EP0487544B1 - Paper punch - Google Patents

Paper punch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0487544B1
EP0487544B1 EP90910696A EP90910696A EP0487544B1 EP 0487544 B1 EP0487544 B1 EP 0487544B1 EP 90910696 A EP90910696 A EP 90910696A EP 90910696 A EP90910696 A EP 90910696A EP 0487544 B1 EP0487544 B1 EP 0487544B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure lever
paper punch
punch according
bearing
back edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90910696A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0487544A1 (en
Inventor
Roland Würthner
Siegfried Hauff
Theodor Pflugfelder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOUIS LEITZ KG
Original Assignee
Louis Leitz KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6387096&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0487544(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Louis Leitz KG filed Critical Louis Leitz KG
Priority to AT90910696T priority Critical patent/ATE102114T1/en
Publication of EP0487544A1 publication Critical patent/EP0487544A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0487544B1 publication Critical patent/EP0487544B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/32—Hand-held perforating or punching apparatus, e.g. awls
    • B26F1/36—Punching or perforating pliers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a letter punch with a lower part, a pivotally mounted on the side cheeks of the lower part, acting on the lower part of the punch guided against the restoring force of a spring pressure lever, the pressure lever being bent laterally downwards, with its rear edge a rear edge of the side cheeks scissors-like has overlapping bearing tabs (see, for example, EP-A-0279193).
  • the invention has for its object to improve the known punch hole punch of the type mentioned in such a way that a risk of injury is avoided even when the punch is used improperly.
  • the solution according to the invention is primarily based on the knowledge that a finger engaging in the crossover region between the rear edges of the bearing flaps and the side cheeks when the pressure lever is depressed is only displaced without squeezing action by the mutually moving edges if a certain one over the entire pivoting distance Scissor angle is not exceeded.
  • the rear edges of the bearing flaps and the side cheeks in the entire swivel range of the pressure lever protrude by at least a finger width above their current crossing point, that the scissor angle between 80 and 180 ° when the pressure lever is not operated and between 50 and when the pressure lever is operated 110 ° is that the side cheeks and / or the bearing flaps are rounded in the area of their rear edges and have a smooth, lubricious surface coating and that the distance between the pressure lever and the lower part is at least finger width when the pressure lever is actuated.
  • the scissor angle should decrease by less than 25 ° when the pressure lever is actuated.
  • the rear edges of the bearing flaps and / or the side cheeks have a smooth, convex, preferably circular outer contour and if the scissor angle and / or the Cross point remain approximately constant over the entire swivel distance of the pressure lever.
  • the distance between the pressure lever and the lower part is at least twice the finger width when the pressure lever is actuated.
  • the side cheeks in the region of their rear edges, have stop fingers engaging behind the bearing flaps, the upper end faces of which, forming a stop for the depressed pressure lever, face one another and have convexly curved inward and downward surface contours from their outer edge on the bearing flap, which advantageously merge in their lower area into mutually facing, inward and downward sloping surfaces.
  • the letter punch shown in the drawing essentially consists of a lower part 10 and a pressure lever 16 which can be pivoted on side cheeks 12 of the lower part 10 about an axis 14 between two end positions.
  • the pressure lever 16 has two bearing flaps 18 which are bent laterally downwards and overlap the adjacent side cheeks 12 on the outside on, the rear, obliquely downward-facing edges 20 with the rear edges 22 of the adjacent side cheeks 12 in a crossing point K including one after Cut divergent scissor angle ⁇ behind.
  • the crossing point K is displaced more or less along the inclined path 22 and the scissor angle ⁇ is changed more or less.
  • a circular contour of the edge 20 coaxial with the axis of rotation 14 ensured that both the crossing point K and the scissor angle ⁇ remain constant when the pressure lever is depressed.
  • the crossing point K is moving and the scissor angle is variable, it is important to avoid a squeezing effect in the crossing area that the scissor angle ⁇ does not fall below a minimum value of 50 ° over the entire pivoting range of the pressure lever 16 and that the edges 20 and 22 always diverging by at least a finger width across the Survive crossing point (Fig. 1).
  • the side walls 12 and bearing flaps 18 made of sheet metal have a surface coating 32, 34 of high lubricity which is formed by powder coating and is applied so thickly that it rounds off in the edge region 20 of the bearing flap 18.
  • the obliquely aligned embossing flank 36 which is produced in the course of the punching process on the sheet metal edge of the bearing tab 18, makes a further contribution to the rounding.
  • a stop finger 24 engages behind the bearing flaps 18, the upper end faces 26 of which form a stop for the depressed pressure lever 16.
  • the end faces 26 have mutually facing surface contours which are convexly curved downward from their outer edge 28 on the bearing flap and which merge in the lower region into mutually facing, oblique surfaces 30 pointing downward.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
  • Sheet Holders (AREA)

