EP0480924A1 - Procede de cementation d'elements de paliers a roulement en acier au nickel faiblement allie - Google Patents

Procede de cementation d'elements de paliers a roulement en acier au nickel faiblement allie

Info

Publication number
EP0480924A1
EP0480924A1 EP19890908413 EP89908413A EP0480924A1 EP 0480924 A1 EP0480924 A1 EP 0480924A1 EP 19890908413 EP19890908413 EP 19890908413 EP 89908413 A EP89908413 A EP 89908413A EP 0480924 A1 EP0480924 A1 EP 0480924A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carburizing
temperature
elements
bearing elements
hardening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19890908413
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Hengerer
Gerhard Mend
Roger Björn
Ulf Sjöblom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AGA AB
Original Assignee
AGA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AGA AB filed Critical AGA AB
Publication of EP0480924A1 publication Critical patent/EP0480924A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D3/00—Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D3/02—Extraction of non-metals
    • C21D3/06—Extraction of hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/80—After-treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for case hardening rolling element elements made of low-alloy, nickel-containing steel according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Highly stressed roller elements e.g. B. large Wälzl ⁇ gerrings for rolling mills are often made of a low-alloy, nickel-containing steel, which is surface hardened in the application process.
  • an intermediate annealing is sometimes necessary after the carburizing and before the carburizing layer of the roller bearing elements has been austenitized in order to homogenize the steel structure and to reduce internal stresses.
  • the present invention is based on the task of creating a method for case hardening of rolling element elements, in particular large rolling element rings, from nickel-containing, low-alloy steels of the type specified, in which embrittlement of the hardness structure of the rolling element elements is largely caused by the dissociated hydrogen of the carburizing gas is avoided.
  • the process should also be economically applicable.
  • the roller bearing elements after carburizing in an inert gas for. B. nitrogen, cool.
  • the inert gas acts as a protective gas, so that the rolling bearing elements do not undergo any oxidation and decarburization on their surfaces. Due to the movement of the inert gas, the roller elements cool down quickly enough so that the precipitation of grain boundary carbides is just prevented.
  • the cooling also takes place in a certain cooling time, so that part of the hydrogen of the carburizing agent taken up in the carburizing layer during carburizing can diffuse out of the carburizing layer.
  • the measure according to claim 4 has the effect that the steel structure of the roller bearing elements is made stress-free and homogenized. This is particularly important in the case of large rolling bearing rings, because after cooling from the carburizing heat they can have considerable residual stresses.
  • a further heating energy saving is achieved with the additional measure according to claim 5.
  • the measure according to claim 7 results in an economically justifiable heat treatment time.
  • the measure according to claim 8 provides the advantage that all treatment stages from carburizing to intermediate annealing take place in one and the same furnace and under nitrogen as a protective gas.
  • the measure according to claim 9 indicates the possibility of also performing the hardening in the furnace used for carburizing, so that results in an extremely economical heat treatment of the rolling bearing elements in an automated series or mass production.
  • roller bearing rings made from this steel are carburized at around 970 ° C. For this purpose, these are placed individually or in groups in a carburizing furnace which works with propane gas (C_H.) As carburizing agent and heated to 970 ° C. The roller rings are then 10 to 20 hours to produce a sufficiently thick carburizing layer Held at 970 ° C. in the reeling furnace, the propane gas penetrating into the surface of the roller rings and producing carbon and hydrogen as decomposition products in a manner known per se.
  • propane gas C_H.
  • the roller bearing rings are carburized at around 970 ° C.
  • C_H. propane gas
  • the roller rings are then 10 to 20 hours to produce a sufficiently thick carburizing layer Held at 970 ° C. in the reeling furnace, the propane gas penetrating into the surface of the roller rings and producing carbon and hydrogen as decomposition products in a manner known per se.
  • the rolling bearings are in the carburizing furnace from the carburizing heat are cooled to about 300 ° C. in agitated nitrogen, so that the precipitation of grain boundary carbides in the structure of the steel is avoided and, moreover, sufficient cooling time remains so that part of the dissociated hydrogen diffuses out of the carburizing layer,
  • the rolling bearing rings are then kept in the carburizing furnace at about 300 ° C. with a holding time of at least 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere, so that a further part of the dissociated hydrogen escapes from the carburizing layer and
  • roller bearing elements are heated to a hardness temperature of about 805 ° C in the carburizing furnace immediately after being held at 300 ° C, austenitized at this hardness temperature and then quenched in air, oil or salt to achieve a surface hardness of 60 to 64 HRC (Fig. 1) .
  • the roller bearing rings can also be slowly cooled in nitrogen or air after the intermediate annealing from 610 ° C. to room temperature (20 °) (FIG. 3). Further dissociated hydrogen is released from the carburizing layer. The time to cool to room temperature (20 ° C) is about 1 hour. After the intermediate processing, the roller bearing rings are brought from room temperature to hardening temperature, hardened and quenched in air, oil or salt.
  • tempering is usually also provided so that the roller bearing elements are given a martensitic structure which gives the surface (roller bearing surface) a hardness of 58 to 62 HRC.
  • roller elements are finally ground and, if necessary, honed or polished on their tread.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un procédé de cémentation d'éléments de paliers à roulement en acier au nickel faiblement allié, lesdits éléments sont cémentés dans un gaz de cémentation dissocié, refroidis, réchauffés à la température de trempe, austénitisés dans la couche de cémentation et, finalement, trempés. Afin qu'il ne se produise, lors de la cémentation, aucune fragilisation des éléments de paliers à roulement, par l'hydrogène dissocié du gaz de cémentation, lesdits éléments de paliers à roulement sont refroidis, à partir de la température de cémentation jusqu'à environ 300°C, dans un gaz inerte en mouvement, puis maintenus à cette température, de façon que suffisamment d'hydrogène dissocié s'échappe de la couche de cémentation desdits éléments. Le réchauffage subséquent de ces éléments, pour les porter à la température de trempe ou à une température de recuit intermédiaire, s'effectue avantageusement immédiatement après maintien à 300°C.
EP19890908413 1989-07-07 1989-07-07 Procede de cementation d'elements de paliers a roulement en acier au nickel faiblement allie Withdrawn EP0480924A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1989/000787 WO1991000929A1 (fr) 1989-07-07 1989-07-07 Procede de cementation d'elements de paliers a roulement en acier au nickel faiblement allie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0480924A1 true EP0480924A1 (fr) 1992-04-22

Family

ID=8165414

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890908413 Withdrawn EP0480924A1 (fr) 1989-07-07 1989-07-07 Procede de cementation d'elements de paliers a roulement en acier au nickel faiblement allie

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0480924A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991000929A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4400391A1 (de) * 1994-01-08 1995-07-13 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Randoxidation beim Aufkohlen von Stählen
FR2841907B1 (fr) * 2002-07-03 2006-12-08 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd Piece de palier, procede de traitement thermique d'une telle piece de roulement

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2279716A (en) * 1938-09-08 1942-04-14 Bethlehem Steel Corp Rail treatment
US3595711A (en) * 1969-06-09 1971-07-27 Ford Motor Co Antifriction bearing component manufacture
US3737204A (en) * 1971-11-30 1973-06-05 Fmc Corp Extended life bearing
JPS57134554A (en) * 1981-02-16 1982-08-19 Daido Steel Co Ltd Manufacture of die
DE3800838C1 (fr) * 1988-01-14 1989-09-14 Skf Gmbh, 8720 Schweinfurt, De

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9100929A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1991000929A1 (fr) 1991-01-24

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