to a further embodiment of the machine according to the invention, the glaze pot is attached to a workpiece holder, the workpiece holder can preferably be moved together with the glaze pot and the material to be glazed in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level. In this case, the workpiece holder becomes linear assigned in the vertical direction, which carries the overall arrangement comprising the workpiece holder, the glaze pot, the material to be glazed and held by the glaze pot and the drive devices for the movements of the glaze pot and / or the workpiece holder.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegung wird somit eine Glasurstation bei einer Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren bereitgestellt, in der das zu glasierende Gut auf einer zusätzlichen weiteren Bewegungsachse gesondert oder in Kombination mit der Schwenk- und Drehbewegung des Glasurtopfs bewegt werden kann. Hierdurch können auch tiefe Ton- und Porzellanwaren, die auch bauchig ausgelegt sein können, vollautomatisch mit Hilfe einer solchen Glasiermaschine gleichmäßig und qualitativ hochwertig mit einem Glasurauftrag versehen werden.In the design according to the invention, a glaze station is thus provided in a machine for glazing earthenware and porcelain, in which the material to be glazed can be moved separately on an additional further movement axis or in combination with the swiveling and rotating movement of the glaze pot. As a result, even deep clay and porcelain goods, which can also be designed with a bulbous design, can be provided with a glaze application fully automatically and with high quality using such a glazing machine.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Draufsicht einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform einer Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren nach der Erfindung, und
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht einer Detaildarstellung des Bereichs der Glasierstation nach der Erfindung.
The invention is explained below using a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
is a schematic plan view of a preferred embodiment of a machine for glazing pottery and porcelain according to the invention, and
Fig. 2
a side view of a detailed view of the area of the glazing station according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 ist als Beispiel eine insgesamt mit 1 bezeichnete Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren gezeigt, welche derart beschaffen und ausgelegt ist, daß drei zu glasierende Teile 2 pro Station behandelt und bearbeitet werden können. Mit A ist der Zufuhrbereich gezeigt, der u.a. eine Zentrierstation 3 aufweist. Nähere Einzelheiten derselben sind in der DE-OS 38 15 822 angegeben. Das zu glasierende Gut, wie die zu glasierenden Teile 2, werden wie mit einem Pfeil in Fig. 1 dargestellt, in die Zentrierstation 3 eingebracht. Die zu glasierenden Teile 2 werden nach der Zentrierung in der Zentrierstation 3 mit Hilfe von zugeordneten Saugern 4 zu einer Glasierstation 5 übergeben. Nähere Einzelheiten der Glasierstation 5 werden insbesondere unter Bezugnahme auf Fig. 2 näher erläutert. Nach dem Glasieren in der Glasierstation 5 werden die Teile mit Hilfe von Saugern 6 zu einem Abführbereich C übergeben, der auf gleiche oder ähnliche Weise wie in der DE-OS 38 15 822 gezeigt, ausgelegt ist, und ein Schwammband 8 umfassen kann, auf das die Fuß- oder Bodenteile des glasierten Guts aufgesetzt werden, wobei über eine Sauger-Drehantriebseinrichtung 7 die Sauger 6 zusammen mit dem von diesen gehaltenen Gut in Drehung versetzt werden, um den Fuß- oder den Bodenbereich des glasierten Guts zwecks einer späteren Nachbehandlung von Glasur zu befreien. Diese Drehbewegung ist mit Pfeilen in den glasierten Teilen 9 im Abführungsbereich C verdeutlicht.In Fig. 1 is shown as an example, generally designated 1 machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, which is designed and designed such that three parts to be glazed 2 can be treated and processed per station. With A the feed area is shown, which among other things has a centering station 3. Further details of the same are given in DE-OS 38 15 822. The goods to be glazed, like the parts 2 to be glazed, are introduced into the centering station 3 as shown by an arrow in FIG. 1. After being centered in the centering station 3, the parts 2 to be glazed are transferred to a glazing station 5 with the aid of assigned suction cups 4. Further details of the glazing station 5 are explained in more detail in particular with reference to FIG. 2. After glazing in the glazing station 5, the parts are transferred with the aid of suction devices 6 to a discharge area C, which is designed in the same or similar way as shown in DE-OS 38 15 822, and can comprise a sponge belt 8 on which the foot or bottom parts of the glazed good are placed, whereby the suction cups 6 are rotated together with the good held by them via a suction rotary drive device 7 in order to finish the foot or the bottom area of the glazed good for a later treatment of glaze to free. This rotary movement is illustrated by arrows in the glazed parts 9 in the discharge area C.

Unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 1 und 2 wird nachstehend eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Glasierstation 5 näher erläutert. In der Glasierstation 5 ist ein Werkstückhalter 10 angeordnet, der an einem Schlitten 11 angebracht ist, welcher längs einer Geradführung 12 auf- und abbeweglich ist. An dem Werkstückhalter 10 ist ein Glasurtopf 13 um seine eigene Achse drehbeweglich und um eine im wesentlichen horizontale Achse schwenkbeweglich gelagert. Die näheren Einzelheiten bezüglich der Antriebseinrichtungen und der Lagerungen lassen sich der DE-OS 38 15 822 entnehmen. Mit 14 ist ein Motor bezeichnet, welcher dem Glasurtopf 13 eine Drehbewegung um seine Achse erteilt. Mit 15 ist ein Motor bezeichnet, der dem Glasurtopf 13 eine Schwenkbewegung um eine etwa horizontal in Fig. 1 gezeigte Richtung erteilt. Mit Hilfe einer hin- und hergehend beweglichen sowie auf- und abbeweglichen Saugeranordnung 16, die nach Fig. 1 wenigstens drei Sauger umfaßt, wird das zuvor in der Zentrierstation 3 zentrierte und zu glasierende Gut (siehe zu glasierendes Teil 2 auf der Oberseite des Glasurtopfs 13) abgesetzt. Der Innenraum des Glasurtopfs 13 ist wenigstens teilweise mit Glasurmasse gefüllt. Nach dem Absetzen des zu glasierenden Guts wird die Saugeranordnung 16 zurückgefahren, und der Glasurtopf 13 mit dem dort gehaltenen zu glasierenden Teil 2 wird um einen Winkelbereich von 180° in die in Fig. 2 unten dargestellte Position gedreht bzw. geschwenkt. In einer Glasurwanne 17 befindet sich die Glasurmasse, die ein Glasierbad mit einem entsprechenden Glasierbadspiegel bildet. Mit Hilfe des Schlittens 11 und der Geradführung 12 sowie entsprechender Antriebseinrichtungen wird die Anordnung aus Werkstückhalter 10, Glasurtopf 13 und zu glasierendem Teil 2 senkrecht zu der vom Glasierbadspiegel 18 gebildeten Ebene, d.h. in Fig. 2 in eine im wesentlichen vertikale Richtung, vorzugsweise geradlinig auf- und abbewegt, wie dies mit einem Doppelpfeil in Fig.2 eingetragen ist. Hierdurch wird das zu glasierende Teil 2 mehr oder weniger tief in die Glasurmasse in der Glasurwanne 17 eingetaucht. Der Glasurtopf 13 kann im eingetauchten Zustand um seine eigene Achse mit Hilfe des Motors 14 drehangetrieben werden. Die Eintauchtiefe des zu glasierenden Teils 2 in das Glasierbad in der Glasurwanne 17 wird entsprechend unter Abstimmung des Bewegungsweges des Schlittens 11 so gewählt, daß das zu glasierende Teil 2 im wesentlichen vollständig und gleichmäßig mit der Glasurmasse benetzt wird. Zugleich können die Drehgeschwindigkeit des Glasurtopfs 13 um seine Achse sowie die Schwenkgeschwindigkeit und/oder der Schwenkwinkel und der Schwenkbewegungsablauf jeweils gesondert oder in Kombination miteinander abgestimmt und gesteuert werden. Nach der Behandlung im Glasierbad wird dann der Glasurtopf 13 zusammen mit dem an diesem gehaltenen nunmehr glasierten Teil aus dem Glasierbad in der Glasurwanne 17 herausgefahren, zurückgeschwenkt und dann schließlich wieder in die Ausgangsposition zurückgebracht. Mit Hilfe der Saugeranordnung 16 wird dann das nunmehr glasierte Teil zu dem Abführbereich C in Fig. 1 übergeben und dann dort abgesetzt.A preferred embodiment of a glazing station 5 is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the glazing station 5, a workpiece holder 10 is arranged, which is attached to a slide 11, which can be moved up and down along a straight guide 12. A glaze pot 13 is mounted on the workpiece holder 10 so as to be rotatable about its own axis and pivotably about an essentially horizontal axis. Further details regarding the drive devices and the bearings can be found in DE-OS 38 15 822. 14 with a motor is designated, which gives the glaze pot 13 a rotary movement about its axis. 15 with a motor is designated, the glaze pot 13 a pivoting movement issued about a direction shown approximately horizontally in FIG. 1. With the aid of a reciprocatingly movable as well as up and down movable suction arrangement 16, which according to FIG. 1 comprises at least three suction devices, the goods previously centered in the centering station 3 and to be glazed (see part 2 to be glazed on the top of the glaze pot 13 ) discontinued. The interior of the glaze pot 13 is at least partially filled with glaze mass. After the material to be glazed has been set down, the suction arrangement 16 is retracted, and the glaze pot 13 with the part 2 to be glazed held there is rotated or pivoted through an angular range of 180 ° into the position shown in FIG. 2 below. The glaze mass, which forms a glaze bath with a corresponding glaze bath level, is located in a glaze pan 17. With the help of the carriage 11 and the straight guide 12 and corresponding drive devices, the arrangement of the workpiece holder 10, glaze pot 13 and part 2 to be glazed is perpendicular to the plane formed by the glazing bath mirror 18, ie in FIG. 2 in a substantially vertical direction, preferably in a straight line - and moved, as shown by a double arrow in Fig.2. As a result, the part 2 to be glazed is immersed more or less deeply in the glaze mass in the glaze pan 17. The glaze pot 13 can be rotated in its immersed state about its own axis by means of the motor 14. The depth of immersion of the part 2 to be glazed in the glazing bath in the glaze pan 17 is selected accordingly by coordinating the path of movement of the carriage 11 so that the part 2 to be glazed is substantially completely and uniformly wetted with the glaze mass. At the same time, the speed of rotation of the glaze pot 13 about its axis and the pivoting speed and / or the pivoting angle and the pivoting movement sequence can be coordinated and controlled separately or in combination with one another. After the treatment in the glazing bath the glaze pot 13 is then moved out of the glaze bath in the glaze pan 17 together with the part which is now glazed and held thereon, pivoted back and then finally brought back into the starting position. With the aid of the suction arrangement 16, the now glazed part is then transferred to the discharge area C in FIG. 1 and then deposited there.