Abstract

A paper punch comprises a base part (10) and a pressure lever (16) which is pivotally mounted on side bearers of the base part (10) and which acts, against the restoring force of a spring (28), on a hole punch slidingly guided on the base part (10). The pressure lever (16) has two lateral, convex downward-bearing lobes (28). The rearward edges (20) of each lobe overlaps in scissors fashion a rearward edge (22) of the side bearers (12). To prevent the fingers being jammed even if the punch is improperly handled, the rearward edges (20, 22) of the bearing lobes (18) and the side bearers (12) diverge and project beyond their instantaneous point of intersection by at least one finger's breadth and form a shearing angle of at least 50°, over the whole pivoting range of the pressure lever (16).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Brieflocher mit einem Unterteil, einem an Seitenwangen des Unterteils schwenkbar gelagerten, auf am Unterteil verschiebbar geführte Lochstempel gegen die Rückstellkraft einer Feder einwirkenden Druckhebel, wobei der Druckhebel zwei seitlich nach unten gebogene, mit ihrer rückwärtigen Kante eine rückwärtige Kante der Seitenwangen scherenartig überlappende Lagerlappen aufweist (siehe z.B. EP-A-0279193).The invention relates to a letter punch with a lower part, a pivotally mounted on the side cheeks of the lower part, acting on the lower part of the punch guided against the restoring force of a spring pressure lever, the pressure lever being bent laterally downwards, with its rear edge a rear edge of the side cheeks scissors-like has overlapping bearing tabs (see, for example, EP-A-0279193).

Viele Brieflocher dieser Art weisen zwischen den rückwärtigen Kanten der Lagerlappen und der Seitenwangen sich beim Niederdrücken des Druckhebels verengende Spalte auf, in denen bei ungeschickter oder unsachgemäßer Handhabung Finger- oder Handteile eingeklemmt und gequetscht werden können. Dies gilt vor allem für Tischlocher, die zum Lochen auf einer Unterlage aufgestellt werden.Many letter punches of this type have gaps between the rear edges of the bearing flaps and the side cheeks when the pressure lever is pressed down, in which finger or hand parts can be pinched and squeezed if it is handled improperly or improperly. This applies above all to table punches that are set up on a surface for punching.

Ausgehend hiervon liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, den bekannten Brieflocher der eingangs angegebenen Art dahingehend zu verbessern, daß eine Verletzungsgefahr auch bei unsachgemäßem Gebrauch des Lochers vermieden wird.Proceeding from this, the invention has for its object to improve the known punch hole punch of the type mentioned in such a way that a risk of injury is avoided even when the punch is used improperly.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale vorgeschlagen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.To achieve this object, the features specified in claim 1 are proposed. Further advantageous refinements and developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

Der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung liegt vor allem die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß ein in den Kreuzungsbereich zwischen den rückwärtigen Kanten der Lagerlappen und der Seitenwangen eingreifender Finger beim Niederdrücken des Druckhebels nur dann ohne Quetschwirkung durch die sich gegeneinander bewegenden Kanten verschoben wird, wenn über die gesamte Schwenkstrecke ein bestimmter Scherenwinkel nicht unterschritten wird. Dementsprechend wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß die rückwärtigen Kanten der Lagerlappen und der Seitenwangen im gesamten Schwenkbereich des Druckhebels um mindestens eine Fingerbreite über ihrem momentanen Kreuzungspunkt divergierend überstehen, daß der Scherenwinkel bei unbetätigtem Druckhebel zwischen 80 und 180° und bei betätigtem Druckhebel zwischen 50 und 110° beträgt, daß die Seitenwangen und/oder die Lagerlappen im Bereich ihrer rückwärtigen Kanten abgerundet sind und eine glatte gleitfähige Oberflächenbeschichtung aufweisen und daß der Abstand zwischen dem Druckhebel und dem Unterteil bei betätigtem Druckhebel mindestens Fingerbreite beträgt.The solution according to the invention is primarily based on the knowledge that a finger engaging in the crossover region between the rear edges of the bearing flaps and the side cheeks when the pressure lever is depressed is only displaced without squeezing action by the mutually moving edges if a certain one over the entire pivoting distance Scissor angle is not exceeded. Accordingly, it is proposed according to the invention that the rear edges of the bearing flaps and the side cheeks in the entire swivel range of the pressure lever protrude by at least a finger width above their current crossing point, that the scissor angle between 80 and 180 ° when the pressure lever is not operated and between 50 and when the pressure lever is operated 110 ° is that the side cheeks and / or the bearing flaps are rounded in the area of their rear edges and have a smooth, lubricious surface coating and that the distance between the pressure lever and the lower part is at least finger width when the pressure lever is actuated.