Obgleich in Fig. 2 nicht näher dargestellt ist, sind bei dem gewählten bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel drei Glasurtöpfe 13 in einer Reihe hintereinanderliegend angeordnet. Diesen drei Glasurtöpfen 13 sind entsprechend Fig. 1 drei Saugeranordnungen 16 zugeordnet, die zu einer Saugereinheit zusammengefaßt sein können. Natürlich können auch mehr als drei oder weniger als drei Saugeranordnungen 16 sowie Sauger 4 und entsprechend zugeordneten Einrichtungen der Maschine 1 vorgesehen sein. Eine Anzahl von mindestens zwei wird bevorzugt. In Abhängigkeit von der gewünschten Ausstoßleistung der Maschine 1 kann auch eine Rundtischanordnung gewählt werden, wie dies in der DE-OS 38 15 822 gezeigt ist. Die Glasierstation wird dann entsprechend den voranstehend angegebenen Einzelheiten so abgeändert, daß man die Bewegungsmöglichkeiten für den Glasurtopf 13 entsprechend der Glasierstation 5 nach der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegung erhält.2, three glaze pots 13 are arranged in a row one behind the other in the preferred embodiment selected. According to FIG. 1, these three glaze pots 13 are assigned three suction arrangements 16, which can be combined to form a suction unit. Of course, more than three or fewer than three suction device arrangements 16 and suction devices 4 and correspondingly assigned devices of the machine 1 can also be provided. A number of at least two is preferred. Depending on the desired output of the machine 1, a rotary table arrangement can also be selected, as is shown in DE-OS 38 15 822. The glazing station is then modified in accordance with the details given above so that the movement possibilities for the glaze pot 13 are obtained in accordance with the glazing station 5 according to the design according to the invention.