Im Falle eines spitzen Winkels sollte der Scherenwinkel bei der Betätigung des Druckhebels möglichst um weniger als 25° abnehmen. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat es sich in einem solchen Falle erwiesen, wenn die rückwärtigen Kanten der Lagerlappen und/oder der Seitenwangen eine glatte konvexe vorzugsweise kreisförmige Außenkontur aufweisen und wenn der Scherenwinkel und/oder der Kreuzungspunkt über die gesamte Schwenkstrecke des Druckhebels etwa konstant bleiben.In the case of an acute angle, the scissor angle should decrease by less than 25 ° when the pressure lever is actuated. In such a case, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the rear edges of the bearing flaps and / or the side cheeks have a smooth, convex, preferably circular outer contour and if the scissor angle and / or the Cross point remain approximately constant over the entire swivel distance of the pressure lever.

Da die Haftreibung beim Quetschvorgang eine wesentliche Rolle spielt, ist es vor allem bei kleineren Scherenwinkeln vorteilhaft, wenn die Seitenwangen und die Lagerlappen zumindest in ihrem Kantenbereich durch eine Prägeverformung abgerundet sind und/oder als glatte gleitfähige Oberflächenbeschichtung und zur Abrundung der Kanten eine Pulverlackierung aufweisen.Since static friction plays an important role in the squeezing process, it is particularly advantageous for smaller scissor angles if the side cheeks and the bearing flaps are rounded off at least in their edge area by an embossed deformation and / or have a powder coating as a smooth, sliding surface coating and to round off the edges.

Weiter ist es für die sichere Handhabung von Brieflochern wichtig, daß der Abstand zwischen dem Druckhebel und dem Unterteil bei betätigtem Druckhebel mindestens doppelte Fingerbreite beträgt.It is also important for the safe handling of letter holes that the distance between the pressure lever and the lower part is at least twice the finger width when the pressure lever is actuated.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weisen die Seitenwangen im Bereich ihrer rückwärtigen Kanten die Lagerlappen hintergreifende Anschlagfinger auf, deren obere, einen Anschlag für den niedergedrückten Druckhebel bildenden Stirnflächen einander zugewandte, von ihrer lagerlappenseitigen Außenkante konvex nach innen und unten gekrümmte Oberflächenkonturen aufweisen, die vorteilhafterweise in ihrem unteren Bereich in einander zugewandte, nach innen und unten weisende Schrägflächen übergehen. Auch mit diesen Maßnahmen wird erreicht, daß ein versehentlich unter die seitlichen Lagerlappen greifender Finger beim Niederdrücken des Druckhebels auf der gekrümmten Oberflächenkontur nach unten verschoben und nicht zwischen den Anschlägen eingeklemmt werden kann.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in the region of their rear edges, the side cheeks have stop fingers engaging behind the bearing flaps, the upper end faces of which, forming a stop for the depressed pressure lever, face one another and have convexly curved inward and downward surface contours from their outer edge on the bearing flap, which advantageously merge in their lower area into mutually facing, inward and downward sloping surfaces. With these measures, too, it is achieved that a finger accidentally reaching under the lateral bearing flaps when depressing the pressure lever on the curved surface contour moved downwards and cannot be pinched between the stops.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einiger in der Zeichnung in schematischer Weise dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht eines Lochers mit variablem Scherenwinkel;
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht eines Lochers mit konstantem Scherenwinkel;
Fig. 3
eine perspektivische Rückseitenansicht eines Lochers;
Fig. 4
einen Ausschnitt aus dem Überlappungsbereich zwischen Seitenwangen und Lagerlappen des Lochers nach Fig. 1.
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to some exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. Show it
Fig. 1
a side view of a punch with variable scissor angle;
Fig. 2
a side view of a punch with constant scissors angle;
Fig. 3
a rear perspective view of a punch;
Fig. 4
a section of the overlap area between side cheeks and bearing tabs of the punch according to FIG. 1st