In Abhängigkeit von der der Maschine 1 zugeordneten Steuerung können die Bewegungen des Glasurtopfs 13 gesondert voneinander gesteuert oder auch in entsprechender kombinierter Weise gesteuert werden. Durch diese nahezu universelle Steuerungsmöglichkeit für die Bewegungen des Glasurtopfes 13 ist eine gutspezifische Abstimmung der Bewegungen des Glasurtopfs 13 möglich. Auch können bei dem Steuerungsablauf noch die Eigenschaften der aufzubringenden Glasurmasse, wie deren Viskosität u.dgl. Berücksichtigung finden.Depending on the control assigned to the machine 1, the movements of the glaze pot 13 can be controlled separately from one another or can also be controlled in a correspondingly combined manner. This almost universal control option for the movements of the glaze pot 13 enables a well-specific coordination of the movements of the glaze pot 13. The properties of the glaze mass to be applied, such as its viscosity and the like, can also be used in the control sequence. Find consideration.

Natürlich ist die Erfindung nicht auf die voranstehend beschriebenen Einzelheiten beschränkt, sondern es sind zahlreiche Abänderungen und Modifikationen möglich, die der Fachmann im Bedarfsfall treffen wird, ohne den Erfindungsgedanken zu verlassen. Insbesondere ist es bei der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegung wesentlich, daß der Glasurtopf 13 um mindestens 180° verschwenkt und/oder in eine im wesentlichen senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel 18 weisende Richtung auf- und abbewegbar ist. Diese Bewegungsformen des Glasurtopfes 13 in der Glasierstation 5 können auch mittels eines kombinierten Universalantriebs im Bedarfsfall verwirklicht werden.Of course, the invention is not limited to the details described above, but numerous changes and modifications are possible, which the person skilled in the art will make if necessary, without departing from the inventive concept. In particular, it is essential in the design according to the invention that the glaze pot 13 is pivoted by at least 180 ° and / or can be moved up and down in a direction essentially perpendicular to the glazing bath level 18. These forms of movement of the glaze pot 13 in the glazing station 5 can also be realized by means of a combined universal drive if necessary.

Claims (9)

Maschine zum Glasieren von Ton- und Porzellanwaren, insbesondere Hohlgeschirr, wie Schüsseln, Töpfe, Dosen o.dgl., mit wenigstens einer Glasierstation (5), die wenigstens einen das zu glasierende Gut (2) mittels Saugwirkung am Boden haltenden Glasurtopf (13) aufweist, der um seine Achse drehbar und in Richtung auf ein Glasierbad zum wenigstens teilweisen Eintauchen in dasselbe und von diesem weg schwenkbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Glasurtopf (13) mit dem zu glasierenden Gut (2) zusätzlich in eine zum Glasierbadspiegel (18) etwa senkrecht weisende Richtung bewegbar ist.Machine for glazing pottery and porcelain, in particular hollow crockery, such as bowls, pots, cans or the like, with at least one glazing station (5) which has at least one glaze pot (13) holding the goods to be glazed (2) on the floor by means of suction which is rotatable about its axis and can be pivoted in the direction of a glazing bath for at least partial immersion in it and away from it, characterized in that the glaze pot (13) with the material (2) to be glazed is additionally placed in a glazing bath level (18 ) is approximately vertically pointing direction. Maschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Glasurtopf (13) ausgehend von einer Aufnahmeposition um einen Winkelbereich von etwa 180° schwenkbar ist.Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the glaze pot (13) can be pivoted from an accommodating position through an angular range of approximately 180 °. Maschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Glasurtopf (13) mit dem zum Glasierbad weisenden und zu glasierenden Gut (2) in die etwa senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel (18) weisende Richtung linear auf- und abbeweglich ist.Machine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glaze pot (13) with the material (2) facing the glazing bath and to be glazed can be moved up and down linearly in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level (18). Maschine nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung bei aus dem Glasierbad im wesentlichen ausgetauchtem Gut erfolgt.Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the vertical up and down movement takes place when the material is essentially immersed in the glazing bath. Maschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit wenigstens der Auf- und Abbewegung regelbar ist.Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed of movement of at least the up and down movement can be regulated. Maschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehbewegung des Glasurtopfs (13) um seine Achse und die Schwenkbewegung und/oder die senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung gutspezifisch aufeinander abgestimmt sind.Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary movement of the glaze pot (13) about its axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement are coordinated with one another in a well-specific manner. Maschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Drehbewegung des Glasurtopfs (13) um seine Achse und die Schwenkbewegung und/oder die senkrechte Auf- und Abbewegung gesondert voneinander steuerbar sind.Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary movement of the glaze pot (13) about its axis and the pivoting movement and / or the vertical up and down movement can be controlled separately from one another. Maschine nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei an einem Werkstückhalter (10) angeordnetem Glasurtopf (13) der Werkstückhalter (10) in die etwa senkrecht zum Glasierbadspiegel (18) weisende Richtung bewegbar ist.Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the glaze pot (13) is arranged on a workpiece holder (10), the workpiece holder (10) can be moved in the direction approximately perpendicular to the glazing bath level (18). Maschine nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Ausführung der etwa senkrechten Auf- und Abbewegung der Werkstückhalter (10) an einem Schlitten (11) angebracht ist, der mittels einer Geradführung (12) linear beweglich geführt ist.Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that for executing the approximately vertical up and down movement of the workpiece holder (10) is attached to a carriage (11) which is guided in a linearly movable manner by means of a straight guide (12).
EP91119514A 1990-12-05 1991-11-15 Method of glazing earthenware and porcelain Expired - Lifetime EP0489292B1 (en)

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DE4038797A DE4038797A1 (en) 1990-12-05 1990-12-05 Hollow=porcelain glazing machine - moves suction pot with work at right angles to bath surface
DE4038797 1990-12-05

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EP0489292A1 true EP0489292A1 (en) 1992-06-10
EP0489292B1 EP0489292B1 (en) 1994-06-29

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GB339395A (en) * 1929-09-27 1930-12-11 George Wade & Son Ltd Improved means applicable for use in "dipping" articles of earthenware or pottery
GB2005567A (en) * 1977-06-28 1979-04-25 Ceramatic Ltd Coating hollow articles
FR2501081A1 (en) * 1981-03-06 1982-09-10 Zeidler Maschf Gmbh PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR GLAZING CERAMIC HOLLOW BODIES
DE3739602A1 (en) * 1987-11-23 1989-06-01 Zeidler Kg Maschf Heinrich Process and apparatus for the glazing of ceramic hollow bodies
DE3815822A1 (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-11-23 Voit Michael Gmbh MACHINE FOR GLAZING CLAY AND PORCELAIN ITEMS AND WORKPIECE HOLDER HERE

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0844054A1 (en) * 1996-11-22 1998-05-27 Maschinen- und Stahlbau Julius Lippert GmbH & Co. Glazing device with turn-table
CN104326768A (en) * 2014-09-30 2015-02-04 湖南双龙智创自动化设备有限公司 Multi-station electroceramic glaze-dipping machine
CN108437172A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-08-24 郑州科技学院 It is atomized Glazing device and enameling method
CN108437172B (en) * 2018-03-29 2023-07-18 郑州科技学院 Atomization glazing device and glazing method
CN109366704A (en) * 2018-12-01 2019-02-22 施仙增 A kind of sanitary ware glazing device
CN114008002A (en) * 2019-06-18 2022-02-01 利珀特有限及两合公司 Immersion glaze for sanitary ceramics
CN114008002B (en) * 2019-06-18 2023-06-20 利珀特有限及两合公司 Glaze dipping of sanitary ceramics
CN112405798A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-02-26 丽水学院 Automatic glaze spraying equipment for Longquan celadon and glaze spraying process thereof
CN113715140A (en) * 2021-09-07 2021-11-30 吴继军 Glazing device for processing domestic ceramics

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2055513T3 (en) 1994-08-16
DE4038797A1 (en) 1992-06-11
JP3192187B2 (en) 2001-07-23
US5405649A (en) 1995-04-11
JPH04275990A (en) 1992-10-01
DE59102077D1 (en) 1994-08-04
EP0489292B1 (en) 1994-06-29

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