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellten Brieflocher bestehen im wesentlichen aus einem Unterteil 10 und einem an Seitenwangen 12 des Unterteils 10 um eine Achse 14 zwischen zwei Endstellungen verschwenkbaren Druckhebel 16. Der Druckhebel 16 weist zwei seitlich nach unten gebogene, die benachbarten Seitenwangen 12 außenseitig überlappende Lagerlappen 18 auf, deren rückwärtige, schräg nach unten weisende Kanten 20 sich mit den rückwärtigen Kanten 22 der benachbarten Seitenwangen 12 in einem Kreuzungspunkt K unter Einschluß eines nach hinten divergierenden Scherenwinkels α schneiden. Je nach Anstellung und Kontur der Kanten 20,22 relativ zum Drehpunkt 14 wird im Zuge des Niederdrückens des Druckhebels 16 der Kreuzungspunkt K mehr oder weniger entlang der Schrägstrecke 22 verschoben und der Scherenwinkel α mehr oder weniger verändert.The letter punch shown in the drawing essentially consists of a lower part 10 and a pressure lever 16 which can be pivoted on side cheeks 12 of the lower part 10 about an axis 14 between two end positions. The pressure lever 16 has two bearing flaps 18 which are bent laterally downwards and overlap the adjacent side cheeks 12 on the outside on, the rear, obliquely downward-facing edges 20 with the rear edges 22 of the adjacent side cheeks 12 in a crossing point K including one after Cut divergent scissor angle α behind. Depending on the position and contour of the edges 20, 22 relative to the pivot point 14, in the course of the depression of the pressure lever 16, the crossing point K is displaced more or less along the inclined path 22 and the scissor angle α is changed more or less.

Im Falle des in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels wurde durch eine zur Drehachse 14 koaxiale kreisförmige Kontur der Kante 20 erreicht, daß beim Niederdrücken des Druckhebels sowohl der Kreuzungspunkt K als auch der Scherenwinkel α konstant bleiben. Bei wanderndem Kreuzungspunkt K und bei veränderlichem Scherenwinkel ist es zur Vermeidung einer Quetschwirkung im Kreuzungsbereich wichtig, daß der Scherenwinkel α über den gesamten Schwenkbereich des Druckhebels 16 einen Mindestwert von 50° nicht unterschreitet und daß die Kanten 20 und 22 immer um mindestens Fingerbreite divergierend über den Kreuzungspunkt überstehen (Fig. 1).In the case of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a circular contour of the edge 20 coaxial with the axis of rotation 14 ensured that both the crossing point K and the scissor angle α remain constant when the pressure lever is depressed. When the crossing point K is moving and the scissor angle is variable, it is important to avoid a squeezing effect in the crossing area that the scissor angle α does not fall below a minimum value of 50 ° over the entire pivoting range of the pressure lever 16 and that the edges 20 and 22 always diverging by at least a finger width across the Survive crossing point (Fig. 1).

Wie aus Fig. 4 zu ersehen ist, tragen die aus Metallblech bestehenden Seitenwangen 12 und Lagerlappen 18 eine durch Pulverlackierung gebildete Oberflächenbeschichtung 32,34 hoher Gleitfähigkeit, die so dick aufgetragen ist, daß sie im Kantenbereich 20 des Lagerlappens 18 zu einer Abrundung führt. Einen weiteren Beitrag zur Abrundung leistet die schräg ausgerichtete Prägeflanke 36, die im Zuge des Stanzvorgangs an der Blechkante des Lagerlappens 18 erzeugt wird.As can be seen from FIG. 4, the side walls 12 and bearing flaps 18 made of sheet metal have a surface coating 32, 34 of high lubricity which is formed by powder coating and is applied so thickly that it rounds off in the edge region 20 of the bearing flap 18. The obliquely aligned embossing flank 36, which is produced in the course of the punching process on the sheet metal edge of the bearing tab 18, makes a further contribution to the rounding.

Bei dem in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist im Bereich der rückwärtigen Kanten 22 der Seitenwangen 12 jeweils ein die Lagerlappen 18 hintergreifender Anschlagfinger 24 vorgesehen, deren obere Stirnflächen 26 einen Anschlag für den niedergedrückten Druckhebel 16 bilden. Die Stirnflächen 26 weisen einander zugewandte, von ihrer lagerlappenseitigen Außenkante 28 konvex nach unten gekrümmte Oberflächenkonturen auf, die im unteren Bereich in einander zugewandte, nach unten weisende Schrägflächen 30 übergehen.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3, in the region of the rear edges 22 of the side cheeks 12 a stop finger 24 engages behind the bearing flaps 18, the upper end faces 26 of which form a stop for the depressed pressure lever 16. The end faces 26 have mutually facing surface contours which are convexly curved downward from their outer edge 28 on the bearing flap and which merge in the lower region into mutually facing, oblique surfaces 30 pointing downward.

Claims (9)

  1. Paper punch having an underpart (10), a pressure lever (16) which is supported on side pieces (12) of the underpart (10) so as to be capable of swivelling about a swivelling axis (14) and acts counter to the restoring force of a spring upon punches displaceably guided on the underpart (10), the pressure lever (16) having two bearing tabs (18) which are bent laterally downwards and with their back edge (20) overlap a back edge (22) of the side pieces (12), enclosing a scissor angle (a), characterized in that the back edges (20, 22) of the bearing tabs (18) and side pieces (12) within the entire swivelling range of the pressure lever (16) divergently project at least one finger's width over their instantaneous crossing point (K), that the scissor angle (α) is between 80 and 180° when the pressure lever (16) is not in operation and between 50 and 110° when the pressure lever (16) is in operation, that the side piece (12) and the bearing tabs (18) in the region of their back edges (20, 22) are rounded off and have a smooth slidable surface coating (32, 34) and that the distance between the pressure lever (16) and the underpart (10) when the pressure lever (16) is in operation is at least one finger's width, preferably two fingers' width.
  2. Paper punch according to claim 1, characterized in that the scissor angle (a) during operation of the pressure lever (16) decreases by less than 25°.
  3. Paper punch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the back edges (20, 22) of the bearing tabs (18) and/or side pieces (12) have a smooth convex external contour.
  4. Paper punch according to claim 3, characterized in that the back edges (20) of the bearing tabs (18) have a circular contour coaxial with the swivelling axis (14) of the pressure lever (16).
  5. Paper punch according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the scissor angle (α) and/or the crossing point (K) remain substantially constant over the entire swivelling range of the pressure lever (16).
  6. Paper punch according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the back edges (20, 22) of the side pieces (12) and the bearing tabs (18) are rounded off through shaping by embossing.
  7. Paper punch according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the slidable surface coating (32, 34) and/or the rounding-off in the region of the back edges (20, 22) is formed by a powder coating.
  8. Paper punch according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the side pieces (12) in the region of their back edges (22) have stop fingers (24), which engage behind the bearing tabs (18) and whose top faces (26), which form a stop for the depressed pressure lever (16), have opposing surface contours with an inward and downward convex curvature from their outer edge (28) on the bearing tab side.
  9. Paper punch according to claim 8, characterized in that the faces (26) in the bottom region of their curved surface contour verge into opposing, inwardly and downwardly directed, inclined surfaces (30).
EP90910696A 1989-08-14 1990-07-06 Paper punch Expired - Lifetime EP0487544B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90910696T ATE102114T1 (en) 1989-08-14 1990-07-06 MAILHOLE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3926837 1989-08-14
DE3926837 1989-08-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0487544A1 EP0487544A1 (en) 1992-06-03
EP0487544B1 true EP0487544B1 (en) 1994-03-02

Family

ID=6387096

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90910696A Expired - Lifetime EP0487544B1 (en) 1989-08-14 1990-07-06 Paper punch

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0487544B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1025302C (en)
DD (1) DD297110A5 (en)
DE (1) DE59004829D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2051020T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1991002634A1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0279193A2 (en) * 1987-02-14 1988-08-24 Firma Louis Leitz Paper punch

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH271950A (en) * 1949-02-25 1950-11-30 Styner & Bienz Ag Perforator.
DE2032518C3 (en) * 1970-07-01 1973-10-25 Fa. Louis Leitz, 7000 Stuttgart Letter punch
DE3225776C2 (en) * 1982-07-09 1986-06-12 Carl Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo Perforator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0279193A2 (en) * 1987-02-14 1988-08-24 Firma Louis Leitz Paper punch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1991002634A1 (en) 1991-03-07
ES2051020T3 (en) 1994-06-01
DE59004829D1 (en) 1994-04-07
EP0487544A1 (en) 1992-06-03
CN1049471A (en) 1991-02-27
CN1025302C (en) 1994-07-06
DD297110A5 (en) 1992-01-02

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